Tn: T HONG NAM MSSV: 106207 Lp: QM101

CHNG 1: KINH T MI TRNG L G ?

Cu 1: V sao nh thu xng du li to ra nh hng tnh cc n vic gim kh thi t phng tin hn l nh thu ln tng ch s hu phng tin ? Trc nht nu nh thu ln tng phng tin th s c im li sao y: gim s lng xe mua bn vy s t to ra cc cht thi rn ca xe. Nhc im: Lng xe ang s dng by gi rt nhiu, nn nu nh thu th ngi ta khng cn thit phi mua xe na c vy m s dng. Ngi ta vn s dng xe c Khi kh thi s to ra nhiu hn xe mi. Xe vn chy bng on ng nh c v ni ta khng thay i g c. nh thu trn xng: u im: Ngi dn bt u quan tm ti qung ng i, nu i nhiu th tin xang b ra qu nhiu, nn s ngh ti vic i xe but hoc i chung xe. S dng cc nng lng khc thay th cho xng du v d nh in, bng sc ngi ( xe p) Nhc dim: Ko theo cc mt hng khc tng cao v gi vn chuyn tng D b lm pht. Cc gia nh ngho b nh hng nhiu nht. Kt lun:

Nhn chung vic nh thu trn xng du nh hng rt ln n vic i li nn s gim thiu c kh thi hn l nh thu trn xe v lng xe khng thay i ( khng mua xe mi) nhng s dng xng cng khng thay i.

Cu 2: Nhng nhn t no nh hng n xu hng iu tit cn bng ca ng kh nng sn xut bin. Nhng chnh sch mi trng c tc ng g n nhng s iu tit . Nhng nhn t nh hng n ng kh nng sn xut bin: Quy lut khan him ti nguyn Quy lut li sut gim dn Quy lut chi ph c hi ngy cng tng Hiu qu kinh t

Nhng chnh sch mi trng iu tc ng n cc nhn t trn: u tin ta ni n Quy lut khan him ti nguyn: nhu cu ca con ngi khng ngng tng ln v ngy cng a dng, phong ph, i hi hng ha v cht lng dch v ngy cng cao, tin ch mang li ngy cng nhiu. Tuy nhin ti nguyn tha mn nhng nhu cu trn ngy cng khan kim v cn kit (t ai, khong sn, lm sn, hi sn...). nn do cc chnh thng nhm n vic khai thc ti nguyn hp l nh khng khia thc lm sn ba bi ..., hoc nhm gim thiu vic s dng cc ti nguyn khng th ti to c nh cc loi thu nh ln xng du, h tr s dng cc cng ngh sch, du lch sinh thi ... Th hai n Quy lut li sut gim dn: Quy lut li sut gim dn cho bit khi lng u ra c thm ngy cng gim khi ta lin tip b thm nhng n v bng nhau ca mt u vo bin i (u vo khc gi nguyn). C ngha l nu ta tng mt u vo bt k ( vd trong sn sut thy sn, tng s lng thy sn vo) tng n mt lc no nht inh th u ra bt u gim ( sn xut khng ht s lng thy sn s b i thiu lm nh hng n day chuyn ch bin lm gim nng sut ch bin) y l chnh sch ca cng ty lm sao cho thu nhp cao nht bi v tin mua u vo ( nhn cng nhn, my mc...) u ra ( tin bn sn phm ) = thu nhp nn cc chnh sch hoch nh ca cng ty iu c mc gii hn sn xut.

 Th ba Quy lut chi ph c hi ngy cng tng cho bit: khi mun tng dn tng n v mt hng ny, x hi phi b i ngy cng nhiu s lng mt hng khc.Quy lut i hi s dng ti nguyn vo sn xut cc mt hng khc nhau mt cch hiu qu Nn cc chnh sch ny gn ging nh Quy lut khan him ti nguyn : khng t rng, ln rng lm ry Cui cng Hiu qu kinh t: ni khi qut ngha l khng lng ph, nhng n quan h cht ch vi vic s dng nng lc sn xut hin c. Cc chnh sch ny l ca cng ty v cng ty thng hng n li ch kinh t: mun bn ra nhiu sn phm hn nn s tham gia cc nhn hiu xanh, ISO 1400, cc cng c khuyn khch kinh t ca chnh ph... Khng lng ph: ti s dng cc vt liu qua s dng, ti thiu chi ph sn xut( s dng ng lng mt tri thay cho in, ng dng cc cng ngh k thut hin i..).

Cu 3: Din t lm th no m s tin b cng ngh c th gip cc cng ty to ra nhiu sn phm cht lng tt hn v cc dch v t gy nhim hn. Biu din cu tr li bng th PPF V y l cc cng ngh hin ai nn cc cng ngh thng hay hng n ti thiu chi ph u vo (lng u vo t hn lng thi b t hn + s dng cc cng ngh sch t ph thuc vo xng du kh t hoc in) v ti a chi ph u ra (sn phm cht lng tt hn gi c cao hn) v lng thi b c th tn dng li mc ti a v do s thi b cc sn phm h hi, li s thp hn rt nhiu so vi cng ngh c.

6 5 4 Hng ha 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Cht lng mi trng

Cng ngh c cng ngh hin i

Nhn trong th ta thy nu s sn xut ra hng ha bng nhau th bn cng ngh hin ai mc cht lng mi trng s thp hn cng ngh c.

Cu 4:Bn c th nu mt s chnh sch c th khin bn thay i hnh vi, hnh ng theo hng bn vng hn. Chng c th gy nh hng tiu cc g? Lm sao thay i sau ny. Chnh sch tr gi cho xe but + nh thu gi xng thay i hnh vi : tng vic i xe but nhiu hn. Tiu cc: ph thi gian ch i, lng ngi i xe but qu ng xe but phi ln hn hoc lng xe but phi nhiu hn n tt giao thng lm hao ph xng. Cch thay i: chnh sch phi i i vi qun l dn s khu vc thnh ph, quy hoch trong tng lai. Ti ch rc thi: y l mt trong cc bin php pht trin bn vng, gim khai thc ti nguyn thin nhin, gim cht thi nhng ti ch rc thi s dng nng lng Phi khai thc ti nguyn thin nhin. Cc thay i : s dng cc nguyn liu d c th s dng i s dng li nhiu ln. Khuyn khch gio dc v mi trng t nh thay i hnh vi t nh.Tiu cc: khng.