BI GING

L thuyt L thuyt L thuyt L thuyt XC SUT TH XC SUT TH XC SUT TH XC SUT THNG K NG K NG K NG K

H Ni - 2011
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012


M U
L thuyt Xc sut Thng k l mt b phn ca Ton hc nghin cu cc hin tng
ngu nhin v ng dng chng vo thc t. Ta c th hiu hin tng ngu nhin l hin tng
khng th ni trc c n c th xy ra hay khng khi thc hin mt ln quan st. Tuy nhin,
nu tin hnh quan st kh nhiu ln mt hi tng ngu nhin trong cc php th nh nhau, ta
c th rt ra nhng kt lun khoa hc v hin tng ny.
L thuyt Xc sut cng l c s nghin cu Thng k mn hc nghin cu cc
phng php thu thp thng tin, chn mu, x l thng tin nhm rt ra cc kt lun hoc quyt
nh cn thit.
L thuyt Xc sut Thng k ngy pht trin theo tin trnh pht trin ca x hi, n ng
vai tr rt quan trng trong hu ht mi lnh vc ca th gii hin i, t khoa hc, cng ngh,
n kinh t, chnh tr, n sc khe, mi trng,
Ngy nay, my tnh gip cho vic tnh ton cc vn xc sut thng k ngy cng tr
nn d dng, mt khi c s liu ng n v m hnh hp l. Th nhng, bn thn my tnh
khng bit m hnh no l hp l. y l vn ca ngi s dng: cn phi hiu c bn cht
ca cc khi nim v m hnh xc sut thng k, th mi c th dng chng c. Chnh v vy,
mc d c gii thiu bc hc Ph thng, L thuyt Xc sut Thng k c ging dy cho
hu ht cc nhm ngnh bc i hc.

Chng trnh hc Mn L thuyt Xc sut Thng k
ti Trng i hc Thy Li

1. nh ngha v xc sut
2. i lng ngu nhin v phn phi xc sut
3. K vng v phng sai
4. Mt s phn phi xc sut thng gp
5. Mu ngu nhin n gin v cc hm phn phi mu ca cc thng k thng gp
6. Bi ton c lng
7. Kim nh gi thit
8. Hi quy v tng quan tuyn tnh

Gio trnh chnh:
Gio trnh L thuyt Xc sut Thng k, Bn dch ( chnh l ln th nht) - Ti liu lu hnh ni
b ca Trng i hc Thy Li (Bn dich t "Probability and statisics for Engineers and
Scientists" ca Walpole. H. Myers, L. Myers)


Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

Bi s 1
NHNG KHI NIM C BN V XC SUT

I. NHC LI V B XUNG V GI TCH T HP
Nhng kin thc phn ny lin quan ti vic m cc im mu.
1.Quy tc cng. Gii s mt cng vic no c k trng hp thc hin:
Trng hp 1 c
1
n cch thc hin
Trng hp 2 c
2
n cch thc hin ..
Trng hp k c
k
n cch thc hin
Khi ta c:
1 2
...
k
n n n n = cch thc hin cng vic cho.
2.Quy tc nhn.Gii s mt cng vic no c chia thnh k giai on:
C
1
n cch thc hin giai on th nht
C
2
n cch thc hin giai on th hai..
C
k
n cch thc hin giai on th k
Khi ta c:
1 2
. ...
k
n n n n = cch thc hin cng vic cho.
V d 1. C bao nhiu cch la chn ba n gm c xp, sandwich, mn trng ming, v mt
ung t 4 mn xp, 3 kiu sandwich, 5 mn trng ming, v 4 ung?
Gii: Do n
1
= 4, n
2
= 3, n
3
= 5 v n
4
= 4, c n
1
n
2
n
3
n
4
= 4 3 5 4 = 240 cch khc nhau
chn ba n.

3. Hon v.
a. nh ngha: Hon v ca n phn t l mt b c th t gm k phn t khc nhau chn t n
phn t cho hoc gm ng n phn t cho.
b. Cng thc 1: S cc hon v ca n phn t phn bit l !
n
P n = .

c. Cng thc 2: S nhng hon v ca n phn t phn bit c ly k ln lin tip l
!
( )!
k
k r n
n
P A
n k
= =

(cn gi l chnh hp chp k ca n phn t)

V d 2. Mt ti nhnh ca Hi Ha hc M c bao nhiu cch b tr 3 bo co vin cho 3 cuc
hp khc nhau nu h u c th thu xp c bt k mt trong 5 ngy?
Gii: Tng s cch b tr bng
5
P
3
=
! 2
! 5
= (5)(4)(3) = 60.
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

Nhng hon v xut hin khi sp xp cc phn t theo mt vng trn c gi l nhng hon
v vng quanh.

d. Cng thc 3: S nhng hon v ca n phn t phn bit c sp xp theo mt vng trn l :
( 1)! n .

Cho n by gi ta xt hon v ca nhng phn t phn bit. Trng hp c cc phn t ging
nhau th s th no.

e. Cng thc 4: S nhng hon v phn bit ca n phn t m trong
1
n phn t thuc kiu th
nht,
2
n phn t thuc kiu th hai, ... ,
k
n phn t thuc kiu th k k l:
! ! !
!
2 1 k
n n n
n

.

V d 3. C bao nhiu cch sp khc nhau to thnh mt xu n ca cy thng Noel c 3 bng
n , 4 bng n vng, v 2 bng n xanh vi 9 cm?
Gii: Tng s sp xp phn bit l

! 2 ! 4 ! 3
! 9
= 1260.
4. Phn hoch. T hp.
Ta thng quan tm n s cch phn hoch mt tp gm n phn t thnh r tp con c gi
l cc ngn. Mt phn hoch c hon thnh khi giao ca mi cp trong r tp con l tp rng v
hp ca tt c nhng tp con l tp ban u. Th t ca cc phn t bn trong mt ngn l khng
quan trng.

a. Cng thc 1: Ta phn hoch mt tp gm n phn t thnh k ngn sao cho:
c
1
n phn t trong ngn th nht,
c
2
n phn t trong ngn th hai,...
c
k
n phn t trong ngn th k
Khi s cch phn hoch l:
1 2
1 2
!
, ,...,
! ! !
r
k
n
n
n n n
n n n
1

( )


trong
1 2
...
k
n n n n = .

V d 4. C bao nhiu cch phn cho 7 nh khoa hc vo mt bung ba v hai bung i ca mt
khch sn?
Gii: Tng s phn hoch c th c l

2 , 2 , 3
7
=
! 2 ! 2 ! 3
! 7
= 210.

Trong nhiu bi ton ta quan tm n s cch chn r phn t t n phn t m khng quan
tm n th t. Nhng php chn ny c gi l cc t hp. Mt t hp thc cht l mt phn
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

hoch c hai ngn, mt ngn cha r i tng c chn cn ngn kia cha ( ) n r i tng cn
li.

b. Cng thc 2: S cc t hp ca n phn t phn bit c to ra khi ly r phn t cng mt lc l
!
!( )!
k
n
n
n
C
r
r n r
1

= =

( )


V d 5. Hy tm s y ban gm 2 nh Ha hc v 1 nh Vt l m c th to c t 4 nh Ha hc
v 3 nh Vt l.
Gi:
S cch chn 2 trong 4 nh ha hc l

2
4
=
! 2 ! 2
! 4
= 6.
S cch chn 1 trong 3 nh vt l l

1
3
=
! 2 ! 1
! 3
= 3.
S dng quy tc nhn vi n
1
= 6 v n
2
= 3, ta c th to c: n
1
n
2
= (6)(3) = 18
y ban vi 2 nh Ha hc v 1 nh Vt l.

c. Ch : Ta c
i) Quy c: 0! 1 =
ii)
k n k
n n
C C

=
iii)
1
1 1
k k k
n n n
C C C

= .
5. Nh thc Newton.
0
( )
n
n k n k k
n
k
a b C a b

=
=

.

II. BIN C V QUAN H GIA CC BIN C
1.Php th ngu nhin v khng gian mu.

V d m u: Khi cho cun dy quay u trong t trng ca mt thanh nam chm, kt qu l chc
chn xut hin dng in trong cun dy
y l mt php th khng ngu nhin.
Khi gieo mt con xc xc cn i v ng cht, ta khng on chc chn c kt qu. Ch bit c
kt qu l xut hin s chm trong {1, , 6}.

y l mt php th ngu nhin.
Nh vy: Mt php th ngu nhin lun tha hai c tnh:
1. Khng bit chc kt qu no s xy ra
2. Nhng bit c cc kt qu s xy ra
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012


Ta cn gp rt nhiu php th ngu nhin khc nh: quan st th trng chng khon, chi x s v
cc tr may ri, thng k tai nn v bo him, thng k khch hng n cc my rt tin ATM, m
s ln gi n cc tng i, xt cht lng sn phNm, quan st thi tit, xt kh nng phng th trong
qun s,
Vic thc hin mt nhm cc iu kin c bn quan st mt hin tng no c gi l
mt php th ngu nhin, y cc kt qu ca n khng d on trc c. Do bi ging ny ch
xt cc php th ngu nhin, nn ta gi tt chng l php th.

a. nh ngha. Tp hp tt c nhng kt qu c th ca mt php th thng k c gi l khng
gian mu v c k hiu bi S ( hoc ).

Mi kt qu trong khng gian mu c gi l mt phn t ca khng gian mu, hoc n gin l
mt im mu.

b. Cch m t khng gian mu:

+ Khi khng gian mu c hu hn phn t, ta c th lit k nhng phn t .

+ Khi khng gian mu c v hn phn t, hoc cc phn t c thuc tnh chung: ta c th m
t bng mnh hoc quy tc

+ Ta cng c th dng s hnh cy.


V d 6. Khi tung mt ng xu khng gian mu S c th vit l: S = {H, T}, trong H v T tng
ng vi heads v tails, ngha l "nga" v "sp".

V d 7. Khi gieo mt con xc sc:
+ Nu ta quan tm n s chm xut hin trn mi mt thi khng gian mu l:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 S =
+ Nu ta quan tm n mt chn hay l (s chm xut hin trn mt l chn hay l) th khng
gian mu l:

, S chan le = =

V d 8. Khi tung hai ng xu, vi k hiu S: sp cn N: nga khi khng gian mu l:

, , , SS SN NN NS =
V d 9. Ly ngu nhin mt im nm trong min hnh ch nht trn mt phng ta Oxy vi
kch thc [0; 3] [0;2] , khi khng gian mu l:

( , ) 0 3; 0 2 S x y x y = =

V d 10. Xt php th l tung mt ng xu.
+ Nu xut hin mt sp xut th ta tung ng xu ln th hai.
+ Nu xut hin mt nga th ta tip tc tung mt con xc xc c tung mt ln.

Trong trng hp ny ta i xy dng s cy nh hnh v xc nh khng gian mu. By gi,
nhng con ng khc nhau dc theo cc cnh cy i ti nhng im mu khc bit.

Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012


T ta xc nh c khng gian mu l :

; ; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6 SS NN N N N N N N = .

c. Cch xy dng khng gian mu :

+ t tn cho cc phn t c mt hoc cc bc hnh thnh php th

+M t im mu theo cc kt qu xy ra trong php th.


2. Bin c
a. nh ngha. Cc kt qu c th xy ra ca php th c gi l bin c. Nh vy bin c ca mt
php th chnh l mi tp con ca khng gian mu.

K hiu bin c : Dng cc ch in hoa nh A, B, C

Ch
Mi im mu l mt bin c v c g l bin c s cp.
Bin c khng th l bin c khng bao gi xy ra khi thc hin php th, k hiu l .
Bin c chc chn l bin c lun lun xy ra khi thc hin php th, n tng ng vi
chnh khng gian mu S (hay ) nn k hiu l S (hay ).

b. Quan h gia cc bin c. Cho A v B l hai bin c ca mt php th vi khng gian mu S .
Khi :
Bin c A c gi l ko theo bin c B, k hiu A B, nu A xy ra th B cng xy ra.

Bin c A c gi l tng ng vi bin c B, k hiu A = B, nu A xy ra th B xy ra v
ngc li.

Bin c i ca bin c A, k hiu A , l bin c xy ra khi v ch khi A khng xy ra.
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

Hp (tng) ca hai bin c A v B , k hiu l A B (hoc A B ) l bin c xy ra nu
c t nht mt bin c no trong cc bin c A hoc B xy ra. Ni cch khc : A B l bin c
gm cc im mu hoc thuc A hoc thuc B .
nh ngha hp ca n bin c cng c nh ngha tng t :
1 2
...
n
A A A


Giao (tch) ca hai bin c A v B , k hiu A B (hoc AB ) l bin c xy ra nu c A
v B cng xy ra. Ni cch khc A B l bin c gm cc im mu thuc c A v B .
Nu A
1
, A
2
, , A
n
l cc bin c lin quan n cng mt php th, th giao (hay tch) ca chng,
k hiu l
1 2
...
n
A A A .
Hai bin c A v B c gi l xung khc nu A B = .
V d 11. A l bin c ra s chm chn khi gieo mt con xc xc , th A = ra s chm l
V d 12. Xt bin c A = {2, 4, 6}, bin c B = {4, 5, 6} v bin c

1, 2, 4, 6 C = l nhng tp
con ca cng khng gian mu S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
Khi :
+ Ta c A ko theo C , tc l A C
+

1, 3, 5 A = ,

1, 2, 3 B = ,

4, 6 A B = ,

2, 4, 5, 6 A B = .
V d 13. Xt php th : T = gieo mt con xc xc cn i v cc bin c :
A
i
= "Xut hin i chm",
A = "Xut hin chm chn",
B = "Xut hin chm chia ht cho 3".
Khi
+ A = A
2
A
4
A
6
, B = A
3
A
6
,
+ AB = A
6
.
+ Cc bin c : A
1
, A
2
, , A
6
i mt xung khc.
V d 14. C ba x th A, B, C cng bn vo mt mc tiu. Gi :
A l bin c "x th A bn trng"
B l bin c "x th B bn trng"
C l bin c "x th C bn trng"

Khi : M ABC = l bin c "c ba x th bn trng"
N ABC = l bin c "c ba x th bn trt"
P A B C = l bin c "c t nht mt x th bn trng"
Q AB BC CA = l bin c "c t nht hai x th bn trng"
R ABC ABC ABC = l bin c "c ng mt x th bn trng"
U AB BC CA = l bin c "c nhiu nht mt x th bn trng"
V ABC = l bin c "ch c x th A bn trng".

Ch : Ta cng c th s dng s Ven biu din quan h gia cc bin c

Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012



c. Mt s hng ng thc.
Tnh giao hon: AB =BA, AB =BA
Tnh kt hp: ( ) ( ) A B C A B C A B C = = ; ( ) ( ) ABC AB C A BC = =
Tnh phn phi: (AB)C = ACBC, ABC = (AC)(BC)
AA = A, AA = A
A = , A = A, A = A, A =
A A =

Lut De Morgan:

1 2 1 2 n n
A A A A A A =
1 2 1 2 n n
AA A A A A =
III. XC SUT CA MT BIN C
1. M u v xc sut.
Vic bin c ngu nhin xy ra hay khng trong kt qu ca mt php th l iu khng th
bit hoc on trc c. Tuy nhin bng nhng cch khc nhau ta c th nh lng kh nng xut
hin ca bin c, l xc sut xut hin ca bin c. Xc sut ca bin c l con s c trng kh
nng khch quan xut hin bin c khi thc hin php th.
Da vo bn cht ca php th (ng kh nng) ta c th suy lun v kh nng xut hin ca
bin c, vi cch tieps cn ny ta c nh ngha xc sut theo phng php c in.
Khi thc hin nhiu ln lp li c lp mt php th ta c th tnh c tn sut xut hin (s
ln xut hin) ca mt bin c no . Tn sut th hin kh nng xut hin ca bin c, vi cch
tip cn ny ta c nh ngha xc sut theo thng k.
Trng hp ta biu din khng gian mu v cc bin c bi cc min hnh hc c o ta s
c nh ngha xc sut theo quan im hnh hc.

2. Xc xut ca ca mt bin c
Ta ch xt nhng php th m khng gian mu c hu hn phn t: chng hn xt php th
vi khng gian mu

1 2
, ,...
k
S s s s = = .
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

Khi , vi mi im mu (bin c s cp)
i
s c gn tng ng vi mt s thc
i
p tha mn
1
0;1
1
i
k
i
i
p
p
=
' l
1

1 l
l
1
1
!
1
=
1
1
1+

, s thc
i
p c gi l xc sut ca im mu (bin c s cp)
i
s . Nu ta c l do
tin rng mt im mu no rt c kh nng xy ra khi php th c tin hnh, xc sut c
gn s gn 1. Mt khc, mt xc sut gn 0 c gn cho mt im mu m dng nh khng xut
hin. Trong nhiu php th, nh tung mt ng xu hay mt xc xc, tt c nhng im mu c cng
kh nng xut hin cng c gn cc xc sut bng nhau. i vi nhng im bn ngoi khng
gian mu, tc l i vi cc bin c m khng th xut hin, ta gn cho xc sut bng 0.
Ta ch rng, mi bin c l tp con ca khng gian mu S , nn mt bin c A ca php
th l mt tp gm cc im mu (bin c s cp), mi bin s s cp trong A cn gi l mt kh
nng thun li cho . A

a. nh ngha. Xt php th vi khng gian mu S v A bin c trong php th . Khi xc
sut ca bin c A l tng xc xut ca tt c cc dim mu trong A, k hiu l ( ) P A .

T nh ngha ta c:
1. 0 ( ) 1 P A
2. ( ) ( ) 1 P S P = =
3. ( ) 0 P = .

V d 15. Mt ng xu c tung 2 ln. Xc sut t nht mt mt nga xut hin l bao nhiu?
Gii:
+ Khng gian mu i vi php th ny l
S = {SS, SN, NS, SS}.
+ Nu ng xu cn i, mi kt cc nh vy c th ng kh nng xut hin. Do , ta gn mt
xc sut w cho mi im mu. Khi y 4w = 1, hay w = 1/4.
+ Nu A biu th bin c t nht mt mt nga xut hin, th
A = {NN, NS, SN}
+ V P(A) =
4
3
4
1
4
1
4
1
= + + .

V d 16. Mt con sc sc c ch sao cho kh nng xut hin mt chm chn gp 2 ln kh
nng xut hin mt chm l. Gi E l bin c s chm nh hn 4 xut hin trong mt ln tung xc
xc, hy tm P(E)?
Gii:
+ Khng gian mu l S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
+ Ta gn mt xc sut w cho mi s chm l v mt xc sut 2w cho mi s chm chn.
+ Do tng ca cc xc sut phi bng 1 nn ta c 9w = 1 hay w = 1/9.
+ T , cc xc sut 1/9 v 2/9 c gn cho mi s chm chn v l tng ng.
+ Do :
E = {1, 2, 3} v P(E) =
9
4
9
1
9
2
9
1
= + + .

V d 17. Trong V d 16 gi A l bin c xut hin s chm chn v cho B l bin c xut hin s
chm chia ht cho 3. Hy tm P(AB) v P(AB).

Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

Gii:
+ Ta c A = {2, 4, 6} v B = {3, 6}, t AB = {2, 3, 4, 6} v AB = {6}.
+ Do xc sut cho mi s chm l l
1
9
v mi s chm chn
2
9
, nn ta c
2 1 2 2 7
( )
9 9 9 9 9
P A B = = v
2
( ) .
9
P A B =


Trng hp khng gian mu c hu hn phn t v cc bin c s cp ng kh nng.

b. nh ngha xc sut theo li c in

Gii s php th c N bin c s cp ng kh nng, trong bin c Ac cha n

bin c s cp
ng kh nng. Khi xc sut ca bin c A c xc nh bi
( ) .
n
P A
N
=

Cc bc tm xc sut ca mt bin c A:
1.m s bin s s cp ng kh nng trong khng gian mu: N
2. m s bin s s cp ng kh nng trong bin c : A n
3. T ( ) .
n
P A
N
=


V d 18. Mt ng ko trn ln 6 chic bc h, 4 chic ko b v 3 chic chocolate. Nu mt ngi
chn ngu nhin mt trong nhng chic ko ny, hy tm xc sut c
a. Mt chic bc h;
b. Mt chic ko b hoc mt chocolate.

Gii: Gi M, T, v C l cc bin c m ngi chn c, tng ngmt chic bc h, ko b, hoc
chocolate. Tng s ko bng 13 v tt c u ng kh nng chn.
a. Do 6 trong 13 chic l bc h, xc sut ca bin c M chn c ngu nhin mt bc h l
P(M) =
13
6
.
b. Do 7 trong 13 chic ko l b hoc chocolate, suy ra
P(TC) =
13
7
.

V d 19. Ly ngu nhiu 5 cy T L Kh trong b 52 cy. Hy tm xc sut trong c 2 cy
t v 3 cy J.

Gii: Gi C l bin c Trong 5 cy c 2 cy t v 3 cy J
+ S cch chia ring 2 cy t 4 cy t bng:

2
4
=
! 2 ! 2
! 4
= 6
+ S cch chia ring 3 cy t 4 cy J bng :

3
4
=
! 1 ! 3
! 4
= 4.
+ Theo quy tc nhn ta c n = (6)(4) = 24 trng hp rt ra c 2 t v 3 J.
+ M tng s trng hp ly ngu nhin 5 cy bi (tt c u ng kh nng) l
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

N =

5
52
=
! 47 ! 5
! 52
= 2598960.
+ Do xc sut ca bin c C l:
5
24
( ) 0, 9.10 .
2598960
P C

= =


Hn ch ca nh ngha xc sut theo li c in
1.N ch xt cho trng hp khng gian mu c hu hn cc bin c
2. Cc bin c s cp trong khng gian mu ng kh nng
Tuy nhin khng phi lc no khng gian mu cng tha mn iu .

Nu cc kt qu ca php th khng ng kh nng th cc xc sut s c xc nh da vo kinh
nghim trc hoc da trn cc bng chng ca php th. Chng hn nh, nu tung mt ng xu
khng cn bng th chng ta c th c lng xc sut xut hin mt nga hay mt sp bng cch
tung ng xu nhiu ln v ghi li cc kt qu. Da vo nh ngha xc sut theo tn sut, xc sut
thc t l t l mt sp hoc nga xut hin trong nhiu php th.

b. nh ngha xc sut theo tn sut (theo li thng k)

Thc hin mt php th N ln. Gii s bin c A xut hin n ln. Khi n c gi l tn s ca
bin c A v t s
n
N
c gi l tn sut xut hin ca bin c A trong hnh lot php th. Cho
s ln thc hin php th tng ln v hn, tn sut ca bin c Adn v s xc nh th s gi l
xc sut ca bin c A, khi :
( ) lim
N
n
P A
N

= .

V d 20. V d v tung mt ng xu nhiu ln:


Ngi tung S ln tung S ln xut hin mt sp Tn sut xut hin mt sp
Mai 4040 2048 0,5069
Hng 12000 6019 0,5016
o 24000 12012 0,5005

Tn sut dn ti s 0.5
Bi ging Mn Ton 5- Xc sut Thng k Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
2011 -2 012

c. nh ngha xc sut theo hnh hc
Xt php th c khng gian mu S c biu din bi min hnh hc S c o S khc khng,
bin c A c biu din bi min hnh hc A. Khi xc sut ca bin c A c xc nh bi:
( ) =
A
P A
S
.



V nh:
T c Chng 1
Bi tp: Mc 2.1+2.2: Tr. 25; Mc 2.3: tr. 35; Mc 2.4: tr. 43
Tr. c trc cc Mc 2.1 n 2.8 chuNn b cho Bi s 2: Cc php ton v xc sut
Filename: Bai so 1
Directory: C:\Users\Math\Documents
Template:
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Title: Bi ging Mn Ton 2-Gii tch nhiu bin
Tin s: Nguyn Hu Th
Subject:
Author: User
Keywords:
Comments:
Creation Date: 1/11/2011 11:08:00 PM
Change Number: 91
Last Saved On: 7/30/2011 8:14:00 PM
Last Saved By: Math
Total Editing Time: 512 Minutes
Last Printed On: 7/30/2011 8:15:00 PM
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Number of Pages: 13
Number of Words: 3,436 (approx.)
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