Barriers in Communication

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25-06-12
9/29/12

FEATURES OF COMMUNICATION

Dynamic: Constantly changing You cannot not communicate Never one way

Continuous:

Two-way/circular: Unrepeatable: Irreversible: Complex:

Same message, same sender can have different meanings for different listeners Once said Multiple cycles, multiple processes at

one time

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Communication Skills for Managers

Barriers to Effective Communication

Messages Messages

that are unclear, incomplete, difficult to understand medium sent over the an inappropriate with no provision for feedback that are received but ignored that are misunderstood

Messages Messages Messages Messages

delivered through automated systems that lack the human element McGraw3153 Copyright

9/29/12 All rights Hill.

21st Century Workplace Challenges & Demands Present workplace

Multi-cultural time zones

Multiple

Languages People Technology Expectations

Knowledge workers
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Communication

Cultural Differences
Global Not

Village Internet, Skype, Technology, time zone barriers necessary, but useful to be multilingual Neutralization built in from childhood mindset not my fault / am so strong evolving towards projection
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Accent

Barriers

Mindset

Multi-ethnic

Types of Barriers
Physical Psycho-social Cultural Linguistic Semantic Body

Language

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Physical Barriers
Physical Barriers

Challenges of multi-tasking - Man, by nature, not wired for this of thinking, talking, typing 200 wpm, 80 wpm, 40 wpm -Deficit pickers During a talk/conversation one word may trigger a feeling of I know whats coming time Linkages miss the talk, snap back with change of inflection/tone etc 9/29/12

Speed Word

Concentration

Cultural Differences
The

result of U.S. warning to Japan for unconditional surrender - an ambiguous mokusatu meaning to kill with silence Tokyo radio used the word, saying the government would mokusato the declaration and fight onThe English translation became reject and the President took it as a rebuff. The result? Egyptian pilots radioed (in English) their intention to land at an airbase on Cyprus, and the Greek traffic controllers reportedly responded with silence, indicating refusal The Egyptians interpretation of this silence assent The outcome? Lives lost 9/29/12

Cultural Differences
Assuming

in the US

Similarity -Danish Woman with baby

Assuming Eye

Difference Urban/rural; Eastern/Western/South/North etc. Contact Critical Differences in stare, gaze, lecherous look, business look Thumbs up, Victory sign meanings unwritten rule to follow no assumptions, no judgments; Believe nothing of what you hear and only half of what you see 9/29/12

Gestures Basic

Linguistic Differences
Language,

twined

Culture & Body Language inter-

E.g.

English You; Yes, yeah

Indian languages Aap, Tum, tu; words describing relationships cousin, aunt, mausera bhai, chachera bhai, mausi, chachi, maami etc. bai in Hindi and Marathi disrespect is perceived, the message is lost in the emotional thought process over the disrespect
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Word When

Semantic Differences
French

Lemonade cannot be launched with the same name in English speaking countries brand of cold drink curry powder - Poo

Japanese

Argentinian German Portugal

drink tuna Atum bum

Communication is about making meaning make sure you communicate what you are meant to
The

intended outcome of the message should be clear to sender and receiver 9/29/12

Psycho-Social Barriers
Status Horns/Halo Allness

Effect to Change

& Closed Mind

Resistance

Unclarified Assumption Different

Perceptions

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Organizational Barriers
Communication Relationship Satisfaction
Extent

to which available information meets task-related and general information needs of employees in an organization of Justice Distributive, Procedural & interactional Justice by 4 aspects of communication in an organization with immediate superiors, peers, top management & overall communication within the organization
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Perceptions Evaluated

Justice Multi dimensional Construct

Distributional

process

Justice Fairness of the outcome of the

Procedural

Fairness perceived in the policies, procedures and criteria followed in the process perceptions about the manner of treatment of people

Interactional

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Premises & Survey Findings

There

is a positive correlation between CRS and all facets of organizational communication and top management would provide strong predictions for distributive and procedural justice with immediate supervisor is a predictor for interactional justice to ensure that messages are routed through communication channels
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CRS

CRS

Necessary

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION

PERCEPTUAL BARRIERS

CONTENT BARRIERS Content Known/Unknown, Disinterest

PERSONAL BARRIERS Poor Listening/ Thinking of response

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BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION

ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIERS

Light/Air/Noise/Ventilation/Interru ption

LINGUISTIC BARRIERS

Language/Semantics/Tone/Deliver y Style

PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS Frustrated/Anxiety/Anger/Status

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Language Barriers

'Ici on parle Anglais'... 'Ici on se rit de votre francais.' ('We speak English here'... 'We laugh at your French here')

What Kind of Barriers Do You See Here?

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Types of Barriers
Interpersonal

Takes into account uniqueness of individuals due to age, perceptions, experiences, education, culture, personality interpretation differs e.g.??? Causes Wrong assumptions, varied perceptions, wrong inferences, differing background, blocked categories Prevent or overcome You attitude, audience oriented choice of words, technical words to be explained, avoid oversimplification
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Prevent or Overcome Organizational Barriers

Keep Open Avoid Avoid Be

receiver in mind communication environment too many transfer stations

communication when emotionally disturbed aware of diversity in culture, language etc. appropriate non-verbal cues most suitable medium feedback
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Use

Select

Analyse

Additional Reading

http://cte.uwaterloo.ca/teaching_resources/tips/effective_comm - Strategies - Communication across cultural barriers

http://www.radford.edu/~kvharring/docs/HRMDocs/5comm.pdf http://healthadmin.jbpub.com/Borkowski/chapter4.pdf

Workplace Communication
http://www.diversity-matters.net/publications-gestures.pdf

Gestures - Hand gestures to avoid

www.vikalpa.com/pdf/articles/2010/page-vol-35-55-65.pdf
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http://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/2007/09/24/top-10-hand

Thank You
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