4

10

11
y = x y = x +
12
y = x 2 , y = x 2 + x + , y =

10

T ;

x
y.

y = f ( x ) . f ( x )
. x y
.
:
1. y =

1
.
x

1
1
y = .
x
x
2.
f ( x ) =

f ( x ) = x 2 .
;

x
, x f ( ) .
.. f ( x ) = 3x 2 2 . x = 4

f ( 4 ) = 342 2 = 316 2 = 46 .

148.

T ;
x f ( x ) .

( x, f ( x )) .

( 4, 46 ) f.
.

.
.

.
:

f ( x ) = 2x 3 . .
x

y=f(x)

54

16

16

54

(0, 0)

(1, 2)

(2, 16)

(3, 54)

(x, f(x)) (3, 54) (2, 16) (1, 2)

(2,16)
(1,2)
(-1,-2)

(0,0)

(-2,-16)

A ( x0 , y 0 )
f;
x0

f (x0 ) .

149.
f ( x 0 ) = y0 f.
f ( x 0 ) y0 f.
.. ( 2,1) f ( x ) = x 2 2x , f ( 2 ) = 22 22 = 0 1 .

f yy;

y
(0, f(0))

0,

f (0 ) . (0, f (0 )) .

.. f ( x ) = x 2 + 5x + 4
yy (0, f (0 ) = 4 ) .

x = 0 yy.

A(x

, f(x

))

f xx;

(x
3, f
2 , f(
x2 )) (x3 ))

B(x

xx , ,
0. f ( x1 ) = 0 f ( x 2 ) = 0

f ( x3 ) = 0 .

0.
f ( x ) = 0 .

f ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 1)( x 2 ) xx yy.

150.

f ( 0 ) = 1( 1)( 2 ) = 2 . yy

(0, 2) .
f ( x ) = 0

( x + 1)( x 1)( x 2 ) = 0

x +1 = 0 x 1 = 0 x = 2 = 0
x = 1 x = 1 x = 2 .
A ( 1, 0 ) , B (1, 0 ) , ( 2, 0 ) .

y = f ( x ) y = g ( x ) ;
A ( , y ) -

f(x)

f y = f ( ) .

A(, y)

g ,

g(x)

y = g ( ) . f ( ) = g ( ) .

f ( x ) = g ( x )
.

f ( x ) = x 2 g ( x ) = x

f ( x ) = g ( x )

x2 x = 0
x ( x 1) = 0
0

x
y

x = 0 x =1.
f (0 ) = g (0 ) = 0 f (1) = g (1) = 1 . (0, 0 ) (1,1) .

f ( x ) =

151.

x3 - 8
. x = 0, x = 1 x = 2 .
x +1

f 0 f (0 ) =

08
= 8 .
0 +1

f 1 f (1) =

13 8
7
= .
1+1
2

f 2 f ( 2 ) =

23 8 0
= =0.
2 +1 3

S ( t ) =

1 2
t . t = 3 .
2

S (3 ) =

t.

1 2 9
3 =
2
2

f (h ) = 3x 2 + 2h - 10 , f (5 ) .

f (5 ) = 3x 2 + 25 10 f (5) = 3x 2
f ( x ) = 2x 2 - 5 y = 195 ;

: y = f ( x )
195 = 2x 2 5

h. x
.

152.

2x 2 = 200

y = f ( x )

x 2 = 100
x = 10

x f y.

195 x = 10 x = 10 .
f (10 ) = 195 f ( 10 ) = 195 .
f ( x ) =

3x - 1
. x f;
x-4

x 4 x = 4 . f
x 4.
x g ( x ) = 5 - x ;

0 . x
.
5 x 0 x 5 . g x 5.
A (1, 8 ) B (1,10 ) ;

x = 1 8 10.
f ( x ) = 3x5 + x

A (1, 7 ) .

A (1, 7 ) : f (1) = 7

315 + 1 = 7
=4

153.

.
.
.
.
.

20

. h . (h)
.

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

12

(Km)

20
40
A
50
54
60
70
74
80

:
. 10km;
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;

154.

xx yy .
. xx 10 yy 50.
10Km 50. h (10 ) = 50 .
.
. xx h = 90 .
yy h (90 ) = 74 .
. .
. 0
xx. h = 2, h = 57, h = 112 .
. 0 18Km
y = 54 .
. xx
.
h : 2 < h < 45 57 < h < 110 .
. x
. x
.

E = 25 3 .

B

2
x.
: E =

x. ( = 90 ) .
:
2

x
2 =
+ 2 x 2 = + A2
2
2
0

2 = x 2

A =

x2
4

2 =

4x 2 x 2
4

2 =

3x 2
4

3x 2
3x 2
3 x2
3
=
=
=
x,
4
2
4
4

y
x.

( x > 0)

155.

1. f ( x ) = 3x 2 + 1 .
. .

. .
y

2. f.
4

. f ( x ) = 0
. ;
. 4.
. 2.

2 4
x

3. f ( x ) = 2x 3 x A ( 1,5) .
4. f ( x ) = 3x 2 2x 1
. yy.
. xx.

5.
6.

y = x 2 y = 2 x .

A (1, 2 ) B (1, 3)
;

156.

7.

x, K ( x ) = x 3 4x
. K (1) , K ( 2 ) , K (3) . ;

157.

1
:
. f ( x ) = 3x 8 f ( 2 ) = 2
. f ( x ) = x 3 5x + 2003 f yy
(0, 2003) .
.

A (3, 7 ) , B ( 3, 7 )
.

(1,5) , (1, 0 ) .
. f ( x ) = x ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3) xx 4 .

2
. f ( x ) = x 8 + 31x 7 + 42x + 1821x .
. yy .
. f ( x ) g ( x ) x
.
. f ( x ) 3 f ( x ) = 2 .

1

f.
.

f ( 0 ) , f ( 1) , f ( 2 ) , f (5 )
. .

3
2

4 5

158.

. x f .

2
f ( x ) x 2 4x + 3
. yy.
. xx.
. f ( 1) = f (5 ) .

3
f ( x ) = x 3 x 2 + 2x 1

A ( 1,10 ) .

11

y=x y = x +

y = x .
y = x
(0, 0 ) .
y = x ,
. ( )

(0, 0 ) , .

y
(0, y)

M(x, y)

K
(x, 0)

y = x x 0 ,

y
= .
x

y
.
x
y, x .

xx .

y
=
=
x
=
y
=
x

y = x
> 0 .
< 0 .
= 0 y = 0x y = 0 .
y = 0 0
x xx.

160.

y = x + .

y=
O

x
y=

y = x .

.
yy

y = 0 + = . (0, )

(O, )

xx y = 0 .
x + = 0 . x =

xx , 0 .

= 0 y = x + y = 0 +

y=
y = , xx
(0, ) .

y=

3
1

y=3

y = 2

y=1

xx;

y = x y = x + ...

x = 3 y.

y = x y = x +

161.

(
xx).
x + y = 0 0 .

0 x + y = :
y = x +
x +
y=

y= x+

y = x +
.
= 0 x + y = x =

x=

( ) xx

, 0 .

1. y = x + (1 )
y = x +

( 2 )

= .
* = =

(1 ) , ( 2 ) .
2. y = , y = .
3. x = k (1 ) , x = ( 2 ) .
4. y = x + . ( x,
)
.

xx.

y = x y = x +

162.

(1 ) y =

x
2

( 4 ) y = 3

(7 ) 2y - 6x + 7 = 0

( 2 ) y = 3x + 1

(5 ) x - 2y + 7 = 0

( 8 ) x = 1

( 3 ) y = 1

( 6 ) x = 8

(9 ) y = 4x + 1

( 3 ) // ( 4 ) xx.
( 6 ) // (8 ) yy.
( 5 ) :

(1 ) y =
( 7 )

2y = x + 7 y =

x+7
1
7
y= x+
2
2
2

1
x . ( 5 ) // (1 ) .
2

2y = 6x 7 y =

6x 7
7
y = 3x
2 2
2

( 7 ) ( 2 ) y = 3x + 1 .
y = -5x + 4
A ( 3, 8 ) .

y = x + .

y = 5x + 4 = 5 . y = 5x + .
(3,8) :

y = x y = x +

163.

8 = 5 3 + = 8 + 15 = 23
y = 5x + 23 .
( 2, 5 ) , ( 4,11) .

y = x + . ( 2,5) 5 = 2 + (1)
( 4,11) 11 = 4 + (2)
(1), (2). (1) (2) :
5 11 = 2 4 6 = 2 = 3
(1) = 3 5 = 23 + = 1 . y = 3x 1 .
( 2, 5 ) , (4,11) , (0, -1) , (-2, -6 ) .

, .
(3)

y = 3x 1 . ( 0, -1)

B(4, 11)
5

. x = 0 y = 1 :

1 = 30 1 1 = 1

.

( 2, 6 )

A(2, 5)
(0, 1)

(6, 7)

6 = 3 ( 2 ) 1 6 = 1
. , , .
3 , , .
2
.
.
2
y = ( - 5 ) x + 3

(1 ) y = -6x + - 2

:
5 1 3
2 5 = 6 2 5 + 6 = 0 =
=
2
2
y = x y = x +

( 2 )

164.

1. .
(1 ) y =

x
4

( 4 ) y = 3

( 7 ) 3y 9x = 0

( 2 ) y = 3x + 10

(5 ) 4x 8y 3 = 0

(8 ) x = 7

(3 ) y = 5

( 6 ) x = 1960

(9 ) y = 4x 43

2.

y = 5x + 4

A (3,8 ) .

3. ( 2,5) , ( 4,11) .
4. (1, 0 ) , ( 2,1) , ( 4,3), (1, 7 )

5.

y = ( 2 4 ) x +10 (1 ) y = 3x + 7 1

y = x y = x +

( 2 )

165.

1
;

2
;

1
3x 6y = 4
A ( 1,3) .

2
A (1, 4 ) , B (1, 3) .

3
:
y = ( 2 + 3 ) x 6

y = 4x + 2 1 .

y = x y = x +

12

y = x2 ,
y = x2+x+, y =
x

f ( x ) = x 2 , 0 .

.
> 0
x = 0 f (0 ) = 0

y
y = x2

xx.
O (0, 0 ) .
x = 0 ( yy).

< 0
x = 0 f (0 ) = 0
xx.
O (0, 0 ) .
x = 0 ( yy).

f ( x ) = x 2 + x + 0 .
y = x 2 .
.


, f = . 2
2
4

168.

.
> 0
x =

:
2

y = f =
.
2
4

> 0 .

<0
>0

=0
O
O

. 1

. 2

. 3

< 0
x 0 =

. y = f =
2
4

< 0 .

=0
>0

<0

O
O

. 4

. 5

. 6

169.
. . 1 . 4 > 0 .
xx .
. . 2 . 5 = 0 .
xx .
. . 3 . 6 < 0 .
xx.
y = x 2 + x +

x

B
A

.
2
, ,

x =

B
A

x =

O 
,



2
4

.
2

f ( x ) = x 2 + x + yy
( 0, f ( 0 ) = ) .
= 2 4
xx
() f ( x ) = 0 .
= 2 4 = 0

>0

xx x =
o
y

f ( x ) =

.
2

y= ;
x
x

x, y .

y
<0
x

o
y

xx yy .
xx yy .

x
.
y =

170.

y = x 2 + x + 1 .

7
3
-3 -2 -1

1 2

. = 2 4
= 12 4 1 1 = 3

,
4
2

1 ( 3 ) 1
,
= ,
4 2
2

3
.
4

1
O 1

3

,

2 4

= 1 .
x =

1
. = 3 < 0
2

xx. x = 0

y = 1.

171.

:
2. y = 3x 2 4
3. y = x 2 5x
4. y = 5x 2
1. y = x 2 + 3x 1
, , , .

5
A ,
2

3
, B ( 0, 4 ) , 2 ,

, ( 0, 0 ) .

3 13
5 25
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ,
, ( 0, 4 ) , 2 , 4 .
2 4

= 16m .
y =

1 2
x . , 4

xx.

16
, ( 8, y ) B (8, y ) .
2

A = =

1
1
2
( 8 ) = 64 = 16 .
4
4
16m .
y=

. A ( 2, 1) , B (1, 1) ,

1
, 1 .
2

y = x 2
(0, 0).
: 1 = 22 =

1
.
4

y =

1 2
x .
4

172.

y = x 2 y = 4x 2 , :
2

1
1 = = 4
2

20m,
.. AZ = x x. . x
.

45o

E
45o

. : E = A
= = = x , :

45o

45o

= = 20 x . E = E ( x ) = x ( 20 x ) .
. E ( x ) = x ( 20 x ) = 20x x 2 = x 2 + 20x .

20
=
= 10 .
2
2 ( 1)
= 10 = 20 10 = 10
.

= 1 x =

f ( x ) =

g (x ) =

1
.
x

f (x)

1
3

1
2

1
2

1
3

g (x)

1
3

1
2

1
2

1
3

173.

y=

1
, x < 1 (1)
x

y = x , 0 x 1

y = x , 1 x 0

(3)

y=

1
, 1 x
x

(2)

(4)

(1) y =

1
x

(-1, 1)

x 1 .

. (2) y = x
x
: 1 x < 0 .

1
-1

. y = x

0 x < 1

(1, 1)
0 1

y =

1

x

x x 1 .

y
(1, 1)
1

174.

:
y=

1
, x < 1
x

y = x ,

y = x , 0 x <1

y=

1
,
x

:
1
x ,

x ,
f (x ) =
x ,
1
,
x

x < 1
1 x < 0
0 x <1
x >1

1 x < 0

x >1

175.

1.
y = 3x + 10 .

2. A ( 2, 1) 2x 5y = 4 .

3. (1, 2), B (3, 1) .

4.

y = ( 2 + 2 ) x 3 y = 3x 5

5. f f ( x ) = x 2 + 4x 3 .
6. f f ( x ) = 10 .
x

7. .
y

0
-2

x
(1)

(1, -1)

(1, 1)
0

176.

8. f f ( x ) = x 2 2x + 11 . f (1 + ) = f (1 ) .
9.

y=

1
y = x .
x

10. f.
. f;
. f;
. f ( x ) > 0 ;

1
8 .
, , .
1. y 8 = 0
3. y =

7
, x0
x

2. 3x 2 5x = y
4. 3x 5y + 1 = 0

5. x 2 + y + 4 = 0

6. xy = 12 , x 0

7. x 2 + y 2 = 100

8. x 3 2x + 1 = y

1
:

f ( x ) = x 2 5x + 6

177.

g (x ) = x2 + 4
h ( x ) = 3 ( x 1) + 5
2

2
. () (2, 3)
y = 2x .
.
() Ox, Oy.

3
5.000 . 1.000 20 .
t
t .
:
. (t).
. .
. (t).
.
.