The formation of microspores inside the micro sporangia (or pollen sacs) of seed plant.

A diploid cell in the microsporangium, called a microsporocyte or a pollen mother cell, undergoes meiosis and gives rise to four haploid microspores. Each microspore then develops into a pollen grain (the microgametes.) Microsporogenesis is coordinated with both pollen wall development and tapetum development in the sense that they simultaneously differentiate (phase 1) and begins to degenerate at the end of microsporogenesis, when the exine is complete. This coordination reflects the important role the tapetum plays in microspore development.