BI THC HNH S 4

nh lut lan truyn sai s

Mt s o c c trng bng 3 thng s:
S o

u vo

u ra

Tm phn b

phn tn

u(Xi) hay ui

u(Y)

S bc t do

hay

1. Nu thu c 3 thng tin khc nhau ca ui l uiA; uiB; uiC (gi chung l uiX) th cc gi tr ny
c tnh theo 1 trong 2 kiu sau:
KIu A: S liu thc nghim t php o lp li
Nu bit trc , o lp li n ln th uiX = (Xi) /
Nu cha bit , th uiX = S(Xi)/
KIu B: S liu ly t chng ch, cam kt ca nh sn xut
Nu chng ch cho bit Xi c dung sai l a th uiX = a/
Nu nh sn xut cam kt Xi c dung sai l a th uiX = a/

vi P=0.95,=

uiX = a/
h s gin n: v.denta t.e/p
2. Tnh khong bt n chun ca cc s o u vo:
3. Tnh s bc t do

(bc t do hiu dng)

ca s o u vo

, tnh xong lm trn thnh s nguyn

4. Tnh khong bt n chun ca cc s o u ra:

Vi h s nhy c1, c2, c3..

c1=Y/X1,
c2= Y/X2
5. Tnh s bc t do

(bc t do hiu dng)

ca s o u ra

, tnh xong lm trn thnh s nguyn

7. Tnh khong bt n m rng U(Y) = t0.95, (f =

8. Biu din kt qu :

x ui

Bi tp tng hp
Tnh nng mol ca dung dch chun t pha v KB m rng nh sau:
Cn 5.1050 gam cht chun gc KHP (kaihydrophotphat) (theo chng ch c tinh khit
99.9 0.1%) ri ho tan v nh mc trong bm 250mL
Cn:
Cam kt ca hng sx, lng cn < 50 gam c dung sai l 0.1mg vi P = 0.95.
Chng nhn hiu chun, lng cn < 50 gam c lch chun =0.07mg.
Chai khng

31.0234 g

Chai ng C H O
2

36.1284 g

Bnh nh mc:
Hiu chun bng cch o khi lng nc cha trong bnh trn cn k thut c kt qu nh
sau:
Cn 10 ln vi S=0.036
Chng ch ca hng sx, dung sai ca bnh nh mc 250mL : 0.15mL. Theo h s gin n ca
nc vi P = 0.95 20 30C l 2.1* 10-4.
Cht chun gc KHP (KC8H5O6)
C = 12.011 0.001
H = 1.00795 0.00007
O = 15.9994 0.0003
K = 39.0983 0.0001

Bi gii:
Lp cng thc:

u vo

u ra

m: Khi lng
V: bnh nh mc 250mL
P: tinh khit
F: h s pha long
Vy u vo :
1. X1=m: khi lng
S o

u vo

Tm phn b

36.1284 g-31.0234 g =5.1050 g

phn tn

Kiu A: Cn 1 ln:

(ui)

Vy um=
S bc t do

(P=0.95, )

Kiu B: Cam kt hang sx

=0.087 mg=0.000087g

Theo cng thc:

2. X2=P: tinh khit: theo chng ch 0.9990.001

S o

u vo

Tm phn b

0.999

phn tn

Kiu B:

(ui)
S bc t do

Theo cng thc:

3. X3=V: bnh nh mc 250mL

S o

u vo

Tm phn b

250mL

phn tn

Kiu A: Cn 10 ln:

(ui)

0.012

(P=0.95, )

Kiu B: chng ch

H s gin n:250*3*2.10-4=0.158mL
(P=0.95, )
Vy uV=
S bc t do

=0.12

Theo cng thc:

4. X4=M =phn t lng

Cht chun gc KHP (KC8H5O4)
C8 = 8*(12.011 0.001)
H5 = 5*(1.00795 0.00007)
O4 = 4*(15.9994 0.0003)
K = 39.0983 0.0001
S o

u vo

Tm phn b

204.2236

phn tn

Vy UM=0.0081u=0.0081/1.96=0.0041

(ui)
S bc t do

Theo cng thc:

Tng hp u vo:
Vi C=Y=
Xi

ui

Ci=Y/Xi

ui*Ci

5.1058

0.000087

0.0196

1.70*10-5

0.999

0.00058

0.1000

5.80*10-5

250

0.12

0.0003996

4.7950*10-5

204.2236

0.0041

0.000487

2.01*10-6

=7.72*10-5

Khong bt n m rng:
U(Y)=k*u(Y)=1.96*7.72*10-5=0.00015M
Biu din:
(0.099900.00015)M

Bi tp:
1. hiu chun pipet 25mL, ngi ta cn lng nc cha trong pipet trn cn phn tch, thu
c kt qu sau (gam):

24.9264

24.9195

24.9963

24.9952

24.9981

24.9972

24.9991

25.0067

25.0024

25.0288

Theo chng ch ca hng sx, th th tch 25mL c dung sai 0.05mL.

Theo h s gin n ca nc vi P = 0.95 20 30C l 2.1* 10-4.
Hy tnh v biu din kt qu.
2. hiu chun bnh nh mc 100mL, ngi ta cn lng nc cha trong bnh nh mc trn
cn phn tch, thu c kt qu sau (gam):

99.9549

100.0019

99.9963

99.9952

99.9981

100.0016

99.9991

100.0067

100.0024

100.0008

Theo chng ch ca hng sx, th th tch 25mL c dung sai 0.03mL.

Theo h s gin n ca nc vi P = 0.95 20 40C l 2.1* 10-4.
Hy tnh v biu din kt qu.
3. Tnh v biu din kt qu trn php cn.

Php cn trn mt cn phn tch c chng nhn sau:

Cam kt ca hng sn xut, vi lng cn < 50 gam c dung sai l 0.1g vi xc sut P = 0.95.
Chng nhn hiu chun, vi lng cn < 50 gam c lch chun =0.07g.
Khi cn c kt qu sau:

Chai khng

31.0234 g

Chai ng C2H4O2

36.1284 g

4. Tnh phn t lng v xc nh khong bt n v biu din ca phn t C6H6O6, bit:

C = 12.011 0.001
H = 1.00795 0.00007
O = 15.9994 0.0003