Dcts Profile Sep01

DuraGal
design capacity
tables for structural
steel angles,
channels & flats
JULY 2001
IMPORTANT NOTE
The tables and data contained in this publication have been prepared by OneSteel
Market Mills. As such, they are calculated on criteria that relate to products
manufactured by OneSteel Market Mills. The company cannot accept responsibility
for other manufacturers products. Although every effort has been made to ensure
accuracy, the company cannot accept responsibility for any loss, damage or other
consequence resulting from the use of this publication.
OneSteel Market Mills
(Tubemakers of Australia ABN 50 007 519 646)
Copyright July 2001
CONTENTS
Foreword .................................................................................................................................. ii
Preface ..................................................................................................................................... iii
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. iv
Notation .................................................................................................................................... v
Properties of Steel................................................................................................................... ix
References ............................................................................................................................... x
SECTION
1.
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
2.
ANALYSIS & DESIGN
3.
SECTION PROPERTIES
4.
SURFACE AREA
5.
FIRE ENGINEERING DATA
6.
SECTION CAPACITIES
7.
MOMENT CAPACITY
8.
WEB BEARING CAPACITY
9.
COMBINED BENDING & SHEAR
10. DEFLECTION
11. AXIAL COMPRESSION CAPACITY
12. AXIAL TENSION CAPACITY
13. COMBINED ACTIONS
14. SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
15. CONTINUOUS BEAMS
16. FIXED ENDED BEAMS
17. CANTILEVER BEAMS
18. TRUSS WEB MEMBERS
APPENDIX A: DESIGN BASIS
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

for STRUCTURAL STEEL ANGLES, CHANNELS & FLATS
FOREWORD
The structural design of the DuraGal range of cold-formed angles and channels presents new
challenges to the structural design engineer as a result of the higher yield stress of the formed
sections and their more slender cross-section geometry. Both of these characteristics lead to
higher capacities and efficiencies than conventional hot-rolled angles and channels but require
more sophisticated design rules and procedures. The Australian/New Zealand Standard for
Cold-Formed Steel Structures AS/NZS 4600:1996 has been developed to allow efficient use of
these high strength cold-formed sections including the use of the enhanced yield stress in the
design process. The Australian Steel Structures Standard AS 4100:1990 does not allow for
yield enhancement at this stage and so would not provide efficient designs for the DuraGal
range of angles and channels.
The production of these capacity tables has been performed to AS/NZS 4600:1996 using
advanced computer software which accounts for all of the benefits which can be achieved
using the higher tiers of AS/NZS 4600. The tables provide a thorough explanation of their basis
including detailed formulations and examples in Appendix A. Thorough checking of the design
capacity tables has been performed in the Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering at The
University of Sydney using independently created software.
Ongoing research into the DuraGal range of products is being performed at The University of
Sydney to improve the design methods to maximise the structural capacity which can be used
for design. Already research on cold-formed angles in compression has resulted in some
liberalisation of the design rules which has been incorporated in these tables. Research on both
channels in bearing has also been incorporated in this manual. Research on Angles loaded
parallel with a leg has also been completed and is referenced in the Appendix to this manual.
Cold-formed sections are becoming more popular in the construction industry due to their inherent
efficiency, and their use will continue to grow. These design capacity tables will assist in this
expansion by making routine design easier.
Gregory Hancock
BHP Steel Professor of Steel Structures, and
Chairman, Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering
The University of Sydney
July 2001
ii

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
PREFACE
This publication provides design capacity tables for a new range of DuraGal angles, channels
and flats. These sections are produced by cold-forming and in-line galvanizing. The use of coldformed members in structural design is not new. Structural steel hollow sections are produced
universally in Australia by the cold-forming process. In addition, in Europe, cold-formed open
profiles like angles and channels have been available in a range of tensile strengths for many
years. DuraGal profiles combine the dimensional accuracy and high tensile strength of the coldforming process with the latest generation of steel production by BHP Steel to produce a product
with more than adequate structural ductility for general structural applications.
The patented DuraGal process combines cold-forming technology with a corrosion protection
process that can be used either stand alone, or in conjunction with top coat systems to cover
the majority of corrosion environments included in AS 2312-1984 Guide to the Protection of
Iron and Steel against Exterior Atmospheric Corrosion.
The DuraGal Design Capacity Tables have been prepared for DuraGal angles, channels and
flats in accordance with AS/NZS 4600-1996 Cold-Formed Steel Structures. For ease of use, a
similar but slightly modified format to the AISC Design Capacity Tables has been adopted. Each
group of tables is separated by a divider with a labelled tag so that tables can be more easily
found. Only text relating to the use of the tables is contained with the tables. The design basis of
the tables is contained in Appendix A. A loose leaf format has been adopted for this manual to
allow for future expansion and updating.
For connections where the thickness of all of the connected parts is greater than or equal to
3 mm (2.5 mm for fillet welds), AS/NZS 4600 requires that the connection be designed in
accordance with AS 4100. The majority of DuraGal sizes are in this thickness range.
This manual will be updated as the benefits of research become available.
Originally printed July 1997.
This July 2001 edition includes:
October 1998 amendments to Section 8 - Web Bearing Capacity, adopted from the research[17]
carried out by The University of Sydney.
December 1999 amendments - changes in mechanical properties for angles, t 2.5 mm. The
Sectional Properties tables have been amended to reflect this change. Design capacities for
these thinner angles can be provided upon request.
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
OneSteel Market Mills wish to acknowledge the contribution of the Centre for Advanced Structural
Engineering at The University of Sydney and RD Structural Engineers in the preparation of this
manual.
The Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering provided assistance with interpretation of the
new limit states Cold-Formed Steel Structures Standard AS/NZS 4600, checking the manual,
and research into the structural behaviour of the DuraGal angles. Funding by the Australian
Research Council for a Collaborative Grant Project between OneSteel Market Mills and The
University of Sydney has provided additional data on the behaviour of DuraGal angles.
RD Structural Engineers were responsible for the presentation, layout and desktop publishing
of the manual.
iv

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
NOTATION
Ae
effective area of a cross-section
A, Af
full area of a cross-section
An
net area of a cross-section
flat width of element excluding radii
bc
total width (including radii) of a channel compression flange
be
effective width of a plate element (strength calculations)
bed
effective width of a plate element (deflection calculations)
beL
effective width of the flat portion of the longer leg of an angle
beS
effective width of the flat portion of the shorter leg of an angle
be1, be2
effective width of a stiffened element with stress gradient
bf
total flange width (including corner radius) of a channel
bL
flat width of the longer leg of an angle
bS
flat width of the shorter leg of an angle
bt
total width (including radius) of a channel tension flange
b1
longer leg length of an angle, or

flange projection beyond the web (shear lag calculations)
b2
shorter leg length of an angle
Cb
bending coefficient dependent on moment
Cm
coefficient for unequal end moment
Cs
coefficient for moment causing compression or tension on the shear centre side of the
centroid
C1 to C4
coefficient
Cq
coefficient
distance from the end of a beam to the edge of the load or reaction
overall depth of a channel
de1, de2
effective width of a stiffened element with stress gradient
d1
depth of the flat portion of a web measured along the plane of the web
Youngs modulus of elasticity
distance from the edge of a load or reaction to the edge of the opposite load or reaction
FLR
the maximum segment length for full lateral restraint
fn
critical stress
foc
elastic flexural, torsional and flexural-torsional buckling stress
fox
elastic buckling stress in an axially loaded compression member for flexural buckling about
the x-axis
foy
elastic buckling stress in an axially loaded compression member for flexural buckling about
the y-axis
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

foz
elastic buckling stress in an axially loaded compression member for torsional buckling
fu
minimum tensile strength used in design
fy
minimum yield stress used in design
design stress in the compression element calculated on the basis of the full section when
Appendix F is used and on the basis of the effective section otherwise
fd
design compressive stress in the element being considered based on the effective section at
the load for which deflections are determined
f1 , f2
web stresses calculated on the basis of the effective section specified in Clause 2.2.3.2 of
AS/NZS 4600 or the full section specified in Appendix F of AS/NZS 4600
shear modulus of elasticity (80 x 103 MPa)
Ib
second moment of area of the full, unreduced cross-section about the bending axis
Ie
effective second moment of area
If
second moment of area of the full section
In,Ip
second moment of area of the cross-section about the n- and p-axes
Inp
product of second moment of area of the full section about its n- and p-axes
Iserv
second moment of area required for serviceability design
Iw
warping constant for a cross-section
Ix,Iy
second moment of area of the cross-section about the major principal x- and y-axes
Ixy
product of second moment of area of the full section about its major and minor principal
axes
torsion constant for a cross-section
plate buckling coefficient; or

non-dimensional yield stress
ke
effective length factor
ksm
exposed surface area to mass ratio
kt
correction factor for distribution of forces in a tension member
kv
shear buckling coefficient
actual length of a compression member; or

full span for simple beams; or
distance between inflection points for continuous beams; or
twice the length of cantilever beams; or
unbraced length of a member
lb
actual length of bearing
le
effective length of the member
leb
effective length in the plane of bending
lex, ley, lez effective lengths for bending about the x- and y-axes, and for twisting, respectively
lx, ly, lz
unbraced length of a member about the x-, y- and z-axes respectively
Mb
nominal member moment capacity
Mbx, Mby nominal member capacities about the x- and y-axes, respectively
vi

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
Mc
critical moment
Mf
maximum moment for serviceability loads at which the section is fully effective
Mmax
absolute value of the maximum moment in the unbraced segment
Mo
elastic buckling moment
Ms
nominal section moment capacity
Mserv
design serviceability moment
Msxf, Msyf section yield capacity of the full section about the x- and y-axes, respectively
My
moment causing initial yield at the extreme compression fibre of a full section
M1
smaller bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length
M2
larger bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length
M3
absolute value of the moment at quarter point of the unbraced segment
M4
absolute value of the moment at centre-line of the unbraced segment
M5
absolute value of the moment at three-quarter point of the unbraced segment
design bending moment
M x , M y
design bending moment about the x- and y-axes, respectively
Nc
nominal member capacity of a member in compression
Ne
elastic buckling load
Ns
nominal section capacity of a member in compression
Nt
nominal section capacity of a member in tension
design axial force, tensile or compressive
n, p
non-principal axes of the cross section parallel to the shorter and longer leg of angles
respectively
Rb
nominal capacity for concentrated load or reaction for one solid web connecting top and
bottom flanges
Rd
design capacity
Ru
nominal capacity
design concentrated load or reaction in the presence of bending moment
R b
design concentrated load or reaction
radius of gyration of the full, unreduced cross-section
ri
inside corner radius
ro
outside corner radius
ro1
polar radius of gyration of the cross-section about the shear centre
rx, ry
radius of gyration of the cross-section about the x- and y-axes, respectively
plastic section modulus
So
cross-sectional area ot the tensile test specimen
Sx, Sy
plastic section modulus about the x- and y-axes, respectively
design action effect [design action]
nominal base steel thickness of any element or section exclusive of coating
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

vii
tw
thickness of a web
Vv
nominal shear capacity of the web
design shear force
applied load
design action
WL
strength limit state design load
WLmax
strength limit state maximum design load
WL1 max
strength limit state maximum design load based on the design section moment capacity and
combined bending and shear capacity of a beam
WL2 max
strength limit state maximum design load based on the design shear capacity of a beam
WS
serviceability limit state design load
WS max
serviceability limit state maximum design load
width of flat bar
x, y
principal axes of the cross-section
xo, yo
coordinates of the shear centre of the cross-section
elastic section modulus
Zc
effective section modulus calculated at a stress Mc/Zf in the extreme compression fibre
Ze
effective section modulus calculated with the extreme compression or tension fibre at fy
Zf
full unreduced section modulus for the extreme compression fibre
Zft
section modulus of the full unreduced section for the extreme tension fibre about the
appropriate axis
Zx, Zy
elastic section modulus about x- and y-axes, respectively
anx, any
moment amplification factor
bx, by
monosymmetry section constant about the x- and y-axes, respectively
angle between the plane of the web and the plane of the bearing surface equal to 90o for
DuraGal channels
l, l1, l2
slenderness ratio
lb
non-dimensional slenderness used to determine Mc for members subjected to lateral

buckling
lc
non-dimensional slenderness used to determine fn
effective width factor
capacity [strength reduction] factor
fb
capacity [strength reduction] factor for bending
fc
capacity [strength reduction] factor for members in compression
ft
capacity [strength reduction] factor for members in tension
fv
capacity [strength reduction] factor for shear
fw
capacity [strength reduction] factor for bearing
stress ratio f1 / f2
viii

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
PROPERTIES OF STEEL
The properties of steel adopted in these tables are listed below:
Property
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
Symbol
Value
Elastic Modulus
200 x 103 MPa
Shear Modulus
80 x 103 MPa
Density
7850 kg/m3
Poissons Ratio
0.25
Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
aT
11.7 x 10-6 per oC

ix
REFERENCES
[1] HERA (1987), Investigation of the Brittle Fracture Resistance of Cold-Formed Rectangular
Hollow Section. (Part 2), HERA Report R4-39, Auckland Industrial Development Division
Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
[2] Zhao, X.L. and Hancock, G.J. (1994), Tests and Design of Butt Welds and Fillet Welds in
DuraGal RHS Members, Research Report No. R702, Centre for Advanced Structural
Engineering, The University of Sydney. Also in, Zhao, X.L and Hancock, G.J., Welded
Connections in Thin Cold-Formed Rectangular Hollow Sections, Connections in Steel
Structures III, (Eds. Bjorhovde, Colson & Zandonini), Pergamon, 1996.
[3] Popovic, D., Hancock, G.J. and Rasmussen, K.J.R. (1996), Axial Compression Tests of
Duragal Angles, Research Report No. R730, Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering,
The University of Sydney. Also in, Popovic, D., Hancock, G.J. and Rasmussen, K.J.R.,
Axial Compression Tests of Cold-Formed Angles, J. Struct.Eng., ASCE, 125(5), 515523.
[4] SA/SNZ (1996), Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Australian / New Zealand Standard
AS/NZS 4600, Standards Australia / Standards New Zealand.
[5] SA (1998), Steel Structures, Australian Standard AS 4100, Standards Australia.
[6] SA (1989), Minimum Design Loads on Structures (Known as SAA Loading Code), Part 1:
Dead and Live Loads and Load Combinations, Australian Standard AS 1170.1, Standards
Australia.
[7] SA/SNZ (1997), Cold-Formed Steel Structures Commentary, AS/NZS 4600 Supplement
1, Standards Australia / Standards New Zealand.
[8] Talja, A. and Salmi, P. (1994), Simplified Design Expressions for Cold-Formed Channel
Sections, VTT Publications 201, Technical Research Centre of Finland.
[9] Syam, A.A. (1992), Beam Formulae, Steel Construction, Vol. 20, No. 1, Australian Institute
of Steel Construction.
[10] Proe, D.J., Bennetts, I.D., Thomas, I.R. and Szeto, W.T. (1990), Handbook for Fire Protection
Materials for Structural Steel, Australian Institute of Steel Construction.
[11] OneSteel Market Mills (1997), Technical Information - DuraGal Profiles, TS100, OneSteel
Market Mills.

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
[12] Leigh, J.M. and Lay, M.G (1970), Laterally Unsupported Angles with Equal and Unequal
Legs, Project 22/2 Properties of Steel Angles, BHP Melbourne Research Laboratories.
[13] Madungula, M.K.S and Kennedy, J.B (1995), SIngle and Compound Angle Members Structural Analysis and Design, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd.
[14] Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering (1996) An Executable Module for the Design
of DuraGal Angles and Channels to the Australian / New Zealand standard for ColdFormed Steel Structures AS/NZS 4600:1996, Investigation Report No S1063, The
University of Sydney.
[15] Hogan, T.J and Thomas, I.R (1994), Design of Structural Connections, 4th Edition, Australian
Institute of Steel Construction, (AISC).
[16] Woolcock, S.T and Kitipornchai, S. (1986), Design of Single Angle Web Struts in Trusses,
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol 112, No 6, pp. 1327 - 1345.
[17] Young, B., Hancock, G.J. (1999), Design of Cold-Formed Unlipped Channels Subjected
to Web Crippling, Research Report No. R794, Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering,
The University of Sydney. Also in, Young, B and Hancock G.J Tests and Design of ColdFormed Unlipped Channels subjected to Web Crippling 15th International Specialty
Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, St Louis, MO 2000, pp 43-70.
[18] Young, B., Hancock, G.J. (2000), Experimental Investigation of Cold-Formed Channels
subjected to Combined Bending and Web Crippling, 15th International Specialty Conference
on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, St Louis, MO 2000, pp 71-90.
[19] Young, B., Hancock, G.J. (2000), Web Crippling Behaviour of Channels with Flanges
Restrained, 15th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,
St Louis, MO 2000, pp 91-104.
[20] Popovic, D. and Hancock, G.J and Ramussen, K.J.R., Compression Tests of Cold-Formed
Angles Loaded Parallel with a Leg, J. Struct.Eng., ASCE, 127(6), pp 600-607.
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

xi
Page
1.1
GRADE ............................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2
SURFACE FINISH ........................................................................................... 1-1
1.3
SIZE RANGE ................................................................................................... 1-1
1.4
DESIGNATION ................................................................................................ 1-2
1.5
LENGTH RANGE ............................................................................................ 1-2
1.6
CHEMISTRY .................................................................................................... 1-2
1.7
1.7.1
1.7.2
1.7.3
1.7.4
1.7.5
1.7.6
1.7.7
1.7.8
1.7.9
TOLERANCES ................................................................................................. 1-3

Cross Section ................................................................................................... 1-3
Thickness ......................................................................................................... 1-4
Mass................................................................................................................. 1-5
Straightness ..................................................................................................... 1-5
Twist ................................................................................................................. 1-5
Squareness ...................................................................................................... 1-5
Flatness of Sides.............................................................................................. 1-6
Corner Radii Tolerance ..................................................................................... 1-6
Length .............................................................................................................. 1-6
1.8
CORNER RADII ............................................................................................... 1-6
1.9
WELDING ........................................................................................................ 1-7
1.10
PAINTING ........................................................................................................ 1-7
1.11
WHITE RUST ................................................................................................... 1-7
1.12
PROTECTION OF WELD AFFECTED AREAS ............................................... 1-7
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

PRODUCT
SPECIFICATIONS
CONTENTS
1.1
GRADE
DuraGal angles, channels and flats are manufactured by a cold forming process which ensures
that it complies with the requirements shown below:
Section
Actual
Thickness
Grade
t
mm
Minimum
Yield
Stress
Minimum
Tensile
Strength
MPa
MPa
Minimum
Elongation as a
proportion of
Gauge Length of
5.65 So
%
Flats
t 6.0
t > 6.0
C400L0
C350L0
400
350
450
400
20
20
Angles
t 2.5
2.5 < t 6.0
t > 6.0
C350L0
C450L0
C400L0
350
450
400
400
500
450
20
16
16
Channels
t 6.0
t > 6.0
C450L0
C400L0
450
400
500
450
16
16
DuraGal profiles comply with the requirements of steel types 5 & 7B in Table 10.4.4 of AS 4100.
L0 indicates that DuraGal profiles have Charpy V-notch impact properties as specified in
TS 100[11]. Table 10.4.1 of AS 4100 Steel Structures permits impact tested L0 grades to have
the following minimum service temperature:
1.2
Actual
Thickness
mm
Lowest one day mean

ambient Temperature
o
C
t 6
-30
6 < t 12
-20
SURFACE FINISH
A minimum of 100 g/m2 coating of zinc is applied by in-line galvanising to a mechanically (shot
blasted) and chemically cleaned bright metal (AS 1627.4 Class 3.0) surface. All profiles, with
the exception of equal angles up to and including 50 mm x 50 mm, are coated with a clear
polymer to protect the galvanising prior to fabrication.
1.3
SIZE RANGE
Equal Angles
Unequal Angles
Channels
Flats
30 x 30 to 150 x 150
75 x 50 to 150 x 100
75 x 40 to 300 x 90
50 to 300
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

1-1
1.4
DESIGNATION
Typical designations are:
where
1.5
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC DuraGal

150 x 150 x 5.0 CA DuraGal
300 x 8.0 CF DuraGal
CC = cold-formed channel
CA = cold-formed angle
CF = cold-formed flat
LENGTH RANGE
DuraGal is generally stocked by distributors in the following lengths.
Section
Size
Equal Angles
30 x 30 to 45 x 45
50 x 50 to 90 x 90
100 x 100 to 150 x 150
Standard Lengths
m
6.0
9.0
12.0
Non-Std Lengths*
m
6.0 to 12.0
6.0 to 12.0
6.0 to 12.0
Unequal Angles
75 x 50
100X 75 to 150 X 100
9.0
12.0
6.0 to 12.0
6.0 to 12.0
Channels
75 x 40 to 125 x 65
150 x 75 to 300 x 90
9.0
12.0
6.0 to 12.0
6.0 to 12.0
Flats
50 to 300
6.0
6.0 to 12.0
* Non-standard Lengths - Minimum order quantities and/or price extras may apply.
1.6
Chemistry
Chemical Composition (Cast or Product)

% max
C
Si
Mn
Al
CE
0.20
0.05
1.60
0.04
0.03
0.10
0.39
The carbon equivalent (CE) in the above is calculated for an actual composition using the following
equation:
CE = C +
Mn
6
Cr + Mo + V
5
Ni + Cu
15
This value is used in AS 1554.1:2000 Welding of Steel Structures, to determine the welding
preheat required. Steels with CE of less than 0.39 in general, do not require preheat.
1-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
1.7
TOLERANCES
1.7.1 Cross Section
The permissible variation on dimension bu is shown below:
Dimension bu
mm
Permissible Variation on Dimension bu

mm
Actual Thickness, t (mm)
NOTE:
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
1.5 < t 3
3<t 6
6<t 8
bu 40
0.80
1.00
1.25
40 < bu 100
1.00
1.25
1.50
100 < bu 150
1.25
1.50
1.75
150 < bu 200
1.50
1.75
2.00
In the above table bu applies to b1, b2 or bf.

1-3
The permissible variation on dimension d is shown below:

Dimension d
mm
Permissible Variation on Dimension d

mm
Actual Thickness, t (mm)
1.5 < t 3
3<t 6
6<t 8
40 < d 100
0.75
1.00
1.25
100 < d 200
1.00
1.25
1.50
200 < d 400
1.50
1.75
2.00
The permissible variation on dimension w is shown below:

Dimension w
mm
Permissible Variation on
Dimension w
mm
40 < w 100
0.75
100 < w 200
1.00
200 < w 400
1.50
1.7.2 Thickness
The permissible variation on the actual uncoated thickness is +10% to -5%. The relationship of
the nominal thickness to the actual thickness is shown below:
Nominal Thickness
1-4
mm
Actual Thickness
t
mm
2.5
2.4
4.0
3.8
5.0
4.7
6.0
6.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.0

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
1.7.3 Mass
The mass of a section should not be less than 0.95 times the nominal mass.
1.7.4 Straightness
For the total length, the maximum out of straightness (u) is limited to:
L
500
The maximum out of straightness (u) applies to camber and sweep for angles and channels,
and to camber for flats.
1.7.5 Twist
Maximum angle of twist (v) permitted is 1 degree per metre of length.
1.7.6 Squareness
The maximum out of squareness (s) of a corner angle is shown below:
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Shorter Leg Length

a
mm
Angular Tolerance
s
degrees
a 50
2.0
50 < a 80
1.5
80 < a
1.0

1-5
1.7.7 Flatness of Sides
The flatness of any side (q) is limited to less than 1% of the width of that side.
1.7.8 Corner Radii Tolerance

The inside corner radius tolerance is shown below:
Inside Corner Radius
ri
mm
Tolerance
< 2.5
0.5 mm
2.5
20% of ri
1.7.9 Length
The variation in standard and non-standard lengths is 0 mm to +25 mm.
1.8
CORNER RADII
The corner radii for angles and channels are as follows:
Nominal Thickness
1-6
mm
Inside Corner Radius

ri
mm
2.5
2.5
4.0
4.0
5.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
7.0
8.0
8.0
8.0

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
1.9
WELDING
DuraGal is readily welded. Its thin, evenly applied galvanised coating ensures minimal welding
fumes. However, the ventilation recommendations given in Table 17.2 of Technical Note 7
published by WTIA (Welding Technology Institute of Australia), July 1994 should be observed.
Mechanical dilution ventilation is advised for open work space and mechanical ventilation by
local exhaust system for limited work space and confined space.
DuraGals carbon equivalent of less than 0.39 allows it to be welded in accordance with
AS/NZS 1554.1:2000 Welding of Steel Structures, without preheat. The following are
recommended consumables.
Process
Recommended Consumables
Manual Metal-Arc (AS/NZS 1553.1)
E48XX (Grade 2)
Gas Metal-Arc (AS/NZS 2717.1)
W502
Submerged Arc (AS 1858.1)
W502Y
Flux-Cored Arc (AS 2203.1)
W502X.X
For more advise reference should be made to the DuraGal Welding Guide available from OneSteel
Direct. (refer 1.10 below for contact details)
Further research [1], [2] has shown that the mechanical properties of cold-formed hollow sections
are not reduced by a wide range of welding operations. Research is being undertaken to confirm
the validity of this to DuraGal angles, channels and flats.
1.10 PAINTING
DuraGals unique surface preparation and protective coating means painting and powder coating
are easy and economical, and the result is a smooth, attractive surface. Refer to the DuraGal
Painting Guide available from OneSteel DIrect: Freecall 1800 1 STEEL (1800 1 78335)
Freefax 1800 101 141, or email onesteeldirect@onesteel.com.
1.11 WHITE RUST

If white rust is present, this should be removed before painting. Refer to the DuraGal Painting
Guide for information on the removal of white rust.
1.12 PROTECTION OF WELD AFFECTED AREAS

Advice is given in the Addendum to the DuraGal Painting Guide on the corrosion protection of
the heat affected weld zone.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

1-7
ANALYSIS & DESIGN

Page
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 2-1

General ............................................................................................................ 2-1
Elastic Analysis ................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2
LIMIT STATES DESIGN .................................................................................. 2-2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
ANALYSIS & DESIGN
CONTENTS
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

ANALYSIS & DESIGN

2.1
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
2.1.1 General
Clause 1.6.2.1 of AS/NZS 4600 requires two types of limit states to be considered for the
design of structures and their components:
The ultimate (strength and stability) limit state.

The serviceability limit state.
For the strength [ultimate] limit state, Clause 1.6.2.2 of AS/NZS 4600 requires that: "The
design action effects [design actions] (S ) resulting from strength [ultimate] limit state design
loads shall be determined by an elastic structural analysis unless
(i) member strength is established by testing in accordance with Section 6 (of AS/NZS 4600)
or
(ii) it is ensured that any plastic hinges have adequate strength and ductility to perform their
intended purpose, in which case the forces and moments may be determined by plastic
analysis."
For the serviceability limit state the requirements of Clause 1.6.2.4 of AS/NZS 4600 are that:
"The structure and its components shall be designed for the serviceability limit state by controlling
or limiting deflection, vibration, bolt slip and corrosion, as appropriate."
The design loads and load combinations are determined in accordance with the SAA Loading
Code AS 1170 for both strength and serviceability limit states. AS/NZS 4600 does not apply to
the design of structures subject to fire, fatigue and brittle fracture (Clause 1.1). For advice on
fatigue performance and brittle behaviour of DuraGal angles, channels and flats, it is suggested
that reference should be made to AS 4100 Steel Structures.
2.1.2 Elastic Analysis

The elastic structural analysis carried out to find the design action effect should normally be a
first order analysis since second order effects are accounted for within the design equations
(Clause 3.5.1 Combined axial compressive load and bending) in AS/NZS 4600.
Clause 3.5.1 of AS/NZS 4600 allows for second order effects for members subjected to combined
axial compression and bending. When a first order analysis is carried out, the moment
amplification factor (an) is calculated in accordance with Clause 3.5.1 of AS/NZS 4600, and is
included in the combined compression and bending interaction equation:
N
c N c
Cmx M x
b M bx nx
Cmy M y
b M by ny
10
.
If a second order analysis is used to determine the design action effects, it is suggested that the
moment amplification factors (anx and any) and the coefficients for unequal end moments (Cmx
and Cmy) used in this interaction equation are taken as unity.
DCT DP/01
JULY 1997

2-1
2.2
LIMIT STATES DESIGN

Limit states design requires structural members and connections to be proportioned such that
the design action effect (S ) resulting from the design action (W ), is less than or equal to
the design capacity (fRu ).
S R u
Design action or design load (W ) is the combination of the nominal actions or loads (e.g.
transverse loads on a beam) imposed upon the structure, multiplied by the appropriate load
factors as specified in AS 1170. These design actions/loads are identified by a superscript (*)
after the appropriate action/load (e.g. WL describes the strength limit state design transverse
load on a beam).
Design action effects (S ) are the actions (e.g. design bending moments, shear forces, axial
loads) computed from the design actions or design loads using an acceptable method of analysis.
These effects are identified by a superscript (*) after the appropriate action effect (e.g. M
describes the design bending moment).
Design capacity (fRu ) is the product of the nominal capacity (Ru) and the appropriate capacity
factor (f) given in Table 1.6 of AS/NZS 4600. Ru is determined from Sections 3 and 5 of
AS/NZS 4600 for members and connections respectively.
Generally the tables provide values of the design capacity. For example, consider the strength
limit state design of a simply supported beam subject to a total transverse design load (W )
distributed uniformly along the beam with full lateral restraint. For bending, the design action
effect (S ) is the design bending moment (M ) which is determined by:
M =
where
W l
8
= span of the beam
In this case the design capacity (fRu) is equal to the design section moment capacity (fbMs),
which is given by:
b M s = b fy Z e
where
fb = the capacity factor

fy = yield stress used in design
Ze = effective section modulus
To satisfy the requirement for strength limit state design the following relationship must be satisfied:
M b M s
It should be noted that in this instance the bending capacity of the beam may not be the only
criteria in the strength limit state which needs to be considered. Other criteria may include
shear capacity, bearing capacity and combined bending and shear.
In Sections 14 to 17 the strength limit state maximum design load (WLmax ) and the serviceability
limit state maximum design load (WS max ) are tabulated. These are the maximum design actions
or design loads which may be applied to a beam for the specified limit states.
2-2

DCT DP/01
JULY 1997
SECTION PROPERTIES
CONTENTS
Page
3.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2
DIMENSIONS AND FULL SECTION PROPERTIES ...................................... 3-1
3.3
EFFECTIVE SECTION PROPERTIES ............................................................ 3-1
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
3.25
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Equal Angles

about Principal x- and y-axes ........................................................................... 3-2
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Equal Angles
about Non-principal n- and p-axes ................................................................... 3-4
Effective Section Properties for Equal Angles
about Principal x- and y-axes ........................................................................... 3-6
Effective Section Properties for Equal Angles
about Non-principal n- and p-axes ................................................................... 3-8
Section Properties to calculate Member Stability for Equal Angles
about Principal x- and y-axes ......................................................................... 3-10
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Unequal Angles
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Unequal Angles
about Non-principal n- and p-axes ................................................................. 3-13
Effective Section Properties for Unequal Angles
Effective Section Properties for Unequal Angles
about Non-principal n- and p-axes ................................................................. 3-15
Section Properties to calculate Member Stability for Unequal Angles
3.31
3.32
3.33
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Channels ................................... 3-18

Effective Section Properties for Channels ...................................................... 3-19
Section Properties to calculate Member Stability for Channels ..................... 3-20
3.4
Dimensions and Full Section Properties for Flats .......................................... 3-22
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

3.11
SECTION
PROPERTIES
TABLES
SECTION PROPERTIES
3.1
SCOPE
The section property tables include all relevant section dimensions and properties necessary
for drawing, and for designing DuraGal open profile steel structures in accordance with
AS/NZS 4600.
For each open profile section, tables are provided for
Dimensions and full section properties

Effective section properties
3.2
DIMENSIONS AND FULL SECTION PROPERTIES

The Dimensions and Full Section Properties tables give the standard dimensions and full section
properties for angles, channels and flats. For angles, the dimensions and section properties are
provided for both the principal x- and y-axes and for the non-principal n- and p-axes (parallel to
the angle legs).
Full section properties of angles and channels are calculated using the accurate method of
dividing the section into simple elements including bends (AS/NZS 4600 Clause 2.1.1) for all
section properties except for Iw, J, xo, yo, bx, by and ro1 which are calculated in accordance with
Appendix E of AS/NZS 4600. A detailed procedure to calculate the full section properties of
DuraGal angles and channels is presented in Appendix A1.
The full section properties assume that the sections are fully effective and may also be used for
determining section or member capacities and deflection when the compression stresses in the
elements of the cross section are sufficiently low so that local buckling of these elements will
not occur.
3.3
EFFECTIVE SECTION PROPERTIES

The section capacities presented in Section 6 have been calculated in accordance with
AS/NZS 4600 using the effective section properties for angles and channels. For angles the
effective section properties are provided for bending about the principal x- and y-axes, and for
bending about the non-principal n- and p-axes (parallel to the angle legs). The effective section
properties of DuraGal angles and channels are calculated on the basis of the predicted reduction
in capacity due to local buckling behaviour when subject to axial compression or bending. The
method for determining these properties is given in Appendix A2.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

3-1
Equal Angles
3-2
Table 3.11(a)
DIMENSIONS and
FULL SECTION PROPERTIES
about principal x- and y-axes
Grade C450L0 / C400L0

DuraGal Equal Angles

DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
Actual
Thickness
t
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
kg/m
mm
mm
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
NOTES:
mm
Mass
per
metre
SECTION PROPERTIES
Co-ordinates
of
Centroid
y1 = y4
x2 = x3
mm
x5
Full
Area of
Section
Af
2
About x-axis
Ix
6
Zx1 = Zx4
4
Sx
3
10 mm
rx
3
Iy
6
Zy2 = Zy3
4
Zy5
3
Sy
3
ry
3
mm
mm
mm
10 mm
mm
10 mm
10 mm
10 mm
10 mm
53.5
53.4
53.2
53.4
51.6
51.4
51.3
52.4
2290
2020
1740
1380
8.30
7.34
6.36
5.04
78.3
69.2
59.9
47.6
120
106
91.6
72.4
60.2
60.3
60.5
60.6
1.96
1.74
1.51
1.23
36.7
32.6
28.3
23.0
38.1
33.8
29.4
23.4
58.2
51.3
44.3
35.6
29.3
29.4
29.5
29.9
88.4
88.4
88.4
88.4
88.4
44.6
44.5
44.4
44.5
44.4
42.8
42.6
42.5
43.6
43.4
1890
1670
1440
1140
926
4.73
4.19
3.63
2.89
2.36
53.5
47.4
41.1
32.7
26.7
82.7
73.0
63.1
50.0
40.7
50.0
50.1
50.3
50.4
50.5
1.11
0.981
0.853
0.699
0.572
24.7
22.0
19.2
15.7
12.9
25.8
23.0
20.1
16.0
13.2
39.6
35.0
30.3
24.4
19.9
24.1
24.3
24.4
24.8
24.9
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
70.7
70.7
70.7
70.7
70.7
35.8
35.7
35.5
35.7
35.6
33.9
33.8
33.6
34.7
34.6
1490
1320
1140
905
736
2.36
2.10
1.83
1.46
1.20
33.4
29.7
25.8
20.6
16.9
52.0
46.0
39.8
31.7
25.8
39.8
39.9
40.1
40.2
40.3
0.542
0.483
0.421
0.350
0.287
15.1
13.5
11.9
9.80
8.08
16.0
14.3
12.5
10.1
8.30
24.7
21.8
19.0
15.4
12.6
19.0
19.1
19.3
19.7
19.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
63.6
63.6
63.6
63.6
63.6
32.3
32.1
32.0
32.2
32.0
30.4
30.3
30.1
31.2
31.1
1330
1180
1020
811
660
1.70
1.51
1.32
1.06
0.867
26.7
23.8
20.7
16.6
13.6
41.7
36.9
32.0
25.5
20.8
35.7
35.9
36.0
36.1
36.2
0.386
0.344
0.301
0.252
0.207
12.0
10.7
9.41
7.83
6.47
12.7
11.4
9.99
8.06
6.67
19.7
17.4
15.2
12.4
10.1
17.0
17.1
17.2
17.6
17.7
106
106
106
106
10 mm
About y-axis
mm
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and
fu = 450 MPa).
2. Full section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.11(b)
DIMENSIONS and
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0


DIMENSIONS
SECTION PROPERTIES
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
Actual
Thickness
t
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
53.0
53.0
53.0
53.0
53.0
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
4.0
4.0
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
6.0
4.7
3.8
2.4
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
mm
mm
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
Co-ordinates
of
Centroid
y1 = y4
x2 = x3
x5
Full
Area of
Section
Af
Ix
Zx1 = Zx4
Sx
rx
Iy
Zy2 = Zy3
Zy5
Sy
ry
mm
mm2
106mm4
103mm3
103mm3
mm
106mm4
103mm3
103mm3
103mm3
mm
26.9
26.8
26.7
26.8
26.7
25.1
25.0
24.8
25.9
25.8
1090
966
836
670
546
0.957
0.854
0.747
0.601
0.495
18.0
16.1
14.1
11.3
9.34
28.4
25.2
21.9
17.5
14.3
29.6
29.7
29.9
30.0
30.1
0.213
0.190
0.167
0.142
0.117
7.89
7.10
6.26
5.29
4.39
8.46
7.62
6.73
5.48
4.55
13.2
11.8
10.2
8.44
6.93
13.9
14.0
14.1
14.6
14.7
46.0
46.0
46.0
23.1
23.3
23.2
21.3
22.4
22.2
716
576
470
0.477
0.386
0.318
10.4
8.39
6.93
16.2
13.0
10.7
25.8
25.9
26.0
0.104
0.0902
0.0747
4.52
3.87
3.22
4.91
4.03
3.36
7.50
6.24
5.13
12.1
12.5
12.6
8.0
4.0
4.0
2.5
35.4
35.4
35.4
35.4
17.8
18.0
17.9
17.8
16.0
17.1
16.9
17.2
536
435
356
230
0.208
0.170
0.141
0.0930
5.89
4.80
3.99
2.63
9.29
7.53
6.20
4.04
19.7
19.8
19.9
20.1
0.0434
0.0389
0.0324
0.0221
2.44
2.16
1.81
1.24
2.71
2.28
1.91
1.28
4.18
3.56
2.94
1.95
9.00
9.45
9.54
9.79
3.8
2.4
4.0
2.5
31.8
31.8
16.1
16.0
15.2
15.4
318
206
0.102
0.0673
3.19
2.11
4.98
3.25
17.9
18.1
0.0231
0.0159
1.43
0.990
1.52
1.03
2.35
1.57
8.52
8.77
2.20
1.43
3.8
2.4
4.0
2.5
28.3
28.3
14.3
14.3
13.4
13.7
280
182
0.0702
0.0468
2.48
1.65
3.89
2.55
15.8
16.0
0.0157
0.0110
1.10
0.768
1.17
0.801
1.82
1.22
7.50
7.75
1.06
2.4
2.5
21.2
10.7
10.2
134
0.0191
0.902
1.40
11.9
0.00438
0.408
0.431
0.664
5.71
About x-axis
About y-axis
fu = 450 MPa).
3-3
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
3-4
Table 3.12(a)
DIMENSIONS and
about non-principal n- and p-axes


DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Actual
Thickness
t
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
SECTION PROPERTIES
Coordinates
of
Centroid
pB = nL
pT = nR
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
rn = rp
Product of
2nd Moment
of Area
Inp
About n- and p-axes
In = Ip
6
ZnB = ZpL
4
10 mm
mm
106mm4
5.13
4.54
3.93
3.14
125
111
97.4
79.1
47.2
41.6
35.9
28.4
85.2
75.1
64.8
51.2
47.3
47.4
47.6
47.7
-3.17
-2.80
-2.42
-1.91
2290
2020
1740
1380
Sn = Sp
10 mm
10 mm
ZnT = ZpR
10 mm
mm
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
41.2
40.8
40.4
39.6
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
34.9
34.5
34.1
33.4
33.0
90.1
90.5
90.9
91.6
92.0
1890
1670
1440
1140
926
2.92
2.58
2.24
1.80
1.47
83.5
74.9
65.7
53.8
44.5
32.4
28.6
24.7
19.6
16.0
58.5
51.6
44.6
35.3
28.8
39.2
39.4
39.5
39.7
39.8
-1.81
-1.60
-1.39
-1.10
-0.896
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
28.7
28.3
27.9
27.1
26.8
71.3
71.7
72.1
72.9
73.2
1490
1320
1140
905
736
1.45
1.29
1.12
0.905
0.742
50.6
45.6
40.3
33.4
27.7
20.4
18.0
15.6
12.4
10.1
36.8
32.5
28.2
22.4
18.3
31.2
31.3
31.5
31.6
31.7
-0.910
-0.808
-0.703
-0.555
-0.454
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
26.2
25.8
25.4
24.6
24.3
63.8
64.2
64.6
65.4
65.7
1330
1180
1020
811
660
1.04
0.928
0.809
0.654
0.537
39.8
36.0
31.9
26.6
22.1
16.3
14.5
12.5
10.0
8.16
29.5
26.1
22.7
18.0
14.7
27.9
28.1
28.2
28.4
28.5
-0.657
-0.584
-0.509
-0.402
-0.330
NOTES:
109
109
110
110
Full
Area of
Section
Af
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.12(b)
DIMENSIONS and
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0


DIMENSIONS
SECTION PROPERTIES
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
Actual
Thickness
t
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
Full
Area of
Section
Af
In = Ip
ZnB = ZpL
ZnT = ZpR
Sn = Sp
rn = rp
Product of
2nd Moment
of Area
Inp
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm2
106 mm4
103mm3
103 mm3
103mm3
mm
106mm4
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
22.5
22.1
21.7
20.9
20.5
52.5
52.9
53.3
54.1
54.5
1090
966
836
670
546
0.585
0.522
0.457
0.372
0.306
26.0
23.7
21.1
17.8
14.9
11.1
9.87
8.57
6.86
5.62
20.1
17.8
15.5
12.4
10.1
23.1
23.2
23.4
23.5
23.7
- 0.372
- 0.332
- 0.290
- 0.230
- 0.189
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
4.0
4.0
19.2
18.4
18.0
45.8
46.6
47.0
716
576
470
0.291
0.238
0.197
15.2
13.0
10.9
6.35
5.10
4.18
11.5
9.22
7.56
20.2
20.3
20.5
- 0.186
- 0.148
- 0.122
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
6.0
4.7
3.8
2.4
8.0
4.0
4.0
2.5
15.4
14.6
14.3
13.6
34.6
35.4
35.7
36.4
536
435
356
230
0.126
0.104
0.0868
0.0576
8.15
7.14
6.08
4.23
3.64
2.95
2.43
1.58
6.59
5.33
4.39
2.86
15.3
15.5
15.6
15.8
- 0.0823
- 0.0655
- 0.0544
- 0.0355
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
3.8
2.4
4.0
2.5
13.0
12.4
32.0
32.6
318
206
0.0623
0.0416
4.79
3.36
1.95
1.27
3.52
2.30
14.0
14.2
- 0.0392
- 0.0257
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
3.8
2.4
4.0
2.5
11.8
11.1
28.2
28.9
280
182
0.0430
0.0289
3.65
2.60
1.52
0.999
2.75
1.80
12.4
12.6
- 0.0272
- 0.0179
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
2.4
2.5
21.4
134
0.0118
1.37
0.550
0.994
mm
mm
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
Coordinates
of
Centroid
pB = nL
pT = nR
8.61
About n- and p-axes
9.35
- 0.00738
fu = 450 MPa).
3-5
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
3-6
Table 3.13(a)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN


DIMENSIONS
RATIOS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
GRADE
Yield
Stress
b1 - ro
t
b 2 - ro
t
fy
Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
MPa
mm2
About x-axis
Ae
Af
About y-axis
Iex1 = Iex4
Zex1 = Zex4
Iey2,3
Zey2,3
Iey5
Zey5
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
16.8
19.3
22.7
30.1
16.8
19.3
22.7
30.1
400
400
450
450
1610
1280
929
572
0.701
0.632
0.535
0.416
5.74
4.48
3.22
1.99
60.8
49.4
37.6
25.3
1.56
1.21
0.856
0.544
31.4
25.5
19.3
13.2
1.96
1.74
1.51
1.23
36.7
32.6
28.3
23.0
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
13.6
15.7
18.5
24.7
30.8
13.6
15.7
18.5
24.7
30.8
400
400
450
450
450
1530
1230
902
560
379
0.809
0.736
0.628
0.491
0.409
3.90
3.06
2.20
1.34
0.917
46.9
38.3
29.1
19.4
14.0
1.05
0.824
0.584
0.368
0.248
23.9
19.6
14.8
10.2
7.31
1.11
0.981
0.853
0.699
0.572
24.7
22.0
19.2
15.7
12.9
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
10.5
12.1
14.3
19.4
24.3
10.5
12.1
14.3
19.4
24.3
400
400
450
450
450
1410
1150
859
541
370
0.946
0.872
0.756
0.598
0.502
2.36
1.90
1.38
0.837
0.567
33.4
27.7
21.3
14.1
10.2
0.542
0.483
0.363
0.230
0.154
15.1
13.5
10.7
7.37
5.28
0.542
0.483
0.421
0.350
0.287
15.1
13.5
11.9
9.80
8.08
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
9.25
10.7
12.7
17.3
21.6
9.25
10.7
12.7
17.3
21.6
400
400
450
450
450
1330
1100
834
530
364
1.00
0.936
0.821
0.654
0.552
1.70
1.50
1.10
0.672
0.454
26.7
23.6
18.3
12.2
8.76
0.386
0.344
0.287
0.185
0.123
12.0
10.7
9.10
6.33
4.54
0.386
0.344
0.301
0.252
0.207
12.0
10.7
9.41
7.83
6.47
NOTES:
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
2.
Ae is calculated for sections with uniform axial compressive stress fy.
3.
Ie and Ze are calculated with the extreme compression or tension fibres at fy (first yield). Ze is calculated at the extreme tension or compression fibre of the effective section.
4.
Iex1 and Zex1 are for compression at point "1"; Iex4 and Zex4 are for compression at point "4"; Iey2,3 and Zey2,3 are for compression at points "2" and "3"; Iey5 and Zey5 are for compression at point "5".
5.
Effective section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.13(b)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0


DIMENSIONS
RATIOS
Mass
per
metre
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
7.38
8.57
10.2
14.1
17.7
7.38
8.57
10.2
14.1
17.7
400
400
450
450
450
1090
966
781
508
353
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
6.0
4.7
3.8
14.0
8.7
7.8
8.50
12.0
15.1
8.50
12.0
15.1
450
450
450
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
6.0
4.7
3.8
2.4
14.0
8.7
7.8
4.9
6.00
8.79
11.1
18.8
6.00
8.79
11.1
18.8
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
3.8
2.4
7.8
4.9
9.79
16.7
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
3.8
2.4
7.8
4.9
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
2.4
4.9
mm
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
Yield
Stress
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
GRADE
b1 - ro
t
b 2 - ro
t
fy
Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
MPa
mm2
About x-axis
Ae
Af
About y-axis
Iex1 = Iex4
Zex1 = Zex4
Iey2,3
Zey2,3
Iey5
Zey5
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
1.00
1.00
0.934
0.759
0.646
0.957
0.854
0.735
0.458
0.310
18.0
16.1
13.9
9.41
6.78
0.213
0.190
0.167
0.125
0.0840
7.89
7.10
6.26
4.84
3.49
0.213
0.190
0.167
0.142
0.117
7.89
7.10
6.26
5.29
4.39
716
487
342
1.00
0.846
0.727
0.477
0.337
0.230
10.4
7.65
5.54
0.104
0.0902
0.0619
4.52
3.87
2.83
0.104
0.0902
0.0747
4.52
3.87
3.22
450
450
450
350
536
435
316
156
1.00
1.00
0.888
0.676
0.208
0.170
0.131
0.0615
5.89
4.80
3.78
1.98
0.0434
0.0389
0.0324
0.0169
2.44
2.16
1.81
1.03
0.0434
0.0389
0.0324
0.0221
2.44
2.16
1.81
1.24
9.79
16.7
450
350
303
152
0.952
0.736
0.102
0.0494
3.19
1.71
0.0231
0.0135
1.43
0.884
0.0231
0.0159
1.43
0.990
8.47
14.6
8.47
14.6
450
350
280
147
1.00
0.806
0.0702
0.0385
2.48
1.45
0.0157
0.0104
1.10
0.740
0.0157
0.0110
1.10
0.768
10.5
10.5
350
132
0.980
0.0191
0.902
0.00438
0.408
0.00438
0.408
3-7
fu = 450 MPa).
2. Ae is calculated for sections with uniform axial compressive stress fy.
3. Ie and Ze are calculated with the extreme compression or tension fibres at fy (first yield). Ze is calculated at the extreme tension or compression fibre of the effective section.
4. Iex1 and Zex1 are for compression at point "1"; Iex4 and Zex4 are for compression at point "4"; Iey2,3 and Zey2,3 are for compression at points "2" and "3"; Iey5 and Zey5 are for compression at point "5".
5. Effective section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
3-8
Table 3.14(a)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN


DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
RATIOS
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
kg/m
mm
mm
GRADE
Yield
Stress
b1 - ro
t
b 2 - ro
t
fy

Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
About n-and p-axes
Ae
Af
MPa
mm
IenT = IepR
6
10 mm
ZenT = ZepR
3
10 mm
IenB = IepL
6
ZenB = ZepL
10 mm
103 mm3
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
16.8
19.3
22.7
30.1
16.8
19.3
22.7
30.1
400
400
450
450
1610
1280
929
572
0.701
0.632
0.535
0.416
3.17
2.31
1.47
0.791
33.8
26.1
18.1
11.0
5.04
4.32
3.53
2.57
46.8
40.7
34.1
25.9
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
13.6
15.7
18.5
24.7
30.8
13.6
15.7
18.5
24.7
30.8
400
400
450
450
450
1530
1230
902
560
379
0.809
0.736
0.628
0.491
0.409
2.34
1.73
1.11
0.594
0.357
27.8
21.7
15.2
9.13
6.01
2.92
2.57
2.13
1.57
1.20
32.4
28.5
24.1
18.4
14.5
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
10.5
12.1
14.3
19.4
24.3
10.5
12.1
14.3
19.4
24.3
400
400
450
450
450
1410
1150
859
541
370
0.946
0.872
0.756
0.598
0.502
1.45
1.18
0.782
0.421
0.252
20.4
16.9
12.1
7.32
4.81
1.45
1.29
1.12
0.847
0.653
20.4
18.0
15.6
12.0
9.55
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
9.25
10.7
12.7
17.3
21.6
9.25
10.7
12.7
17.3
21.6
400
400
450
450
450
1330
1100
834
530
364
1.00
0.936
0.821
0.654
0.552
1.04
0.928
0.657
0.357
0.214
16.3
14.5
10.8
6.58
4.33
1.04
0.928
0.809
0.629
0.489
16.3
14.5
12.5
9.83
7.82
NOTES:
1.
Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
2.
Ae is calculated for sections with uniform axial compressive stress fy.
3.
Ie and Ze are calculated with the extreme compression or tension fibres at fy (first yield). Ze is calculated at the extreme tension or compression fibre of the effective section.
4.
IenT and ZenT are for compression at point "T"; IenB and ZenB are for compression at point "B"; IepR and ZepR are for compression at point "R"; IepL and ZepL are for compression at point "L".
5.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.14(b)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0


DIMENSIONS
RATIOS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b 2 ness
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
kg/m
mm
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
8.0
7.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
16.0
15.0
14.0
8.7
7.8
7.38
8.57
10.2
14.1
17.7
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
6.0
4.7
3.8
14.0
8.7
7.8
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
6.0
4.7
3.8
2.4
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
GRADE
Yield
Stress
fy
Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
MPa
mm2
7.38
8.57
10.2
14.1
17.7
400
400
450
450
450
1090
966
781
508
353
8.50
12.0
15.1
8.50
12.0
15.1
450
450
450
14.0
8.7
7.8
4.9
6.00
8.79
11.1
18.8
6.00
8.79
11.1
18.8
3.8
2.4
7.8
4.9
9.79
16.7
2.20
1.43
3.8
2.4
7.8
4.9
1.06
2.4
4.9
b1 - ro
t
b2 - ro
t
About n- and p-axes
Ae
Af
IenT = IepR
ZenT = ZepR
IenB = IepL
ZenB = ZepL
106 mm4
103mm3
106 mm4
103 mm3
1.00
1.00
0.934
0.759
0.646
0.585
0.522
0.457
0.266
0.162
11.1
9.87
8.57
5.45
3.62
0.585
0.522
0.457
0.372
0.293
11.1
9.87
8.57
6.86
5.51
716
487
342
1.00
0.846
0.727
0.291
0.208
0.129
6.35
4.65
3.13
0.291
0.238
0.195
6.35
5.10
4.17
450
450
450
350
536
435
316
156
1.00
1.00
0.888
0.676
0.126
0.104
0.0821
0.0333
3.64
2.95
2.34
1.08
0.126
0.104
0.0868
0.0560
3.64
2.95
2.43
1.56
9.79
16.7
450
350
303
152
0.952
0.736
0.0623
0.0281
1.95
0.972
0.0623
0.0414
1.95
1.27
8.47
14.6
8.47
14.6
450
350
280
147
1.00
0.806
0.0430
0.0231
1.52
0.856
0.0430
0.0289
1.52
0.9999
10.5
10.5
350
132
0.980
0.0118
0.550
0.0118
0.550
3-9
fu = 450 MPa).
4. IenT and ZenT are for compression at point "T"; IenB and ZenB are for compression at point "B"; IepR and ZepR are for compression at point "R"; IepL and ZepL are for compression at point "L".
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
Table 3.15
SECTION PROPERTIES
to calculate MEMBER STABILITY
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0

Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Torsion
Constant
Coordinate
of
Shear Centre
xo
Polar Radius of
Gyration about the
Shear Centre
ro1
Monosymmetry
Section
Constant
y
kg/m
103mm4
mm
mm
mm
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
49.0
32.9
20.8
10.1
51.6
51.8
52.0
52.2
84.3
84.6
84.9
85.2
206
207
208
209
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
40.4
27.2
17.2
8.39
4.46
42.8
43.0
43.1
43.4
43.5
69.9
70.1
70.4
70.8
71.1
171
172
173
173
174
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
31.9
21.5
13.6
6.66
3.54
33.9
34.1
34.3
34.5
34.7
55.4
55.7
56.0
56.4
56.6
136
136
137
138
139
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
28.5
19.2
12.2
5.97
3.18
30.4
30.6
30.8
31.0
31.1
49.7
49.9
50.2
50.6
50.9
122
122
123
124
125
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
23.4
15.8
10.0
4.93
2.63
25.1
25.3
25.5
25.7
25.8
41.0
41.3
41.6
41.9
42.2
100
101
102
103
103
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
8.59
4.24
2.26
21.9
22.2
22.3
35.8
36.2
36.4
87.7
88.6
89.2
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
6.43
3.20
1.71
0.442
16.6
16.8
17.0
17.3
27.1
27.5
27.8
28.2
66.5
67.4
68.0
69.0
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
1.53
0.396
15.2
15.5
24.9
25.3
61.0
61.9
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
1.35
0.350
13.5
13.7
22.0
22.4
53.9
54.9
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
0.258
10.2
16.6
40.7
NOTES:
3-10
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm
fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
2. With the exception of J, properties are calculated assuming a simplified shape where the bends are eliminated and the
section is represented by straight mid-lines in accordance with Clause 2.1.2.1 of AS/NZS 4600.
3. bx is zero for equal angles.
4. Iw is equal to zero for angles.
5. The shear centre is assumed to be located at the intersection of the centre lines of the angle legs.

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Unequal Angles
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

3-11
Unequal Angles
3-12
Table 3.21
DIMENSIONS and

DuraGal Unequal Angles

DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
mm
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
Actual
Thickness
t
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
6.0
4.7
3.8
8.0
4.0
4.0
50.0
50.6
50.8
39.2
38.4
38.3
14.9
14.4
14.1
25.3
26.1
26.1
17.8
18.5
18.3
Coordinates of Centroid
y1
y4
x2
Tan
x3
x5
0.472
0.462
0.464
SECTION PROPERTIES
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Full
Area of
Section
Af
2
About x-axis
Ix
6
kg/m
mm
10 mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
686
553
451
0.464
0.378
0.312
Zx1
4
Zx4
3
10 mm
10 mm
9.29
7.47
6.15
11.9
9.83
8.15
About y-axis
Sx
3
rx
3
Iy
6
10 mm
mm
10 mm
15.7
12.7
10.4
26.0
26.2
26.3
0.0731
0.0631
0.0524
Zy2
4
10 mm
4.89
4.38
3.71
Zy3
3
Zy5
3
10 mm
10 mm
2.89
2.42
2.01
4.10
3.42
2.87
Sy
3
ry
3
10 mm
mm
5.97
4.96
4.08
10.3
10.7
10.8
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.22
DIMENSIONS and


DIMENSIONS
SECTION PROPERTIES
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
nR
Full
Area of
Section
Af
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm2
5.38
4.34
3.54
25.7
24.8
24.4
49.3
50.2
50.6
12.7
12.0
11.7
37.3
38.0
38.3
686
553
451
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
pB
Coordinates
of
Centroid
pT
nL
About n-axis
In
ZnB
ZnT
Sn
106mm4 103 mm3 103mm3 103mm3

0.393
0.323
0.266
15.3
13.0
10.9
7.98
6.43
5.26
rp
Product of
2nd Moment
of Area
Inp
mm
106mm4
14.5
14.6
14.8
-0.151
-0.120
-0.0991
About p-axis
14.2
11.5
9.43
rn
mm
23.9
24.2
24.3
Ip
ZpL
ZpR
Sp
106mm4 103mm3 103mm3 103mm3

0.144
0.119
0.0983
11.4
9.86
8.44
3.87
3.12
2.57
6.97
5.56
4.54
1.Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and
fu = 450 MPa).
3-13
Unequal Angles
Unequal Angles
3-14
Table 3.23
LIMIT STATE DESIGN


DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
mm
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
RATIOS
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
kg/m
mm
mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
6.0
4.7
3.8
14.0
8.7
7.8
GRADE
Yield
Stress
b1 - ro
t
10.2
14.1
17.7
b 2 - ro
t
6.00
8.79
11.1
fy

Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
About x-axis
Ae
Af
MPa
mm
450
450
450
658
472
334
Iex1
6
0.960
0.854
0.741
Zex1
4
10 mm
10 mm
0.464
0.286
0.185
9.29
6.17
4.30
About y-axis
Iex4
3
10 mm
0.464
0.378
0.309
Zex4
4
Iey2,3
3
10 mm
10 mm
9.29
7.47
6.10
0.0731
0.0631
0.0520
Zey2,3
4
10 mm
2.89
2.42
1.99
Iey5
3
Zey5
4
10 mm
103mm3
0.0731
0.0631
0.0524
2.89
2.42
2.01
fu = 450 MPa).
4. Iex1 and Zex1 are for compression at point "1"; Iex4 and Zex4 are for compression at point "4".
Iey2,3 and Zey2,3 are for compression at points "2" and "3"; Iey5 and Zey5 are for compression at point "5".
5. Effective section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.24
LIMIT STATE DESIGN



DIMENSIONS
RATIOS
Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
mm
kg/m
mm
mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
6.0
4.7
3.8
14.0
8.7
7.8
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Actual Outside
Thick- Corner
ness Radius
t
ro
GRADE
Yield
Stress
b1 - ro
t
10.2
14.1
17.7
b 2 - ro
t
6.00
8.79
11.1
fy
Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
MPa
mm2
450
450
450
658
472
334
About n-axis
Ae
Af
0.960
0.854
0.741
About p-axis
IenT
ZenT
IenB
ZenB
IepR
ZepR
IepL
ZepL
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
0.393
0.243
0.153
7.98
5.29
3.59
0.393
0.323
0.266
7.98
6.43
5.26
0.144
0.119
0.0909
3.87
3.12
2.43
0.144
0.119
0.0967
3.87
3.12
2.55
fu = 450 MPa).
4. IenT and ZenT are for compression at point "T"; IenB and ZenB are for compression at point "B";
IepR and ZepR are for compression at point "R"; IepL and ZepL are for compression at point "L".
3-15
Unequal Angles
Table 3.25
SECTION PROPERTIES
Unequal Angles

Designation
Nominal
Leg Size Thickb1
b2 ness
Mass
per
metre
Torsion
Constant
mm
kg/m
103mm4
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
8.23
4.07
2.17
17.3
17.6
17.7
16.2
16.2
16.2
36.6
36.9
37.2
39.2
39.2
39.3
79.2
80.2
80.8
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
3-16
Coordinates
of
Shear Centre
xo
yo
Polar Radius of
Gyration about the
Shear Centre
ro1
Monosymmetry
Section
Constants
x
y
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450
MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
3. Iw is equal to zero for angles.
4. The shear centre is assumed to be located at the intersection of the centre lines of the angle legs.

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Channels
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

3-17
Channels
3-18
Table 3.31
DIMENSIONS and

DuraGal Channels
DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Thickd
bf
ness
mm
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Actual
Thickness
t
SECTION PROPERTIES
Inside
Corner
Radius
ri
Depth
Between
Flanges
d - 2t
Coord.
of
Centroid
xL
Full
Area of
Section
Af
2
About x-axis
Ix
6
Zx
4
10 mm
About y-axis
Sx
3
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
10 mm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
8.0
7.0
6.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
284
286
288
20.3
19.9
19.5
3630
3190
2750
44.2
39.2
34.0
294
261
227
10 mm
359
317
275
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
6.0
8.0
238
21.6
2450
21.9
176
210
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
6.0
8.0
218
17.5
2150
15.7
137
166
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
6.0
4.7
8.0
4.0
188
191
18.8
18.1
1970
1580
11.2
9.18
112
91.8
135
109
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
4.7
4.0
171
19.1
1480
7.16
79.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
4.7
4.0
141
20.9
1340
4.67
62.3
117
rx
3
mm
Iy
6
ZyR
4
ZyL
3
ry
3
10 mm
10 mm
10 mm
10 mm
2.44
2.17
1.89
35.0
30.9
26.8
120
109
96.6
62.1
54.6
47.1
25.9
26.1
26.2
94.6
1.79
26.2
83.3
46.4
27.1
85.5
1.05
18.2
59.8
32.2
22.0
75.5
76.4
1.00
0.812
17.9
14.3
53.4
44.9
31.8
25.3
22.6
22.7
93.7
69.5
0.787
14.1
41.2
25.1
23.1
72.5
59.0
0.743
13.7
35.6
24.8
23.5
15.1
110
111
111
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
3.8
4.0
18.3
921
2.25
36.1
41.8
49.5
0.388
8.32
21.2
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
3.8
4.0
92.4
14.3
712
1.08
21.7
25.4
39.0
0.174
4.86
12.2
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
3.8
4.0
67.4
12.1
541
0.457
12.2
14.4
29.1
0.0840
3.01
NOTES:
Sy
3
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 (for t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
6.93
mm
20.5
8.78
15.6
5.46
12.5
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.32
LIMIT STATE DESIGN


DuraGal Channels
DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Thickd
bf
ness
mm
mm
mm
RATIOS
Mass Actual Outside Depth

per Thick- Corner Between
metre ness Radius Flanges (d - 2ro)
t
ro
d - 2t
t
GRADE
Yield
Stress
(b - ro)
t
de
(d - 2ro)
be
(b - ro)
Ae
Af
fy
Effective
Area of
Section
Ae
Iex
Zex
IeyR
ZeyR
IeyL
ZeyL
MPa
mm2
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
106mm4
103mm3
About x-axis
About y-axis
kg/m
mm
mm
mm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
8.0
7.0
6.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
284
286
288
33.5
38.6
45.3
9.25
10.7
12.7
0.915
0.835
0.712
1.00
0.929
0.801
0.950
0.879
0.763
400
400
450
3450
2810
2100
44.2
38.3
32.0
294
253
206
2.44
2.17
1.46
35.0
30.9
22.4
2.44
2.17
1.89
35.0
30.9
26.8
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
6.0
14.0
238
37.0
12.7
0.825
0.801
0.831
450
2040
20.5
158
1.41
22.2
1.79
26.2
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
6.0
14.0
218
33.7
10.2
0.879
0.925
0.906
450
1950
15.4
132
1.05
18.2
1.05
18.2
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
6.0
4.7
14.0
8.7
188
191
28.7
38.9
10.2
14.1
0.968
0.797
0.925
0.741
0.955
0.787
450
450
1880
1240
11.0
8.37
108
79.5
1.00
0.560
17.9
11.0
1.00
0.812
17.9
14.3
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
4.7
8.7
171
34.6
14.1
0.863
0.741
0.820
450
1220
6.50
68.4
0.550
11.0
0.787
14.1
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
10.9
0.743
13.7
4.7
8.7
141
28.2
14.1
0.977
0.741
0.869
450
1160
4.22
52.9
0.532
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
3.8
7.8
117
28.8
15.1
0.966
0.705
0.845
450
779
2.00
29.8
0.256
6.24
0.388
8.32
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
3.8
7.8
92.4
22.2
11.1
1.00
0.875
0.944
450
672
1.04
20.1
0.164
4.67
0.174
4.86
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
3.8
7.8
67.4
15.6
1.00
1.00
1.00
450
541
0.457
12.2
0.0840
3.01
0.0840
3.01
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
8.47
Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 (for t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450 MPa).
de and be are the effective widths of the web and flange respectively.
de, be and Ae are calculated for sections with uniform axial compressive stress fy.
IeyL and ZeyL are for compression at point "L"; IeyR and ZeyR are for compression at point "R".
3-19
Channels
Table 3.33
SECTION PROPERTIES
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
Thickd
bf ness
Channels
mm
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Torsion
Constant
J
kg/m
103mm4
Warping
Constant
Iw
Coordinate
of
Shear Centre
xo
Polar Radius of
Gyration about the
Shear Centre
ro1
Monosymmetry
Section
Constant
y
109mm6
mm
mm
mm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
77.4
52.2
33.0
37.7
33.7
29.6
43.4
43.7
44.0
122
123
123
338
339
340
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
29.4
19.2
47.8
110
273
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
25.8
9.48
37.8
96.7
254
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
23.7
11.6
6.78
5.52
40.2
40.6
89.0
89.7
217
218
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
10.9
4.29
42.4
84.9
197
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
9.87
2.77
45.4
78.3
171
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
4.43
1.01
40.0
67.0
145
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
3.43
0.285
30.1
51.8
113
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
2.60
0.0760
24.4
40.1
NOTES:
3-20
85.9
1. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 (for t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and
fu = 450 MPa).
3. bx is zero for channels.

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Flats
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 3.4(a)
DIMENSIONS and
about principal x- and y-axes and baseline axis

DuraGal Flats
DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Width Thickw
ness
GRADE
Mass
per
metre
Actual
Thickness
t
Yield
Stress
kg/m
mm
300 x 8.0 CF
6.0 CF
5.0 CF
18.8
14.1
11.1
250 x 8.0 CF
6.0 CF
5.0 CF
200 x 8.0 CF
6.0 CF
5.0 CF
mm
mm
150 x 8.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CF
CF
CF
CF
SECTION PROPERTIES
About
1-axis
fy
Full
Area of
Section
Af
I1
Ix
Zx
Sx
rx
Iy
Zy
Sy
ry
MPa
mm2
106mm4
106mm4
103mm3
103mm3
mm
106mm4
103mm3
103mm3
mm
103mm4
8.0
6.0
4.7
350
400
400
2400
1800
1410
72.0
54.0
42.3
18.0
13.5
10.6
120
90.0
70.5
180
135
106
86.6
86.6
86.6
0.0128
0.00540
0.00260
3.20
1.80
1.10
4.80
2.70
1.66
2.31
1.73
1.36
51.2
21.6
10.4
15.7
11.8
9.22
8.0
6.0
4.7
350
400
400
2000
1500
1180
41.7
31.3
24.5
10.4
7.81
6.12
83.3
62.5
49.0
125
93.8
73.4
72.2
72.2
72.2
0.0107
0.00450
0.00216
2.67
1.50
0.920
4.00
2.25
1.38
2.31
1.73
1.36
42.7
18.0
8.65
12.6
9.42
7.38
8.0
6.0
4.7
350
400
400
1600
1200
940
21.3
16.0
12.5
5.33
4.00
3.13
53.3
40.0
31.3
80.0
60.0
47.0
57.7
57.7
57.7
0.00853
0.00360
0.00173
2.13
1.20
0.736
3.20
1.80
1.10
2.31
1.73
1.36
34.1
14.4
6.92
9.42
7.07
5.53
4.47
8.0
6.0
4.7
3.8
350
400
400
400
1200
900
705
570
2.25
1.69
1.32
1.07
30.0
22.5
17.6
14.3
45.0
33.8
26.4
21.4
43.3
43.3
43.3
43.3
0.00640
0.00270
0.00130
0.000686
1.60
0.900
0.552
0.361
2.40
1.35
0.828
0.542
2.31
1.73
1.36
1.10
25.6
10.8
5.19
2.74
9.00
6.75
5.29
4.28
About x-axis
Torsion
Constant
About y-axis
2. Section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
3-21
3-22
Table 3.4(b)
DIMENSIONS and
about principal x- and y-axes and baseline axis

DuraGal Flats
DIMENSIONS
Designation
Nominal
Width Thickw
ness
mm
Actual
Thickness
t
Yield
Stress
fy
SECTION PROPERTIES
Full
Area of
Section
Af
2
About
1-axis
About x-axis
I1
6
Ix
4
10 mm
Zx
4
10 mm
Sx
3
rx
3
10 mm
Iy
Zy
3
1.73
1.36
1.10
9.36
4.50
2.38
0.600
0.368
0.241
0.900
0.552
0.361
1.73
1.36
1.10
7.20
3.46
1.83
0.000649
0.000343
0.276
0.181
0.414
0.271
1.36
1.10
2.60
1.37
18.8
18.8
0.000562
0.000297
0.239
0.156
0.359
0.235
1.36
1.10
2.25
1.19
14.4
14.4
0.000433
0.000229
0.184
0.120
0.276
0.181
1.36
1.10
1.73
0.915
mm
10 mm
130 x 6.0 CF
5.0 CF
4.0 CF
6.12
4.80
3.88
6.0
4.7
3.8
400
400
400
780
611
494
4.39
3.44
2.78
1.10
0.860
0.696
16.9
13.2
10.7
25.4
19.9
16.1
37.5
37.5
37.5
0.00234
0.00112
0.000594
0.780
0.479
0.313
100 x 6.0 CF
5.0 CF
4.0 CF
4.71
3.69
2.98
6.0
4.7
3.8
400
400
400
600
470
380
2.00
1.57
1.27
0.500
0.392
0.317
10.0
7.83
6.33
15.0
11.8
9.50
28.9
28.9
28.9
0.00180
0.000865
0.000457
75 x 5.0 CF
4.0 CF
2.77
2.24
4.7
3.8
400
400
353
285
0.661
0.534
0.165
0.134
4.41
3.56
6.61
5.34
21.7
21.7
65 x 5.0 CF
4.0 CF
2.40
1.94
4.7
3.8
400
400
306
247
0.430
0.348
0.108
0.0870
3.31
2.68
4.96
4.01
50 x 5.0 CF
4.0 CF
1.84
1.49
4.7
3.8
400
400
235
190
0.196
0.158
0.0490
0.0396
1.96
1.58
2.94
2.38
2. Section properties are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
10 mm
10 mm
1.17
0.718
0.469
MPa
ry
10 mm4
10 mm
Sy
mm
mm
mm
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Flats
Torsion
Constant
About y-axis
kg/m
NOTES:
mm
Mass
per
metre
GRADE
SURFACE AREA
CONTENTS
4.1
Page
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 4-1
TABLES
Surface Area for Equal Angles ......................................................................... 4-2
Surface Area for Unequal Angles..................................................................... 4-3
Surface Area for Channels ............................................................................... 4-4
SURFACE AREA
4.1
4.2
4.3
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

SURFACE AREA
4.1
SCOPE
Surface area data may be used in estimating quantities of additional protective coatings. Tables
4.1 to 4.3 include values of external surface area per metre length and external surface area per
tonne.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

4-1
Equal Angles
Table 4.1
SURFACE AREAS
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2 Thickness
mm mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Profile
Distance
Profile
Surface
Area
Profile
Surface
Area
kg/m
mm
m2/m
m2/tonne
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
590
590
591
595
0.590
0.590
0.591
0.595
32.7
37.3
43.3
55.1
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
490
490
491
495
495
0.490
0.490
0.491
0.495
0.495
32.9
37.5
43.5
55.3
68.1
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
390
390
391
395
395
0.390
0.390
0.391
0.395
0.395
33.2
37.8
43.8
55.5
68.4
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
350
350
351
355
355
0.350
0.350
0.351
0.355
0.355
33.4
37.9
44.0
55.7
68.5
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
290
290
291
295
295
0.290
0.290
0.291
0.295
0.295
33.7
38.2
44.3
56.0
68.8
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
251
255
255
0.251
0.255
0.255
44.6
56.3
69.1
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
191
195
195
197
0.191
0.195
0.195
0.197
45.3
57.0
69.8
109
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
175
177
0.175
0.177
70.1
109
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
155
157
0.155
0.157
70.5
110
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
117
0.117
111
4-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 4.2
SURFACE AREAS
Designation
Nominal
b1
b2 Thickness
mm mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Mass
per
metre
Profile
Distance
Profile
Surface
Area
Profile
Surface
Area
kg/m
mm
m2/m
m2/tonne
5.38
4.34
3.54
241
245
245
0.241
0.245
0.245
44.7
56.4
69.2

Unequal Angles
4-3
Table 4.3
SURFACE AREAS
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
d
bf Thickness
Mass
per
metre
Profile
Distance
Profile
Surface
Area
Profile
Surface
Area
Profile Distance
Less
1 Flange Face
kg/m
mm
m2/m
m2/tonne
mm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
923
926
929
0.923
0.926
0.929
32.4
37.0
43.0
849
851
853
0.849
0.851
0.853
29.8
34.0
39.5
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
829
0.829
43.1
753
0.753
39.1
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
729
0.729
43.2
668
0.668
39.6
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
669
680
0.669
0.680
43.2
55.0
608
613
0.608
0.613
39.3
49.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
640
0.640
55.0
573
0.573
49.3
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
580
0.580
55.1
513
0.513
48.8
Channels
mm mm
mm
Profile Surface Area

Less 1 Flange Face
m2/m
m2/tonne
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
492
0.492
68.1
435
0.435
60.2
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
382
0.382
68.4
340
0.340
60.9
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
292
0.292
68.8
260
0.260
61.3
4-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

CONTENTS
Page
5.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 5-1
5.2
DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................... 5-1
TABLES
Exposed Surface Area to Mass Ratio (ksm)
Equal Angles with Vertical Leg Down ............................................................... 5-2
Unequal Angles with Long Leg Down .............................................................. 5-3
Channels .......................................................................................................... 5-4
FIRE ENGINEERING
DATA
5.1
5.2
5.3
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001


5.1
SCOPE
To assist in the design of DuraGal angles and channels for fire resistance, values of the exposed
surface area to mass ratio (ksm) are tabulated for various cases shown in Figure 5.1(1).
5.2
DESIGN METHOD
In the absence of Fire Design rules in AS/NZS 4600, reference has been made to Section 12 of
AS 4100 .
For unprotected structural sections the value of ksm corresponding to four- and three- sided
exposure should be taken as those corresponding to Cases 1 and 4 respectively. In these
instances fire protection is necessary where a fire rating is required.
For members requiring the addition of fire protection materials, the Handbook of Fire Protection
Materials for Structural Steel published by AISC[10] may be consulted to determine the thickness
of proprietary material required for given value of ksm and Fire-resistance level. In the AISC
handbook, the exposed surface area to mass ratio (E) may be taken as equivalent to ksm.
Case 1 = Profile-protected
Case 2 = Total Perimeter, Box-protected, No Gap
Case 3 = Total Perimeter, Box-protected, 25 mm Gap
Case 4 = Top Flange Excluded, Profile-protected
Case 5 = Top Flange Excluded, Box-protected, No Gap
Case 6 = Top Flange Excluded, Box-protected, 25 mm Gap
Figure 5.1(1) Cases for Calculation of Exposed Surface Area to Mass Ratio
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

5-1
Table 5.1
Equal Angles
FIRE ENGINEERING
DATA
Vertical Leg Down
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2 Thickness
mm mm mm
Mass
per
metre
kg/m
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
32.7
37.3
43.3
55.1
33.3
37.9
44.0
55.6
44.4
50.5
58.7
74.1
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
32.9
37.5
43.5
55.3
68.1
33.6
38.2
44.4
55.9
68.8
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
33.2
37.8
43.8
55.5
68.4
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
EXPOSED SURFACE AREA TO MASS RATIO ksm (m2/tonne)

Exposure Type
3
4
25.3
28.8
33.4
42.0
25.0
28.4
33.0
41.7
30.5
34.7
40.4
51.0
47.1
53.5
62.1
78.2
96.3
25.6
29.1
33.7
42.3
52.0
25.2
28.7
33.3
41.9
51.6
31.9
36.3
42.1
53.1
65.3
34.1
38.7
44.9
56.3
69.2
51.1
58.1
67.3
84.4
104
26.1
29.5
34.2
42.7
52.4
25.6
29.0
33.7
42.2
51.9
34.1
38.7
44.9
56.3
69.2
33.4
37.9
44.0
55.7
68.5
34.4
39.0
45.2
56.5
69.5
53.4
60.6
70.2
88.0
108
26.3
29.8
34.4
42.9
52.6
25.8
29.2
33.9
42.4
52.1
35.3
40.1
46.4
58.1
71.4
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
33.7
38.2
44.3
56.0
68.8
34.9
39.5
45.7
57.0
70.0
58.2
65.9
76.2
95.1
117
26.8
30.3
35.0
43.4
53.1
26.2
29.7
34.3
42.8
52.5
37.8
42.8
49.5
61.8
75.8
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
44.6
56.3
69.1
46.3
57.5
70.5
81.9
102
125
35.5
43.8
53.6
34.7
43.1
52.9
52.5
65.2
80.0
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
45.3
57.0
69.8
109
47.6
58.6
71.6
111
95.1
117
143
221
36.8
44.9
54.7
83.9
35.7
43.9
53.7
82.9
59.5
73.2
89.5
138
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
70.1
109
72.1
111
152
235
55.2
84.4
54.1
83.3
94.2
145
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
70.5
110
72.8
112
164
251
55.9
85.0
54.6
83.8
100
154
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
111
114
303
86.9
85.3
180
EXPOSURE TYPES:
1 = total perimeter, profile protected
2 = total perimeter, box protected, no gap
3 = total perimeter, box protected, 25 mm gap
4 = top horizontal leg excluded, profile protected
5 = top horizontal leg excluded, box protected, no gap
6 = top horizontal leg excluded, box protected, 25 mm gap
5-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 5.2
FIRE ENGINEERING
DATA
Long Leg Down
Designation
Nominal
b1
b2 Thickness
mm mm mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
Mass
per
metre
kg/m
5.38
4.34
3.54
44.7
56.4
69.2
46.4
57.6
70.6

Exposure Type
3
4
83.6
104
127
38.0
46.9
57.3
37.2
46.1
56.5
55.7
69.2
84.7
EXPOSURE TYPES:
4 = top horizontal short leg excluded, profile protected
5 = top horizontal short leg excluded, box protected, no gap
6 = top horizontal short leg excluded, box protected, 25 mm gap
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

5-3
Unequal Angles
Table 5.3
FIRE ENGINEERING
DATA
Channels
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
d
bf Thickness
mm mm mm
Mass
per
metre
kg/m
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
32.4
37.0
43.0
27.4
31.1
36.1
34.4
39.1
45.4
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
43.1
35.3
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
43.2
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
43.2
55.0
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
Exposure Type
3
4
29.8
34.0
39.5
24.2
27.5
31.9
27.7
31.5
36.6
45.7
39.1
30.7
35.9
36.1
48.0
39.6
31.7
37.6
35.5
44.5
48.5
60.7
39.3
49.6
30.7
38.4
37.2
46.5
55.0
43.9
61.1
49.3
37.4
46.0
55.1
42.8
61.8
48.8
35.6
45.1
68.1
52.6
80.2
60.2
43.6
57.4
89.5
60.9
44.7
62.6
61.3
44.7
68.3
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
68.4
53.7
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
68.8
54.2
101
EXPOSURE TYPES:
4 = top flange excluded, profile protected
5 = top flange excluded, box protected, no gap
6 = top flange excluded, box protected, 25 mm gap
5-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
SECTION CAPACITIES
CONTENTS
Page
6.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 6-1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................... 6-1

General ............................................................................................................ 6-1
Angles in Bending ............................................................................................ 6-1
Channels in Bending ........................................................................................ 6-1
Section Capacities for Equal Angles about Principal x- and y-axes ................ 6-2
Section Capacities for Equal Angles about Non-principal n- and p-axes ......... 6-3
6.21
6.22
Section Capacities for Unequal Angles about Principal x- and y-axes ............ 6-4
Section Capacities for Unequal Angles about Non-principal n- and p-axes .... 6-5
6.3
Section Capacities for Channels ...................................................................... 6-6
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

6.11
6.12
SECTION CAPACITIES
TABLES
SECTION CAPACITIES
6.1
SCOPE
The tables in this chapter provide design section capacities of DuraGal angles and channels.
The design action effects considered are:
axial tension
axial compression
bending moment
shear
Tables for web bearing capacity of DuraGal channels are provided in Section 8.
6.2
DESIGN METHOD
6.2.1 General
Design section capacities are the maximum capacities, based on the effective section properties,
which can be used for design. In such cases the members (channels and angles) are not
subject to behaviour or influences which reduce their maximum load carrying capacity. For
example:
members subject to axial tension do not have penetrations or holes and have full perimeter
welded end connections.
members subject to axial compression are restrained so that flexural or flexural-torsional

buckling will not occur.
beams are restrained and are not subject to flexural-torsional buckling.

Using the tables is simply a matter of selecting the value for a particular member size and
design action effect. The tables assume that axial loads are applied through the centroid of
the effective section and that loads causing bending and shear are applied through the
shear centre. Refer to Section 3 of this manual for the location of the centroid and the shear
centre of the sections. The method of derivation of the design section capacities in the tables is
given in Appendix A3.
6.2.2 Angles in Bending

Design section capacities are provided for bending about both the principal x- and y-axes and
the non-principal n- and p-axes. The direction of the load causing bending has been taken into
account. This determines which part of the angle is in compression and hence the design
capacity.
6.2.3 Channels in Bending

As well as design section capacities about the x-axis, two sets of design section capacities are
provided for bending about the y-axis, one where compression occurs in the web of the channel,
and one where tension occurs in the web.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

6-1
Table 6.11
Equal Angles
LIMIT STATES DESIGN
SECTION CAPACITIES
DuraGal

Designation
Mass
Nominal
b1
b2
Thick.
mm mm mm
per
AXIAL
TENSION
AXIAL
(1)
MOMENT
COMPRESSION
x-axis
SHEAR
y-axis
x- and y-axes
metre
tNt
cNs
bMsx1 = bMsx4
bMsy2,3
bMsy5
vVvx = vVvy
kg/m
kN
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kN
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
790
694
664
526
547
434
355
219
21.9
17.8
15.2
10.2
11.3
9.18
7.81
5.36
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
349
308
299
243
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
652
574
549
436
354
521
417
345
214
145
16.9
13.8
11.8
7.85
5.69
8.60
7.04
6.01
4.11
2.96
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
284
251
244
200
163
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
515
453
434
346
281
481
390
329
207
141
12.0
9.97
8.63
5.72
4.12
5.45
4.87
4.33
2.98
2.14
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
219
194
189
157
128
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
460
405
388
310
252
454
374
319
203
139
9.61
8.49
7.42
4.93
3.55
4.30
3.86
3.69
2.56
1.84
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
193
171
167
140
114
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
377
333
320
256
209
372
329
299
194
135
6.49
5.80
5.64
3.81
2.74
2.84
2.56
2.54
1.96
1.41
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
154
137
134
114
93.6
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
274
220
180
274
186
131
4.21
3.10
2.24
1.83
1.57
1.15
1.83
1.57
1.30
112
97.0
79.7
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
205
166
136
70.5
205
166
121
46.3
2.38
1.95
1.53
0.625
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.325
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
79.2
71.2
58.8
30.9
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
122
63.2
116
45.2
1.29
0.539
0.581
0.278
0.581
0.312
51.8
27.4
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
107
55.8
107
43.8
1.01
0.456
0.445
0.233
0.445
0.242
44.9
24.0
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
41.1
39.2
0.284
0.128
0.128
17.2
NOTES:
1. Tension capacities are for fully welded ends and are governed by tension fracture in accordance with Clause 3.2 of
AS/NZS 4600 unless noted.
2. fbMsx1 is for compression at point "1";
fbMsx4 is for compression at point "4";
fbMsy2,3 is for compression at points "2" and "3";
fbMsy5 is for compression at point "5".
4. Capacities are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
6-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 6.12
Equal Angles
LIMIT STATES DESIGN
SECTION CAPACITIES

Designation
Mass
Nominal
b1
b2
Thick.
mm mm mm
per
AXIAL
(1)
TENSION
AXIAL
MOMENT
SHEAR
COMPRESSION
n- and p-axes
n- and p-axes
metre
tN t
cNs
bMsnT = bMspR
bMsnB = bMspL
vVvn = vVvp
kg/m
kN
kN
kNm
kNm
kN
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
790
694
664
526
547
434
355
219
12.2
9.38
7.35
4.44
16.8
14.6
13.8
10.5
247
218
212
172
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
652
574
549
436
354
521
417
345
214
145
10.0
7.80
6.15
3.70
2.43
11.7
10.3
9.76
7.46
5.87
201
177
173
142
115
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
515
453
434
346
281
481
390
329
207
141
7.33
6.10
4.91
2.96
1.95
7.33
6.48
6.31
4.88
3.87
155
137
134
111
90.8
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
460
405
388
310
252
454
374
319
203
139
5.88
5.20
4.39
2.67
1.75
5.88
5.20
5.07
3.98
3.17
136
121
118
99.0
81.0
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
377
333
320
256
209
372
329
299
194
135
4.01
3.55
3.47
2.21
1.46
4.01
3.55
3.47
2.78
2.23
109
96.8
94.9
80.8
66.2
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
274
220
180
274
186
131
2.57
1.88
1.27
2.57
2.07
1.69
79.3
68.6
56.3
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
205
166
136
70.5
205
166
121
46.3
1.47
1.19
0.946
0.342
1.47
1.19
0.983
0.492
56.0
50.3
41.6
21.8
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
122
63.2
116
45.2
0.789
0.306
0.789
0.400
36.6
19.4
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
107
55.8
107
43.8
0.616
0.270
0.616
0.315
31.7
17.0
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
41.1
39.2
0.173
0.173
12.1
NOTES:
2. fbMsnT is for compression at point "T";
fbMsnB is for compression at point "B";
fbMspR is for compression at point "R";
fbMspL is for compression at point "L".
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

6-3
Table 6.21
LIMIT STATES DESIGN
SECTION CAPACITIES
Unequal Angles

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
AXIAL
AXIAL
(1)
TENSION
MOMENT
COMPRESSION
x-axis
SHEAR
y-axis
x-axis
y-axis
Thick.
metre
tNt
cNs
bMsx1
bMsx4
bMsy2,3
bMsy5
vVvx
vVvy
mm
kg/m
kN
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
kN
kN
5.38
4.34
3.54
262
211
172
252
180
128
3.76
2.50
1.74
3.76
3.02
2.47
1.17
0.981
0.805
1.17
0.981
0.813
110
94.4
77.5
91.1
79.6
65.5
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
2. fbMsx1 is for compression at point "1";
fbMsx4 is for compression at point "4";
fbMsy2,3 is for compression at points "2" and "3";
fbMsy5 is for compression at point "5".
3. fvVvx is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the x-axis.
4. fvVvy is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the y-axis.
fu = 450 MPa).
6-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 6.22
LIMIT STATES DESIGN
SECTION CAPACITIES
Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
per
AXIAL
AXIAL
(1)
TENSION
MOMENT
COMPRESSION
n-axis
SHEAR
p-axis
n-axis
p-axis
Thick.
metre
tNt
cNs
bMsnT
bMsnB
bMspR
bMspL
vVvn
vVvp
mm
kg/m
kN
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
kN
kN
5.38
4.34
3.54
262
211
172
252
180
128
3.23
2.14
1.45
3.23
2.60
2.13
1.57
1.26
0.984
1.57
1.26
1.03
94.9
80.8
66.2
56.0
50.3
41.6
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
2. fbMsnT is for compression at point "T";
fbMsnB is for compression at point "B";
fbMspR is for compression at point "R";
fbMspL is for compression at point "L".
3. fvVvn is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the n-axis.
4. fvVvp is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the p-axis.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

6-5
Unequal Angles
Table 6.3
LIMIT STATES DESIGN
SECTION CAPACITIES
about x- and y-axes
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Channels
Nominal
Mass
per
AXIAL
TENSION
AXIAL
(1)
MOMENT
COMPRESSION
x-axis
SHEAR
y-axis
x-axis
y-axis
Thick.
metre
t N t
cNs
bMsx
bMsyR
bMsyL
vVvx
vVvy
mm
kg/m
kN
kN
kNm
kNm
kNm
kN
kN
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
1250
1100
1050
1170
954
803
106
91.0
83.6
12.6
11.1
9.07
13.3
11.8
11.5
494
435
423
273
242
236
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
938
779
64.1
8.99
11.2
345
236
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
823
746
53.5
7.36
7.77
314
190
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
754
603
720
474
43.8
32.2
7.23
4.47
7.64
6.10
267
222
190
162
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
567
465
27.7
4.45
6.02
198
162
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
513
445
21.4
4.41
5.87
162
162
352
298
12.1
2.53
3.56
108
113
bf
mm
mm
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
272
257
8.16
1.89
2.08
83.1
83.1
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
207
207
4.93
1.22
1.29
58.5
63.4
NOTES:
6-6
2. fbMsyR is for compression at point "R";
fbMsyL is for compression at point "L".
3. fvVvx is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the x-axis.
4. fvVvy is the design shear capacity perpendicular to the y-axis.

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Page
7.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 7-1
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.2.5
7.2.6
DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................... 7-1

General ............................................................................................................ 7-1
Full Lateral Restraint ........................................................................................ 7-1
Effective Length................................................................................................ 7-2
Bending Coefficient .......................................................................................... 7-2
Coefficient for Unequal End Moments ............................................................. 7-3
Shear Lag......................................................................................................... 7-3
7.3
EXAMPLE ........................................................................................................ 7-4
TABLES & GRAPHS

fbMb) for beams without full lateral restraint
Design Member Moment Capacity (f
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.21
7.22
7.23
7.24
7.31
7.32
7.33
7.34
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.38
Equal Angles bending about Principal x-axis for Cb = 1.0 ............................... 7-6
Equal Angles bending about Principal y-axis (Tips in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 ...................................................................................................... 7-8
Equal Angles bending about Principal y-axis (Corner in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 .................................................................................................... 7-10
Unequal Angles bending about Principal x-axis
(Long Leg Tip in Compression) for Cm = 1.0 .................................................. 7-12
Unequal Angles bending about Principal x-axis
(Short Leg Tip in Compression) for Cm = 1.0 ................................................. 7-13
Unequal Angles bending about Principal y-axis (Tips in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 .................................................................................................... 7-14
Unequal Angles bending about Principal y-axis (Corner in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 .................................................................................................... 7-15
Channels bending about Principal x-axis for Cb = 1.0.................................... 7-16
Channels bending about Principal x-axis for Cb = 1.14.................................. 7-18
Channels bending about Principal y-axis (Web in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 .................................................................................................... 7-24
Channels bending about Principal y-axis (Web in Compression)
for Cm = 0.6 .................................................................................................... 7-25
Channels bending about Principal y-axis (Flange Tips in Compression)
for Cm = 1.0 .................................................................................................... 7-26
Channels bending about Principal y-axis (Flange Tips in Compression)
for Cm = 0.6 .................................................................................................... 7-27
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

MOMENT CAPACITY
CONTENTS
MOMENT CAPACITY
MOMENT CAPACITY
7.1
SCOPE
This section covers angles and channels without full lateral restraint bending about the principal
x- and y-axes. The tables and graphs give the design member moment capacity (fbMb) for a
range of effective lengths (le), and for the following range of moment distributions:
Equal Angles:
bending about x-axis

bending about y-axis
Cb = 1.0
Cm = 1.0
Unequal Angles: bending about x-axis Cm = 1.0

Channels:
Cm = 1.0
Cb = 1.0
Cb = 1.14
Cb = 1.67
Cb = 2.38
Cm = 1.0
Cm = 0.6
Values of the design section moment capacity (fbMs) and the shear capacity (fvVv) are also
included in the tables for reference.
The values in the tables are based on the assumption that the load is applied through the
shear centre of the section.
7.2
DESIGN METHOD
7.2.1 General
To obtain the design member moment capacity (fbMb) from the tables for beams without full
lateral restraint, the designer must first determine the effective length of the beam and the
distribution of moment along the beam resulting from the loads applied.
A discussion on full lateral restraint and effective length is given in Sections 7.2.2 and 7.2.3
respectively.
The distribution of moment along a beam is represented by a bending coefficient (Cb) for bending
about the principal x-axis of the equal angles and channels as discussed in Section 7.2.4. A
coefficient for unequal end moment (Cm) is used to allow for beam end moment for unequal
angles and for equal angles and channels bending about the principal y-axis, as discussed in
Section 7.2.5.
7.2.2 Full Lateral Restraint

The tables in this chapter assume that the angles and channels do not have full lateral restraint,
and so may be subject to lateral buckling. A beam has full lateral restraint if the compression
element is restrained against lateral movement and twisting, in which case the design moment
capacity is equal to the design section moment capacity (fbMs).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-1
7.2.3 Effective Length

The elastic buckling moment of a beam, and hence the design member moment capacity (fbMb),
is dependent on the effective length (le) for bending about the principal x- and y-axes (lex and ley
respectively), and for twisting (lez) of the beam or the beam segment. AS/NZS 4600 gives very
little guidance on the determination of effective lengths. Research is in place at The University
of Sydney to establish design procedures to determine the effective length of a beam.
7.2.4 Bending Coefficient

The bending coefficient (Cb) applies in the following cases:
Equal angles:
bending about the principal x-axis
Channels:
bending about the principal x-axis
The bending coefficient (Cb) is dependent on the moment distribution along the member and is
used to determine the elastic buckling moment (Mo) of a beam. Moment distributions and the
corresponding values of Cb presented in the tables in this section are given in Figure 7.2(1).
Higher values of Cb correspond to larger member moment capacities.
Note: All Supports are assumed to provide full or partial restraint
Figure 7.2(1) Examples of bending coefficients (Cb) used in the tables

Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600 specifies that a value of Cb = 1.0 should be used for the
following cases:
Cantilevers or overhangs where the free end is unbraced.

Members subject to combined axial load and bending moment.
For information on calculating values of bending coefficient for other cases, refer to Appendix A4.
Alternatively, AS/NZS 4600 permits the use of Cb = 1.0 for all cases.
7-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
7.2.5 Coefficient for Unequal End Moments

The coefficient for unequal end moments (Cm) applies in the following cases:
Equal angles:
bending about the principal y-axis
Unequal Angles: bending about the principal x- and y-axes

Channels:
bending about the principal y-axis
The coefficient for unequal end moment (Cm) is dependent on the member end moments and is
used to determine the elastic buckling moment (Mo) of a beam. End moment ratios and the
corresponding values of Cm are given in Figure 7.2(2). M1 is the smaller of the two end moments.
Figure 7.2(2) Examples of coefficients for unequal end moments (Cm)

Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600 specifies that a value of Cm = 1.0 should be used for the
following cases:
If the bending moment at any point within an unbraced length is larger than that at both ends
of this length.
Members subject to combined axial load and bending moment.

A value of Cm = 1.0 may conservatively be used.
7.2.6 Shear Lag

The shear lag effect is usually applicable to short span beams supporting concentrated loads.
This effect is not considered in the tables provided in this manual. Where relevant, the designer
should check the shear lag effect in accordance with Appendix A4.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-3
7.3
EXAMPLE
A single span simply supported beam of 5.0 m span is required
to support a design central point load of 16 kN. Lateral restraint
is provided at the location of the load which is applied through
the shear centre of the section.
The effective length of the member ley = lez = 2.5 m.
What size DuraGal channel bending about the x-axis is required
to support this load?
Solution:
Moment Capacity
Design bending moment
M x =
Pl
4
16 5.0
4
= 20.0 kNm
ley = lez = 2.5 m
Effective length
Cb = 1.67 (Fig. 7.2(1))
Bending Coefficient
The member moment capacity (fbMbx) for channels bending about the x-axis with Cb = 1.67 is
obtained from Table 7.33.
For a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal
fbMbx = 23.7 kNm
> 20.0 kNm
Shear Capacity
V = 8.0 kN
Design shear force
The shear capacity (fvVv) for channels bending about the x-axis
is obtained from either Table 7.33 or Table 6.3.
For a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal
fvVv = 198 kN
> 8.0 kN
The 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal is satisfactory for this load case.

Note: If an allowance has not been made for the self-weight of the beam in the design load, this
should be included in the design load now to ensure that the moment capacity and shear
capacity of the channel is still greater than the design moment and design shear.
Additional design checks which should be performed include:
Interaction of shear and bending (Section 9)

Bearing (Section 8 if applicable)
Deflection (Section 10)
7-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-5
7-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
0.25
9.61
8.49
7.42
4.93
3.55
12.0
9.97
8.63
5.72
4.12
16.9
13.8
11.8
7.85
5.69
9.61
8.49
7.42
4.93
3.55
12.0
9.97
8.63
5.72
4.12
16.9
13.8
11.8
7.85
5.69
21.9
17.8
15.2
10.2
0.5
9.61
8.49
7.42
4.93
3.55
12.0
9.97
8.63
5.72
4.12
16.9
13.8
11.8
7.85
5.69
21.9
17.8
15.2
10.2
1.0
9.61
8.49
7.37
4.80
3.35
12.0
9.97
8.57
5.56
3.89
16.9
13.8
11.7
7.63
5.37
21.9
17.8
15.1
9.93
1.5
9.53
8.32
7.04
4.53
3.11
11.9
9.78
8.20
5.26
3.61
16.8
13.5
11.2
7.20
4.97
21.8
17.5
14.5
9.36
2.0
9.15
7.94
6.71
4.26
2.87
11.5
9.45
7.82
4.94
3.32
16.3
13.1
10.7
6.77
4.57
21.2
16.9
13.8
8.79
2.5
8.77
7.56
6.36
3.98
2.61
11.0
9.10
7.43
4.62
3.02
15.8
12.6
10.2
6.32
4.15
20.5
16.3
13.2
8.20
3.0
8.39
7.17
6.01
3.69
2.34
10.5
8.75
7.03
4.29
2.72
15.3
12.2
9.67
5.86
3.72
19.9
15.7
12.5
7.59
3.5
8.01
6.78
5.65
3.39
2.10
10.0
8.39
6.62
3.94
2.44
14.8
11.7
9.13
5.39
3.33
19.3
15.2
11.8
6.98
4.0
7.63
6.39
5.28
3.10
1.91
9.56
8.00
6.20
3.60
2.22
14.3
11.2
8.57
4.93
3.04
18.6
14.5
11.1
6.37
4.5
7.25
6.00
4.80
2.84
1.76
9.08
7.51
5.76
3.31
2.05
13.8
10.7
8.00
4.54
2.80
18.0
13.9
10.3
5.86
5.0
6.87
5.62
4.33
2.63
1.63
8.61
7.03
5.33
3.08
1.90
13.2
10.2
7.44
4.22
2.60
17.3
13.3
9.63
5.45
6.0
6.11
4.84
3.61
2.30
1.43
7.66
6.06
4.52
2.70
1.67
12.1
9.19
6.52
3.72
2.29
16.0
12.0
8.47
4.80
7.0
5.35
4.15
3.09
1.98
1.28
6.72
5.20
3.87
2.41
1.50
10.8
8.21
5.83
3.34
2.06
14.5
10.8
7.60
4.31
8.0
4.69
3.64
2.71
1.73
1.15
5.88
4.55
3.39
2.16
1.36
9.45
7.30
5.28
3.04
1.87
13.2
9.78
6.91
3.93
193
171
167
140
114
219
194
189
157
128
284
251
244
200
163
349
308
299
243
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
1. The values in the table are based on le = ley = lez.

2. The moment distribution considered is for the unbraced length.
fu = 450 MPa).
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
21.9
17.8
15.2
10.2
kNm
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Effective Length, le (m)
bMsx
Nominal
Thick.
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
DESIGN MEMBER MOMENT CAPACITY

bMbx (kNm)
Mass
per
metre
Section
Moment
Capacity
Designation
Beams without full lateral restraint

bending about principal x-axis
Cb = 1.0
MEMBER MOMENT CAPACITY
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.11(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-7
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
0.5
1.0
0.284
1.01
0.456
1.29
0.539
2.38
1.95
1.53
0.625
4.21
3.10
2.24
6.49
5.80
5.64
3.81
2.74
0.284
1.01
0.456
1.29
0.539
2.38
1.95
1.53
0.625
4.21
3.10
2.24
6.49
5.80
5.64
3.81
2.74
0.283
1.01
0.454
1.29
0.537
2.38
1.95
1.53
0.623
4.21
3.10
2.24
6.49
5.80
5.64
3.81
2.74
0.250
0.926
0.416
1.19
0.493
2.35
1.87
1.44
0.572
4.16
3.01
2.12
6.49
5.80
5.60
3.70
2.60
0.217
0.832
0.376
1.07
0.446
2.21
1.72
1.33
0.519
3.91
2.83
1.97
6.43
5.64
5.31
3.50
2.41
1.5
0.184
0.737
0.333
0.950
0.397
2.06
1.57
1.19
0.463
3.65
2.65
1.81
6.18
5.38
4.96
3.28
2.22
2.0
0.152
0.643
0.280
0.829
0.346
1.91
1.43
1.04
0.404
3.40
2.47
1.64
5.92
5.11
4.62
3.06
2.02
2.5
0.127
0.549
0.234
0.708
0.299
1.77
1.28
0.888
0.354
3.14
2.25
1.47
5.66
4.85
4.28
2.83
1.81
3.0
0.109
0.471
0.200
0.607
0.256
1.62
1.14
0.761
0.316
2.89
1.99
1.31
5.40
4.59
3.93
2.59
1.62
3.5
0.412
0.175
0.531
0.224
1.47
0.998
0.666
0.280
2.63
1.75
1.16
5.14
4.32
3.59
2.35
1.47
4.0
0.366
0.156
0.472
0.199
1.33
0.887
0.592
0.248
2.38
1.55
1.03
4.89
4.06
3.25
2.10
1.35
4.5
0.25
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
0.329
0.140
0.425
0.179
1.19
0.798
0.533
0.224
2.14
1.40
0.930
4.63
3.79
2.93
1.89
1.25
5.0
0.274
0.117
0.354
0.150
0.995
0.665
0.444
0.186
1.79
1.17
0.775
4.11
3.26
2.44
1.58
1.05
6.0
0.235
0.100
0.304
0.128
0.853
0.570
0.381
0.160
1.53
0.999
0.664
3.60
2.80
2.09
1.35
0.897
7.0
0.206
0.266
0.112
0.747
0.499
0.333
0.140
1.34
0.874
0.581
3.15
2.45
1.83
1.18
0.784
8.0
17.2
44.9
24.0
51.8
27.4
79.2
71.2
58.8
30.9
112
97.0
79.7
154
137
134
114
93.6
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Equal Angles

2. The moment distribution considered is for the unbraced length.
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thick.
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

bending about principal x-axis
Cb = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.11(b)
7-8

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
0.25
4.30
3.86
3.69
2.56
1.84
5.45
4.87
4.33
2.98
2.14
8.60
7.04
6.01
4.11
2.96
4.30
3.86
3.54
2.25
1.40
5.45
4.76
4.03
2.47
1.44
8.28
6.52
5.06
2.73
1.45
10.3
7.85
5.64
2.74
0.5
4.30
3.86
3.54
2.25
1.40
5.45
4.76
4.03
2.47
1.44
8.27
6.52
5.06
2.73
1.45
10.3
7.85
5.64
2.74
1.0
4.30
3.86
3.53
2.25
1.40
5.45
4.75
4.02
2.47
1.44
8.27
6.51
5.05
2.73
1.45
10.3
7.84
5.63
2.73
1.5
4.30
3.85
3.52
2.24
1.39
5.45
4.73
4.01
2.46
1.43
8.25
6.50
5.04
2.72
1.44
10.3
7.83
5.62
2.73
2.0
4.30
3.83
3.50
2.23
1.38
5.45
4.71
3.99
2.44
1.42
8.23
6.48
5.02
2.70
1.44
10.2
7.81
5.60
2.72
2.5
4.30
3.80
3.48
2.21
1.37
5.42
4.68
3.97
2.43
1.41
8.21
6.46
5.00
2.69
1.43
10.2
7.80
5.58
2.71
3.0
4.30
3.78
3.46
2.19
1.35
5.39
4.65
3.95
2.41
1.40
8.18
6.44
4.98
2.67
1.43
10.2
7.77
5.56
2.71
3.5
4.30
3.75
3.43
2.17
1.33
5.36
4.62
3.92
2.39
1.38
8.15
6.41
4.95
2.65
1.42
10.2
7.74
5.53
2.70
4.0
4.27
3.72
3.40
2.15
1.32
5.32
4.58
3.89
2.37
1.36
8.11
6.38
4.92
2.63
1.41
10.1
7.71
5.50
2.68
4.5
4.24
3.68
3.37
2.13
1.30
5.28
4.55
3.86
2.34
1.34
8.07
6.35
4.88
2.60
1.40
10.1
7.68
5.46
2.67
5.0
4.21
3.65
3.33
2.10
1.27
5.24
4.51
3.83
2.31
1.32
8.03
6.31
4.85
2.58
1.39
10.0
7.64
5.42
2.66
6.0
4.14
3.58
3.24
2.05
1.23
5.16
4.42
3.76
2.25
1.29
7.94
6.24
4.76
2.52
1.37
9.94
7.56
5.33
2.62
7.0
4.07
3.51
3.16
1.99
1.18
5.07
4.34
3.69
2.19
1.25
7.85
6.16
4.68
2.46
1.35
9.84
7.47
5.23
2.59
8.0
4.00
3.44
3.07
1.93
1.13
4.99
4.25
3.61
2.12
1.21
7.73
6.07
4.58
2.40
1.32
9.73
7.37
5.13
2.55
193
171
167
140
114
219
194
189
157
128
284
251
244
200
163
349
308
299
243
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
1. The values in the table are based on le = lex = lez.

2. The end moments considered are for the unbraced length.
fu = 450 MPa).
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
11.3
9.18
7.81
5.36
kNm
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
bMsy
Nominal
Thick.
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1

bMby (kNm)
Mass
per
metre
Section
Moment
Capacity
Designation

bending about principal y-axis (tips in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.12(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-9
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
0.5
1.0
0.128
0.445
0.233
0.581
0.278
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.325
1.83
1.57
1.15
2.84
2.56
2.54
1.96
1.41
0.128
0.445
0.224
0.581
0.259
0.989
0.874
0.723
0.290
1.83
1.52
1.06
2.84
2.56
2.54
1.85
1.23
0.128
0.445
0.224
0.581
0.258
0.989
0.874
0.721
0.290
1.83
1.52
1.06
2.84
2.56
2.53
1.85
1.22
0.128
0.445
0.222
0.579
0.256
0.989
0.874
0.715
0.288
1.83
1.51
1.05
2.84
2.56
2.52
1.84
1.22
0.126
0.445
0.219
0.570
0.254
0.989
0.874
0.705
0.285
1.83
1.49
1.04
2.84
2.56
2.51
1.83
1.21
1.5
0.123
0.438
0.216
0.561
0.250
0.989
0.870
0.694
0.282
1.83
1.48
1.03
2.84
2.56
2.49
1.82
1.20
2.0
0.120
0.430
0.212
0.551
0.246
0.989
0.858
0.682
0.277
1.82
1.46
1.02
2.84
2.56
2.46
1.80
1.19
2.5
0.117
0.422
0.207
0.540
0.242
0.989
0.845
0.669
0.273
1.81
1.44
1.01
2.84
2.56
2.44
1.78
1.18
3.0
0.114
0.413
0.201
0.529
0.237
0.989
0.832
0.655
0.267
1.79
1.42
0.996
2.84
2.56
2.41
1.77
1.16
3.5
0.111
0.405
0.195
0.518
0.232
0.981
0.818
0.641
0.262
1.76
1.39
0.981
2.84
2.53
2.38
1.75
1.15
4.0
0.108
0.396
0.189
0.507
0.227
0.970
0.804
0.627
0.256
1.74
1.37
0.966
2.84
2.51
2.36
1.73
1.13
4.5
0.25
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
0.105
0.387
0.184
0.496
0.222
0.959
0.791
0.613
0.250
1.72
1.35
0.949
2.83
2.49
2.33
1.70
1.11
5.0
0.370
0.172
0.473
0.211
0.936
0.763
0.584
0.238
1.68
1.30
0.915
2.79
2.44
2.27
1.66
1.07
6.0
0.353
0.159
0.450
0.195
0.913
0.735
0.555
0.225
1.64
1.25
0.880
2.74
2.40
2.21
1.61
1.03
7.0
0.335
0.147
0.427
0.180
0.890
0.708
0.526
0.211
1.59
1.20
0.843
2.70
2.35
2.14
1.56
0.982
8.0
17.2
44.9
24.0
51.8
27.4
79.2
71.2
58.8
30.9
112
97.0
79.7
154
137
134
114
93.6
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
Equal Angles

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thick.
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.12(b)
7-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
0.25
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
0.5
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
1.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
1.5
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
2.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
2.5
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
3.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
3.5
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
4.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
4.5
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
5.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
6.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.17
2.62
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
7.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.16
2.57
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.97
3.27
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
8.0
4.30
3.86
3.81
3.06
2.47
5.45
4.87
4.80
3.89
3.15
8.91
7.93
7.78
6.36
5.22
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
193
171
167
140
114
219
194
189
157
128
284
251
244
200
163
349
308
299
243
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity

fu = 450 MPa).
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
13.2
11.7
11.5
9.30
kNm
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
bMsy
Nominal
Thick.
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1

bMby (kNm)
Mass
per
metre
Section
Moment
Capacity
Designation

bending about principal y-axis (corner in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.13(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-11
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
0.5
1.0
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
1.5
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
2.0
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
2.5
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
3.0
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
3.5
0.128
0.445
0.242
0.581
0.312
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.391
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
4.0
0.124
0.445
0.237
0.581
0.308
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.390
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
4.5
0.25
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
0.121
0.445
0.230
0.581
0.300
0.989
0.874
0.734
0.381
1.83
1.57
1.30
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.78
5.0
0.114
0.425
0.217
0.555
0.284
0.989
0.869
0.705
0.361
1.83
1.57
1.28
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.14
1.77
6.0
0.107
0.405
0.204
0.530
0.267
0.989
0.838
0.673
0.340
1.83
1.52
1.22
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.09
1.69
7.0
0.385
0.191
0.504
0.250
0.989
0.807
0.640
0.319
1.83
1.46
1.17
2.84
2.56
2.54
2.02
1.62
8.0
17.2
44.9
24.0
51.8
27.4
79.2
71.2
58.8
30.9
112
97.0
79.7
154
137
134
114
93.6
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
Equal Angles

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thick.
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.13(b)
7-12

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
mm
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
3.76
2.50
1.74
0.25
3.76
2.46
1.64
0.5
3.74
2.41
1.60
1.0
3.51
2.29
1.50
1.5
3.27
2.16
1.39
3.03
2.01
1.26
2.0
2.78
1.86
1.13
2.5
2.53
1.68
1.02
3.0
2.28
1.47
0.934
3.5
2.04
1.30
0.846
4.0
1.83
1.17
0.762
4.5
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
5.0
1.66
1.06
0.693
6.0
1.39
0.896
0.587
7.0
1.20
0.775
0.509
8.0
1.06
0.683
0.449
110
94.4
77.5
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Nominal
Designation

bending about principal x-axis (long leg tip in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.21
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-13
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
1.0
3.76
3.02
2.47
3.76
3.02
2.47
3.76
3.02
2.47
3.76
3.02
2.47
3.76
3.02
2.47
1.5
3.76
3.01
2.28
2.0
3.52
2.59
1.85
2.5
3.12
2.17
1.49
3.0
2.72
1.83
1.25
3.5
2.36
1.58
1.07
4.0
2.08
1.39
0.943
4.5
0.25
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
1.86
1.24
0.840
5.0
1.53
1.02
0.689
6.0
1.31
0.865
0.584
7.0
1.14
0.752
0.506
8.0
110
94.4
77.5
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Unequal Angles

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

bending about principal x-axis (short leg tip in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.22
7-14

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
mm
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
1.17
0.981
0.805
0.25
1.17
0.981
0.790
0.5
1.17
0.981
0.790
1.0
1.17
0.981
0.787
1.5
1.17
0.981
0.782
1.17
0.981
0.777
2.0
1.17
0.981
0.770
2.5
1.17
0.973
0.763
3.0
1.17
0.964
0.755
3.5
1.17
0.955
0.747
4.0
1.17
0.945
0.738
4.5
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
5.0
1.17
0.935
0.728
6.0
1.15
0.915
0.708
7.0
1.13
0.895
0.688
8.0
1.12
0.875
0.667
91.1
79.6
65.5
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Nominal
Designation

Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.23
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-15
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
1.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
1.17
0.981
0.813
1.17
0.981
0.813
1.17
0.981
0.813
1.17
0.981
0.813
1.5
1.17
0.981
0.813
2.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
2.5
1.17
0.981
0.813
3.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
3.5
1.17
0.981
0.813
4.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
4.5
0.25
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
1.17
0.981
0.813
5.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
6.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
7.0
1.17
0.981
0.813
8.0
91.1
79.6
65.5
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
Unequal Angles

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.24
7-16

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.25
1.5
1.75
4.93
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.39
7.70
12.0
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.01
7.16
11.4
21.0
27.0
42.9
31.4
52.1
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
3.62
6.58
10.8
20.1
25.7
40.9
29.8
49.6
62.5
104
89.6
81.1
3.24
5.98
10.0
19.0
24.3
38.7
28.0
46.6
59.9
100
86.3
77.5
2.86
5.31
9.25
17.9
22.7
36.3
26.1
43.5
57.1
95.4
82.5
73.5
2.23
4.02
7.54
15.5
19.2
30.7
21.7
35.8
50.7
85.0
74.0
64.3
2.5
1.83
3.22
6.08
12.9
15.4
24.5
17.1
27.7
43.3
73.9
63.5
53.6
1.55
2.69
5.11
10.8
12.7
19.8
13.9
22.1
35.6
62.2
52.1
42.7
3.5
1.35
2.32
4.31
9.17
10.5
16.5
11.4
18.4
29.1
51.4
42.5
34.5
1.07
1.81
3.28
6.92
7.81
12.5
8.42
13.7
21.1
37.8
30.8
24.5
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
The values in the table are based on le = ley = lez.

The moment distribution considered is for the unbraced length.
Capacities are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Thickness
Nominal
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Cb = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.31
Channels
0.890
1.49
2.66
5.57
6.22
10.0
6.66
11.0
16.5
29.9
24.1
18.9
0.761
1.27
2.24
4.67
5.18
8.42
5.52
9.14
13.5
24.8
19.8
15.4
0.665
1.11
1.93
4.03
4.45
7.26
4.72
7.85
11.5
21.2
16.8
12.9
0.590
0.981
1.70
3.55
3.90
6.38
4.13
6.88
10.0
18.5
14.6
11.2
0.531
0.881
1.52
3.17
3.47
5.70
3.67
6.14
8.85
16.4
12.9
9.87
10
58.5
83.1
108
162
198
267
222
314
345
494
435
423
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-17
7-18

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.25
1.5
1.75
4.93
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.52
7.84
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.18
7.37
11.6
21.3
27.4
43.5
31.8
52.9
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
3.84
6.87
11.1
20.5
26.3
41.8
30.5
50.7
63.4
106
90.8
82.3
3.51
6.35
10.4
19.6
25.0
39.8
28.9
48.1
61.2
102
87.9
79.2
3.18
5.80
9.73
18.6
23.6
37.7
27.2
45.3
58.7
98.0
84.6
75.7
2.54
4.57
8.26
16.5
20.5
33.0
23.4
38.9
53.0
88.9
77.2
67.7
2.5
2.08
3.66
6.76
14.2
17.1
27.6
19.1
31.5
46.7
79.1
68.4
58.4
1.77
3.06
5.69
12.0
14.1
22.5
15.6
25.2
39.7
68.8
58.3
48.1
3.5
1.54
2.63
4.90
10.3
11.9
18.8
13.0
20.9
33.0
58.4
48.3
39.1
1.22
2.06
3.73
7.87
8.87
14.2
9.56
15.6
23.9
43.0
35.0
27.9
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Thickness
Nominal
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Cb = 1.14
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.32
Channels
1.01
1.70
3.02
6.33
7.07
11.4
7.57
12.4
18.7
34.0
27.4
21.5
0.865
1.44
2.54
5.31
5.89
9.57
6.27
10.4
15.4
28.1
22.5
17.5
0.755
1.26
2.20
4.58
5.05
8.25
5.36
8.91
13.1
24.0
19.1
14.7
0.670
1.11
1.94
4.03
4.43
7.25
4.69
7.82
11.4
21.0
16.6
12.7
0.603
1.00
1.73
3.60
3.94
6.48
4.17
6.97
10.1
18.7
14.7
11.2
10
58.5
83.1
108
162
198
267
222
314
345
494
435
423
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-19
7-20

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.25
1.5
1.75
4.93
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.83
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.60
7.87
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.37
7.53
11.7
21.4
27.5
43.8
32.0
53.2
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.14
7.19
11.3
20.8
26.7
42.5
30.9
51.5
64.0
106
91.0
83.2
3.91
6.83
10.9
20.1
25.8
41.1
29.8
49.6
62.4
104
89.5
80.8
3.46
6.10
9.89
18.8
23.7
38.1
27.2
45.6
58.6
98.1
84.5
75.4
2.5
3.02
5.33
8.86
17.3
21.5
34.9
24.4
41.1
54.4
91.4
78.9
69.2
2.60
4.50
7.80
15.7
19.1
31.2
21.4
35.9
49.8
84.4
72.9
62.4
3.5
2.26
3.87
6.79
14.2
16.7
27.4
18.4
30.7
45.0
77.3
65.9
55.1
1.79
3.03
5.41
11.3
13.0
20.8
14.1
22.9
35.1
62.8
51.4
40.9
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Thickness
Nominal
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Cb = 1.67
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.33
Channels
1.49
2.50
4.44
9.31
10.4
16.8
11.1
18.3
27.5
49.9
40.2
31.6
1.27
2.12
3.74
7.81
8.65
14.1
9.22
15.3
22.6
41.4
33.0
25.7
1.11
1.85
3.23
6.73
7.42
12.1
7.88
13.1
19.2
35.3
28.1
21.6
0.986
1.64
2.85
5.92
6.51
10.7
6.89
11.5
16.7
30.9
24.4
18.7
0.886
1.47
2.55
5.29
5.80
9.52
6.13
10.2
14.8
27.5
21.6
16.5
10
58.5
83.1
108
162
198
267
222
314
345
494
435
423
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-21
7-22

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.25
1.5
1.75
4.93
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.93
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.86
8.16
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.70
7.95
12.1
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.54
7.71
11.9
21.4
27.7
43.8
32.2
53.5
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.38
7.46
11.6
21.1
27.1
43.1
31.4
52.3
64.1
106
91.0
83.6
4.06
6.97
10.9
20.1
25.7
41.1
29.6
49.5
62.1
104
89.1
80.2
2.5
3.75
6.47
10.2
19.1
24.2
38.9
27.7
46.5
59.1
99.3
85.2
76.0
3.45
5.96
9.48
18.1
22.6
36.6
25.7
43.4
56.0
94.4
81.1
71.3
3.5
3.14
5.43
8.75
17.0
20.9
34.3
23.6
39.9
52.7
89.3
76.8
66.3
2.55
4.32
7.27
14.9
17.5
29.0
19.2
32.5
45.8
79.2
67.2
55.7
bMsx
kNm

bMbx (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Cb = 2.38
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.34
Channels
2.12
3.56
6.11
12.7
14.5
23.9
15.7
26.1
38.6
69.0
56.8
45.0
1.81
3.03
5.28
10.9
12.3
20.1
13.1
21.8
32.2
59.0
47.1
36.6
1.58
2.64
4.60
9.60
10.6
17.3
11.2
18.7
27.4
50.4
40.0
30.8
1.41
2.34
4.06
8.44
9.28
15.2
9.83
16.4
23.8
44.0
34.8
26.7
1.26
2.10
3.63
7.54
8.26
13.6
8.74
14.6
21.1
39.2
30.8
23.5
10
58.5
83.1
108
162
198
267
222
314
345
494
435
423
kN
vVvx
Design
Shear
Capacity
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-23
7-24

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.25
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.75
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
2.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
2.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
3.0
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
The values in the table are based on le = lex = lez.

The end moments considered are for the unbraced length.
4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

bending about y-axis (web in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.35
Channels
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
3.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
4.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
5.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
6.0
63.4
83.1
113
162
162
190
162
190
236
273
242
236
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-25
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
0.75
1.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.25
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
1.75
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
2.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
2.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
3.0
0.5
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
Channels

5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

bending about y-axis (web in compression)
Cm = 0.6
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.36
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
3.5
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
4.0
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
6.0
Channels
1.29
2.08
3.56
5.87
6.02
7.64
6.10
7.77
11.2
13.3
11.8
11.5
5.0
63.4
83.1
113
162
162
190
162
190
236
273
242
236
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
7-26

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.20
1.88
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.25
1.18
1.84
2.49
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.5
1.17
1.82
2.44
4.37
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.75
1.15
1.79
2.40
4.30
4.40
7.23
4.45
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
2.0
1.13
1.74
2.31
4.18
4.29
7.04
4.34
7.23
8.94
12.6
11.1
9.07
2.5
1.11
1.69
2.24
4.07
4.19
6.85
4.24
7.01
8.77
12.6
11.1
8.93
3.0
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

bending about y-axis (flange tips in compression)
Cm = 1.0
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.37
Channels
1.09
1.66
2.18
3.98
4.09
6.68
4.15
6.83
8.61
12.5
10.8
8.77
3.5
1.08
1.62
2.13
3.90
4.01
6.55
4.06
6.68
8.45
12.3
10.6
8.61
4.0
1.04
1.57
2.04
3.77
3.88
6.34
3.92
6.44
8.19
11.9
10.2
8.33
5.0
1.01
1.51
1.97
3.67
3.77
6.19
3.81
6.27
7.97
11.7
9.91
8.08
6.0
63.4
83.1
113
162
162
190
162
190
236
273
242
236
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

7-27
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
0.75
1.0
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.25
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.5
1.22
1.89
2.53
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
1.75
1.22
1.89
2.51
4.41
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
2.0
1.22
1.86
2.47
4.39
4.45
7.23
4.47
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
2.5
1.21
1.85
2.43
4.33
4.40
7.23
4.44
7.36
8.99
12.6
11.1
9.07
3.0
0.5
bMsy
kNm

bMby (kNm)
Section
Moment
Capacity
Channels

5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

bending about y-axis (flange tips in compression)
Cm = 0.6
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 7.38
1.20
1.83
2.39
4.27
4.35
7.22
4.39
7.36
8.98
12.6
11.1
9.07
3.5
1.19
1.82
2.36
4.23
4.31
7.14
4.34
7.28
8.89
12.6
11.1
9.02
4.0
1.17
1.80
2.32
4.16
4.23
7.02
4.26
7.13
8.75
12.6
11.1
8.86
5.0
1.15
1.78
2.28
4.11
4.18
6.93
4.20
7.03
8.63
12.6
10.9
8.73
6.0
63.4
83.1
113
162
162
190
162
190
236
273
242
236
kN
vVvy
Design
Shear
Capacity
[ BLANK ]
7-28

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

8.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 8-1
8.2
8.2.1
8.2.2
DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................... 8-2

Web Bearing Capacity ..................................................................................... 8-2
Bending and Bearing Interaction ...................................................................... 8-2
8.3
EXAMPLE ........................................................................................................ 8-3
TABLES
fwRb)
Design Web Bearing Capacity (f
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Channels with Single Load or Reaction for c < 1.5d1 ....................................... 8-6
Channels with Single Load or Reaction for c 1.5d1 ...................................... 8-7
Channels with Two Opposite Loads or Reactions
for c < 1.5d1 and e < 1.5d1 ............................................................................... 8-8
Channels with Two Opposite Loads or Reactions
for c 1.5d1 and e < 1.5d1 ............................................................................... 8-9
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

WEB BEARING
CAPACITY
Page
CONTENTS

8.1
SCOPE
The tables in this section provide the design web bearing capacity (fwRb) perpendicular to the
x-axis for channels for the four load types and positions shown below.
Figure 8.1(1) Type and Position of Loads or Reactions for determining Design Web
Bearing Capacity.
In accordance with Clause 3.3.6 of AS/NZS 4600, these tables are only applicable to channels
with:
lb
t
lb
and
where
d1
lb
d1
t
=
=
=
210
3.5
the actual length of bearing

the depth of the flat portion of the web
the thickness of the web
Additional geometrical limitations, which are satisfied by all the DuraGal channel sizes in these
tables, included in Clause 3.3.6 of AS/NZS 4600 are:
d1
t
ri
and
where
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
ri
200
the inside corner radius

8-1
8.2
DESIGN METHOD
8.2.1 Web Bearing Capacity

The web bearing capacity (fwRb) of a channel is determined in accordance with Clause 3.3.6 of
AS/NZS 4600 and latest research carried out at The University of Sydney[17],[18],[19] and is
discussed in more detail in Appendix A4 of this manual. The tables are provided for the four load
arrangements described in Section 8.1.
Once the appropriate table has been selected based on the load arrangement given in
Figure 8.1(1), the design web bearing capacity can be read from the tables for a range of bearing
lengths.
8.2.2 Bending and Bearing Interaction

Bending and bearing interaction may need to be checked when bending moment and bearing
forces occur at the same location. The design equation for beams without transverse web
stiffeners from Clause 3.3.7 of AS/NZS 4600 is provided in this section.
The design bearing capacity (fwRb) determined from the tables may be significantly reduced
when the section is subject to a large bending moment at the same location. According to Clause
3.3.7 of AS/NZS 4600, channels with single unstiffened webs subject to a concentrated load
or reaction (R*) and a bending moment (M*), must satisfy:
R M
107
.
.
142
+
wR b b M s
where
fb M s =
fwRb =
design section moment capacity given in Table 6.3

design web bearing capacity given in Tables 8.1 to 8.4
However, Clause 3.3.7 of AS/NZS 4600 and AS/NZS 4600 Supplement 1[7] state that the above
interaction of combined bending and bearing need not be checked for the interior support of the
continuous span beam shown in Figure 8.2(1).
Figure 8.2(1) Exception to Clause 3.3.7 of AS/NZS 4600
8-2

DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
8.3
EXAMPLE
A simply supported 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal with a single
span of 5.0 m is required to support a design central point load
of 16 kN. The load is applied over the full width of the flange for
a length of 50 mm along the channel. The bearing length at the
support is 70 mm.
Check the bearing capacity of the DuraGal channel.
Solution:
At the applied load
R = 16.0 kN
Design bearing force
lb = 50 mm
Bearing length
For a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal,

1.5 d1 = 244 mm (Table 8.1)
e = 2500 - 25 - 35
> 1.5 d1
= 2440
Therefore a table for a single load or reaction must be used.
c = 2500 - 25 + 35
= 2510
1.5 d1
>
In this case the web bearing capacity (fwRb) for channels

bending about the x-axis is obtained from Table 8.2.
For a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal with a bearing length lb = 50 mm
fwRb = 81.7 kN
> 16.0 kN

Check for combined bending and bearing:
M x =
Pl
4
16 5.0
4
= 20.0 kNm
Section moment capacity
fbMsx = 27.7 kNm (Table 6.3 or Table 8.2)
R M
16.0 20.0
107
.
.
= 107
+
+
. 27.7
817
wR b b M s
= 0.932
< 1.42
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001

8-3
At the support
Design bearing force
Bearing length
R = 8.0 kN
lb = 70 mm
A table for a single load or reaction must be used.
c = 0.0
< 1.5 d1
In this case the web bearing capacity (fwRb) for channels bending about the x-axis is obtained
from Table 8.1.
For a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal with a bearing length lb = 70 mm
fwRb = 46.0 kN
> 8.0 kN

There is no need to check for combined bending and bearing at the support because the bending
moment is zero.
Note:These calculations must be repeated to include the self-weight of the beam in the design
bending moment and the design bearing force at the support.
8-4

DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001

8-5
Channels
8-6
Table 8.1
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Single Load or Reaction
perpendicular to the x-axis
c < 1.5 d1
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm mm
Mass
per
metre
Section
Moment
Capacity
Bearing Length, lb (mm)
f bMsx
1.5 d1
Thickness
mm
DESIGN WEB BEARING CAPACITY

wRbx (kN)
kg/m
mm
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
kNm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
402
405
408
67.6
50.4
39.3
71.6
53.3
41.6
75.6
56.3
43.9
79.6
59.2
46.2
83.5
62.2
48.5
87.5
65.2
50.9
91.5
68.1
53.2
95.5
71.1
55.5
99.4
74.1
57.8
109
81.5
63.6
119
88.9
69.3
129
96.3
75.1
106
91.0
83.6
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
333
38.0
40.6
43.2
45.8
48.4
51.0
53.7
56.3
58.9
65.4
72.0
78.5
64.1
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
303
37.0
39.7
42.5
45.2
47.9
50.7
53.4
56.2
58.9
65.8
72.6
53.5
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
258
274
35.1
32.5
38.0
35.2
40.9
37.9
43.9
40.7
46.8
43.4
49.7
46.1
52.6
48.8
55.5
51.5
58.5
54.2
65.8
61.0
73.1
67.8
43.8
32.2
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
244
31.6
34.5
37.4
40.3
43.1
46.0
48.9
51.8
54.6
61.8
69.0
27.7
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
199
29.7
32.8
35.9
39.1
42.2
45.3
48.4
51.6
54.7
62.5
70.3
21.4
12.1
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
164
18.0
20.2
22.4
24.6
26.7
28.9
31.1
33.3
35.5
40.9
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
127
16.5
18.9
21.3
23.6
26.0
28.4
30.7
33.1
35.5
8.16
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
14.6
17.2
19.7
22.3
24.8
27.4
29.9
4.93
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
89.1
d1 is the depth of the flat portion of the web.

Capacities are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600 and research conducted at The University of Sydney.[17],[18],[19]
Values to the left of the solid line were verified during testing at The University of Sydney[17],[18],[19]. Values to the right of the solid line have been extrapolated from the test results.
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
Table 8.2
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Single Load or Reaction
c 1.5 d1
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
1.5 d1
Thickness
mm
Section
Moment
Capacity

wRbx (kN)
f bMsx
kg/m
mm
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
402
405
408
163
121
94.8
167
124
97.1
171
127
99.4
175
130
102
179
133
104
183
136
106
187
139
109
191
142
111
195
145
113
205
153
119
215
160
125
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
333
90.3
92.9
95.5
101
103
106
109
111
118
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
303
87.4
90.1
92.9
95.6
98.4
107
109
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
258
274
81.9
75.9
84.8
78.6
87.7
81.3
90.6
84.0
93.6
86.7
101
96.5
89.4
104
99.4
92.1
102
94.9
105
97.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
244
73.1
75.9
78.8
81.7
84.6
87.4
90.3
93.2
96.1
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
98.2
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
kNm
225
167
131
106
91.0
83.6
124
131
64.1
116
123
113
104
120
111
53.5
43.8
32.2
103
110
27.7
100
108
21.4
12.1
199
67.2
70.3
73.4
76.6
79.7
82.8
85.9
89.1
92.2
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
164
39.8
42.0
44.2
46.4
48.6
50.8
52.9
55.1
57.3
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
127
35.5
37.8
40.2
42.5
44.9
47.3
49.6
52.0
54.4
8.16
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
29.9
32.4
35.0
37.5
40.1
42.6
45.2
4.93
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
89.1
62.8

8-7
Channels
Channels
8-8
Table 8.3
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Two Opposite Loads or Reactions
c < 1.5 d1 and e < 1.5 d1

DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Section
Moment
Capacity
f bMsx
1.5 d1
Thickness
mm

wRbx (kN)
kg/m
mm
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
kNm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
402
405
408
43.8
32.6
25.4
47.7
35.5
27.7
51.7
38.5
30.0
55.7
41.5
32.4
59.7
44.4
34.7
63.6
47.4
37.0
67.6
50.4
39.3
71.6
53.3
41.6
75.6
56.3
43.9
85.5
63.7
49.7
95.5
71.1
55.5
105
78.5
61.3
106
91.0
83.6
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
333
24.9
27.5
30.1
32.7
35.3
38.0
40.6
43.2
45.8
52.3
58.9
65.4
64.1
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
303
24.4
27.1
29.9
32.6
35.3
38.1
40.8
43.6
46.3
53.2
60.0
53.5
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
258
274
23.4
21.7
26.3
24.4
29.2
27.1
32.2
29.8
35.1
32.5
38.0
35.2
40.9
37.9
43.9
40.7
46.8
43.4
54.1
50.1
61.4
56.9
43.8
32.2
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
244
21.3
24.2
27.0
29.9
32.8
35.7
38.5
41.4
44.3
51.5
58.7
27.7
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
199
20.3
23.4
26.6
29.7
32.8
35.9
39.1
42.2
45.3
53.1
60.9
21.4
12.1
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
164
12.6
14.7
16.9
19.1
21.3
23.5
25.6
27.8
30.0
35.5
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
127
11.8
14.2
16.5
18.9
21.3
23.6
26.0
28.4
30.7
8.16
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
10.8
13.4
15.9
18.4
21.0
23.5
26.1
4.93
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
89.1

DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001
Table 8.4
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Two Opposite Loads or Reactions
c 1.5 d1 and e < 1.5 d1

DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
1.5 d1
Thickness
mm
Section
Moment
Capacity

wRbx (kN)
f bMsx
kg/m
mm
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
402
405
408
175
130
102
179
133
104
183
136
106
187
139
109
191
142
111
195
145
113
199
148
116
203
151
118
207
154
120
217
161
126
227
169
132
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
333
102
105
107
110
113
115
118
124
102
105
96.8
99.5
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
kNm
237
176
138
106
91.0
83.6
131
137
64.1
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
303
93.7
96.4
99.2
107
110
113
116
122
129
53.5
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
258
274
87.7
81.3
90.6
84.0
93.6
86.7
96.5
89.4
99.4
92.1
102
94.9
105
97.6
108
100
111
103
118
110
126
117
43.8
32.2
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
244
78.2
81.1
84.0
86.9
89.7
92.6
95.5
101
108
116
27.7
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
105
113
21.4
12.1
98.4
199
71.9
75.0
78.1
81.3
84.4
87.5
90.6
93.8
96.9
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
164
42.6
44.8
46.9
49.1
51.3
53.5
55.7
57.8
60.0
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
127
37.8
40.2
42.5
44.9
47.3
49.6
52.0
54.4
56.7
8.16
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
31.8
34.3
36.9
39.4
42.0
44.5
47.1
4.93
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
89.1
65.5

8-9
Channels
[ BLANK ]
8-10

DCT DP/01/REV 2
JULY 2001

CONTENTS
Page
9.1
SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 9-1
9.2
DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................... 9-1
9.3
EXAMPLE ........................................................................................................ 9-1
GRAPH
Combined Bending and Shear for Channels
bending about the Principal x-axis ................................................................... 9-2
COMBINED
BENDING & SHEAR
9.1
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001


9.1
SCOPE
A graph is provided to show the interaction of bending moment and shear for channels bending
about the x-axis.
9.2
DESIGN METHOD
The design web shear capacity given in the tables in Sections 6 and 7 may be significantly
reduced when the section is subjected to a large bending moment at the same location. For
beams without transverse stiffeners, Clause 3.3.5 of AS/NZS 4600 requires that the design
bending moment (M*) and the design shear force (V*) shall satisfy:
M
bM s
where
V
+
vVv
10
.
fbMs = design section moment capacity given in Table 6.3

fvVv = design web shear capacity given in Table 6.3
The graph allows any combination of bending moment and shear to be checked for all DuraGal
channels.
Designers are directed to Clause 3.3.5 of AS/NZS 4600 for combined bending and shear in
channels with transverse web stiffeners.
9.3
EXAMPLE
What size DuraGal channel is required to resist the following design moment and shear force at
the same location on a beam?
M x = 20.0 kNm
Design shear force
V = 8.0 kN
Solution:
From Figure 9.1 it can be seen that the moment-shear interaction line for the 150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
DuraGal is above the intersection of the values for design bending moment and design shear,
so the 150 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal is satisfactory.
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

9-1
Channels
9-2

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
10
DEFLECTION
CONTENTS
Page
10.1
SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 10-1
10.2
DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS ................................................................... 10-1
10.3
SECOND MOMENT OF AREA ..................................................................... 10-1
10.4
EXAMPLES ................................................................................................... 10-2
10.4.1 Simply Supported beam ................................................................................ 10-2
10.4.2 Continuous Beam ........................................................................................... 10-2
TABLES
Maximum Moment for Sections to be Fully Effective (Mf)
Equal Angles bending about n- and p-axes ................................................... 10-4
10.2
Unequal Angles bending about n- and p-axes ............................................... 10-5
10.3
Channels bending about x- and y-axes .......................................................... 10-6
10
DEFLECTION
10.1
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

DEFLECTION
10
10.1 SCOPE
This section provides a list of common methods which may be used to calculate elastic beam
deflections. It also provides tables of the maximum moment for which the full second moment of
area may be used in the deflection calculations for DuraGal angles and channels.
For some of the common beam and load configurations, the tables in Sections 14 to 17 provide
the maximum design loads for angles and channels limited by a maximum deflection of span / 250.
10.2 DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS

Common methods for calculating the elastic deflection of a beam include:
(1)
Integration of M / EI diagram
(2)
Moment area
(3)
Slope deflection
(4)
Published solutions for particular cases
(5)
Approximate or numerical methods (e.g. finite elements)
A comprehensive set of beam deflection formulae is published in the AISC technical journal
Steel Construction, Volume 26, No. 1, February 1992.
10.3 SECOND MOMENT OF AREA

A simplified approach presented in this section may be used to determine the second moment
of area for beam deflection calculations. A detail explanation of this method is given in
Appendix A5. Tables 10.1 to 10.3 give values of the maximum moment (Mf) for which the sections
are fully effective. If the design serviceability moment (Mserv) resulting from serviceability loads
is less than or equal to the value of Mf, then the full second moment of area should be used for
the deflection calculations.
For Mserv Mf
use I = If (full second moment of area tabulated in Section 3)
If the design serviceability moment (Mserv) is greater than the value of Mf, then the effective
second moment of area should be used for the deflection calculations.
For Mserv > Mf
use I = Ie (effective second moment of area tabulated in Section 3)
The value of effective second moment of area (Ie) tabulated in Section 3 may be used to calculate
a conservative estimate of the deflection, or alternatively a more accurate value of Ie (intermediate
between the tabulated values of If and Ie) computed at the actual serviceability stress level may
be determined using the methods in Appendix A5.
For beams with positive and negative bending moments (reverse curvature such as in continuous
beams and fixed ended beams), the stiffness of the beam at the support (negative moment)
has an effect on the beam deflection. Effective second moment of area is calculated at the
maximum positive as well as the maximum negative moment and the lower of the two values is
used for the deflection calculations for the entire beam.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

10-1
10.4 EXAMPLES
10.4.1 Simply Supported Beam
A single span simply supported beam has a calculated design moment for serviceability loads,
Mserv = 15.0 kNm. The calculated minimum second moment of area required for deflection is
Iserv = 5.0 x 106 mm4. What size DuraGal channel is required for bending about the x-axis?
Solution:
Select a channel with a full second moment of area equal to or greater than that required.
Choose a 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal from Table 3.31
Ix = 7.16 x 106 mm4
> Iserv = 5.0 x 106 mm4
Check if the full second moment of area may be used by comparing the design serviceability
moment with the maximum moment for the channel to be fully effective from Table 10.3.
Mfx = 14.1 kNm
< Mserv = 15.0 kNm
Therefore the full second moment of area Ix = 7.16 x 106 mm4 (Table 3.3-1) cannot be used.
The effective second moment of area Iex = 6.50 x 106 mm4 (Table 3.3-2) may be used to give a
conservative estimate of the deflection. Alternatively a more accurate value of Iex computed at
the actual serviceability level may be determined using the methods given in Appendix A5.
Because Iex > Iserv = 5.0 x 106 mm4, the 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal is satisfactory for deflection.
10.4.2 Continuous Beam

The calculated minimum second moment of area required for
deflection of a continuous beam is Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4, and
the maximum design moments for serviceability loads are:
Maximum positive moment (between supports)
Mserv =
5.0 kNm
Maximum negative moment (at a support)
Mserv =
12.0 kNm
What size DuraGal equal angle with the vertical leg up is required?
Solution:
Select an equal angle with a full second moment of area equal to or greater than that required.
Choose a 125 x 125 x 6.0 CA DuraGal from Table 3.12(a)
In = 2.24 x 106 mm4
> Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4
moment with the maximum moment for the equal angle to be fully effective from Table 10.1.
10-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Positive moment (tips of vertical leg in compression)
MfnT = 3.66 kNm
< Mserv = 5.0 kNm
Negative moment (horizontal leg in compression)
MfnB = 6.76 kNm
< Mserv = 12.0 kNm
Therefore the full second moment of area In = 2.24 x 106 mm4 cannot be used, and it is
recommended that the minimum effective second moment of area for positive or negative moment
be used to conservatively estimate the beam deflection.
The effective second moments of area of the 125 x 125 x 6.0 CA DuraGal for positive and
negative moments are obtained from Table 3.14(a) and are respectively:
IenT = 1.11 x 106 mm4
< Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4
IenB = 2.13 x 106 mm4
> Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4
Because IenT is less than the calculated minimum second moment of area, a larger section is
required.
Choose a 125 x 125 x 7.0 CA DuraGal from Table 3.12(a)
In = 2.58 x 106 mm4
> Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4
moment with the maximum moment for the equal angle to be fully effective from Table 10.1.
Positive moment (tips in compression)
MfnT = 5.86 kNm
> Mserv = 5.0 kNm
Negative moment (horizontal leg in compression)
MfnB = 10.7 kNm
< Mserv = 12.0 kNm
For the maximum positive moment the section is fully effective and use of the full second moment
of area for estimating the deflection is satisfactory, but for the maximum negative moment the
section is not fully effective and use of the full second moment of area for estimating the deflection
is not satisfactory. The effective second moment of area of the 125 x 125 x 7.0 CA DuraGal for
maximum negative moment is obtained from Table 3.14(a):
IenB = 2.57 x 106 mm4
> Iserv = 2.0 x 106 mm4
Therefore the 125 x 125 x 7.0 CA DuraGal is satisfactory.

In this case the smaller value of In for positive moment and IenB for negative moment must be
used.
Use I = 2.57 x 106 mm4 for all deflection calculations.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

10-3
Table 10.1
Equal Angles
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
MAXIMUM MOMENT for

SECTIONS to be FULLY EFFECTIVE
bending about n- and p-axes
Grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
Thick.
mm mm mm
Mass
MAXIMUM MOMENT for SECTIONS to be FULLY EFFECTIVE
per
n- and p-axes
metre
MfnT = MfpR
MfnB = MfpL
kg/m
kNm
kNm
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
8.57
5.70
3.57
1.63
15.6
10.5
6.67
3.08
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
8.81
5.86
3.66
1.65
0.869
15.8
10.7
6.76
3.09
1.65
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
8.15
6.11
3.81
1.69
0.886
16.2
10.9
6.91
3.11
1.66
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
6.53
5.78
3.89
1.71
0.895
15.9
11.0
6.99
3.12
1.66
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
4.45
3.95
3.86
1.75
0.916
10.4
9.47
7.19
3.15
1.68
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
2.86
1.79
0.935
6.83
3.18
1.70
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
1.64
1.33
0.983
0.229
3.67
3.21
1.74
0.422
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
0.877
0.232
1.76
0.424
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
0.685
0.236
1.64
0.428
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
0.192
0.439
NOTES:
10-4
1. Values of Mf are limited to the yield stress fy in the extreme compression fibre.
2. MfnT is for compression at point "T";
MfnB is for compression at point "B";
MfpR is for compression at point "R";
MfpL is for compression at point "L".
4. Moments are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 10.2
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
MAXIMUM MOMENT for

bending about n- and p-axes
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
per
n-axis
p-axis
Thick.
metre
MfnT
MfnB
MfpR
MfpL
mm
kg/m
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
5.38
4.34
3.54
3.59
1.70
0.891
6.88
5.85
3.11
1.74
1.40
1.01
3.86
1.74
0.949
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
Unequal Angles
Designation
2. MfnT is for compression at point "T";
MfnB is for compression at point "B";
MfpR is for compression at point "R";
MfpL is for compression at point "L".
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

10-5
Table 10.3
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
MAXIMUM MOMENT for

bending about x- and y-axes
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Channels
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per

x-axis
y-axis
Thick.
metre
Mfx
MfyL
MfyR
mm
kg/m
kNm
kNm
kNm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
118
80.1
49.8
35.0
23.9
15.4
14.0
12.4
8.02
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
38.5
19.9
7.95
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
46.6
17.3
8.18
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
38.3
16.2
21.3
9.73
8.04
3.56
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
14.1
11.3
3.54
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
11.0
14.7
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
5.60
8.36
3.51
1.87
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
6.18
5.48
1.97
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
5.48
3.12
1.36
NOTES:
10-6
2. MfyR is for compression at point "R";
MfyL is for compression at point "L".
fu = 450 MPa).

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
AXIAL COMPRESSION CAPACITY

CONTENTS
11.1
11
Page
SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 11-1
11.2
DESIGN METHOD ......................................................................................... 11-1
11.2.1 Design Axial Compression Force ................................................................... 11-1
11.2.2 Effective Length.............................................................................................. 11-2
11.3
EXAMPLES ................................................................................................... 11-4
11.3.1 Equal Angle .................................................................................................... 11-4
11.3.2 Channel .......................................................................................................... 11-5
TABLES & GRAPHS

Design Axial Compression Force (Nc*)
11.1
Equal Angles: lesser of flexural buckling about y-axis and flexural-torsional

buckling about x- and z-axes.......................................................................... 11-6
11.2
Unequal Angles: flexural-torsional buckling about x-, y- and z-axes .............. 11-9
11
AXIAL
COMPRESSION
CAPACITY
11.31 Channels: flexural-torsional buckling about x- and z-axes ........................... 11-10

11.32 Channels: flexural buckling about y-axis ...................................................... 11-12
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

AXIAL COMPRESSION CAPACITY
11
11.1 SCOPE
This section contains tables and graphs which give the maximum design member force (N c ) for
angles and channels subject to axial compression for the following cases:
Equal Angles:
flexural buckling about the y-axis (based on ley) or flexural-torsional buckling

about the x- and z-axes (based on lex = lez)
Unequal Angles: flexural-torsional buckling about x-, y- and z-axes (based on lex = ley = lez)
Channels:
flexural-torsional buckling about x- and z-axes (based on lex = lez)

flexural buckling about y-axis (based on ley)
The tables assume the angles and channels are concentrically loaded all loads act through
the centroid of the effective section as per Clause 3.4 of AS/NZS 4600. However, latest
research[3] shows that for the purpose of the design of angles using Clause 3.4 of AS/NZS
4600, the axial loads can be assumed to be applied through the centroid of the full section.
11.2 DESIGN METHOD

11.2.1 Design Axial Compression Force
The maximum design member force ( N c ) is calculated in accordance with Clause 3.4 of
AS/NZS 4600, and can be read directly from the tables or graphs for a range of effective lengths.
The design compression capacity for angles and channels is based on the least of the elastic
stresses resulting from:
Equal angles and channels - flexural buckling about the y-axis
- flexural-torsional buckling about the x- and z-axes
Unequal Angles
- flexural-torsional buckling about the x-, y- and z-axes
The effective length must be determined for each axis about which buckling may occur. Guidance
on the selection of the appropriate effective length to use for design is given in Section 11.2.2.
Local buckling is included by the use of effective area (Ae) in computing the section capacity
(fcNs) and the member capacity (fcNc).
For angles, all possible buckling modes are taken into account in a single table, assuming that
the effective lengths lex, ley and lez for buckling about each of the x-, y- and z-axes respectively,
are equal. However, if the actual effective lengths are not equal, then the larger of lex, ley and lez
should be used as the effective length (le) in the tables.
According to AS/NZS 4600, angles must be designed for the design axial force (N*) acting
simultaneously with a moment equal to N l /1000 about the y-axis causing compression in the
angle tips where l is the unbraced length of the member in compression. Latest research[3] has
concluded that this additional moment of N l /1000 need only be applied to slender angles
(Ae/Af < 1.0 refer to the tables in Section 3). The tables have been produced on the basis of
this research with the additional moment N l /1000 applied to slender angles only.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

11-1
For channels, two tables are provided. Table 11.31 takes into account the flexural-torsional
buckling modes about the x- and z-axes assuming that the effective lengths (lex and lez) about
these axes are equal. Table 11.32 takes into account the flexural buckling mode about the yaxis.
Channels are designed for axial compression by checking the flexural-torsional buckling about
in Table 11.31) and the flexural buckling about the y-axis (N cy

in
the x- and z-axes (N cxz
Table 11.32). The effective length (le) used in Table 11.31 is equal to the larger of lex and lez.
For Table 11.32 the effective length (le) used is equal to ley. The maximum design member
and N obtained from Tables 11.31 and 11.32 respectively.
force (N c) is the minimum of N cxz
cy
A detailed discussion of the axial compression capacity calculations is included in Appendix A6.
11.2.2 Effective Length

The effective length of a compression member for flexural buckling about the principal x- and
y-axes (lex and ley respectively) and for twisting (lez) depends on the translational and the rotational
restraints at the ends of the member, and may be either smaller or larger than the actual length.
Guidance on determining the effective length for flexural buckling is provided in Notes 1 and 2 in
Clause 3.4.2 of AS/NZS 4600.
For members braced against sidesway and for truss members the effective length is equal
to the unbraced length. However, a rational analysis may be used to justify smaller effective
lengths with the exception of truss members for which the effective length is always equal to the
unbraced length.
For unbraced members the effective length is calculated using a rational method but should
not be less than the unbraced length.
Since AS/NZS 4600 allows the use of a rational analysis to justify a smaller effective length it is
recommended that to determine the effective length for members with idealised end restraints,
the method in Clause 4.6.3 of AS 4100 (Figure 11.1(1)) be adopted. However, for truss members
the effective length is always equal to the unbraced length.
For flexural buckling about the principal x- and y-axes the effective lengths (lex and ley) are
determined using the following formula:
le
where ke
l
= ke l
= effective length factor

= unbraced length of the compression member
The member effective length factor (ke) can be determined using Clause 4.6.3 of AS 4100 or by
a rational frame buckling analysis. Alternatively, for idealised end restraints, values of ke may be
taken from Figure 11.1(1).
The torsional effective length (lez) is usually assumed to be the distance between points of
torsional restraint. More detailed guidance to calculate the torsional effective length (lez) is given
in Figure 11.1(2) for channels, adapted from Talja and Salmi[8].
11-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Figure 11.1(1) Flexural Effective Length Factor (ke) for Members with Idealised End
Restraints
Figure 11.1(2) Torsional Effective Length Factor (ke) for Channels with Idealised End
Restraints
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

11-3
11.3 EXAMPLES
11.3.1 Equal Angle
What size DuraGal equal angle with an unbraced length of 1.5 m is required to resist a design
axial compression force of 80 kN? The member is pin ended and is unrestrained against torsional
buckling along its length. The member is concentrically loaded (the load passes through the
centroid of the effective section). The member is fully braced against sidesway.
Solution:
Design axial compression force
N = 80.0 kN
lx = ly = lz = 1.5 m
Unbraced length
Restraint conditions
- Pin ended with torsional restraints (about z-axis) at the ends

- Unrestrained against torsional buckling along its length
- Braced against sidesway
Effective Length Calculations

For flexural buckling (lex = ley)
Effective length factor
ke = 1.0 (Figure 11.1(1))

lex = ley = 1.0 x 1.5
Effective length
= 1.5 m
For torsional buckling

Effective length factor
ke = 1.0 (Figure 11.1(2))
Effective length
lez = 1.0 x 1.5

= 1.5 m
Maximum Design axial compression force (N c )

Using le = 1.5 m
75 x 75 x 6.0 CA DuraGal (6.56 kg/m)
N c = 92.7 kN (Table 11.11(b))
> N = 80.0 kN
90 x 90 x 5.0 CA DuraGal (6.37 kg/m)
N c = 99.1 kN (Table 11.11(a))
> N = 80.0 kN
Both angles are satisfactory for this load case.
Select 90 x 90 x 5.0 CA DuraGal because of the lower mass.
11-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
11.3.2 Channel
What size DuraGal channel is required for the
bottom chord of the truss shown with lateral
restraints at the quarter (node) points and
without restraints at the quarter points? The total
length of the bottom chord is 12.0 m and the
maximum design axial compression in the chord
under wind uplift is 100 kN. The truss web
members are assumed to provide torsional restraint to the chords. The load
can be assumed to be compression only (no moment) applied through the
centroid of the effective section.
Solution:
(a) Lateral and torsional restraints at quarter points
Unbraced length
N = 100 kN
lx = ly = lz = 3.0 m
Effective length = unbraced length (AS/NZS 4600 Clause 3.4.2 Note 1 - truss member)
Effective length
lex = ley = lez = 3.0 m
For flexural-torsional buckling about the x- and z-axes, use Table 11.31 with le = 3.0 m.
Select a 150 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal
= 156 kN > N = 100 kN

N cxz
For flexural buckling about the y-axis, use Table 11.32 with le = 3.0 m.
= 122 kN > N = 100 kN

Check the 150 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal N cy
(b) Torsional restraints but no lateral restraints at quarter points

Unbraced lengths
N = 100 kN
ly = lz = 3.0 m
lx = 12.0 m
Effective length = unbraced length (AS/NZS 4600 Clause 3.4.2 Note 1 - truss members)
Effective lengths
ley = lez = 3.0 m

lex = 12.0 m
For flexural-torsional buckling about the x- and z-axes, use Table 11.31 with le = 12.0 m.
Select a 230 x 75 x 6.0 CC DuraGal
= 120 kN > N = 100 kN

N cxz
For flexural buckling about the y-axis, use Table 11.32 with le = 3.0 m.
= 171 kN > N = 100 kN

Check the 230 x 75 x 6.0 CC DuraGal N cy

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

11-5
Equal Angles
11-6
Table 11.1(a)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
AXIAL COMPRESSION FORCE

LESSER of flexural buckling about y-axis and
flexural-torsional buckling about the x- and z-axes

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
Thick.
MAXIMUM DESIGN AXIAL COMPRESSION FORCE

N c (kN)
cNs
kg/m
kN
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
547
434
355
219
340
235
148
69.3
336
233
146
68.8
333
231
145
68.3
329
228
144
67.8
324
225
142
67.2
318
222
141
66.6
312
218
139
65.9
305
214
137
65.2
296
209
135
64.5
285
203
132
63.7
247
190
126
61.9
195
162
119
59.7
152
132
105
57.3
122
106
88.0
54.4
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
521
417
345
214
145
368
268
179
83.7
44.0
363
265
177
83.0
43.6
357
261
175
82.2
43.2
350
256
172
81.3
42.8
342
251
169
80.2
42.4
331
244
165
79.1
41.9
317
236
161
77.8
41.3
293
226
156
76.4
40.8
255
211
150
74.7
40.1
215
184
143
72.9
39.4
153
134
113
68.5
37.9
114
100
85.9
61.5
36.0
88.8
77.8
66.8
50.5
33.8
71.0
62.2
53.4
41.5
29.9
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
481
390
329
207
141
369
288
211
106
55.5
361
282
208
104
54.8
350
275
203
102
54.1
335
265
197
100
53.3
308
252
190
97.7
52.3
255
225
179
94.5
51.1
208
184
158
90.7
49.8
167
148
129
86.0
48.3
134
119
103
77.3
46.5
110
97.3
84.6
66.0
44.4
77.6
68.9
59.9
48.0
36.2
57.8
51.3
44.7
35.9
28.2
44.8
39.8
34.6
27.9
21.9
35.7
31.7
27.6
22.3
17.6
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
454
374
319
203
139
356
285
220
117
61.9
354
277
215
115
61.0
351
267
209
112
60.0
338
253
200
109
58.7
287
218
188
105
57.2
234
175
157
99.1
55.3
185
137
121
90.9
53.0
142
107
94.3
74.5
50.3
112
85.9
75.5
61.1
45.4
90.8
70.4
61.8
50.1
38.8
63.1
49.7
43.7
35.5
28.2
46.3
37.0
32.5
26.5
21.1
35.5
28.6
25.1
20.5
16.4
28.0
22.8
20.0
16.4
13.1
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
mm
Design
Section
Capacity
The effective length exceeds 200ry for values to the right of the solid line.
Values are not listed when the effective length exceeds 300ry.
The values in the table are based on le = lex = ley = lez.
The force is assumed to be applied through the centroid of the effective section.
Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and
fu = 450 MPa).
6. Axial compression forces are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 11.1(b)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

LESSER of flexural buckling about y-axis and


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
Mass
per
metre
Thick.
mm mm mm
Design
Section
Capacity

N c (kN)
cN s
kg/m
kN
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
372
329
299
194
135
315
264
222
130
74.5
313
262
214
126
72.8
291
258
202
122
70.7
240
214
171
115
67.8
188
168
127
101
63.9
139
124
92.7
77.3
57.8
102
91.4
69.3
57.9
45.9
78.2
70.0
53.8
45.0
36.2
61.8
55.3
43.0
36.0
29.0
50.0
44.8
35.1
29.4
23.7
34.7
31.1
24.7
20.8
16.8
25.5
22.9
18.4
15.4
12.5
19.5
17.5
14.2
11.9
9.67
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
274
186
131
212
135
82.2
210
130
79.6
190
122
75.9
142
101
70.3
98.4
71.4
56.7
68.3
50.6
41.1
50.2
37.8
30.7
38.4
29.3
23.9
30.4
23.4
19.1
24.6
19.1
15.6
17.1
13.4
11.0
12.6
9.98
8.17
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
205
166
121
46.3
176
130
88.2
27.2
153
127
82.4
26.2
106
91.2
64.0
24.6
63.8
57.2
40.4
22.3
40.9
36.6
26.5
16.7
28.4
25.4
18.7
12.0
20.8
18.7
13.9
9.01
16.0
14.3
10.8
7.00
12.6
11.3
8.59
5.60
10.2
9.15
7.01
4.58
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
116
45.2
85.5
28.9
77.0
27.4
48.8
25.0
29.2
18.8
19.1
12.5
13.5
8.88
10.0
6.63
7.75
5.14
6.17
4.11
5.03
3.35
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
107
43.8
83.7
30.0
70.0
27.8
41.2
22.0
23.2
13.5
14.8
8.87
10.3
6.28
7.56
4.68
5.79
3.62
2.89
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
39.2
28.2
18.9
3.68
2.59
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
9.69
5.63
11-7
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Equal Angles
11-8
Table 11.2
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

flexural-torsional buckling about the x-, y- and z-axes


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Thick.
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Design
Section
Capacity

N c (kN)
cNs
kg/m
kN
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
252
180
128
190
121
75.3
166
111
70.4
124
92.2
61.8
83.3
67.8
48.9
56.0
46.8
36.9
40.1
33.9
27.2
30.1
25.6
20.8
23.5
20.0
16.3
18.8
16.1
13.1
15.4
13.2
10.8
10.9
9.31
7.65
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Unequal Angles
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 11.31
LIMIT STATE DESIGN


DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre
(kN)
N cxz
cNs
Thick.
mm
Design
Section
Capacity
kg/m
kN
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
1170
954
803
1070
879
736
853
711
586
654
537
429
526
406
305
447
332
240
399
290
205
368
264
183
345
247
169
327
233
158
311
222
150
279
203
138
243
184
128
207
164
118
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
779
706
553
392
282
229
199
180
166
155
146
129
112
120
96.1
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
746
652
465
323
250
214
193
178
166
155
144
98.2
79.7
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
720
474
615
413
424
298
305
192
242
143
209
119
187
106
169
96.1
153
88.6
137
82.1
122
76.0
94.9
64.3
74.2
53.4
58.9
44.1
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
465
399
276
180
136
115
101
91.4
83.0
75.3
68.1
55.0
44.1
35.7
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
156
122
102
445
362
235
88.7
77.5
67.7
59.0
51.4
39.3
30.5
24.2
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
298
226
131
86.2
67.8
56.9
48.7
41.7
35.7
30.6
26.3
19.7
15.1
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
257
173
103
74.9
58.2
45.2
35.1
27.6
22.0
17.9
14.8
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
207
125
53.7
35.1
24.0
17.3
13.0
10.1
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
83.3
The effective length exceeds 200rx for values to the right of the solid line.
Values are not listed when the effective length exceeds 300rx.
Axial compression forces are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
11-9
Channels
11-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Channels
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 11.32
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

flexural buckling about y-axis

DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
N cy
cNs
Thick.
mm
Design
Section
Capacity
kg/m
kN
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
1170
954
803
1160
949
799
1140
933
785
1100
908
762
1060
873
731
995
830
694
924
778
649
838
715
600
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
779
775
762
740
712
676
634
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
746
739
720
688
646
593
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
720
474
714
471
696
460
666
442
620
419
563
390
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
465
461
451
434
411
383
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
745
649
547
651
577
492
560
497
430
399
354
309
293
260
227
224
199
174
588
537
482
415
293
216
165
529
451
375
304
246
171
126
96.2
495
357
425
320
356
282
292
236
236
191
164
133
121
97.6
92.3
74.7
350
313
270
228
185
129
94.6
72.4
175
122
445
442
432
415
389
358
324
287
250
213
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
298
295
286
272
250
224
196
168
140
113
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
257
252
236
212
183
148
113
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
207
199
177
146
112
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
79.1
54.9
89.3
68.3
91.4
63.5
46.6
35.7
16.0
83.4
63.8
50.4
40.9
28.4
21
40.4
30.9
24.4
20
13.7
10.1
The values in the table are based on le = ley.
Axial compression forces are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
11-11
Channels
11-12

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

11-13
12
AXIAL TENSION CAPACITY

CONTENTS
Page
12.1
SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 12-1
12.2
DESIGN METHOD ......................................................................................... 12-1
12.3
EXAMPLES ................................................................................................... 12-1
12.3.1 Angle Connected Through One Leg Only ...................................................... 12-1
12.3.2 Channel Connected Through Web Only ......................................................... 12-2
TABLES
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

AXIAL TENSION
CAPACITY
Design Axial Tension Capacities (tNt) for Equal Angles ............................... 12-3
Design Axial Tension Capacities (tNt) for Unequal Angles ........................... 12-4
Design Axial Tension Capacities (tNt) for Channels ...................................... 12-5
12
12.1
12.2
12.3
AXIAL TENSION CAPACITY
12
12.1 SCOPE
This section contains tables which give the design capacity for angles and channels subject to
axial tension. These tables provide axial tension capacities for the following end connection
configurations:
Angles
fully welded ends

bolted or welded connection to one leg only
Channels fully welded ends

bolted or welded connection to the web only
bolted or welded connection to both flanges
12.2 DESIGN METHOD

The design axial tension capacity (ftNt) is calculated in accordance with Clause 3.2 of
AS/NZS 4600, and can be read directly from the tables for the end connection configurations
listed in Section 12.1.
The design axial tension capacities given in the tables for bolted angles and channels assume
a bolt hole diameter of 18 mm or 22 mm. If the member end connection has a bolt hole diameter
smaller than the diameter specified in the table, the design axial tension capacity given in the
table can be used conservatively. Alternatively, the design axial tension capacity may be calculated
accurately using the method given in Appendix A7.
12.3 EXAMPLES
12.3.1 Angle Connected Through One Leg Only
Design a DuraGal equal angle tension member connected at the ends with a single row of M16
bolts (18 mm hole size) through one leg only, with a design tension force of 100 kN.
Solution:
Design axial tension force
Bolt hole diameter
N = 100 kN
= 18 mm
Using Table 12.1 for a single row of M16 bolts in one leg, the required angle size is:
ftNt = 114 kN
> N = 100 kN
The 50 x 50 x 5.0 CA DuraGal is satisfactory for this load case.

For the angle selected, block shear rupture needs to be checked in accordance with Clause
5.6.3 of AS/NZS 4600 as outlined in Appendix A7.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

12-1
12.3.2 Channel Connected Through Web Only

Design a DuraGal channel tension member connected at the ends with two rows of M20 bolts
(22 mm hole size) through the web only, with a design tension force of 400 kN.
Solution:
Design axial tension force
Bolt hole diameter
N = 400 kN
= 22 mm
Using Table 12.3 for two rows of M20 bolts in the web, the required channel size is:
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal
ftNt = 414 kN
> N = 400 kN

For the channel selected, block shear rupture needs to be checked in accordance with Clause
5.6.3 of AS/NZS 4600 as outlined in Appendix A7.
12-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 12.1
Equal Angles
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
AXIAL TENSION CAPACITIES

Fully Welded / One Leg Connected

Designation
Mass
per
Nominal
b1
b2
metre
ONE LEG CONNECTED

Welded
Bolted
No Holes
Hole
tNt (kN)
tNt
tNt
Diameter
kg/m
kN
kN
mm
Thickness
mm mm mm
FULLY
WELDED
No. of Bolt Rows
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
790
694
664
526
671
590
564
447
22
22
22
22
620
545
521
413
568
500
478
380
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
652
574
549
436
354
554
488
467
371
301
18
18
18
18
18
512
451
432
343
279
470
414
397
316
257
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
515
453
434
346
281
437
385
369
294
239
18
18
18
18
18
395
348
334
267
217
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
460
405
388
310
252
391
344
330
264
215
18
18
18
18
18
348
307
295
236
192
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
377
333
320
256
209
320
283
272
218
177
18
18
18
18
18
278
246
237
190
155
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
274
220
180
233
187
153
18
18
18
198
160
131
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
205
166
136
70.5
174
141
116
59.9
18
18
18
18
139
114
93.5
48.7
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
122
63.2
103
53.7
18
18
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
107
55.8
91.0
47.4
18
18
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
41.1
35.0
18
NOTES:
1. Tension capacity is governed by tension fracture in accordance with Clause 3.2 of AS/NZS 4600 unless noted.
2. Block shear rupture may need to be checked in accordance with Clause 5.6.3 of AS/NZS 4600.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

12-3
Table 12.2
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Fully Welded / One Leg Connected
Unequal Angles

Designation
Mass
per
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
12-4
metre
LONG LEG CONNECTED

Welded
Bolted
SHORT LEG CONNECTED

Welded
Bolted
No Holes
Hole
tNt (kN)
No Holes
Hole
tNt (kN)
t N t
tN t
Diameter
Bolt Rows
tNt
Diameter
Bolt Rows
kg/m
kN
kN
mm
kN
mm
5.38
4.34
3.54
262
211
172
223
180
147
18
18
18
188
152
124
197
159
129
18
18
18
166
134
110
Thickness
mm
FULLY
WELDED

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 12.3
LIMIT STATE DESIGN

Fully Welded / Web Connected / Flange Connected
DuraGal Channels
Mass
per
Nominal
FULLY
WELDED
metre
WEB CONNECTED
Welded
No Holes
Hole
FLANGE CONNECTED
Bolted
Welded
tNt (kN)
No Holes
tNt (kN)
t N t
t N t
Diameter
kg/m
kN
kN
mm
kN
mm
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
1250
1100
1050
1060
934
895
22
22
22
1010
889
852
959
844
809
908
799
766
1060
934
895
22
22
22
959
844
809
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
938
797
22
754
711
668
797
22
711
bf
mm
mm
Thickness
mm
tNt
Bolted
Hole
No. of Bolt Rows
Diameter Bolt Rows
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
823
699
22
657
614
699
22
614
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
754
603
641
512
22
22
598
479
555
445
641
512
22
22
555
445
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
567
482
22
448
414
482
22
414
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
513
436
18
408
381
436
18
381
352
299
18
277
299
18
255
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
272
231
18
209
231
18
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
207
176
18
154
176
18
NOTES:
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

12-5
Channels
Designation
[ BLANK ]
12-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CONTENTS
Page
13.1
SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 13-1
13.2
COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND BENDING ................................. 13-1
13.3
COMBINED AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING ............................................ 13-3
13.4
EXAMPLES ................................................................................................... 13-4
13.4.1 Channel subject to Combined Axial Compression and Bending .................... 13-4
13.4.2 Angle subject to Combined Axial Tension and Bending ................................. 13-7
TABLES
13.11 Elastic Buckling Load for Equal Angles buckling about x-axis ..................... 13-10
13.12 Elastic Buckling Load for Equal Angles buckling about y-axis ..................... 13-12
13.21 Elastic Buckling Load for Unequal Angles buckling about x-axis ................. 13-14
13.22 Elastic Buckling Load for Unequal Angles buckling about y-axis ................. 13-15
13.31 Elastic Buckling Load for Channels buckling about x-axis ........................... 13-16
13.32 Elastic Buckling Load for Channels buckling about y-axis ........................... 13-17
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

COMBINED
ACTIONS
13
13
COMBINED ACTIONS
13
COMBINED ACTIONS
13.1 SCOPE
This section contains the interaction formulae which are used to calculate the design capacity
of a member subject to combined axial force and bending. Tables are provided for the elastic
buckling loads for angles and channels buckling about the principal x- and y-axes. The elastic
buckling loads are used to determine the moment amplification factors in the combined axial
compression and bending interaction equations.
Additional tables are provided in Section 18 for the special case of eccentrically loaded single
angles used as web members in trusses.
13.2 COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND BENDING

For a member subject to combined axial compression and bending, the design axial compression
force (N ), and the design bending moment (M x and M y ) about the x- and y-axes must satisfy
the following interaction equations from Clause 3.5.1 of AS/NZS 4600:
N
(a)
c N c
N
(b)
If
c N s
N
c N c
Cmx M x
b M bx nx
M x
b M bx
Cmy M y
b M by ny
M y
b M by
10
.
10
.
0.15 , the following interaction may be used in lieu of items (a) and (b):
N
c N c
where
M x
b M bx
M y
b M by
10
.
= design axial compression force
fcNc = design member axial compression capacity (Section 11)

fcNs = design section axial compression capacity (Section 6)
M x
= design bending moment about the x-axis
M y
= design bending moment about the y-axis

For angles, AS/NZS 4600 requires that M y shall be taken either as the
required flexural moment, or the required flexural moment plus N l 1000
about the y-axis causing compression at the tips of the angle legs, whichever
results in a lower value of N where l is the length of the member. Latest
research[3] indicates that this additional eccentricity of N l 1000 need only
be applied to slender sections (Ae Af < 10
. refer to Section 3).
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-1
fbMbx = design member moment capacity about the x-axis calculated using Cb or
Cm = 1.0 (Section 7)
fbMby = design member moment capacity about the y-axis calculated using
fc
= 0.85 (AS/NZS 4600 Table 1.6)
fb
= 0.95 for channels bending about the y-axis with the web in compression
= 0.9 for angles bending about the x- or y-axis, and for channels bending
about the x-axis or about the y-axis with the flange tips in compression
(AS/NZS 4600 Table 1.6)
Cmx
= coefficient for unequal end moment about the x-axis
Cmy
= coefficient for unequal end moment about the y-axis

Values of Cm are calculated in accordance with Clause 3.5.1 of
AS/NZS 4600 as follows:
(i) For compression members in frames subject to joint translation
(side-sway):
Cm = 0.85
(ii) For restrained compression members in frames braced against joint
translation and not subject to transverse loading between their supports
in the plane of bending:
Cm = 0.6 0.4(M 1 M 2 )
M1/M2 is the ratio of the smaller to the larger moment at the ends of
that portion of the member under consideration which is unbraced in
the plane of bending. M1/M2 is positive if the member is bent in reverse
curvature and negative if it is bent in single curvature.
(iii) For compression members in frames braced against joint translation in
the plane of loading and subject to transverse loading between their
supports, the value of Cm may be determined by rational analysis.
However, in lieu of such analysis, the following values may be used:
(A) For members whose ends are restrained:
Cm = 0.85
(B) For members whose ends are unrestrained:
Cm = 10
.
anx, any = moment amplification factors

N
= 1
Ne
Ne = elastic buckling load (given in the tables in this section)

=
Ib
2 EI b
2
leb
= second moment of area of the full section about the bending axis
leb = effective length in the plane of bending
13-2

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
13.3 COMBINED AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING

For members subject to axial tension and bending, the following interaction equations from
Clause 3.5.2 of AS/NZS 4600 must be satisfied:
M x
b M bx
N
t N t
where
M y
b M by
M x
b M sxf
N
t N t
M y
b M syf
10
.
10
.
= design axial tensile force
ft
= 0.9 (AS/NZS 4600 Table 1.6)
ftNt
= design section capacity of the member in tension (Section 12)
fb
= 0.95 for channels bending about the y-axis with the web in compression
= 0.9 for angles bending about the x- or y-axis, and for channels bending
about the x-axis or about the y-axis with the flange tips in compression
(AS/NZS 4600 Table 1.6)
M x
= design bending moment about the x-axis
M y
= design bending moment about the y-axis
fbMbx = design member moment capacity about the x-axis calculated using Cb or
fbMby = design member moment capacity about the y-axis calculated using
Msxf
= section yield capacity of the full section about the x-axis

= fbZftxfy
Msyf
= section yield capacity of the full section about the y-axis

= fbZftyfy
Zft
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
= section modulus of the full unreduced section for the extreme tension
fibres about the appropriate axis (Section 3)

13-3
13.4 EXAMPLES
13.4.1 Channel subject to Combined Axial Compression and Bending
Check the ability of a 3.0 m long 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal to resist the combined design axial
compression force and the design biaxial bending moments shown. The member is braced
against sidesway and is not subjected to any transverse loading between supports. For bending
about the y-axis, the channel web is in compression. The axial compression force is assumed to
act through the centroid of the effective section. The loads causing the moments are assumed
to act through the shear centre.
the effective lengths are given as:
lex = ley = lez = 3.0 m
Axial compression
Bending about x-axis
ley = lez = 3.0 m
Bending about y-axis
lex = lez = 3.0 m
Solution:
Design action effects:
Axial compression force
N = 60.0 kN
Bending moment about x-axis M x = 5.0 kNm

Bending moment about y-axis M y = 1.0 kNm
Axial compression
For 180 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal:
Design section axial compression capacity
fcNs = 465 kN (Table 6.3)
13-4

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
Design member axial compression capacity

for flexural-torsional buckling about the x- and z-axes
= 180 kN (Table 11.31)

fcNcxz = N cxz
for flexural buckling about the y-axes
= 129 kN (Table 11.32)

fcNcy = N cy
fcNc = 129 kN
Use the smaller value

N
N c
60.0
129
= 0.465 > 0.15
Therefore the interaction equations to be used are:
N
c N c
N
and
c N s
Cmx M x
b M bx nx
M x
b M bx
Cmy M y
b M by ny
M y
b M by
10
.
10
.

Design member moment capacity
fbMbx = 15.4 kNm (Table 7.31)
(using bending coefficient Cb = 1.0 for combined axial load and bending moment in accordance
with Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600)
End moment ratio M1 / M2 = 0
The coefficient for unequal end moments to be used in the interaction equations is:
Cmx = 0.6
Moment amplification factor
where
Nex
N
nx = 1
N ex
= 1570 kN (Table 13.31)

60.0
nx = 1
= 0.962
1570

fbMby = 6.02 kNm (Table 7.35)
(using coefficient for unequal end moments Cm = 1.0 for combined axial load and bending
moment in accordance with Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600)
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-5
End moment ratio M1 / M2 = -1.0

The coefficient for unequal end moments to be used in the interaction equations is:
Cmy = 0.6 - 0.4 (-1.0)

= 1.0 (AS/NZS 4600 Clause 3.5.1)
N
ny = 1
N ey
Moment amplification factor

where
Ney
= 173 kN (Table13.32)
60.0
ny = 1
= 0.653
173
Axial compression and bending interaction

N
c N c
Cmx M x
b M bx nx
Cmy M y
b M by ny
60.0
129
0.6 5.0
15.4 0.962
10
. 10
.
6.02 0.653
.
= 0.922 < 10
N
c N s
M x
b M bx
M y
b M by
60.0
465
5.0
15.4
10
.
6.02
.
= 0..620 < 10
13-6

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
13.4.2 Angle subject to Combined Axial Tension and Bending

Design a DuraGal equal angle to resist a design axial tension force combined with the design
bending moments about the x- and y-axes as shown. Bending about the minor principal y-axis
results in compression at the tips of the angle. The effective length of the member in bending
about the x- and y-axes (lex and ley) and twisting (lez) is 2.0 m. Both legs are welded at each end
connection. The loads causing the moments are assumed to act through the shear centre.
Solution:
Design action effects:
N = 300 kN
Axial tension force
Bending moment about x-axis M x = 2.0 kNm

Bending moment about y-axis M y = 0.5 kNm
Interaction Equations:
M x
b M bx
and
N
t N t
M y
b M by
M x
b M sxf
N
t N t
M y
b M syf
10
.
10
.
Try a 90 x 90 x 8.0 CA DuraGal:
Axial tension
Design axial tension capacity ftNt = 460 kN (Table 12.1 or Table 6.11)
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-7

fbMbx = 9.15 kNm (Table 7.11(a))
(using bending coefficient Cb = 1.0 for combined axial load and bending moment in accordance
with Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600)
Msxf = Zft fy
Section yield capacity

where
Zft
= Zx1 = 26.7 x 103 mm3 (Table 3.11(a))
fy
= 400 MPa
Capacity (strength reduction) factor for bending fb = 0.9 (AS/NZS 4600, Table 1.6)
fbMsxf = 9.61 kNm

fbMby = 4.30 kNm (Table 7.12(a))
(using coefficient for unequal end moments Cm = 1.0 for combined axial load and bending
moment in accordance with Clause 3.3.3.2(a) of AS/NZS 4600)
Msyf = Zft fy
Section yield capacity

where
Zft
= Zy5 = 12.7 x 103 mm3 (Table 3.11(a))
fy
= 400 MPa
Capacity (strength reduction) factor for bending fb = 0.9 (AS/NZS 4600, Table 1.6)
fbMsyf = 4.57 kNm
Axial tension and bending interaction

M x
b M bx
M y
b M by
N
t N t
2.0
9.15
0.5
4.30
300
460
= 0.317 < 10
.
N
t N t
M x
b M sxf
M y
b M syf
300
460
2.0
9.61
0.5
4.57
= 0.970 < 10
.
The 90 x 90 x 8.0 CA DuraGal is satisfactory for this load case.
13-8

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-9
13-10

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
13400
11900
10400
8340
6840
18700
16600
14400
11500
9450
37300
33100
28700
22800
18700
65600
58000
50200
39800
1.0
3350
2980
2600
2080
1710
4660
4140
3610
2880
2360
9330
8270
7170
5710
4670
16400
14500
12500
9960
1.5
1490
1330
1160
926
760
2070
1840
1600
1280
1050
4150
3670
3190
2540
2070
7290
6440
5580
4430
2.0
838
746
650
521
428
1170
1040
901
720
590
2330
2070
1790
1430
1170
4100
3620
3140
2490
2.5
537
478
416
333
274
746
663
577
461
378
1490
1320
1150
913
746
2620
2320
2010
1590
1. Elastic buckling loads are calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
3.0
373
332
289
232
190
518
460
401
320
262
1040
919
797
634
518
1820
1610
1390
1110
274
244
212
170
140
381
338
294
235
193
762
675
585
466
381
1340
1180
1020
813
3.5
210
187
163
130
107
291
259
225
180
148
583
517
448
357
292
1020
906
784
622
4.0
166
147
128
103
84.5
230
205
178
142
117
461
408
354
282
230
810
715
619
492
4.5
Effective Length, lex (m)
ELASTIC BUCKLING LOAD

Nex (kN)
buckling about x-axis
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.11(a)
5.0
134
119
104
83.4
68.4
187
166
144
115
94.5
373
331
287
228
187
656
580
502
398
5.5
111
98.7
86.0
68.9
56.5
154
137
119
95.2
78.1
309
273
237
189
154
542
479
415
329
6.0
93.2
82.9
72.3
57.9
47.5
130
115
100
80.0
65.6
259
230
199
159
130
455
402
348
277
79.4
70.6
61.6
49.3
40.5
110
98.1
85.3
68.2
55.9
221
196
170
135
110
388
343
297
236
6.5
68.4
60.9
53.1
42.5
34.9
95.2
84.6
73.6
58.8
48.2
190
169
146
116
95.2
335
296
256
203
7.0
Equal Angles
8.0
52.4
46.6
40.7
32.6
26.7
72.9
64.7
56.3
45.0
36.9
146
129
112
89.2
72.9
256
226
196
156
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-11
5.62
4.52
3.69
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
604
2220
1480
3210
2120
6570
5360
4460
2940
15100
12200
10100
30200
27000
23600
19000
15600
0.25
151
554
369
802
531
1640
1340
1110
734
3770
3050
2510
7550
6750
5900
4750
3910
0.5
67.2
246
164
356
236
730
596
495
326
1680
1350
1120
3360
3000
2620
2110
1740
0.75
37.8
139
92.3
200
133
411
335
279
184
942
761
629
1890
1690
1480
1190
977
1.0
24.2
88.7
59.1
128
85.0
263
215
178
118
603
487
402
1210
1080
944
760
625
1.25
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
b1
Designation
16.8
61.6
41.0
89.1
59.0
183
149
124
81.6
419
338
279
839
750
656
528
434
1.5
12.3
45.2
30.1
65.5
43.4
134
109
91.0
60.0
308
249
205
617
551
482
388
319
1.75
9.44
34.6
23.1
50.1
33.2
103
83.8
69.6
45.9
236
190
157
472
422
369
297
244
2.0
6.04
22.2
14.8
32.1
21.2
65.7
53.6
44.6
29.4
151
122
101
302
270
236
190
156
2.5

Nex (kN)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.11(b)
4.20
15.4
10.3
22.3
14.8
45.6
37.3
31.0
20.4
105
84.6
69.9
210
187
164
132
109
3.0
3.08
11.3
7.54
16.4
10.8
33.5
27.4
22.7
15.0
76.9
62.2
51.3
154
138
120
96.9
79.8
3.5
2.36
8.66
5.77
12.5
8.30
25.7
21.0
17.4
11.5
58.9
47.6
39.3
118
105
92.2
74.2
61.1
4.0
1.51
5.54
3.69
8.02
5.31
16.4
13.4
11.1
7.34
37.7
30.5
25.1
75.5
67.5
59.0
47.5
39.1
5.0
Equal Angles
1.87
6.84
4.56
9.90
6.56
20.3
16.6
13.8
9.07
46.5
37.6
31.0
93.3
83.3
72.9
58.6
48.3
4.5
1.05
3.85
2.56
5.57
3.69
11.4
9.31
7.74
5.10
26.2
21.1
17.5
52.5
46.8
41.0
33.0
27.1
6.0
13-12

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.25
12200
10900
9500
7950
6540
17100
15200
13300
11000
9070
34900
31000
26900
22100
18100
62000
54900
47600
38700
0.5
3050
2720
2380
1990
1640
4280
3810
3330
2760
2270
8730
7740
6730
5520
4520
15500
13700
11900
9680
0.75
1350
1210
1060
883
727
1900
1690
1480
1230
1010
3880
3440
2990
2450
2010
6890
6100
5290
4300
1.0
761
679
594
497
409
1070
953
831
690
567
2180
1940
1680
1380
1130
3880
3430
2980
2420
1.25
487
435
380
318
262
685
610
532
442
363
1400
1240
1080
883
723
2480
2200
1910
1550
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
1.5
338
302
264
221
182
476
423
369
307
252
969
860
748
613
502
1720
1530
1320
1080
249
222
194
162
133
349
311
271
225
185
712
632
550
450
369
1270
1120
972
790
1.75
190
170
148
124
102
267
238
208
173
142
545
484
421
345
282
969
858
745
605
2.0
150
134
117
98.1
80.7
211
188
164
136
112
431
382
332
272
223
766
678
588
478
2.25
Effective Length, ley (m)

Ney (kN)
buckling about y-axis
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.12(a)
2.5
122
109
95.0
79.5
65.4
171
152
133
110
90.7
349
310
269
221
181
620
549
476
387
3.0
84.6
75.5
66.0
55.2
45.4
119
106
92.4
76.7
63.0
242
215
187
153
126
431
381
331
269
3.5
62.1
55.4
48.5
40.5
33.4
87.3
77.8
67.9
56.3
46.3
178
158
137
113
92.2
316
280
243
198
47.6
42.4
37.1
31.0
25.5
66.9
59.5
52.0
43.1
35.4
136
121
105
86.2
70.6
242
215
186
151
4.0
37.6
33.5
29.3
24.5
20.2
52.8
47.0
41.1
34.1
28.0
108
95.6
83.1
68.1
55.8
191
170
147
120
4.5
Equal Angles
5.0
30.5
27.2
23.8
19.9
16.4
42.8
38.1
33.3
27.6
22.7
87.3
77.4
67.3
55.2
45.2
155
137
119
96.8
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-13
5.62
4.52
3.69
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
138
497
346
729
502
1370
1230
1020
698
3300
2850
2360
6710
6010
5270
4480
3700
0.25
34.6
124
86.5
182
125
343
307
256
174
825
712
590
1680
1500
1320
1120
925
0.5
15.4
55.2
38.4
81.0
55.7
152
136
114
77.5
367
316
262
746
668
586
498
411
0.75
8.64
31.1
21.6
45.6
31.3
85.6
76.7
64.0
43.6
206
178
147
420
376
330
280
231
1.0
5.53
19.9
13.8
29.2
20.1
54.8
49.1
40.9
27.9
132
114
94.4
269
240
211
179
148
1.25
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
b1
Designation
3.84
13.8
9.61
20.2
13.9
38.1
34.1
28.4
19.4
91.7
79.1
65.5
186
167
146
124
103
1.5
2.82
10.1
7.06
14.9
10.2
28.0
25.0
20.9
14.2
67.4
58.1
48.1
137
123
108
91.5
75.5
1.75
2.16
7.76
5.41
11.4
7.84
21.4
19.2
16.0
10.9
51.6
44.5
36.9
105
93.9
82.4
70.0
57.8
2.0
1.71
6.14
4.27
9.00
6.19
16.9
15.2
12.6
8.61
40.7
35.2
29.1
82.9
74.2
65.1
55.3
45.7
2.25

Ney (kN)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.12(b)
1.38
4.97
3.46
7.29
5.02
13.7
12.3
10.2
6.98
33.0
28.5
23.6
67.1
60.1
52.7
44.8
37.0
2.5
1.14
4.11
2.86
6.02
4.14
11.3
10.1
8.46
5.77
27.3
23.5
19.5
55.5
49.7
43.6
37.0
30.6
2.75
0.960
3.45
2.40
5.06
3.48
9.52
8.52
7.11
4.85
22.9
19.8
16.4
46.6
41.7
36.6
31.1
25.7
3.0
0.705
2.54
1.77
3.72
2.56
6.99
6.26
5.22
3.56
16.8
14.5
12.0
34.2
30.7
26.9
22.9
18.9
3.5
Equal Angles
0.818
2.94
2.05
4.31
2.97
8.11
7.26
6.06
4.13
19.5
16.9
14.0
39.7
35.6
31.2
26.5
21.9
3.25
0.540
1.94
1.35
2.85
1.96
5.35
4.79
4.00
2.73
12.9
11.1
9.22
26.2
23.5
20.6
17.5
14.5
4.0
13-14

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
14700
11900
9860
0.25
3670
2980
2460
0.5
1630
1330
1100
0.75
917
746
616
1.0
587
477
394
1.25
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
407
332
274
1.5
299
244
201
1.75
229
186
154
2.0
147
119
98.6
2.5

Nex (kN)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.21
102
82.9
68.5
3.0
74.8
60.9
50.3
3.5
Unequal Angles
4.0
57.3
46.6
38.5
4.5
45.3
36.8
30.4
5.0
36.7
29.8
24.6
6.0
25.5
20.7
17.1
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-15
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
2310
1990
1660
0.25
577
498
414
0.5
257
222
184
0.75
144
125
103
1.0
92.4
79.7
66.2
1.25
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation
64.1
55.4
46.0
1.5
47.1
40.7
33.8
1.75
36.1
31.2
25.9
2.0
23.1
19.9
16.6
2.5
19.1
16.5
13.7
2.75
Unequal Angles
28.5
24.6
20.4
2.25

Ney (kN)
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.22
16.0
13.8
11.5
3.0
13.7
11.8
9.80
3.25
11.8
10.2
8.45
3.5
9.02
7.79
6.47
4.0
13-16

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
NOTES:
901
2140
4450
9220
14100
22200
18100
31100
43300
87200
77300
67200
1.0
577
1370
2850
5900
9040
14200
11600
19900
27700
55800
49500
43000
1.25
401
950
1980
4100
6280
9860
8060
13800
19300
38700
34400
29900
1.5
294
698
1450
3010
4610
7240
5920
10100
14100
28500
25200
21900
1.75
2.0
225
534
1110
2300
3530
5550
4530
7760
10800
21800
19300
16800
4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
10.5
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
144
342
712
1480
2260
3550
2900
4970
6930
13900
12400
10700
2.5
100
237
494
1020
1570
2460
2010
3450
4810
9680
8590
7460
3.0
73.6
174
363
753
1150
1810
1480
2540
3540
7120
6310
5480
3.5
56.3
134
278
576
883
1390
1130
1940
2710
5450
4830
4200
4.0

Nex (kN)
DuraGal Channels
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.31
Channels
36.0
85.5
178
369
565
887
725
1240
1730
3490
3090
2690
5.0
25.0
59.4
124
256
393
616
504
863
1200
2420
2150
1870
6.0
18.4
43.6
90.8
188
288
453
370
634
884
1780
1580
1370
7.0
14.1
33.4
69.5
144
221
347
283
485
677
1360
1210
1050
8.0
11.1
26.4
54.9
114
174
274
224
383
535
1080
954
829
9.0
9.01
21.4
44.5
92.2
141
222
181
311
433
872
773
672
10.0
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

13-17
NOTES:
663
1370
3060
5870
6220
7930
6410
8250
14200
19200
17100
14900
0.5
295
609
1360
2610
2760
3520
2850
3670
6300
8550
7610
6620
0.75
166
343
766
1470
1550
1980
1600
2060
3540
4810
4280
3730
1.0
106
219
490
939
994
1270
1030
1320
2270
3080
2740
2380
1.25
1.5
73.7
152
340
652
691
881
713
917
1570
2140
1900
1660
5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
41.4
85.6
192
367
388
495
401
516
886
1200
1070
931
2.0
26.5
54.8
123
235
249
317
257
330
567
770
684
596
2.5
18.4
38.1
85.1
163
173
220
178
229
394
535
475
414
3.0
Channels
54.1
112
250
479
507
647
523
674
1160
1570
1400
1220
1.75

Ney (kN)
DuraGal Channels
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 13.32
13.5
28.0
62.5
120
127
162
131
168
289
393
349
304
3.5
10.4
21.4
47.9
91.7
97.1
124
100
129
221
301
267
233
4.0
6.63
13.7
30.6
58.7
62.2
79.3
64.1
82.5
142
192
171
149
5.0
4.60
9.52
21.3
40.8
43.2
55.0
44.5
57.3
98.4
134
119
103
6.0
3.38
6.99
15.6
29.9
31.7
40.4
32.7
42.1
72.3
98.2
87.3
76.0
7.0
2.59
5.35
12.0
22.9
24.3
31.0
25.0
32.2
55.4
75.2
66.8
58.2
8.0
[ BLANK ]
13-18

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
14
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS

SCOPE........................................................................................................... 14-1
14.2
DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS .............................................................................. 14-1
14.2.1 Full Lateral Restraint ...................................................................................... 14-1
14.2.2 Loading Through the Shear Centre ................................................................ 14-1
14.3
14.3.1
14.3.2
14.3.3
MAXIMUM DESIGN LOAD ............................................................................ 14-2

General .......................................................................................................... 14-2
Strength Limit State........................................................................................ 14-2
Serviceability Limit State ................................................................................ 14-2
14.4
ADDITIONAL DESIGN CHECKS .................................................................. 14-2
14.5
OTHER LOAD CONFIGURATIONS .............................................................. 14-3
14.5.1 Equivalent Uniformly Distributed Loads for Strength Limit state .................... 14-3
14.5.2 Beam Deflection Calculations ........................................................................ 14-4
14.6
EXAMPLE ...................................................................................................... 14-5
TABLES
Equal Angle Beams with Full Lateral Restraint
14.11
14.12
14.13
14.14
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Leg Down ............................. 14-6
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Leg Down ..................... 14-8
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Leg Up ............................... 14-10
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Leg Up ....................... 14-12
Unequal Angle Beams with Full Lateral Restraint

14.21
14.22
14.23
14.24
14.25
14.26
14.27
14.28
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Long Leg Down .................. 14-14
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Long Leg Down .......... 14-15
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Long Leg Up ...................... 14-16
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Long Leg Up .............. 14-17
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Short Leg Down ................. 14-18
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Short Leg Down ......... 14-19
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Short Leg Up ..................... 14-20
Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Short Leg Up .............. 14-21
Channel Beams with Full Lateral Restraint

14.31 Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - bending about x-axis .......... 14-22
14.32 Serviceability Limit State Maximum Design Loads - bending about x-axis .. 14-23
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

SIMPLY SUPPORTED
BEAMS
14.1
Page
14
CONTENTS
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
14
14.1 SCOPE
The tables in this section apply to single span simply
supported beams with full lateral restraint and with a
uniformly distributed load. Separate tables are provided for
the strength limit state and the serviceability limit state
(deflection limit = span / 250). Tables are provided for the
following cases:
Angles bending about the n- and p-axes with:

long leg down
long leg up
short leg down
short leg up
Channels bending about the x-axis
14.2 DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS

The beam span tables in this section assume that the beam has full lateral restraint. Full lateral
restraint means that the beam is restrained continuously or at such close spacing that flexuraltorsional buckling of the beam will not occur, and the design section moment capacity may be
used to calculate the maximum design load.
Full lateral restraint is automatically provided for channels when the compression flange is
firmly connected to floor decking, roof sheeting, floor joists or roof trusses or rafters, provided
the spacing of the connections does not exceed the full lateral restraint (FLR) value given in the
strength limit state tables. Research is in progress at The University of Sydney to determine the
FLR values for angles.
14.2.2 Loading Through the Shear Centre

The tables assume the load is applied through the shear centre of the beam. In practice this
does not always occur with angles and channels, but if the beam has full lateral restraint as
assumed in these tables, twisting due to the load being eccentric to the shear centre may be
prevented. In such cases these tables may be used, but caution should be taken to ensure that
the lateral restraints are capable of preventing twisting of the beam.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

14-1
14.3 MAXIMUM DESIGN LOAD

14.3.1 General
The strength limit state design load (WL ) and the serviceability limit state design load (WS ) are
determined from the load combinations given in AS 1170.1 SAA Loading Code[6]. These design
loads must not exceed the strength limit state maximum design load (WLmax ) and the
serviceability limit state maximum design load (WS max ), which are provided in the tables.
For strength:
WL (calculated) WLmax (tabulated)
For serviceability:
WS (calculated) WS max (tabulated)
BEAM SELF WEIGHT: For all tables, the self weight of the beam has NOT been deducted.
The designer must include the self weight of the beam as part of the dead load when
calculating the design load WL or WS .
14.3.2 Strength Limit State

The strength limit state maximum design load (WLmax ) is the lesser of:
the maximum design load (WL1 max ) based on the design section moment capacity (fbMs) and
the combined moment and shear capacity of the beam, and
the maximum design load (WL2 max ) based on the design section shear capacity (fvVv) of the
beam.
WLmax = min. [ WL1 max ; WL2

max ]
Values of WL1 max and WL2 max are given in the strength limit state design tables.
14.3.3 Serviceability Limit State

The serviceability limit state maximum design load (WS max ) given in the tables is the load that
will cause an elastic deflection of span / 250 in the beam. In the tables provided, the maximum
compressive stress under service load used to calculate the maximum design load (WS max ) is
limited to the yield stress (fy).
For beams with deflection limits smaller than span / 250, e.g. span / 500, these tables can
be used conservatively to pro rata the maximum serviceability design load (WS max ). For beams
with deflection limits larger than span / 250, e.g. span / 125, these tables can not be used to
pro rata the maximum serviceability design load (WS max ). For such cases refer to Section 10 for
deflection calculations of the beam.
14.4 ADDITIONAL DESIGN CHECKS

The following design action effects have not been taken into account in the tables, and should
also be checked if appropriate.
Web Bearing (Section 8)

Combined bending and bearing (Section 13)
Shear lag effects - short spans (Appendix A4)
14-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
14.5 OTHER LOAD CONFIGURATIONS

14.5.1 Equivalent Uniformly Distributed Loads for Strength Limit State
The tables in this section may also be used for single span simply supported beams with other
load configurations by converting the loads to equivalent uniformly distributed loads, provided
the beams have full lateral restraint. Figure 14.5(1) provides equivalent uniformly distributed
) for the strength limit state for several point load configurations for single span
loads (WEM
simply supported beams.
To use the tables in this section, the following design checks are required for the bending and
shear strength limit states:
WL1 = WEM
WL1 max
WL2 = WEV
WL2
max
Fig. 14.5(1) Equivalent Uniformly distributed Loads
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

14-3
14.5.2 Beam Deflection Calculations

The deflection calculations of beams subject to load configurations not covered in this manual
can be performed using standard deflection formulae. Some of the frequently used deflection
formulae are given in Figure 14.5(2). A more comprehensive set of beam deflection formulae is
published by the AISC[9].
The second moment of area (I ) to be used in these deflection calculations can be determined
using the method given in Section 10.3.
NOTE: D is the elastic deflection
Fig. 14.5(2) Deflection Formulae
14-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
14.6 EXAMPLE
Design a DuraGal channel floor joist spaced at 600 mm centres
and a single span of 6.0 m to support a timber floor in a domestic
house where the floor loads are:
Dead load G = 0.4 kPa
Live load Q = 1.5 kPa
The desired deflection limit for serviceability loads is span / 250.
Solution:
Design loads and load combinations:
Strength:
1.25G + 1.5Q = 1.25 x 0.4 + 1.5 x 1.5

= 2.75 kPa
WL = 2.75 x 6.0 x 0.6
= 9.90 kN
Design load
Serviceability:
G + 0.7Q = 0.4 + 0.7 x 1.5

= 1.45 kPa
WS = 1.45 x 6.0 x 0.6
= 5.22 kN
Design load
Select a channel size:

Strength: (Table 14.31)
Select 100 x 50 x 4.0 CC DuraGal
WL1 max = 10.9 kN > WL = 9.90 kN

WL2 max = 166 kN
> WL = 9.90 kN
Serviceability: (Table 14.32)

Check 100 x 50 x 4.0 CC DuraGal
WS max = 1.85 kN < WS = 5.22 kN

WS max = 7.97 kN > WS = 5.22 kN

WL1 max = 28.6 kN > WL = 9.90 kN
WL2 max = 323 kN
> WL = 9.90 kN
The 150 x 75 x 5.0 CC DuraGal is satisfactory for these strength and serviceability limit states.
Additional checks may be required as listed in Section 14.4 and to include the self-weight of the
beam.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

14-5
Equal Angles
14-6
Table 14.11(a)
STRENGTH LIMIT STATE
MAXIMUM DESIGN LOADS

for
beams with full lateral restraint
bending about n- or p-axis (leg down)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
270
234
221
168
135
117
111
83.9
89.9
78.1
73.7
55.9
67.4
58.5
55.3
41.9
53.9
46.8
44.2
33.5
44.9
39.0
36.9
28.0
38.5
33.5
31.6
24.0
33.7
29.3
27.7
21.0
30.0
26.0
24.6
18.6
27.0
23.4
22.1
16.8
24.5
21.3
20.1
15.2
22.5
19.5
18.4
14.0
20.7
18.0
17.0
12.9
19.3
16.7
15.8
12.0
16.8
14.6
13.8
10.5
494
435
423
344
*
*
*
*
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
187
164
156
119
93.9
93.3
82.0
78.1
59.6
46.9
62.2
54.7
52.0
39.8
31.3
46.6
41.0
39.0
29.8
23.5
37.3
32.8
31.2
23.9
18.8
31.1
27.3
26.0
19.9
15.6
26.6
23.4
22.3
17.0
13.4
23.3
20.5
19.5
14.9
11.7
20.7
18.2
17.3
13.3
10.4
18.7
16.4
15.6
11.9
9.39
17.0
14.9
14.2
10.8
8.53
15.5
13.7
13.0
9.94
7.82
14.3
12.6
12.0
9.18
7.22
13.3
11.7
11.2
8.52
6.71
11.7
10.3
9.76
7.46
5.87
402
355
345
283
231
*
*
*
*
*
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
117
104
101
78.1
61.9
58.7
51.8
50.5
39.0
30.9
39.1
34.6
33.6
26.0
20.6
29.3
25.9
25.2
19.5
15.5
23.5
20.7
20.2
15.6
12.4
19.6
17.3
16.8
13.0
10.3
16.8
14.8
14.4
11.2
8.84
14.7
13.0
12.6
9.76
7.73
13.0
11.5
11.2
8.67
6.87
11.7
10.4
10.1
7.81
6.19
10.7
9.43
9.18
7.10
5.62
9.78
8.64
8.41
6.50
5.15
9.02
7.98
7.76
6.00
4.76
8.38
7.41
7.21
5.58
4.42
7.33
6.48
6.31
4.88
3.87
310
274
267
222
182
*
*
*
*
*
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
94.1
83.3
81.2
63.7
50.7
47.0
41.6
40.6
31.8
25.3
31.4
27.8
27.1
21.2
16.9
23.5
20.8
20.3
15.9
12.7
18.8
16.7
16.2
12.7
10.1
15.7
13.9
13.5
10.6
8.44
13.4
11.9
11.6
9.10
7.24
11.8
10.4
10.1
7.96
6.33
10.5
9.25
9.02
7.08
5.63
9.41
8.33
8.12
6.37
5.07
8.55
7.57
7.38
5.79
4.61
7.84
6.94
6.77
5.31
4.22
7.24
6.40
6.25
4.90
3.90
6.72
5.95
5.80
4.55
3.62
5.88
5.20
5.07
3.98
3.17
273
242
236
198
162
*
*
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
mm
FLR
1. Maximum design load WLmax is the LESSER of WL1max and WL2 max .
2.
3.
WL1max = Maximum design load based on design moment capacity and combined moment and shear capacity.
WL2 max = Maximum design load based on design shear capacity.
4. FLR is the maximum unbraced segment length for full lateral restraint.
5. * Research is currently in progress to determine the FLR values for angles.
7. Maximum design loads are based on capacities calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.11(b)

for

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
FLR
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
128
114
111
89.0
71.4
64.1
56.8
55.5
44.5
35.7
42.7
37.9
37.0
29.7
23.8
32.0
28.4
27.8
22.2
17.9
25.6
22.7
22.2
17.8
14.3
21.4
18.9
18.5
14.8
11.9
18.3
16.2
15.9
12.7
10.2
16.0
14.2
13.9
11.1
8.93
14.2
12.6
12.3
9.88
7.93
12.8
11.4
11.1
8.90
7.14
10.7
9.47
9.25
7.41
5.95
9.16
8.12
7.93
6.35
5.10
8.01
7.10
6.94
5.56
4.46
7.12
6.31
6.17
4.94
3.97
6.41
5.68
5.55
4.45
3.57
217
194
190
162
132
*
*
*
*
*
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
82.3
66.1
54.0
41.1
33.1
27.0
27.4
22.0
18.0
20.6
16.5
13.5
16.5
13.2
10.8
13.7
11.0
9.00
11.8
9.45
7.71
10.3
8.27
6.75
9.14
7.35
6.00
8.23
6.61
5.40
6.85
5.51
4.50
5.88
4.72
3.86
5.14
4.13
3.37
4.57
3.67
3.00
4.11
3.31
2.70
159
137
113
*
*
*
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
47.1
38.2
31.5
15.7
23.6
19.1
15.7
7.87
15.7
12.7
10.5
5.25
11.8
9.56
7.87
3.94
9.43
7.65
6.29
3.15
7.86
6.37
5.24
2.62
6.73
5.46
4.50
2.25
5.89
4.78
3.93
1.97
5.24
4.25
3.50
1.75
4.71
3.82
3.15
1.57
3.93
3.19
2.62
1.31
3.37
2.73
2.25
1.12
2.95
2.39
1.97
0.984
2.62
2.12
1.75
0.875
2.36
1.91
1.57
0.787
112
101
83.1
43.6
*
*
*
*
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
25.3
12.8
12.6
6.41
8.42
4.27
6.31
3.20
5.05
2.56
4.21
2.14
3.61
1.83
3.16
1.60
2.81
1.42
2.53
1.28
2.10
1.07
1.80
0.915
1.58
0.801
1.40
0.712
1.26
0.641
73.3
38.8
*
*
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
19.7
10.1
9.86
5.03
6.57
3.36
4.93
2.52
3.94
2.01
3.29
1.68
2.82
1.44
2.47
1.26
2.19
1.12
1.97
1.01
1.64
0.839
1.41
0.719
1.23
0.629
1.10
0.559
0.986
0.503
63.4
34.0
*
*
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
2.77
1.85
1.39
1.11
0.924
0.792
0.693
0.616
0.554
0.462
0.396
0.346
0.308
0.277
24.3
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
14-7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
5.54
0.75
Maximum design load WLmax is the LESSER of WL1max and WL2 max .
FLR is the maximum unbraced segment length for full lateral restraint.
* Research is currently in progress to determine the FLR values for angles.
Maximum design loads are based on capacities calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 4600.
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
14-8
Table 14.12(a)
SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE

for beams with full lateral restraint
DEFLECTION LIMIT = SPAN / 250

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
kg/m
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
1120
960
786
577
284
242
200
146
133
114
94.3
69.0
77.2
66.3
55.2
40.6
50.4
43.5
36.3
26.8
35.1
30.7
25.8
19.1
25.8
22.8
19.3
14.4
19.7
17.4
14.9
11.2
15.6
13.8
11.9
8.97
12.6
11.2
9.66
7.36
10.4
9.22
7.99
6.15
8.76
7.75
6.71
5.22
7.47
6.60
5.72
4.48
6.44
5.69
4.93
3.89
4.93
4.36
3.77
3.01
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
670
575
473
349
268
173
149
124
91.2
69.7
79.6
69.2
58.1
43.1
33.0
44.8
39.7
33.7
25.2
19.4
28.7
25.4
22.0
16.6
12.8
19.9
17.6
15.3
11.8
9.13
14.6
13.0
11.3
8.80
6.84
11.2
9.92
8.61
6.83
5.33
8.85
7.84
6.81
5.45
4.27
7.17
6.35
5.51
4.41
3.50
5.92
5.25
4.56
3.65
2.92
4.98
4.41
3.83
3.06
2.48
4.24
3.76
3.26
2.61
2.12
3.66
3.24
2.81
2.25
1.84
2.80
2.48
2.15
1.72
1.41
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
351
304
252
188
145
89.2
79.3
67.7
50.9
39.2
39.7
35.2
30.7
23.8
18.5
22.3
19.8
17.3
13.8
10.8
14.3
12.7
11.0
8.89
7.07
9.91
8.81
7.67
6.18
5.00
7.28
6.47
5.64
4.54
3.72
5.58
4.96
4.32
3.47
2.85
4.41
3.92
3.41
2.74
2.25
3.57
3.17
2.76
2.22
1.82
2.95
2.62
2.28
1.84
1.51
2.48
2.20
1.92
1.54
1.27
2.11
1.88
1.63
1.32
1.08
1.82
1.62
1.41
1.13
0.930
1.39
1.24
1.08
0.868
0.712
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
256
223
188
140
108
64.0
57.0
49.7
38.3
29.8
28.5
25.3
22.1
17.7
13.9
16.0
14.3
12.4
10.0
8.08
10.2
9.12
7.96
6.43
5.28
7.12
6.34
5.53
4.46
3.66
5.23
4.65
4.06
3.28
2.69
4.00
3.56
3.11
2.51
2.06
3.16
2.82
2.46
1.98
1.63
2.56
2.28
1.99
1.61
1.32
2.12
1.89
1.64
1.33
1.09
1.78
1.58
1.38
1.12
0.916
1.52
1.35
1.18
0.951
0.781
1.31
1.16
1.01
0.820
0.673
1.00
0.891
0.777
0.627
0.515
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
mm
Span, l (m)
1. WS max = Maximum design load based on the effective second moment of area with the stress limited to a maximum of fy in the extreme compression fibres.
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.12(b)


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
575
513
440
334
261
144
128
112
85.9
66.9
63.9
57.1
49.9
39.9
31.3
35.9
32.1
28.1
22.8
18.2
23.0
20.5
18.0
14.6
11.9
16.0
14.3
12.5
10.1
8.36
11.7
10.5
9.17
7.46
6.14
8.98
8.02
7.02
5.71
4.70
7.10
6.34
5.55
4.51
3.72
5.75
5.13
4.49
3.65
3.01
3.99
3.57
3.12
2.54
2.09
2.93
2.62
2.29
1.86
1.54
2.24
2.01
1.76
1.43
1.18
1.77
1.58
1.39
1.13
0.929
1.44
1.28
1.12
0.913
0.752
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
286
222
174
71.5
57.8
45.6
31.8
26.0
21.1
17.9
14.6
12.1
11.4
9.36
7.73
7.94
6.50
5.37
5.84
4.77
3.94
4.47
3.65
3.02
3.53
2.89
2.39
2.86
2.34
1.93
1.99
1.62
1.34
1.46
1.19
0.986
1.12
0.914
0.755
0.883
0.722
0.596
0.715
0.585
0.483
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
124
103
82.1
49.8
30.9
25.6
21.3
13.1
13.7
11.4
9.48
6.09
7.73
6.41
5.33
3.52
4.94
4.10
3.41
2.26
3.43
2.85
2.37
1.57
2.52
2.09
1.74
1.15
1.93
1.60
1.33
0.884
1.53
1.27
1.05
0.699
1.24
1.03
0.853
0.566
0.858
0.712
0.592
0.393
0.631
0.523
0.435
0.289
0.483
0.401
0.333
0.221
0.381
0.317
0.263
0.175
0.309
0.256
0.213
0.141
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
60.8
37.0
15.3
9.82
6.81
4.54
3.83
2.55
2.45
1.63
1.70
1.14
1.25
0.834
0.957
0.639
0.756
0.505
0.613
0.409
0.425
0.284
0.313
0.209
0.239
0.160
0.189
0.126
0.153
0.102
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
42.2
26.5
10.6
7.07
4.69
3.15
2.64
1.77
1.69
1.13
1.17
0.788
0.862
0.579
0.660
0.443
0.521
0.350
0.422
0.284
0.293
0.197
0.215
0.145
0.165
0.111
0.130
0.0876
0.106
0.0709
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
11.6
2.89
1.28
0.722
0.462
0.321
0.236
0.181
0.143
0.116
0.0803
0.0590
0.0451
0.0357
0.0289
NOTES:
14-9
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
14-10
Table 14.13(a)

for
bending about n- or p-axis (leg up)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
195
150
118
71.1
97.4
75.0
58.8
35.6
64.9
50.0
39.2
23.7
48.7
37.5
29.4
17.8
38.9
30.0
23.5
14.2
32.5
25.0
19.6
11.9
27.8
21.4
16.8
10.2
24.3
18.8
14.7
8.89
21.6
16.7
13.1
7.90
19.5
15.0
11.8
7.11
17.7
13.6
10.7
6.46
16.2
12.5
9.80
5.93
15.0
11.5
9.05
5.47
13.9
10.7
8.40
5.08
12.2
9.38
7.35
4.44
494
435
423
344
*
*
*
*
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
160
125
98.4
59.2
39.0
80.2
62.4
49.2
29.6
19.5
53.4
41.6
32.8
19.7
13.0
40.1
31.2
24.6
14.8
9.74
32.1
25.0
19.7
11.8
7.79
26.7
20.8
16.4
9.86
6.49
22.9
17.8
14.1
8.45
5.57
20.0
15.6
12.3
7.40
4.87
17.8
13.9
10.9
6.57
4.33
16.0
12.5
9.84
5.92
3.90
14.6
11.3
8.95
5.38
3.54
13.4
10.4
8.20
4.93
3.25
12.3
9.60
7.57
4.55
3.00
11.5
8.91
7.03
4.23
2.78
10.0
7.80
6.15
3.70
2.43
402
355
345
283
231
*
*
*
*
*
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
117
97.5
78.6
47.4
31.1
58.7
48.8
39.3
23.7
15.6
39.1
32.5
26.2
15.8
10.4
29.3
24.4
19.7
11.9
7.78
23.5
19.5
15.7
9.48
6.23
19.6
16.3
13.1
7.90
5.19
16.8
13.9
11.2
6.77
4.45
14.7
12.2
9.83
5.93
3.89
13.0
10.8
8.74
5.27
3.46
11.7
9.75
7.86
4.74
3.11
10.7
8.87
7.15
4.31
2.83
9.78
8.13
6.55
3.95
2.59
9.02
7.50
6.05
3.65
2.40
8.38
6.97
5.62
3.39
2.22
7.33
6.10
4.91
2.96
1.95
310
274
267
222
182
*
*
*
*
*
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
94.1
83.3
70.3
42.7
28.1
47.0
41.6
35.1
21.3
14.0
31.4
27.8
23.4
14.2
9.36
23.5
20.8
17.6
10.7
7.02
18.8
16.7
14.1
8.53
5.61
15.7
13.9
11.7
7.11
4.68
13.4
11.9
10.0
6.10
4.01
11.8
10.4
8.78
5.33
3.51
10.5
9.25
7.81
4.74
3.12
9.41
8.33
7.03
4.27
2.81
8.55
7.57
6.39
3.88
2.55
7.84
6.94
5.85
3.56
2.34
7.24
6.40
5.40
3.28
2.16
6.72
5.95
5.02
3.05
2.00
5.88
5.20
4.39
2.67
1.75
273
242
236
198
162
*
*
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
mm
FLR
8.0
1. Maximum design load WLmax is the LESSER of WL1max and WL2 max .
2.
3.
4. FLR is the maximum unbraced segment length for full lateral restraint.
5. * Research is currently in progress to determine the FLR values for angles.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.13(b)

for

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
FLR
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
128
114
111
70.6
46.9
64.1
56.8
55.5
35.3
23.4
42.7
37.9
37.0
23.5
15.6
32.0
28.4
27.8
17.7
11.7
25.6
22.7
22.2
14.1
9.37
21.4
18.9
18.5
11.8
7.81
18.3
16.2
15.9
10.1
6.70
16.0
14.2
13.9
8.83
5.86
14.2
12.6
12.3
7.85
5.21
12.8
11.4
11.1
7.06
4.69
10.7
9.47
9.25
5.89
3.91
9.16
8.12
7.93
5.04
3.35
8.01
7.10
6.94
4.41
2.93
7.12
6.31
6.17
3.92
2.60
6.41
5.68
5.55
3.53
2.34
217
194
190
162
132
*
*
*
*
*
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
82.3
60.2
40.5
41.1
30.1
20.3
27.4
20.1
13.5
20.6
15.1
10.1
16.5
12.0
8.11
13.7
10.0
6.76
11.8
8.60
5.79
10.3
7.53
5.07
9.14
6.69
4.50
8.23
6.02
4.05
6.85
5.02
3.38
5.88
4.30
2.90
5.14
3.76
2.53
4.57
3.35
2.25
4.11
3.01
2.03
159
137
113
*
*
*
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
47.1
38.2
30.3
10.9
23.6
19.1
15.1
5.46
15.7
12.7
10.1
3.64
11.8
9.56
7.57
2.73
9.43
7.65
6.06
2.19
7.86
6.37
5.05
1.82
6.73
5.46
4.33
1.56
5.89
4.78
3.79
1.37
5.24
4.25
3.36
1.21
4.71
3.82
3.03
1.09
3.93
3.19
2.52
0.911
3.37
2.73
2.16
0.781
2.95
2.39
1.89
0.683
2.62
2.12
1.68
0.607
2.36
1.91
1.51
0.546
112
101
83.1
43.6
*
*
*
*
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
25.3
9.80
12.6
4.90
8.42
3.27
6.31
2.45
5.05
1.96
4.21
1.63
3.61
1.40
3.16
1.23
2.81
1.09
2.53
0.980
2.10
0.817
1.80
0.700
1.58
0.613
1.40
0.545
1.26
0.490
73.3
38.8
*
*
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
19.7
8.63
9.86
4.32
6.57
2.88
4.93
2.16
3.94
1.73
3.29
1.44
2.82
1.23
2.47
1.08
2.19
0.959
1.97
0.863
1.64
0.719
1.41
0.617
1.23
0.539
1.10
0.480
0.986
0.432
63.4
34.0
*
*
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
5.54
2.77
1.85
1.39
1.11
0.924
0.792
0.693
0.616
0.554
0.462
0.396
0.346
0.308
0.277
24.3
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
14-11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
0.75
Equal Angles
Equal Angles
14-12
Table 14.14(a)


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
779
568
360
198
195
142
105
66.1
92.0
72.5
55.0
34.8
58.0
45.8
34.8
22.0
40.4
32.0
24.4
15.5
30.1
23.9
18.2
11.6
23.4
18.6
14.2
9.06
18.8
15.0
11.5
7.32
15.5
12.4
9.48
6.07
12.6
10.4
7.99
5.13
10.4
8.89
6.85
4.40
8.76
7.70
5.94
3.83
7.47
6.60
5.21
3.37
6.44
5.69
4.62
2.99
4.93
4.36
3.70
2.41
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
576
426
273
146
98.0
144
106
76.0
48.0
32.6
65.9
52.3
39.8
25.2
17.2
41.2
32.8
25.1
16.0
10.9
28.5
22.8
17.5
11.2
7.64
19.9
16.9
13.0
8.36
5.71
14.6
13.0
10.1
6.52
4.47
11.2
9.92
8.14
5.26
3.61
8.85
7.84
6.70
4.35
2.99
7.17
6.35
5.51
3.67
2.53
5.92
5.25
4.56
3.14
2.17
4.98
4.41
3.83
2.73
1.88
4.24
3.76
3.26
2.39
1.66
3.66
3.24
2.81
2.12
1.47
2.80
2.48
2.15
1.70
1.18
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
357
290
192
103
66.3
89.2
72.6
51.1
32.4
22.1
39.7
34.3
26.5
16.9
11.6
22.3
19.8
16.5
10.7
7.33
14.3
12.7
11.0
7.43
5.13
9.91
8.81
7.67
5.52
3.82
7.28
6.47
5.64
4.29
2.98
5.58
4.96
4.32
3.44
2.40
4.41
3.92
3.41
2.74
1.98
3.57
3.17
2.76
2.22
1.67
2.95
2.62
2.28
1.84
1.43
2.48
2.20
1.92
1.54
1.24
2.11
1.88
1.63
1.32
1.08
1.82
1.62
1.41
1.13
0.930
1.39
1.24
1.08
0.868
0.712
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
256
228
161
87.8
55.1
64.0
57.0
42.1
26.8
18.3
28.5
25.3
21.6
14.0
9.61
16.0
14.3
12.4
8.76
6.06
10.2
9.12
7.96
6.08
4.23
7.12
6.34
5.53
4.46
3.14
5.23
4.65
4.06
3.28
2.44
4.00
3.56
3.11
2.51
1.96
3.16
2.82
2.46
1.98
1.62
2.56
2.28
1.99
1.61
1.32
2.12
1.89
1.64
1.33
1.09
1.78
1.58
1.38
1.12
0.916
1.52
1.35
1.18
0.951
0.781
1.31
1.16
1.01
0.820
0.673
1.00
0.891
0.777
0.627
0.515
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
mm
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.5
fu = 450 MPa).
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.14(b)


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
575
513
449
262
159
144
128
112
65.4
40.0
63.9
57.1
49.9
30.5
21.0
35.9
32.1
28.1
19.2
13.2
23.0
20.5
18.0
13.3
9.25
16.0
14.3
12.5
9.87
6.88
11.7
10.5
9.17
7.46
5.36
8.98
8.02
7.02
5.71
4.31
7.10
6.34
5.55
4.51
3.55
5.75
5.13
4.49
3.65
2.98
3.99
3.57
3.12
2.54
2.09
2.93
2.62
2.29
1.86
1.54
2.24
2.01
1.76
1.43
1.18
1.77
1.58
1.39
1.13
0.929
1.44
1.28
1.12
0.913
0.752
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
5.62
4.52
3.69
286
204
127
71.5
51.1
31.7
31.8
23.3
16.2
17.9
14.5
10.2
11.4
9.36
7.07
7.94
6.50
5.24
5.84
4.77
3.94
4.47
3.65
3.02
3.53
2.89
2.39
2.86
2.34
1.93
1.99
1.62
1.34
1.46
1.19
0.986
1.12
0.914
0.755
0.883
0.722
0.596
0.715
0.585
0.483
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
CA
CA
CA
CA
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
124
103
80.7
32.8
30.9
25.6
20.2
8.45
13.7
11.4
9.48
4.42
7.73
6.41
5.33
2.78
4.94
4.10
3.41
1.94
3.43
2.85
2.37
1.44
2.52
2.09
1.74
1.12
1.93
1.60
1.33
0.884
1.53
1.27
1.05
0.699
1.24
1.03
0.853
0.566
0.858
0.712
0.592
0.393
0.631
0.523
0.435
0.289
0.483
0.401
0.333
0.221
0.381
0.317
0.263
0.175
0.309
0.256
0.213
0.141
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.50
1.62
61.3
27.7
15.3
7.00
6.81
3.64
3.83
2.28
2.45
1.58
1.70
1.14
1.25
0.834
0.957
0.639
0.756
0.505
0.613
0.409
0.425
0.284
0.313
0.209
0.239
0.160
0.189
0.126
0.153
0.102
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
2.20
1.43
42.2
22.7
10.6
5.67
4.69
2.92
2.64
1.77
1.69
1.13
1.17
0.788
0.862
0.579
0.660
0.443
0.521
0.350
0.422
0.284
0.293
0.197
0.215
0.145
0.165
0.111
0.130
0.0876
0.106
0.0709
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.06
11.6
2.89
1.28
0.722
0.462
0.321
0.236
0.181
0.143
0.116
0.0803
0.0590
0.0451
0.0357
0.0289
NOTES:
14-13
Equal Angles
Unequal Angles
14-14
Table 14.21

for
bending about n-axis (long leg down)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
mm
FLR
(kN)
Thickness
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
103
83.3
68.2
51.7
41.6
34.1
0.75
34.5
27.8
22.7
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
25.9
20.8
17.1
20.7
16.7
13.6
17.2
13.9
11.4
14.8
11.9
9.74
12.9
10.4
8.53
11.5
9.25
7.58
10.3
8.33
6.82
8.62
6.94
5.68
7.39
5.95
4.87
6.46
5.20
4.26
5.75
4.63
3.79
5.17
4.16
3.41
190
162
132
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.22


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
386
317
251
96.6
79.3
63.7
42.9
35.2
29.1
24.2
19.8
16.4
15.5
12.7
10.5
10.7
8.81
7.27
7.89
6.47
5.34
6.04
4.95
4.09
4.77
3.91
3.23
3.86
3.17
2.62
2.68
2.20
1.82
1.97
1.62
1.34
1.51
1.24
1.02
1.19
0.979
0.808
fu = 450 MPa).
14-15
Unequal Angles
5.0
0.966
0.793
0.654
Unequal Angles
14-16
Table 14.23

for
bending about n-axis (long leg up)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
mm
FLR
(kN)
Thickness
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
103
68.5
46.5
51.7
34.3
23.2
0.75
34.5
22.8
15.5
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
25.9
17.1
11.6
20.7
13.7
9.30
17.2
11.4
7.75
14.8
9.79
6.64
12.9
8.56
5.81
11.5
7.61
5.16
10.3
6.85
4.65
8.62
5.71
3.87
7.39
4.89
3.32
6.46
4.28
2.91
5.75
3.81
2.58
5.17
3.43
2.32
190
162
132
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.24


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
386
239
150
96.6
59.7
37.7
42.9
28.0
19.5
24.2
17.5
12.2
15.5
12.1
8.49
10.7
8.81
6.30
7.89
6.47
4.88
6.04
4.95
3.91
4.77
3.91
3.21
3.86
3.17
2.62
2.68
2.20
1.82
1.97
1.62
1.34
1.51
1.24
1.02
1.19
0.979
0.808
fu = 450 MPa).
14-17
Unequal Angles
5.0
0.966
0.793
0.654
Unequal Angles
14-18
Table 14.25

for
bending about p-axis (short leg down)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
mm
FLR
(kN)
Thickness
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.38
4.34
3.54
50.2
40.4
33.0
25.1
20.2
16.5
16.7
13.5
11.0
12.5
10.1
8.25
10.0
8.09
6.60
8.36
6.74
5.50
7.17
5.78
4.72
6.27
5.05
4.13
5.57
4.49
3.67
5.02
4.04
3.30
4.18
3.37
2.75
3.58
2.89
2.36
3.13
2.53
2.06
2.79
2.25
1.83
2.51
2.02
1.65
112
101
83.1
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.26


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
5.38
4.34
3.54
140
109
85.3
35.5
29.0
23.2
15.8
12.9
10.7
8.87
7.28
6.04
5.67
4.66
3.87
3.94
3.24
2.69
2.89
2.38
1.97
2.22
1.82
1.51
1.75
1.44
1.19
1.42
1.16
0.967
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.985
0.809
0.671
0.724
0.594
0.493
0.554
0.455
0.378
0.438
0.360
0.298
0.355
0.291
0.242
fu = 450 MPa).
14-19
Unequal Angles
Unequal Angles
14-20
Table 14.27

for
bending about p-axis (short leg up)

Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm
mm
FLR
(kN)
Thickness
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
(m)
(kN)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.38
4.34
3.54
50.2
40.4
31.5
25.1
20.2
15.7
16.7
13.5
10.5
12.5
10.1
7.87
10.0
8.09
6.30
8.36
6.74
5.25
7.17
5.78
4.50
6.27
5.05
3.94
5.57
4.49
3.50
5.02
4.04
3.15
4.18
3.37
2.62
3.58
2.89
2.25
3.13
2.53
1.97
2.79
2.25
1.75
2.51
2.02
1.57
112
101
83.1
fu = 450 MPa).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.28


Designation
Nominal
b1
b2
mm
mm

(kN)
Thickness
mm
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
Mass
per
metre
Span, l (m)
kg/m
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.38
4.34
3.54
142
116
89.3
35.5
29.1
22.3
15.8
12.9
10.7
8.87
7.28
6.04
5.67
4.66
3.87
3.94
3.24
2.69
2.89
2.38
1.97
2.22
1.82
1.51
1.75
1.44
1.19
1.42
1.16
0.967
0.985
0.809
0.671
0.724
0.594
0.493
0.554
0.455
0.378
0.438
0.360
0.298
0.355
0.291
0.242
fu = 450 MPa).
14-21
Unequal Angles
Channels
14-22
Table 14.31

for
DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
FLR
(m)
Span, l (m)
kg/m
1.0
1.25
2.0
2.5
3.0
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
848
728
669
678
582
535
565
485
446
1.5
484
416
382
424
364
334
339
291
267
283
243
223
242
208
191
212
182
167
170
146
134
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
513
411
342
293
257
205
171
147
128
103
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
428
342
285
245
214
171
143
122
107
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
351
258
281
206
234
172
200
147
175
129
140
103
117
85.9
100
73.6
127
111
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
222
177
148
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
171
137
114
1.75
3.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
141
121
111
9.0
10.0
94.2
80.9
74.3
84.8
72.8
66.9
988
871
846
1.40
1.40
1.31
1.0
85.5
73.3
64.1
57.0
51.3
691
1.33
71.3
61.2
53.5
47.6
42.8
628
1.11
87.7
64.4
70.2
51.5
58.5
42.9
50.1
36.8
43.8
32.2
39.0
28.6
35.1
25.8
535
445
1.12
1.10
88.7
73.9
63.3
55.4
44.3
36.9
31.7
27.7
24.6
22.2
396
1.11
98.0
85.7
68.6
57.2
49.0
42.9
34.3
28.6
24.5
21.4
19.1
17.1
323
1.12
13.8
12.1
10.7
7.23
96.7
77.4
64.5
55.3
48.4
38.7
32.2
27.6
24.2
19.3
16.1
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
65.3
52.2
43.5
37.3
32.6
26.1
21.8
18.6
16.3
13.1
10.9
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
39.4
31.6
26.3
22.5
19.7
15.8
13.1
11.3
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
8.0
106
91.0
83.6
Cb
85.6
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
NOTES:
7.0
121
104
95.5
(kN)
9.86
7.89
6.57
Beam spans to the right of the solid line must be braced at intervals equal to or less than the FLR value to have full lateral restraint.
All supports are assumed to provide full lateral restraint.
9.67
216
0.968
9.32
8.16
7.25
6.53
166
0.762
5.64
4.93
4.38
3.94
117
0.641
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
Table 14.32

DuraGal Channels
Designation
Nominal
bf
mm
mm
Mass
per
metre

(kN)
Thickness
mm
Span, l (m)
kg/m
1.0
1.25
1.5
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
28.5
25.1
21.6
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
19.2
1.75
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
2710
2360
1970
1740
1510
1260
1210
1050
874
886
769
642
678
589
491
434
377
315
301
262
221
221
195
165
1260
808
561
412
316
205
145
108
107
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
109
96.2
83.3
75.4
66.8
58.1
55.4
49.1
42.7
42.4
37.6
32.7
33.5
29.7
25.8
27.1
24.1
20.9
83.6
53.9
37.5
27.5
21.1
16.6
13.5
11.9
170
150
128
10.0
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
16.9
945
605
420
309
236
154
78.9
60.4
38.7
26.9
19.7
15.1
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
15.5
12.4
674
514
432
329
300
229
220
168
171
130
110
85.4
76.7
60.5
56.4
45.1
43.1
35.0
27.6
22.6
19.2
15.7
14.1
11.5
10.8
8.82
8.52
6.97
6.90
5.64
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
11.6
399
256
178
132
102
67.2
47.6
35.5
27.5
17.6
12.2
6.87
5.43
4.40
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
10.5
259
166
117
17.9
11.5
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
7.23
123
87.4
68.0
44.7
31.6
23.4
79.6
56.6
42.4
33.0
21.7
15.3
11.3
21.7
16.6
10.6
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
5.59
64.5
42.3
29.6
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
4.25
28.1
18.0
12.5
NOTES:
9.16
7.01
4.49
8.98
9.67
7.97
5.86
4.48
3.54
2.87
8.65
5.54
3.85
2.83
2.16
1.71
1.38
7.39
5.43
4.16
2.66
1.85
1.36
1.04
0.821
0.665
3.12
2.29
1.75
1.12
0.779
0.572
0.438
0.346
0.281
14-23
Channels
[ BLANK ]
14-24

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
15
CONTINUOUS BEAMS
CONTENTS
15.1
Page
SCOPE........................................................................................................... 15-1

General .......................................................................................................... 15-2
15.4
15.5
BEAM DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS ....................................................... 15-3
15.6
EXAMPLE ...................................................................................................... 15-3
TABLES
15.11
15.12
15.13
15.14
Strength Limit State Maximum Design Loads - Leg Up ................................. 15-8

15.21
15.22
15.23
15.24
15.25
15.26
15.27
15.28

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

15
15.3
15.3.1
15.3.2
15.3.3
CONTINUOUS
BEAMS
15.2
CONTINUOUS BEAMS
15
15.1 SCOPE
The tables in this section apply to two span continuous beams
with full lateral restraint and with a uniformly distributed
load. Separate tables are provided for the strength limit state
and the serviceability limit state (deflection limit = span / 250).
Tables are provided for the following cases:

long leg down
long leg up
short leg down
short leg up


DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-1

15.3.1 General
For strength:
For serviceability:

The strength limit state maximum design load (WLmax ) is equal to the maximum design load
(WL1 max ) based on the design section moment capacity (fbMs) and the combined moment and
shear capacity of the beam.
Values of WL1 max are given in the strength limit state design tables.

will cause an elastic deflection in the beam of span / 250. In the tables provided, the maximum


15-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
15.5 BEAM DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS

15.6 EXAMPLE
Design a DuraGal channel floor joist spaced at 600 mm centres
and two equal continuous spans of 6.0 m to support a timber
floor in a domestic house where the floor loads are:
Dead load G = 0.4 kPa
Live load Q = 1.5 kPa
The desired deflection limit for serviceability loads is span / 250.
Solution:
1.25G + 1.5Q = 1.25 x 0.4 + 1.5 x 1.5 = 2.75 kPa
Strength:
WL = 2.75 x 6.0 x 0.6

= 9.90 kN
Design load
Serviceability:
G + 0.7Q = 0.4 + 0.7 x 1.5 = 1.45 kPa

WS = 1.45 x 6.0 x 0.6
= 5.22 kN
Design load
Select a channel size:

WLmax = WL1 max = 10.8 kN > WL = 9.90 kN
Serviceability: (Table 15.32)

WS max = 4.45 kN < WS = 5.22 kN

WS max = 9.06 kN > WS = 5.22 kN

The 125 x 65 x 4.0 CC DuraGal is satisfactory for these strength and serviceability limit states.
Note that the size selected is smaller than that for the single span example in Section 14.6.
beam.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-3
15-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
9.40
8.32
7.02
4.27
2.81
11.7
9.74
7.86
4.74
3.11
16.0
12.5
9.84
5.91
3.89
19.4
15.0
11.8
7.11
5.5
8.55
7.56
6.38
3.88
2.55
10.7
8.86
7.14
4.31
2.83
14.6
11.3
8.94
5.38
3.54
17.7
13.6
10.7
6.46
6.0
7.84
6.93
5.85
3.55
2.34
9.77
8.12
6.55
3.95
2.59
13.3
10.4
8.20
4.93
3.25
16.2
12.5
9.80
5.92
3.
1.
10.4
9.24
7.80
4.74
3.12
13.0
10.8
8.73
5.27
3.46
17.8
13.8
10.9
6.57
4.33
21.6
16.7
13.1
7.90
11.7
10.4
8.77
5.33
3.51
14.6
12.2
9.82
5.92
3.89
20.0
15.6
12.3
7.39
4.87
24.3
18.7
14.7
8.88
7.
13.4
11.9
10.0
6.09
4.01
16.7
13.9
11.2
6.77
4.45
22.8
17.8
14.0
8.45
5.56
27.7
21.4
16.8
10.2
15.6
13.8
11.7
7.10
4.67
19.5
16.2
13.1
7.89
5.19
26.6
20.7
16.4
9.85
6.49
32.3
25.0
19.6
11.8
6.
18.8
16.6
14.0
8.52
5.61
23.4
19.4
15.7
9.47
6.22
31.9
24.9
19.6
11.8
7.78
38.8
29.9
23.5
14.2
23.4
20.7
17.5
10.6
7.01
29.1
24.2
19.6
11.8
7.77
39.8
31.0
24.5
14.8
9.73
48.3
37.3
29.3
17.7
5.
31.0
27.5
23.2
14.2
9.33
38.6
32.2
26.0
15.7
10.4
52.7
41.1
32.6
19.6
13.0
64.0
49.5
38.9
23.6
4.
46.0
40.7
34.5
21.1
14.0
57.1
47.6
38.7
23.5
15.5
77.8
60.9
48.4
29.3
19.4
94.5
73.4
57.9
35.3
Maximum design load WLmax is equal to WL1 max .

WL2 max = Maximum design load based on design shear capacity only.
86.4
76.5
65.9
41.2
27.4
106
89.1
73.8
45.8
30.4
143
114
92.7
57.2
38.1
175
138
111
68.8
Span, l (m)
(kN)
2.
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 15.11(a)
6.5
7.23
6.40
5.40
3.28
2.16
9.02
7.50
6.05
3.65
2.39
12.3
9.59
7.57
4.55
3.00
15.0
11.5
9.04
5.47
7.0
6.72
5.94
5.02
3.05
2.00
8.37
6.96
5.61
3.39
2.22
11.4
8.91
7.03
4.23
2.78
13.9
10.7
8.40
5.08
8.0
5.88
5.20
4.39
2.67
1.75
7.33
6.09
4.91
2.96
1.95
10.0
7.79
6.15
3.70
2.43
12.2
9.38
7.35
4.44
218
194
189
158
130
248
219
214
178
145
321
284
276
227
185
395
348
338
275
(kN)
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-5
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
5.33
18.4
8.23
23.2
9.35
41.7
34.5
27.6
10.4
69.0
52.8
37.0
103
91.6
89.6
62.0
42.9
0.25
2.74
9.68
4.26
12.3
4.84
22.8
18.6
14.8
5.40
39.1
29.0
19.8
60.1
53.3
52.1
34.1
22.9
0.5
1.84
6.52
2.86
8.33
3.25
15.5
12.6
9.98
3.62
26.8
19.7
13.4
41.5
36.8
36.0
23.2
15.5
0.75
1.38
4.91
2.15
6.28
2.44
11.7
9.49
7.52
2.72
20.3
14.9
10.1
31.5
27.9
27.3
17.5
11.6
1.0
1.11
3.93
1.72
5.03
1.96
9.38
7.61
6.03
2.18
16.3
12.0
8.07
25.4
22.5
22.0
14.0
9.34
1.25
0.922
3.28
1.44
4.20
1.63
7.83
6.35
5.03
1.82
13.6
9.99
6.74
21.2
18.8
18.4
11.7
7.79
1.5
0.692
2.46
1.08
3.15
1.22
5.88
4.77
3.78
1.37
10.2
7.51
5.06
16.0
14.1
13.8
8.81
5.85
2.0
2.25
0.615
2.19
0.958
2.80
1.09
5.23
4.24
3.36
1.21
9.12
6.68
4.50
14.2
12.6
12.3
7.83
5.20
Span, l (m)
0.791
2.81
1.23
3.60
1.40
6.72
5.45
4.32
1.56
11.7
8.58
5.78
18.2
16.1
15.8
10.1
6.68
1.75
(kN)
0.554
1.97
0.863
2.52
0.980
4.71
3.82
3.03
1.09
8.21
6.01
4.05
12.8
11.3
11.1
7.05
4.68
2.5
0.462
1.64
0.719
2.10
0.817
3.92
3.18
2.52
0.910
6.84
5.01
3.38
10.7
9.45
9.24
5.88
3.90
3.0
0.396
1.41
0.616
1.80
0.700
3.36
2.73
2.16
0.780
5.87
4.30
2.89
9.14
8.11
7.92
5.04
3.35
3.5
0.346
1.23
0.539
1.58
0.613
2.94
2.39
1.89
0.683
5.14
3.76
2.53
8.00
7.10
6.93
4.41
2.93
4.0
0.308
1.10
0.479
1.40
0.544
2.62
2.12
1.68
0.607
4.57
3.34
2.25
7.11
6.31
6.16
3.92
2.60
4.5
0.277
0.986
0.432
1.26
0.490
2.36
1.91
1.51
0.546
4.11
3.01
2.03
6.40
5.68
5.55
3.53
2.34
5.0
19.4
50.7
27.2
58.6
31.0
89.6
80.5
66.5
34.9
127
110
90.1
174
155
152
129
106
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
Maximum design load WLmax is equal to WL1max .

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.11(b)
15-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
617
538
389
211
127
845
700
463
249
149
1390
1030
657
352
211
1880
1370
868
468
1.0
154
137
97.2
52.9
31.7
215
175
116
62.3
37.3
347
256
164
88.0
54.7
469
342
217
117
1.5
68.6
61.0
43.2
23.7
16.2
95.5
77.7
51.5
28.5
19.4
154
114
73.1
42.2
28.7
208
152
96.5
58.1
2.0
38.6
34.3
24.3
15.0
10.2
53.7
43.7
28.9
18.1
12.3
86.7
64.1
42.4
26.8
18.2
117
85.5
58.3
36.8
2.5
24.7
22.0
16.4
10.5
7.18
34.4
28.0
20.0
12.7
8.64
55.5
41.0
29.8
18.8
12.8
75.0
54.7
40.9
25.9
3.0
17.1
15.3
12.2
7.82
5.37
23.9
19.4
14.9
9.47
6.47
38.5
29.2
22.3
14.1
9.57
52.1
40.5
30.7
19.4
3.5
12.6
11.2
9.47
6.10
4.20
17.5
15.0
11.6
7.40
5.06
28.8
22.8
17.4
11.0
7.50
40.2
31.7
24.0
15.2
9.64
8.58
7.49
4.92
3.39
13.4
11.9
9.32
5.97
4.09
23.2
18.4
14.0
8.91
6.07
32.4
25.6
19.4
12.3
4.0
Span, l (m)
7.62
6.78
5.92
4.06
2.81
10.6
9.43
7.68
4.94
3.39
19.1
15.2
11.6
7.39
5.03
26.8
21.2
16.1
10.2
4.5

(kN)
5.0
6.17
5.49
4.79
3.42
2.37
8.60
7.64
6.46
4.17
2.87
16.1
12.8
9.82
6.25
4.26
22.7
17.9
13.6
8.62
5.5
5.10
4.54
3.96
2.93
2.03
7.11
6.32
5.50
3.57
2.46
13.8
11.0
8.42
5.37
3.66
19.4
15.4
11.7
7.41
6.0
4.29
3.82
3.33
2.54
1.76
5.97
5.31
4.62
3.10
2.14
11.9
9.53
7.31
4.67
3.19
16.9
13.4
10.2
6.46
6.5
3.65
3.25
2.84
2.22
1.55
5.09
4.52
3.94
2.73
1.88
10.2
8.36
6.43
4.11
2.81
14.8
11.8
8.95
5.69
7.0
3.15
2.80
2.44
1.97
1.37
4.39
3.90
3.39
2.42
1.67
8.81
7.40
5.70
3.65
2.50
13.2
10.4
7.95
5.05
8.0
2.41
2.15
1.87
1.51
1.11
3.36
2.99
2.60
1.94
1.35
6.75
5.94
4.58
2.95
2.02
10.6
8.41
6.42
4.09
fu = 450 MPa).
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.12(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-7
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
27.7
102
54.7
145
66.6
298
247
194
78.9
689
492
306
1380
1240
1060
630
383
0.25
6.96
25.4
13.7
36.9
16.7
74.4
61.8
48.6
19.7
172
123
76.4
346
309
265
158
95.8
0.5
3.09
11.3
6.08
16.4
7.40
33.1
27.5
21.6
8.77
76.5
54.7
33.9
154
137
120
70.0
42.6
0.75
1.74
6.36
3.42
9.22
4.16
18.6
15.4
12.1
4.93
43.1
30.7
19.1
86.5
77.3
67.7
39.4
24.0
1.0
1.11
4.07
2.21
5.90
2.74
11.9
9.88
7.78
3.31
27.6
19.7
12.2
55.4
49.5
43.3
25.2
15.7
1.25
0.773
2.83
1.64
4.10
2.04
8.27
6.86
5.55
2.47
19.1
13.7
9.07
38.5
34.4
30.1
17.5
11.7
1.5
0.568
2.08
1.28
3.01
1.59
6.08
5.04
4.19
1.93
14.1
10.2
7.08
28.3
25.2
22.1
13.3
9.17
1.75
0.435
1.59
1.02
2.31
1.28
4.65
3.86
3.21
1.56
10.8
8.20
5.71
21.6
19.3
16.9
10.8
7.41
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.344
1.26
0.843
1.82
1.06
3.68
3.05
2.54
1.29
8.51
6.75
4.72
17.1
15.3
13.4
8.89
6.13
2.25

(kN)
0.278
1.02
0.683
1.48
0.892
2.98
2.47
2.05
1.09
6.89
5.63
3.98
13.8
12.4
10.8
7.49
5.18
2.5
0.193
0.706
0.475
1.02
0.661
2.07
1.72
1.43
0.809
4.78
3.91
2.95
9.61
8.59
7.52
5.56
3.86
3.0
0.142
0.519
0.349
0.753
0.502
1.52
1.26
1.05
0.629
3.51
2.87
2.29
7.06
6.31
5.52
4.32
3.01
3.5
0.109
0.397
0.267
0.576
0.385
1.16
0.965
0.803
0.505
2.69
2.20
1.82
5.41
4.83
4.23
3.44
2.42
4.0
0.0859
0.314
0.211
0.455
0.304
0.919
0.763
0.634
0.416
2.13
1.74
1.44
4.27
3.82
3.34
2.72
2.00
4.5
0.0696
0.254
0.171
0.369
0.246
0.744
0.618
0.514
0.341
1.72
1.41
1.16
3.46
3.09
2.71
2.20
1.68
5.0
Equal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Table 15.12(b)
15-8

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
86.4
76.5
74.6
59.1
47.2
106
93.7
91.3
71.5
55.4
161
142
136
105
69.3
223
194
185
126
1.0
46.0
40.7
39.7
31.2
24.9
57.1
50.4
49.1
38.1
27.7
89.6
78.8
75.1
52.6
34.6
128
111
105
63.2
1.5
31.0
27.5
26.8
21.0
16.6
38.6
34.1
33.2
25.7
18.5
61.0
53.7
51.1
35.1
23.1
87.6
76.2
69.7
42.1
2.0
23.4
20.7
20.2
15.8
12.5
29.1
25.7
25.1
19.4
13.8
46.1
40.6
38.6
26.3
17.3
66.4
57.7
52.3
31.6
2.5
18.8
16.6
16.2
12.7
9.98
23.4
20.6
20.1
15.6
11.1
37.1
32.6
31.0
21.0
13.9
53.4
46.4
41.8
25.3
3.0
15.6
13.8
13.5
10.6
8.32
19.5
17.2
16.8
13.0
9.23
30.9
27.2
25.9
17.5
11.5
44.6
38.8
34.8
21.1
3.5
13.4
11.9
11.6
9.08
7.13
16.7
14.8
14.4
11.1
7.91
26.6
23.4
22.2
15.0
9.89
38.3
33.3
29.9
18.1
11.7
10.4
10.1
7.95
6.24
14.6
12.9
12.6
9.74
6.92
23.3
20.5
19.5
13.1
8.66
33.6
29.2
26.1
15.8
4.0
Span, l (m)
4.5
5.0
9.40
8.32
8.11
6.36
4.99
11.7
10.4
10.1
7.80
5.54
18.6
16.4
15.6
10.5
6.93
26.9
23.4
20.9
12.6
5.5
8.55
7.56
7.37
5.79
4.54
10.7
9.42
9.17
7.09
5.03
16.9
14.9
14.2
9.56
6.30
24.5
21.2
19.0
11.5
6.0
7.84
6.93
6.76
5.30
4.16
9.77
8.63
8.40
6.50
4.61
15.5
13.7
13.0
8.77
5.77
22.4
19.5
17.4
10.5
6.5
7.23
6.40
6.24
4.90
3.84
9.02
7.97
7.76
6.00
4.26
14.3
12.6
12.0
8.09
5.33
20.7
18.0
16.1
9.72
7.0
6.72
5.94
5.80
4.55
3.56
8.37
7.40
7.21
5.57
3.95
13.3
11.7
11.1
7.51
4.95
19.2
16.7
14.9
9.03
8.0
5.88
5.20
5.07
3.98
3.12
7.33
6.48
6.31
4.88
3.46
11.7
10.2
9.75
6.57
4.33
16.8
14.6
13.1
7.90
218
194
189
158
130
248
219
214
178
145
321
284
276
227
185
395
348
338
275
(kN)
10.4
9.24
9.01
7.07
5.54
13.0
11.5
11.2
8.66
6.15
20.7
18.2
17.3
11.7
7.69
29.9
25.9
23.2
14.0
(kN)

10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 15.13(a)
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-9
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
5.33
18.4
9.44
23.2
11.8
41.7
34.5
28.4
14.4
69.0
56.6
46.3
103
91.6
89.6
73.3
59.2
0.25
2.74
9.68
4.95
12.3
6.27
22.8
18.6
15.3
7.68
39.1
31.7
25.9
60.1
53.3
52.1
42.1
33.8
0.5
1.84
6.52
3.33
8.33
4.23
15.5
12.6
10.4
5.19
26.8
21.6
17.6
41.5
36.8
36.0
28.9
23.2
0.75
1.38
4.91
2.51
6.28
3.19
11.7
9.49
7.81
3.91
20.3
16.3
13.3
31.5
27.9
27.3
21.9
17.6
1.0
1.11
3.93
2.01
5.03
2.55
9.38
7.61
6.27
3.14
16.3
13.1
10.7
25.4
22.5
22.0
17.6
14.2
1.25
0.922
3.28
1.68
4.20
2.13
7.83
6.35
5.23
2.62
13.6
11.0
8.95
21.2
18.8
18.4
14.7
11.8
1.5
0.692
2.46
1.26
3.15
1.60
5.88
4.77
3.93
1.97
10.2
8.24
6.73
16.0
14.1
13.8
11.1
8.89
2.0
2.25
0.615
2.19
1.12
2.80
1.42
5.23
4.24
3.49
1.75
9.12
7.33
5.99
14.2
12.6
12.3
9.86
7.91
Span, l (m)
0.791
2.81
1.44
3.60
1.83
6.72
5.45
4.49
2.25
11.7
9.41
7.68
18.2
16.1
15.8
12.6
10.2
1.75
(kN)
0.554
1.97
1.01
2.52
1.28
4.71
3.82
3.14
1.57
8.21
6.60
5.39
12.8
11.3
11.1
8.88
7.12
2.5
0.462
1.64
0.839
2.10
1.07
3.92
3.18
2.62
1.31
6.84
5.50
4.49
10.7
9.45
9.24
7.40
5.94
3.0
0.396
1.41
0.719
1.80
0.915
3.36
2.73
2.25
1.12
5.87
4.72
3.85
9.14
8.11
7.92
6.35
5.09
3.5
0.346
1.23
0.629
1.58
0.801
2.94
2.39
1.97
0.984
5.14
4.13
3.37
8.00
7.10
6.93
5.56
4.46
4.0
0.308
1.10
0.559
1.40
0.712
2.62
2.12
1.75
0.875
4.57
3.67
3.00
7.11
6.31
6.16
4.94
3.96
4.5
0.277
0.986
0.503
1.26
0.640
2.36
1.91
1.57
0.787
4.11
3.31
2.70
6.40
5.68
5.55
4.45
3.57
5.0
19.4
50.7
27.2
58.6
31.0
89.6
80.5
66.5
34.9
127
110
90.1
174
155
152
129
106
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.13(b)
15-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
617
538
389
211
127
845
700
463
249
149
1390
1030
657
352
211
1880
1370
868
468
1.0
154
134
97.2
57.1
39.0
211
175
116
68.9
46.9
347
256
164
102
69.3
469
342
222
140
1.5
68.6
60.9
46.8
29.9
20.5
94.7
77.7
56.9
36.1
24.7
154
114
84.9
53.6
36.5
208
154
117
73.8
2.0
38.6
34.3
29.2
18.8
12.9
53.7
46.2
35.7
22.8
15.6
88.7
70.4
53.6
34.0
23.1
124
97.6
74.0
46.8
2.5
24.7
22.0
19.2
13.1
9.05
34.4
30.6
24.8
15.9
10.9
61.7
49.1
37.5
23.8
16.2
86.6
68.4
51.9
32.8
3.0
17.1
15.3
13.3
9.73
6.75
23.9
21.2
18.3
11.9
8.17
45.7
36.5
28.0
17.8
12.1
64.6
51.1
38.8
24.6
3.5
12.6
11.2
9.78
7.56
5.26
17.5
15.6
13.6
9.25
6.38
35.2
28.4
21.8
13.9
9.51
50.3
39.9
30.3
19.3
9.64
8.58
7.49
6.05
4.23
13.4
11.9
10.4
7.44
5.15
27.0
22.8
17.6
11.2
7.69
40.5
32.1
24.5
15.6
4.0
Span, l (m)
7.62
6.78
5.92
4.78
3.49
10.6
9.43
8.21
6.14
4.26
21.3
18.8
14.5
9.31
6.38
33.4
26.6
20.3
12.9
4.5

(kN)
5.0
6.17
5.49
4.79
3.87
2.94
8.60
7.64
6.65
5.16
3.59
17.3
15.3
12.2
7.86
5.39
28.1
22.4
17.1
10.9
5.5
5.10
4.54
3.96
3.20
2.51
7.11
6.32
5.50
4.41
3.08
14.3
12.6
10.4
6.74
4.63
24.1
19.2
14.7
9.38
6.0
4.29
3.82
3.33
2.69
2.18
5.97
5.31
4.62
3.72
2.67
12.0
10.6
9.03
5.86
4.03
20.8
16.7
12.8
8.17
6.5
3.65
3.25
2.84
2.29
1.88
5.09
4.52
3.94
3.17
2.34
10.2
9.05
7.86
5.15
3.54
18.0
14.6
11.2
7.19
7.0
3.15
2.80
2.44
1.97
1.62
4.39
3.90
3.39
2.73
2.08
8.81
7.81
6.78
4.56
3.15
15.5
12.9
9.94
6.38
8.0
2.41
2.15
1.87
1.51
1.24
3.36
2.99
2.60
2.09
1.67
6.75
5.98
5.19
3.67
2.54
11.9
10.4
8.00
5.15
fu = 450 MPa).
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.14(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-11
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
27.7
102
54.7
145
66.6
298
247
194
78.9
689
492
306
1380
1240
1060
630
383
0.25
6.96
25.4
13.7
36.3
16.7
74.4
61.8
48.6
19.7
172
123
76.4
346
309
265
158
95.8
0.5
3.09
11.3
6.28
16.4
7.80
33.1
27.5
21.6
9.43
76.5
54.7
34.6
154
137
118
70.0
44.7
0.75
1.74
6.36
3.93
9.22
4.91
18.6
15.4
12.8
5.95
43.1
31.4
21.8
86.5
77.3
66.7
41.1
28.3
1.0
1.11
4.07
2.72
5.90
3.42
11.9
9.88
8.22
4.16
27.6
21.8
15.2
55.4
49.5
43.3
28.7
19.8
1.25
0.773
2.83
1.90
4.10
2.53
8.27
6.86
5.71
3.10
19.1
15.7
11.3
38.5
34.4
30.1
21.3
14.8
1.5
0.568
2.08
1.39
3.01
1.97
6.08
5.04
4.19
2.41
14.1
11.5
8.79
28.3
25.2
22.1
16.6
11.5
1.75
0.435
1.59
1.07
2.31
1.54
4.65
3.86
3.21
1.94
10.8
8.80
7.05
21.6
19.3
16.9
13.3
9.27
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.344
1.26
0.844
1.82
1.22
3.68
3.05
2.54
1.60
8.51
6.96
5.75
17.1
15.3
13.4
10.9
7.66
2.25

(kN)
0.278
1.02
0.683
1.48
0.984
2.98
2.47
2.05
1.34
6.89
5.63
4.66
13.8
12.4
10.8
8.80
6.45
2.5
0.193
0.706
0.475
1.02
0.684
2.07
1.72
1.43
0.947
4.78
3.91
3.23
9.61
8.59
7.52
6.11
4.78
3.0
0.142
0.519
0.349
0.753
0.502
1.52
1.26
1.05
0.695
3.51
2.87
2.38
7.06
6.31
5.52
4.49
3.70
3.5
0.109
0.397
0.267
0.576
0.385
1.16
0.965
0.803
0.532
2.69
2.20
1.82
5.41
4.83
4.23
3.44
2.83
4.0
0.0859
0.314
0.211
0.455
0.304
0.919
0.763
0.634
0.421
2.13
1.74
1.44
4.27
3.82
3.34
2.72
2.24
4.5
0.0696
0.254
0.171
0.369
0.246
0.744
0.618
0.514
0.341
1.72
1.41
1.16
3.46
3.09
2.71
2.20
1.81
5.0
Equal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Table 15.14(b)
15-12

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
85.5
60.5
42.6
0.25
48.9
33.1
22.7
0.5
33.6
22.5
15.3
0.75
25.5
17.0
11.6
1.0
20.5
13.6
9.26
1.25
17.1
11.4
7.73
1.5
14.7
9.76
6.63
1.75
12.9
8.55
5.80
2.0
2.25
11.5
7.60
5.16
Span, l (m)
(kN)
10.3
6.84
4.64
2.5
8.60
5.70
3.87
3.0
7.38
4.89
3.32
3.5
6.46
4.28
2.90
4.0
5.74
3.80
2.58
4.5
5.17
3.42
2.32
5.0
152
129
106
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.21
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-13
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
931
575
362
0.25
233
144
90.4
0.5
103
63.9
40.2
0.75
58.2
36.0
22.6
1.0
37.2
23.0
14.7
1.25
25.9
16.0
11.0
1.5
19.0
12.3
8.54
1.75
14.5
9.85
6.87
2.0
Span, l (m)
11.5
8.12
5.68
2.25

(kN)
9.31
6.82
4.78
2.5
6.46
5.04
3.55
3.0
4.75
3.90
2.75
3.5
3.64
2.98
2.21
4.0
2.87
2.36
1.82
4.5
2.33
1.91
1.53
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.22
15-14

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
85.5
70.0
57.3
0.25
48.9
39.6
32.5
0.5
33.6
27.1
22.2
0.75
25.5
20.6
16.8
1.0
20.5
16.5
13.5
1.25
17.1
13.8
11.3
1.5
14.7
11.8
9.70
1.75
12.9
10.4
8.50
2.0
2.25
11.5
9.23
7.56
Span, l (m)
(kN)
10.3
8.31
6.81
2.5
8.60
6.93
5.68
3.0
7.38
5.94
4.87
3.5
6.46
5.20
4.26
4.0
5.74
4.62
3.79
4.5
5.17
4.16
3.41
5.0
152
129
106
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.23
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-15
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
931
575
362
0.25
233
144
90.4
0.5
103
63.9
41.9
0.75
58.2
37.8
26.3
1.0
37.2
26.2
18.3
1.25
25.9
19.4
13.6
1.5
19.0
15.0
10.6
1.75
14.5
11.9
8.48
2.0
Span, l (m)
11.5
9.43
6.98
2.25

(kN)
9.31
7.64
5.87
2.5
6.46
5.30
4.33
3.0
4.75
3.90
3.22
3.5
3.64
2.98
2.46
4.0
2.87
2.36
1.95
4.5
2.33
1.91
1.58
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.24
15-16

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
43.8
36.1
28.5
0.25
24.1
19.6
15.3
0.5
16.4
13.3
10.4
0.75
12.4
10.0
7.82
1.0
9.97
8.05
6.27
1.25
8.32
6.72
5.23
1.5
7.14
5.76
4.49
1.75
6.25
5.04
3.93
2.0
Span, l (m)
5.56
4.49
3.49
2.25
(kN)
5.01
4.04
3.14
2.5
4.18
3.37
2.62
3.0
3.58
2.89
2.25
3.5
3.13
2.53
1.97
4.0
2.79
2.25
1.75
4.5
2.51
2.02
1.57
5.0
89.6
80.5
66.5
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.25
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-17
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
335
259
205
0.25
85.4
68.1
53.8
0.5
38.0
31.2
23.9
0.75
21.4
17.5
13.5
1.0
13.7
11.2
8.61
1.25
9.49
7.80
6.04
1.5
6.97
5.73
4.70
1.75
5.34
4.38
3.64
2.0
Span, l (m)
4.22
3.46
2.88
2.25

(kN)
3.42
2.81
2.33
2.5
2.37
1.95
1.62
3.0
1.74
1.43
1.19
3.5
1.33
1.10
0.910
4.0
1.05
0.866
0.719
4.5
0.854
0.702
0.582
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.26
15-18

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
43.8
36.1
29.6
0.25
24.1
19.6
16.0
0.5
16.4
13.3
10.9
0.75
12.4
10.0
8.19
1.0
10.0
8.05
6.57
1.25
8.32
6.72
5.48
1.5
7.14
5.76
4.70
1.75
6.25
5.04
4.12
2.0
Span, l (m)
5.56
4.49
3.66
2.25
(kN)
5.01
4.04
3.30
2.5
4.18
3.37
2.75
3.0
3.58
2.89
2.36
3.5
3.13
2.53
2.06
4.0
2.79
2.25
1.83
4.5
2.51
2.02
1.65
5.0
89.6
80.5
66.5
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 15.27
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-19
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
335
259
205
0.25
83.8
64.8
51.2
0.5
38.0
29.8
23.5
0.75
21.4
17.2
13.7
1.0
13.7
11.2
8.97
1.25
9.49
7.80
6.34
1.5
6.97
5.73
4.72
1.75
5.34
4.38
3.64
2.0
Span, l (m)
4.22
3.46
2.88
2.25

(kN)
3.42
2.81
2.33
2.5
2.37
1.95
1.62
3.0
1.74
1.43
1.19
3.5
1.33
1.10
0.910
4.0
1.05
0.866
0.719
4.5
0.854
0.702
0.582
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 15.28
15-20

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
36.4
58.6
84.3
143
182
271
209
326
376
578
503
476
1.0
29.9
48.6
70.6
121
155
235
178
283
329
515
447
420
1.25
25.3
41.3
60.4
105
134
205
155
248
291
460
398
372
1.5
21.9
35.9
52.6
91.6
118
182
136
220
259
413
357
333
1.75
19.3
31.7
46.6
81.4
105
162
121
197
233
374
323
300
2.0
15.6
25.6
37.7
66.3
85.4
133
99.0
162
192
312
269
249
2.5
13.0
21.5
31.7
55.8
71.9
113
83.5
137
163
266
229
212
3.0
11.2
18.5
27.3
48.1
62.1
97.6
72.1
119
142
232
199
184
3.5
Span, l (m)
4.0
9.81
16.2
23.9
42.3
54.6
85.9
63.4
105
125
205
176
162
(kN)
7.86
13.0
19.2
34.0
43.9
69.2
51.0
84.4
101
166
142
131
5.0
6.56
10.8
16.0
28.4
36.7
57.9
42.6
70.6
84.5
139
120
110
6.0
5.62
9.30
13.8
24.4
31.5
49.8
36.6
60.7
72.7
120
103
94.6
7.0

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels
for
Table 15.31
Channels
4.92
8.14
12.1
21.4
27.6
43.6
32.1
53.2
63.7
105
90.2
83.0
8.0
4.38
7.24
10.7
19.0
24.6
38.8
28.5
47.4
56.7
93.5
80.3
73.9
9.0
3.94
6.52
9.66
17.1
22.1
35.0
25.7
42.7
51.1
84.3
72.4
66.5
10.0
93.6
133
172
258
317
428
356
503
552
790
697
677
(kN)
0.641
0.762
0.968
1.12
1.11
1.12
1.10
1.11
1.33
1.40
1.40
1.31
1.0
Cb
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

15-21
NOTES:
67.6
153
296
624
962
1620
1240
2280
3040
6540
5680
4740
1.0
43.2
98.0
190
399
616
1040
793
1460
1950
4180
3630
3030
1.25
30.0
68.1
132
277
428
722
551
1010
1350
2900
2520
2100
1.5
22.1
50.0
96.7
204
314
530
405
744
993
2130
1850
1550
1.75
16.9
38.3
74.0
156
241
406
310
569
760
1630
1420
1180
2.0
10.8
25.0
47.4
99.8
154
260
198
364
486
1050
908
758
2.5
7.51
17.7
33.3
69.3
107
180
138
253
338
726
631
526
3.0
5.52
13.1
24.9
51.4
78.6
133
101
186
248
533
463
387
3.5
Span, l (m)
4.22
10.0
19.4
40.0
60.3
102
77.4
142
190
408
355
296
4.0

(kN)
2.70
6.41
12.8
26.3
39.6
66.1
50.4
91.4
122
261
227
189
5.0
1.88
4.45
9.06
18.7
28.1
46.2
35.7
64.5
85.5
182
158
132
6.0
1.38
3.27
6.77
13.9
21.0
33.9
26.7
47.5
63.8
133
116
97.5
7.0
Channels
5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Table 15.32
1.06
2.50
5.21
10.8
16.3
26.0
20.7
36.4
49.5
102
89.7
75.6
8.0
0.834
1.98
4.12
8.53
13.0
20.5
16.6
28.7
39.5
80.7
71.5
60.4
9.0
0.676
1.60
3.34
6.91
10.6
16.6
13.5
23.3
32.3
65.4
58.0
49.4
10.0
[ BLANK ]
15-22

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
16
FIXED ENDED BEAMS

CONTENTS
16.1
Page
SCOPE........................................................................................................... 16-1
16.2
16.3
16.3.1
16.3.2
16.3.3

General .......................................................................................................... 16-2
16.4
16.5
16.6
EXAMPLE ...................................................................................................... 16-4
TABLES

16.21
16.22
16.23
16.24
16.25
16.26
16.27
16.28

DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

FIXED ENDED
BEAMS
16
16.11
16.12
16.13
16.14
FIXED ENDED BEAMS
16
16.1 SCOPE
The tables in this section apply to fixed ended beams with full
lateral restraint and with a uniformly distributed load.
Separate tables are provided for the strength limit state and
the serviceability limit state (deflection limit = span / 250). Tables
are provided for the following cases:

long leg down
long leg up
short leg down
short leg up


DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-1

16.3.1 General
For strength:
For serviceability:

(WL1 max ) based on the design section moment capacity (fbMs) and the combined bending and



16-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

NOTE:
D is the elastic deflection
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-3
16.6 EXAMPLE
A fixed ended beam of 2.0 m span with full lateral restraint is
required to support the following loads:
Dead load G = 4.0 kN/m
Live load Q = 7.0 kN/m
What size DuraGal equal angle with leg up is required for a
desired deflection limit of span / 250.
Solution:
1.25G + 1.5Q = 1.25 x 4.0 + 1.5 x 7.0
= 15.5 kN/m
Strength:
WL = 15.5 x 2.0
= 31.0 kN
Design load
Serviceability:
G + 0.7Q = 4.0 + 0.7 x 7.0

= 8.9 kN/m
WS = 8.9 x 2.0
= 17.8 kN
Design load
Select an angle size:

Strength: (Table 16.13(a))
Select 100 x 100 x 6.0 CA DuraGal
Serviceability: (Table 16.14(a))

Check 100 x 100 x 6.0 CA DuraGal
WS max = 68.5 kN > WS = 17.8 kN

The 100 x 100 x 6.0 CA DuraGal is satisfactory for these strength and serviceability limit states.
beam.
16-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-5
16-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
125
111
96.3
60.9
40.7
153
129
108
67.7
45.2
206
166
136
84.7
56.6
251
200
163
102
1.0
68.3
60.5
51.4
31.6
20.9
84.6
70.7
57.6
35.1
23.2
115
90.5
72.2
43.8
29.0
140
109
86.3
52.7
1.5
46.4
41.0
34.7
21.2
14.0
57.6
48.0
38.9
23.6
15.5
78.6
61.4
48.7
29.4
19.4
95.5
74.0
58.2
35.4
2.0
35.0
31.0
26.2
15.9
10.5
43.6
36.3
29.3
17.7
11.7
59.5
46.4
36.7
22.1
14.6
72.2
55.8
43.9
26.6
2.5
28.1
24.8
21.0
12.8
8.41
35.0
29.1
23.5
14.2
9.33
47.8
37.2
29.4
17.7
11.7
58.0
44.8
35.2
21.3
3.0
23.4
20.7
17.5
10.7
7.01
29.2
24.3
19.6
11.8
7.78
39.9
31.1
24.5
14.8
9.73
48.4
37.4
29.3
17.8
3.5
20.1
17.8
15.0
9.13
6.01
25.1
20.8
16.8
10.1
6.67
34.2
26.7
21.1
12.7
8.34
41.6
32.1
25.2
15.2
17.6
15.6
13.2
7.99
5.26
21.9
18.2
14.7
8.88
5.84
30.0
23.3
18.4
11.1
7.30
36.4
28.1
22.0
13.3
4.0
Span, l (m)
4.5
15.7
13.9
11.7
7.11
4.68
19.5
16.2
13.1
7.90
5.19
26.7
20.8
16.4
9.86
6.49
32.4
25.0
19.6
11.8
(kN)
14.1
12.5
10.5
6.40
4.21
17.6
14.6
11.8
7.11
4.67
24.0
18.7
14.7
8.87
5.84
29.2
22.5
17.6
10.7
5.0
5.5
12.8
11.3
9.57
5.82
3.83
16.0
13.3
10.7
6.46
4.24
21.8
17.0
13.4
8.06
5.31
26.5
20.4
16.0
9.69
6.0
11.8
10.4
8.78
5.33
3.51
14.6
12.2
9.82
5.92
3.89
20.0
15.6
12.3
7.39
4.87
24.3
18.7
14.7
8.88
6.5
10.8
9.60
8.10
4.92
3.24
13.5
11.2
9.07
5.47
3.59
18.5
14.4
11.3
6.82
4.49
22.4
17.3
13.6
8.20
7.0
10.1
8.91
7.52
4.57
3.01
12.6
10.4
8.42
5.08
3.34
17.2
13.4
10.5
6.34
4.17
20.8
16.1
12.6
7.62
8.0
8.82
7.80
6.58
4.00
2.63
11.0
9.14
7.37
4.44
2.92
15.0
11.7
9.22
5.55
3.65
18.2
14.1
11.0
6.66
273
242
236
198
162
310
274
267
222
182
402
355
345
283
231
494
435
423
344
(kN)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 16.11(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-7
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
7.86
26.8
12.1
33.7
13.7
59.8
49.8
39.9
15.3
97.4
75.4
53.5
144
128
125
88.6
62.1
0.25
4.10
14.4
6.36
18.3
7.22
33.7
27.6
21.9
8.06
57.5
42.9
29.3
87.9
78.0
76.3
50.3
34.0
0.5
2.75
9.74
4.28
12.4
4.86
23.1
18.8
14.9
5.42
39.8
29.4
19.9
61.5
54.5
53.3
34.5
23.1
0.75
2.07
7.35
3.22
9.39
3.66
17.5
14.2
11.3
4.08
30.3
22.3
15.1
46.9
41.6
40.7
26.1
17.4
1.0
1.66
5.89
2.58
7.54
2.93
14.0
11.4
9.03
3.27
24.4
17.9
12.1
37.9
33.6
32.8
21.0
14.0
1.25
1.38
4.92
2.15
6.29
2.45
11.7
9.51
7.54
2.73
20.4
15.0
10.1
31.7
28.1
27.5
17.6
11.7
1.5
1.19
4.22
1.85
5.40
2.10
10.1
8.17
6.47
2.34
17.5
12.8
8.66
27.2
24.2
23.6
15.1
10.0
1.75
1.04
3.69
1.62
4.73
1.84
8.81
7.15
5.67
2.05
15.3
11.3
7.58
23.9
21.2
20.7
13.2
8.77
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.923
3.28
1.44
4.20
1.63
7.84
6.36
5.04
1.82
13.7
10.0
6.74
21.3
18.9
18.4
11.7
7.80
2.25
(kN)
0.831
2.96
1.29
3.78
1.47
7.06
5.73
4.54
1.64
12.3
9.01
6.07
19.2
17.0
16.6
10.6
7.02
2.5
0.692
2.46
1.08
3.15
1.22
5.88
4.77
3.78
1.37
10.3
7.52
5.06
16.0
14.2
13.8
8.82
5.85
3.0
0.594
2.11
0.924
2.70
1.05
5.05
4.09
3.24
1.17
8.80
6.44
4.34
13.7
12.2
11.9
7.56
5.02
3.5
0.519
1.85
0.809
2.37
0.919
4.42
3.58
2.84
1.02
7.70
5.64
3.80
12.0
10.6
10.4
6.62
4.39
4.0
0.462
1.64
0.719
2.10
0.817
3.93
3.18
2.52
0.911
6.85
5.01
3.38
10.7
9.46
9.24
5.88
3.90
4.5
0.416
1.48
0.647
1.89
0.735
3.53
2.87
2.27
0.819
6.16
4.51
3.04
9.60
8.52
8.32
5.29
3.51
5.0
24.3
63.4
34.0
73.3
38.8
112
101
83.1
43.6
159
137
113
217
194
190
162
132
(kN)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
Equal Angles

5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.11(b)
16-8

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
1280
1120
807
439
263
1750
1450
961
517
310
2880
2130
1360
730
439
3890
2840
1800
972
1.0
320
283
202
110
65.9
441
363
240
129
77.4
720
532
341
183
110
974
710
451
243
1.5
142
127
89.6
48.8
29.3
198
161
107
57.5
35.2
320
236
152
81.2
52.1
433
315
200
108
2.0
80.1
71.3
50.4
27.4
18.6
112
90.7
60.1
32.8
22.3
180
133
85.3
48.5
33.0
243
177
113
66.8
2.5
51.2
45.6
32.3
19.1
13.0
71.4
58.1
38.5
23.0
15.7
115
85.1
54.6
34.1
23.2
156
114
74.3
46.9
3.0
35.6
31.7
22.5
14.3
9.76
49.6
40.3
27.2
17.2
11.7
80.0
59.1
40.5
25.5
17.4
108
78.8
55.6
35.1
3.5
26.1
23.3
17.5
11.2
7.64
36.4
29.6
21.2
13.5
9.20
58.8
43.4
31.7
20.0
13.6
79.5
57.9
43.6
27.5
20.0
17.8
14.1
9.00
6.17
27.9
22.7
17.1
10.9
7.44
45.0
33.7
25.6
16.2
11.0
60.8
46.5
35.3
22.3
4.0
Span, l (m)
15.8
14.1
11.6
7.45
5.12
22.0
18.4
14.1
9.02
6.17
35.5
27.9
21.2
13.4
9.13
49.0
38.6
29.2
18.5
4.5

(kN)
5.0
12.8
11.4
9.74
6.28
4.32
17.8
15.4
11.9
7.62
5.22
29.6
23.5
17.9
11.4
7.73
41.4
32.6
24.7
15.6
5.5
10.6
9.43
8.22
5.39
3.71
14.7
13.1
10.2
6.54
4.48
25.4
20.2
15.4
9.76
6.64
35.5
28.0
21.3
13.4
6.0
8.90
7.92
6.91
4.68
3.23
12.4
11.0
8.85
5.69
3.90
22.0
17.5
13.4
8.50
5.79
30.9
24.4
18.5
11.7
6.5
7.58
6.75
5.89
4.11
2.84
10.6
9.39
7.76
5.00
3.43
19.3
15.4
11.8
7.48
5.10
27.2
21.5
16.3
10.3
7.0
6.54
5.82
5.07
3.64
2.52
9.11
8.09
6.86
4.44
3.05
17.1
13.6
10.4
6.65
4.53
24.1
19.1
14.5
9.18
8.0
5.00
4.45
3.89
2.92
2.03
6.97
6.20
5.39
3.57
2.46
13.7
11.0
8.42
5.37
3.67
19.4
15.4
11.7
7.42
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.12(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-9
5.62
4.52
3.69
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
57.4
211
113
302
138
618
513
403
164
1430
1020
634
2870
2570
2200
1310
795
0.25
14.4
52.8
28.4
76.6
34.6
155
128
101
40.9
357
255
159
718
642
550
327
199
0.5
6.42
23.5
12.6
34.0
15.4
68.7
57.0
44.8
18.2
159
113
70.5
319
285
248
145
88.4
0.75
3.61
13.2
7.09
19.1
8.64
38.6
32.1
25.2
10.2
89.4
63.8
39.6
180
160
140
81.7
49.7
1.0
2.31
8.45
4.54
12.3
5.53
24.7
20.5
16.1
6.55
57.2
40.8
25.4
115
103
89.9
52.3
31.8
1.25
1.61
5.87
3.15
8.51
3.84
17.2
14.2
11.2
4.55
39.7
28.4
17.6
79.8
71.3
62.4
36.3
22.1
1.5
1.18
4.31
2.35
6.25
2.91
12.6
10.5
8.23
3.52
29.2
20.8
12.9
58.6
52.4
45.9
26.7
16.7
1.75
0.903
3.30
1.89
4.79
2.35
9.66
8.01
6.39
2.84
22.3
16.0
10.4
44.9
40.1
35.1
20.4
13.5
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.713
2.61
1.56
3.78
1.94
7.63
6.33
5.26
2.36
17.7
12.6
8.64
35.5
31.7
27.7
16.3
11.2
2.25

(kN)
0.578
2.11
1.31
3.06
1.64
6.18
5.13
4.27
1.99
14.3
10.5
7.29
28.7
25.7
22.5
13.7
9.44
2.5
0.401
1.47
0.972
2.13
1.22
4.29
3.56
2.96
1.48
9.93
7.78
5.43
20.0
17.8
15.6
10.2
7.06
3.0
0.295
1.08
0.724
1.56
0.948
3.15
2.62
2.18
1.16
7.30
5.97
4.23
14.7
13.1
11.5
7.97
5.51
3.5
0.226
0.825
0.554
1.20
0.761
2.41
2.00
1.67
0.931
5.59
4.57
3.40
11.2
10.0
8.78
6.41
4.44
4.0
0.178
0.652
0.438
0.945
0.627
1.91
1.58
1.32
0.769
4.41
3.61
2.80
8.87
7.92
6.94
5.28
3.67
4.5
0.144
0.528
0.355
0.766
0.511
1.55
1.28
1.07
0.647
3.57
2.92
2.36
7.18
6.42
5.62
4.44
3.10
5.0
Equal Angles
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.12(b)
16-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
125
111
108
86.0
68.8
153
135
132
104
82.6
230
202
194
151
117
313
273
261
203
1.0
68.3
60.5
59.0
46.4
37.0
84.6
74.8
72.8
56.6
44.9
132
116
111
85.3
58.4
187
163
154
107
1.5
46.4
41.0
40.0
31.4
25.0
57.6
50.9
49.6
38.4
30.5
90.8
79.9
76.1
58.4
39.0
130
113
107
71.1
2.0
35.0
31.0
30.2
23.7
18.9
43.6
38.5
37.5
29.0
23.0
68.9
60.6
57.7
44.2
29.2
99.0
86.1
81.4
53.3
2.5
28.1
24.8
24.2
19.0
15.1
35.0
30.9
30.1
23.3
18.5
55.4
48.8
46.4
35.5
23.4
79.8
69.4
65.6
42.7
3.0
23.4
20.7
20.2
15.9
12.6
29.2
25.8
25.1
19.4
15.4
46.3
40.7
38.8
29.6
19.5
66.8
58.0
54.8
35.6
3.5
20.1
17.8
17.3
13.6
10.8
25.1
22.1
21.6
16.7
13.2
39.8
35.0
33.3
25.4
16.7
57.4
49.8
47.1
30.5
17.6
15.6
15.2
11.9
9.48
21.9
19.4
18.9
14.6
11.6
34.8
30.7
29.2
22.2
14.6
50.3
43.7
41.3
26.7
4.0
Span, l (m)
4.5
15.7
13.9
13.5
10.6
8.43
19.5
17.2
16.8
13.0
10.3
31.0
27.3
25.9
19.7
13.0
44.7
38.9
36.7
23.7
(kN)
5.5
12.8
11.3
11.1
8.68
6.90
16.0
14.1
13.7
10.6
8.43
25.4
22.3
21.2
16.1
10.6
36.7
31.8
30.1
19.4
6.0
11.8
10.4
10.1
7.95
6.33
14.6
12.9
12.6
9.75
7.73
23.3
20.5
19.5
14.8
9.74
33.6
29.2
27.6
17.8
6.5
10.8
9.60
9.36
7.34
5.84
13.5
12.0
11.6
9.00
7.13
21.5
18.9
18.0
13.7
8.99
31.0
27.0
25.5
16.4
7.0
10.1
8.91
8.69
6.82
5.43
12.6
11.1
10.8
8.36
6.62
20.0
17.6
16.7
12.7
8.35
28.8
25.0
23.7
15.2
8.0
8.82
7.80
7.61
5.97
4.75
11.0
9.71
9.46
7.31
5.80
17.5
15.4
14.6
11.1
7.30
25.2
21.9
20.7
13.3
273
242
236
198
162
310
274
267
222
182
402
355
345
283
231
494
435
423
344
(kN)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
14.1
12.5
12.2
9.54
7.59
17.6
15.5
15.1
11.7
9.27
27.9
24.6
23.4
17.7
11.7
40.3
35.0
33.1
21.3
5.0

10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 16.13(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-11
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
7.86
26.8
13.8
33.7
17.2
59.8
49.8
41.0
20.8
97.4
80.4
65.8
144
128
125
103
83.3
0.25
4.10
14.4
7.37
18.3
9.33
33.7
27.6
22.7
11.4
57.5
46.6
38.1
87.9
78.0
76.3
61.7
49.6
0.5
2.75
9.74
4.98
12.4
6.32
23.1
18.8
15.5
7.75
39.8
32.1
26.3
61.5
54.5
53.3
42.9
34.5
0.75
2.07
7.35
3.75
9.39
4.77
17.5
14.2
11.7
5.85
30.3
24.4
19.9
46.9
41.6
40.7
32.7
26.2
1.0
1.66
5.89
3.01
7.54
3.82
14.0
11.4
9.38
4.70
24.4
19.6
16.0
37.9
33.6
32.8
26.3
21.1
1.25
1.38
4.92
2.51
6.29
3.19
11.7
9.51
7.83
3.92
20.4
16.4
13.4
31.7
28.1
27.5
22.0
17.7
1.5
1.19
4.22
2.15
5.40
2.74
10.1
8.17
6.72
3.36
17.5
14.1
11.5
27.2
24.2
23.6
18.9
15.2
1.75
1.04
3.69
1.89
4.73
2.40
8.81
7.15
5.89
2.95
15.3
12.3
10.1
23.9
21.2
20.7
16.6
13.3
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.923
3.28
1.68
4.20
2.13
7.84
6.36
5.23
2.62
13.7
11.0
8.97
21.3
18.9
18.4
14.8
11.9
2.25
(kN)
0.831
2.96
1.51
3.78
1.92
7.06
5.73
4.71
2.36
12.3
9.89
8.08
19.2
17.0
16.6
13.3
10.7
2.5
0.692
2.46
1.26
3.15
1.60
5.88
4.77
3.93
1.97
10.3
8.25
6.74
16.0
14.2
13.8
11.1
8.91
3.0
0.594
2.11
1.08
2.70
1.37
5.05
4.09
3.37
1.69
8.80
7.08
5.78
13.7
12.2
11.9
9.52
7.64
3.5
0.519
1.85
0.944
2.37
1.20
4.42
3.58
2.95
1.48
7.70
6.19
5.06
12.0
10.6
10.4
8.33
6.69
4.0
0.462
1.64
0.839
2.10
1.07
3.93
3.18
2.62
1.31
6.85
5.51
4.50
10.7
9.46
9.24
7.41
5.94
4.5
0.416
1.48
0.755
1.89
0.961
3.53
2.87
2.36
1.18
6.16
4.96
4.05
9.60
8.52
8.32
6.67
5.35
5.0
24.3
63.4
34.0
73.3
38.8
112
101
83.1
43.6
159
137
113
217
194
190
162
132
(kN)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
Equal Angles

5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.13(b)
16-12

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
1280
1120
807
439
263
1750
1450
961
517
310
2880
2130
1360
730
439
3890
2840
1800
972
1.0
320
279
202
110
74.3
438
363
240
131
89.4
720
532
341
194
132
974
710
451
267
1.5
142
124
89.9
57.1
39.0
195
161
109
68.9
47.0
320
236
162
102
69.4
433
315
223
141
2.0
80.1
70.8
56.2
36.0
24.7
110
90.7
68.5
43.6
29.8
180
135
102
64.7
44.0
243
186
141
89.1
2.5
51.2
45.6
39.0
25.1
17.3
71.4
61.8
47.7
30.5
20.9
119
94.1
71.7
45.4
30.9
166
130
98.9
62.6
3.0
35.6
31.7
27.6
18.7
12.9
49.6
44.0
35.4
22.8
15.6
88.1
70.1
53.5
34.0
23.1
124
97.6
74.0
46.9
3.5
26.1
23.3
20.3
14.6
10.1
36.4
32.4
27.5
17.7
12.2
68.5
54.6
41.8
26.6
18.1
96.4
76.2
57.9
36.7
20.0
17.8
15.5
11.7
8.13
27.9
24.8
21.5
14.3
9.85
54.9
43.9
33.7
21.5
14.7
77.7
61.5
46.8
29.7
4.0
Span, l (m)
15.8
14.1
12.3
9.64
6.72
22.0
19.6
17.1
11.8
8.15
44.1
36.2
27.8
17.8
12.2
64.2
50.9
38.8
24.6
4.5

(kN)
5.0
12.8
11.4
9.95
7.98
5.66
17.8
15.9
13.8
9.94
6.88
35.8
30.5
23.5
15.0
10.3
54.1
43.0
32.8
20.8
5.5
10.6
9.43
8.22
6.64
4.84
14.7
13.1
11.4
8.51
5.90
29.6
26.0
20.1
12.9
8.84
46.3
36.8
28.1
17.9
6.0
8.90
7.92
6.91
5.58
4.20
12.4
11.0
9.59
7.37
5.13
24.9
22.0
17.4
11.2
7.69
40.2
32.0
24.5
15.6
6.5
7.58
6.75
5.89
4.75
3.68
10.6
9.39
8.17
6.46
4.50
21.2
18.8
15.3
9.87
6.77
35.2
28.1
21.5
13.7
7.0
6.54
5.82
5.07
4.10
3.26
9.11
8.09
7.05
5.64
3.99
18.3
16.2
13.5
8.76
6.01
31.2
24.9
19.1
12.2
8.0
5.00
4.45
3.89
3.14
2.57
6.97
6.20
5.39
4.34
3.21
14.0
12.4
10.7
7.06
4.86
24.5
20.0
15.4
9.85
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.14(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-13
5.62
4.52
3.69
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
57.4
211
113
302
138
618
513
403
164
1430
1020
634
2870
2570
2200
1310
795
0.25
14.4
52.8
28.4
75.4
34.6
155
128
101
40.9
357
255
159
718
642
550
327
199
0.5
6.42
23.5
12.6
33.5
15.4
68.7
57.0
44.8
18.2
159
113
70.5
319
285
244
145
88.4
0.75
3.61
13.2
7.56
19.1
9.40
38.6
32.1
25.6
11.4
89.4
63.8
41.8
180
160
137
81.7
53.9
1.0
2.31
8.45
5.25
12.3
6.56
24.7
20.5
17.0
7.96
57.2
42.0
29.2
115
103
87.9
54.9
37.8
1.25
1.61
5.87
3.89
8.51
4.88
17.2
14.2
11.8
5.93
39.7
31.1
21.7
79.8
71.3
62.0
40.9
28.2
1.5
1.18
4.31
2.90
6.25
3.79
12.6
10.5
8.70
4.63
29.2
23.7
16.9
58.6
52.4
45.9
31.9
22.0
1.75
0.903
3.30
2.22
4.79
3.05
9.66
8.01
6.66
3.73
22.3
18.3
13.6
44.9
40.1
35.1
25.6
17.8
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.713
2.61
1.75
3.78
2.50
7.63
6.33
5.27
3.08
17.7
14.4
11.2
35.5
31.7
27.7
21.1
14.7
2.25

(kN)
0.578
2.11
1.42
3.06
2.04
6.18
5.13
4.27
2.59
14.3
11.7
9.42
28.7
25.7
22.5
17.8
12.4
2.5
0.401
1.47
0.985
2.13
1.42
4.29
3.56
2.96
1.92
9.93
8.12
6.71
20.0
17.8
15.6
12.7
9.21
3.0
0.295
1.08
0.724
1.56
1.04
3.15
2.62
2.18
1.44
7.30
5.97
4.93
14.7
13.1
11.5
9.32
7.16
3.5
0.226
0.825
0.554
1.20
0.798
2.41
2.00
1.67
1.11
5.59
4.57
3.77
11.2
10.0
8.78
7.13
5.74
4.0
0.178
0.652
0.438
0.945
0.631
1.91
1.58
1.32
0.873
4.41
3.61
2.98
8.87
7.92
6.94
5.64
4.63
4.5
0.144
0.528
0.355
0.766
0.511
1.55
1.28
1.07
0.707
3.57
2.92
2.42
7.18
6.42
5.62
4.57
3.76
5.0
Equal Angles
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
kg/m
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.14(b)
16-14

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
120
86.7
61.7
0.25
71.8
49.0
33.7
0.5
49.9
33.5
22.9
0.75
38.0
25.4
17.3
1.0
30.6
20.4
13.9
1.25
25.6
17.0
11.6
1.5
22.0
14.6
9.93
1.75
19.3
12.8
8.70
2.0
Span, l (m)
17.2
11.4
7.73
2.25
(kN)
15.5
10.3
6.96
2.5
12.9
8.55
5.80
3.0
11.1
7.33
4.98
3.5
9.68
6.42
4.36
4.0
8.61
5.71
3.87
4.5
7.75
5.14
3.49
5.0
190
162
132
(kN)
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450
MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.21
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-15
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
1930
1190
750
0.25
483
299
188
0.5
215
133
83.4
0.75
121
74.7
46.9
1.0
77.3
47.8
30.0
1.25
53.7
33.2
20.8
1.5
39.4
24.4
15.7
1.75
30.2
18.7
12.6
2.0
Span, l (m)
23.9
15.0
10.4
2.25

(kN)
19.3
12.6
8.79
2.5
13.4
9.36
6.54
3.0
9.86
7.25
5.08
3.5
Unequal Angles
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.22
7.55
5.81
4.09
4.0
5.96
4.78
3.37
4.5
4.83
3.96
2.83
5.0
16-16

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
120
98.8
81.0
0.25
71.8
58.3
47.7
0.5
49.9
40.3
33.0
0.75
38.0
30.7
25.1
1.0
30.6
24.7
20.2
1.25
25.6
20.6
16.9
1.5
22.0
17.7
14.5
1.75
19.3
15.5
12.7
2.0
Span, l (m)
17.2
13.8
11.3
2.25
(kN)
15.5
12.5
10.2
2.5
12.9
10.4
8.51
3.0
11.1
8.91
7.30
3.5
9.68
7.80
6.39
4.0
8.61
6.93
5.68
4.5
7.75
6.24
5.11
5.0
190
162
132
(kN)
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.23
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-17
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
1930
1190
750
0.25
483
299
188
0.5
215
133
83.4
0.75
121
74.7
50.5
1.0
77.3
50.5
35.2
1.25
53.7
37.4
26.1
1.5
39.4
29.0
20.3
1.75
30.2
23.3
16.3
2.0
Span, l (m)
23.9
19.1
13.5
2.25

(kN)
19.3
15.9
11.3
2.5
13.4
11.0
8.38
3.0
9.86
8.09
6.49
3.5
7.55
6.19
5.11
4.0
5.96
4.89
4.04
4.5
4.83
3.96
3.27
5.0
Unequal Angles
2. Steel grade C450L0 / C400L0 / C350L0 (for t 2.5 mm fy = 350 MPa and fu = 400 MPa, for 2.5 mm < t 6.0 mm fy = 450 MPa and fu = 500 MPa, and for t > 6.0 mm fy = 400 MPa and fu = 450
MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.24
16-18

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
62.4
51.9
41.1
0.25
35.7
29.0
22.7
0.5
24.5
19.8
15.5
0.75
18.5
15.0
11.7
1.0
14.9
12.0
9.38
1.25
12.5
10.1
7.84
1.5
10.7
8.63
6.72
1.75
9.37
7.56
5.89
2.0
Span, l (m)
8.34
6.72
5.24
2.25
(kN)
7.51
6.05
4.71
2.5
6.26
5.05
3.93
3.0
5.37
4.33
3.37
3.5
4.70
3.79
2.95
4.0
4.18
3.37
2.62
4.5
3.76
3.03
2.36
5.0
112
101
83.1
(kN)
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.25
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-19
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
696
538
425
0.25
177
138
109
0.5
78.8
64.0
49.6
0.75
44.3
36.4
27.9
1.0
28.4
23.3
17.9
1.25
19.7
16.2
12.4
1.5
14.5
11.9
9.12
1.75
11.1
9.10
6.98
2.0
Span, l (m)
8.76
7.19
5.75
2.25

(kN)
7.09
5.82
4.83
2.5
4.93
4.05
3.36
3.0
3.62
2.97
2.47
3.5
2.77
2.28
1.89
4.0
2.19
1.80
1.49
4.5
1.77
1.46
1.21
5.0
Unequal Angles
MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.26
16-20

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
62.4
51.9
42.5
0.25
35.7
29.0
23.7
0.5
24.5
19.8
16.2
0.75
18.5
15.0
12.2
1.0
14.9
12.0
9.83
1.25
12.5
10.1
8.21
1.5
10.7
8.63
7.05
1.75
9.37
7.56
6.17
2.0
Span, l (m)
8.34
6.72
5.49
2.25
(kN)
7.51
6.05
4.94
2.5
6.26
5.05
4.12
3.0
5.37
4.33
3.53
3.5
4.70
3.79
3.09
4.0
4.18
3.37
2.75
4.5
3.76
3.03
2.47
5.0
112
101
83.1
(kN)
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 16.27
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-21
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
696
538
425
0.25
174
135
106
0.5
77.3
59.8
47.3
0.75
44.3
34.6
27.3
1.0
28.4
22.7
18.0
1.25
19.7
16.0
12.7
1.5
14.5
11.9
9.51
1.75
11.1
9.10
7.38
2.0
Span, l (m)
8.76
7.19
5.89
2.25

(kN)
7.09
5.82
4.81
2.5
4.93
4.05
3.36
3.0
3.62
2.97
2.47
3.5
2.77
2.28
1.89
4.0
2.19
1.80
1.49
4.5
1.77
1.46
1.21
5.0
Unequal Angles
MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 16.28
16-22

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
52.8
84.4
120
201
255
375
292
449
514
780
681
647
1.0
43.9
70.8
102
174
221
331
254
398
460
709
617
582
1.25
37.4
60.7
88.2
151
193
293
223
354
412
643
558
525
1.5
32.5
53.0
77.4
134
171
262
198
317
371
585
507
475
1.75
28.7
46.9
68.7
119
153
236
177
286
336
535
463
431
2.0
23.2
38.1
56.0
98.0
126
196
146
238
281
452
390
363
2.5
19.4
32.0
47.2
82.9
107
167
124
203
240
390
336
311
3.0
16.7
27.6
40.7
71.7
92.4
145
107
176
210
341
294
271
3.5
4.0
14.7
24.2
35.8
63.1
81.3
128
94.4
156
185
303
260
240
Span, l (m)
(kN)
11.8
19.4
28.8
50.8
65.6
103
76.2
126
150
246
212
195
5.0
9.83
16.2
24.0
42.5
54.9
86.5
63.7
106
126
207
178
164
6.0
8.43
13.9
20.6
36.5
47.2
74.4
54.8
90.8
109
179
154
141
7.0

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels
for
Table 16.31
Channels
7.38
12.2
18.1
32.0
41.3
65.3
48.0
79.6
95.3
157
135
124
8.0
6.56
10.9
16.1
28.5
36.8
58.1
42.7
70.9
84.9
140
120
110
9.0
5.91
9.77
14.5
25.6
33.1
52.4
38.5
63.9
76.5
126
108
99.6
10.0
117
166
216
323
396
535
445
628
691
988
871
846
(kN)
0.641
0.762
0.968
1.12
1.11
1.12
1.10
1.11
1.33
1.40
1.40
1.31
1.0
Cb
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

16-23
NOTES:
140
318
615
1300
2000
3370
2570
4730
6310
13600
11800
9830
1.0
89.8
203
393
829
1280
2160
1650
3020
4040
8680
7540
6290
1.25
62.3
141
273
576
888
1500
1140
2100
2800
6030
5240
4370
1.5
45.8
104
201
423
652
1100
840
1540
2060
4430
3850
3210
1.75
35.1
79.5
154
324
499
843
643
1180
1580
3390
2950
2460
2.0
22.4
50.9
98.3
207
320
539
412
756
1010
2170
1880
1570
2.5
15.6
35.4
68.3
144
222
375
286
525
701
1510
1310
1090
3.0
11.4
26.5
50.2
106
163
275
210
386
515
1110
962
802
3.5
Span, l (m)
8.77
20.6
38.7
81.0
125
211
161
295
394
848
736
614
4.0

(kN)
5.61
13.3
25.5
52.5
79.9
135
103
189
252
543
471
393
5.0
3.90
9.24
18.1
37.3
56.2
94.0
71.5
131
175
377
327
273
6.0
2.86
6.79
13.6
27.9
42.0
70.0
53.4
96.9
129
277
240
201
7.0
Channels
5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Table 16.32
2.19
5.20
10.5
21.7
32.7
53.9
41.5
75.1
99.4
212
184
154
8.0
1.73
4.11
8.43
17.4
26.2
42.6
33.2
59.7
79.5
167
145
122
9.0
1.40
3.33
6.90
14.2
21.4
34.5
27.2
48.3
65.1
136
118
99.5
10.0
[ BLANK ]
16-24

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
17
CANTILEVER BEAMS
CONTENTS
17.1
Page
SCOPE........................................................................................................... 17-1
17.2
17.3
17.3.1
17.3.2
17.3.3

General .......................................................................................................... 17-2
17.4
17.5
17.6
EXAMPLE ...................................................................................................... 17-4
TABLES
17.11
17.12
17.13
17.14

17.21
17.22
17.23
17.24
17.25
17.26
17.27
17.28
17
CANTILEVER
BEAMS
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001

CANTILEVER BEAMS
17
17.1 SCOPE
The tables in this section apply to cantilever beams with full
lateral restraint and with a uniformly distributed load.
Separate tables are provided for the strength limit state and
the serviceability limit state (deflection limit = span / 250). Tables
are provided for the following cases:

long leg down
long leg up
short leg down
short leg up


DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-1

17.3.1 General
For strength:
For serviceability:

(WL1 max ) based on the design section moment capacity (fbMs) and the combined bending and



17-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

NOTE: D is the elastic deflection
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-3
17.6 EXAMPLE
A cantilever beam 1.0 m long with full lateral restraint is required
to support the following loads:
Dead load G = 4.0 kN/m
Live load Q = 7.0 kN/m
What size DuraGal equal angle with leg up is required for a
desired deflection limit of span / 250.
Solution:
1.25G + 1.5Q = 1.25 x 4.0 + 1.5 x 7.0
= 15.5 kN/m
Strength:
WL = 15.5 x 1.0
= 15.5 kN
Design load
Serviceability:
G + 0.7Q = 4.0 + 0.7 x 7.0

= 8.9 kN/m
WS = 8.9 x 1.0
= 8.9 kN
Design load
Select an angle size:

Strength: (Table 17.13(a))
Select 125 x 125 x 6.0 CA DuraGal
Serviceability: (Table 17.14(a))

Check 125 x 125 x 6.0 CA DuraGal
WS max = 14.3 kN > WS = 8.9 kN

The 125 x 125 x 6.0 CA DuraGal is satisfactory for these strength and serviceability limit states.
beam.
17-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
[ BLANK ]
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-5
17-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
2.35
2.08
1.76
1.07
0.702
2.93
2.44
1.97
1.19
0.778
4.01
3.12
2.46
1.48
0.974
4.87
3.75
2.94
1.78
5.0
2.14
1.89
1.60
0.970
0.638
2.67
2.22
1.79
1.08
0.708
3.64
2.84
2.24
1.34
0.885
4.42
3.41
2.67
1.62
5.5
1.96
1.73
1.46
0.889
0.585
2.44
2.03
1.64
0.988
0.649
3.34
2.60
2.05
1.23
0.812
4.06
3.13
2.45
1.48
6.0
3.
1.
2.61
2.31
1.95
1.19
0.780
3.26
2.71
2.18
1.32
0.865
4.45
3.47
2.73
1.64
1.08
5.41
4.17
3.27
1.97
4.5
2.94
2.60
2.20
1.33
0.877
3.66
3.05
2.46
1.48
0.973
5.01
3.90
3.08
1.85
1.22
6.08
4.69
3.67
2.22
4.0
7.
3.36
2.97
2.51
1.52
1.00
4.19
3.48
2.81
1.69
1.11
5.72
4.45
3.51
2.11
1.39
6.95
5.36
4.20
2.54
3.5
3.92
3.47
2.93
1.78
1.17
4.89
4.06
3.28
1.98
1.30
6.68
5.20
4.10
2.46
1.62
8.11
6.25
4.90
2.96
3.0
6.
4.70
4.16
3.51
2.13
1.40
5.86
4.87
3.93
2.37
1.56
8.01
6.23
4.92
2.96
1.95
9.73
7.50
5.88
3.55
2.5
5.88
5.20
4.39
2.67
1.75
7.32
6.09
4.91
2.96
1.95
10.0
7.79
6.15
3.70
2.43
12.2
9.37
7.35
4.44
2.0
5.
7.83
6.93
5.85
3.55
2.34
9.76
8.11
6.55
3.95
2.59
13.3
10.4
8.19
4.93
3.24
16.2
12.5
9.79
5.92
1.5
4.
11.7
10.4
8.76
5.33
3.50
14.6
12.1
9.80
5.92
3.89
19.9
15.5
12.3
7.39
4.87
24.2
18.7
14.7
8.88
1.0

23.2
20.5
17.4
10.6
6.99
28.8
24.0
19.4
11.8
7.76
39.3
30.7
24.4
14.7
9.70
47.8
37.0
29.1
17.7
0.5
Span, l (m)
(kN)
2.
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 17.11(a)
1.81
1.60
1.35
0.820
0.540
2.26
1.88
1.51
0.912
0.599
3.08
2.40
1.89
1.14
0.749
3.74
2.89
2.26
1.37
6.5
1.68
1.49
1.25
0.762
0.501
2.09
1.74
1.40
0.847
0.556
2.86
2.23
1.76
1.06
0.696
3.48
2.68
2.10
1.27
7.0
1.47
1.30
1.10
0.667
0.439
1.83
1.52
1.23
0.741
0.487
2.51
1.95
1.54
0.924
0.609
3.04
2.35
1.84
1.11
8.0
136
121
118
99.0
81.0
155
137
134
111
90.8
201
177
173
142
115
247
218
212
172
(kN)
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-7
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.38
4.87
2.14
6.22
2.43
11.5
9.39
7.45
2.71
19.9
14.7
9.97
30.7
27.3
26.6
17.3
11.5
0.25
0.692
2.46
1.08
3.15
1.22
5.86
4.76
3.77
1.36
10.2
7.48
5.05
15.9
14.1
13.7
8.78
5.84
0.5
0.461
1.64
0.719
2.10
0.816
3.92
3.18
2.52
0.910
6.83
5.00
3.37
10.6
9.43
9.21
5.87
3.90
0.75
0.346
1.23
0.539
1.58
0.612
2.94
2.39
1.89
0.683
5.13
3.76
2.53
7.99
7.08
6.92
4.41
2.93
1.0
0.277
0.986
0.431
1.26
0.490
2.35
1.91
1.51
0.546
4.11
3.01
2.03
6.40
5.67
5.54
3.53
2.34
1.25
0.231
0.822
0.360
1.05
0.408
1.96
1.59
1.26
0.455
3.42
2.51
1.69
5.33
4.73
4.62
2.94
1.95
1.5
0.198
0.704
0.308
0.902
0.350
0.173
0.616
0.270
0.789
0.306
1.47
1.19
0.946
0.341
2.57
1.88
1.27
4.00
3.55
3.47
2.21
1.46
2.0
Span, l (m)
1.68
1.36
1.08
0.390
2.94
2.15
1.45
4.57
4.06
3.96
2.52
1.67
1.75
0.154
0.548
0.240
0.701
0.272
1.31
1.06
0.841
0.304
2.28
1.67
1.13
3.56
3.16
3.08
1.96
1.30
2.25
(kN)
0.139
0.493
0.216
0.631
0.245
1.18
0.956
0.757
0.273
2.06
1.51
1.01
3.20
2.84
2.78
1.77
1.17
2.5
0.115
0.411
0.180
0.526
0.204
0.982
0.796
0.631
0.228
1.71
1.25
0.844
2.67
2.37
2.31
1.47
0.976
3.0
0.352
0.154
0.451
0.175
0.842
0.683
0.541
0.195
1.47
1.08
0.724
2.29
2.03
1.98
1.26
0.837
3.5
0.308
0.135
0.395
0.153
0.737
0.597
0.473
0.171
1.29
0.941
0.633
2.00
1.78
1.74
1.10
0.732
4.0
0.274
0.120
0.351
0.136
0.655
0.531
0.421
0.152
1.14
0.836
0.563
1.78
1.58
1.54
0.981
0.651
4.5
0.247
0.108
0.316
0.123
0.589
0.478
0.379
0.137
1.03
0.753
0.507
1.60
1.42
1.39
0.883
0.586
5.0
12.1
31.7
17.0
36.6
19.4
56.0
50.3
41.6
21.8
79.3
68.6
56.3
109
96.8
94.9
80.8
66.2
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.11(b)
17-8

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
26.7
23.8
18.7
12.0
8.23
37.2
30.2
22.8
14.5
9.92
60.0
44.9
34.1
21.6
14.7
81.1
62.0
47.0
29.7
1.0
6.67
5.94
5.18
3.90
2.71
9.29
8.26
7.19
4.77
3.28
18.3
14.6
11.2
7.16
4.89
25.9
20.5
15.6
9.90
1.5
2.97
2.64
2.30
1.86
1.40
4.13
3.67
3.20
2.46
1.71
8.30
7.35
5.81
3.74
2.56
13.4
10.7
8.15
5.20
2.0
1.67
1.48
1.30
1.05
0.859
2.32
2.07
1.80
1.45
1.07
4.67
4.13
3.59
2.35
1.62
8.21
6.67
5.12
3.28
2.5
1.07
0.950
0.829
0.669
0.550
1.49
1.32
1.15
0.926
0.742
2.99
2.65
2.30
1.64
1.13
5.26
4.62
3.56
2.30
3.0
0.741
0.660
0.576
0.465
0.382
1.03
0.918
0.799
0.643
0.527
2.07
1.84
1.60
1.21
0.843
3.65
3.23
2.64
1.71
3.5
0.545
0.485
0.423
0.341
0.280
0.759
0.674
0.587
0.473
0.388
1.52
1.35
1.17
0.938
0.656
2.68
2.37
2.05
1.34
0.417
0.371
0.324
0.261
0.215
0.581
0.516
0.450
0.362
0.297
1.17
1.03
0.897
0.718
0.528
2.05
1.82
1.57
1.07
4.0
Span, l (m)
0.329
0.293
0.256
0.207
0.170
0.459
0.408
0.355
0.286
0.234
0.922
0.817
0.709
0.567
0.435
1.62
1.43
1.24
0.887
4.5

(kN)
5.0
0.267
0.238
0.207
0.167
0.137
0.372
0.330
0.288
0.232
0.190
0.747
0.662
0.574
0.460
0.366
1.31
1.16
1.01
0.747
5.5
0.221
0.196
0.171
0.138
0.114
0.307
0.273
0.238
0.191
0.157
0.617
0.547
0.475
0.380
0.311
1.09
0.960
0.832
0.638
6.0
0.185
0.165
0.144
0.116
0.0954
0.258
0.229
0.200
0.161
0.132
0.519
0.459
0.399
0.319
0.261
0.913
0.807
0.699
0.553
6.5
0.158
0.141
0.123
0.0990
0.0813
0.220
0.196
0.170
0.137
0.112
0.442
0.391
0.340
0.272
0.222
0.778
0.688
0.596
0.475
7.0
0.136
0.121
0.106
0.0854
0.0701
0.190
0.169
0.147
0.118
0.0969
0.381
0.338
0.293
0.234
0.192
0.671
0.593
0.514
0.409
8.0
0.104
0.0928
0.0809
0.0654
0.0537
0.145
0.129
0.112
0.0905
0.0742
0.292
0.258
0.224
0.180
0.147
0.513
0.454
0.393
0.314
fu = 450 MPa).
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.12(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-9
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.20
4.40
2.52
6.38
3.13
12.9
10.7
8.52
3.79
29.8
21.3
13.9
59.9
53.5
46.8
27.2
18.0
0.25
0.301
1.10
0.739
1.60
1.02
3.22
2.67
2.22
1.24
7.45
6.09
4.53
15.0
13.4
11.7
8.54
5.93
0.5
0.134
0.489
0.328
0.709
0.473
1.43
1.19
0.987
0.639
3.31
2.71
2.24
6.65
5.94
5.20
4.23
3.07
0.75
0.0752
0.275
0.185
0.399
0.266
0.805
0.668
0.555
0.368
1.86
1.52
1.26
3.74
3.34
2.93
2.38
1.91
1.0
0.0482
0.176
0.118
0.255
0.170
0.515
0.427
0.355
0.236
1.19
0.975
0.805
2.39
2.14
1.87
1.52
1.25
1.25
0.0334
0.122
0.0821
0.177
0.118
0.358
0.297
0.247
0.164
0.828
0.677
0.559
1.66
1.49
1.30
1.06
0.871
1.5
0.0246
0.0898
0.0603
0.130
0.0869
0.263
0.218
0.181
0.120
0.608
0.497
0.411
1.22
1.09
0.955
0.777
0.640
1.75
0.0188
0.0687
0.0462
0.0997
0.0665
0.201
0.167
0.139
0.0921
0.465
0.381
0.315
0.935
0.836
0.731
0.595
0.490
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.0149
0.0543
0.0365
0.0788
0.0526
0.159
0.132
0.110
0.0728
0.368
0.301
0.249
0.739
0.660
0.578
0.470
0.387
2.25

(kN)
0.0120
0.0440
0.0296
0.0638
0.0426
0.129
0.107
0.0889
0.0589
0.298
0.244
0.201
0.599
0.535
0.468
0.381
0.313
2.5
0.00836
0.0306
0.0205
0.0443
0.0296
0.0894
0.0742
0.0617
0.0409
0.207
0.169
0.140
0.416
0.371
0.325
0.264
0.218
3.0
0.00614
0.0224
0.0151
0.0326
0.0217
0.0657
0.0545
0.0453
0.0301
0.152
0.124
0.103
0.305
0.273
0.239
0.194
0.160
3.5
0.00470
0.0172
0.0115
0.0249
0.0166
0.0503
0.0417
0.0347
0.0230
0.116
0.0952
0.0786
0.234
0.209
0.183
0.149
0.122
4.0
0.0160
0.0106
0.0322
0.0267
0.0222
0.0147
0.0745
0.0609
0.0503
0.150
0.134
0.117
0.0951
0.0784
5.0
0.00372 0.00301
0.0136
0.0110
0.00912 0.00739
0.0197
0.0131
0.0397
0.0330
0.0274
0.0182
0.0919
0.0752
0.0621
0.185
0.165
0.144
0.117
0.0968
4.5
Equal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Table 17.12(b)
17-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
2.35
2.08
2.03
1.59
1.27
2.93
2.59
2.52
1.95
1.55
4.66
4.10
3.90
2.98
2.35
6.74
5.85
5.53
4.19
5.5
2.14
1.89
1.84
1.45
1.15
2.67
2.36
2.29
1.77
1.41
4.24
3.73
3.55
2.71
2.13
6.12
5.32
5.03
3.81
3.
1.
2.61
2.31
2.25
1.77
1.41
3.26
2.88
2.80
2.17
1.72
5.18
4.56
4.34
3.31
2.61
7.48
6.50
6.14
4.66
2.94
2.60
2.54
1.99
1.58
3.66
3.24
3.15
2.44
1.93
5.83
5.13
4.88
3.73
2.93
8.42
7.31
6.91
5.24
7.
3.36
2.97
2.90
2.27
1.81
4.19
3.70
3.60
2.79
2.21
6.66
5.86
5.57
4.26
3.35
9.62
8.36
7.90
5.99
3.92
3.47
3.38
2.65
2.11
4.89
4.32
4.20
3.25
2.58
7.77
6.83
6.50
4.97
3.91
11.2
9.75
9.21
6.98
6.
4.70
4.16
4.06
3.18
2.53
5.86
5.18
5.04
3.90
3.09
9.32
8.20
7.80
5.96
4.69
13.5
11.7
11.0
8.38
5.88
5.20
5.07
3.98
3.16
7.32
6.47
6.30
4.87
3.86
11.6
10.2
9.74
7.45
5.86
16.8
14.6
13.8
10.5
5.
7.83
6.93
6.75
5.30
4.22
9.76
8.62
8.39
6.49
5.15
15.5
13.6
13.0
9.92
7.81
22.4
19.4
18.4
13.9
4.
11.7
10.4
10.1
7.93
6.31
14.6
12.9
12.6
9.72
7.70
23.2
20.4
19.4
14.8
11.7
33.4
29.0
27.4
20.8

23.2
20.5
20.0
15.7
12.5
28.8
25.5
24.8
19.2
15.2
45.4
40.0
38.1
29.2
23.0
65.0
56.5
53.5
40.7
Span, l (m)
(kN)
2.
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation
for
Table 17.13(a)
6.0
1.96
1.73
1.69
1.33
1.06
2.44
2.16
2.10
1.63
1.29
3.89
3.42
3.25
2.48
1.96
5.61
4.88
4.61
3.49
6.5
1.81
1.60
1.56
1.22
0.974
2.26
1.99
1.94
1.50
1.19
3.59
3.15
3.00
2.29
1.81
5.18
4.50
4.25
3.23
7.0
1.68
1.49
1.45
1.14
0.905
2.09
1.85
1.80
1.39
1.10
3.33
2.93
2.79
2.13
1.68
4.81
4.18
3.95
2.99
8.0
fu = 450 MPa).
1.47
1.30
1.27
0.995
0.792
1.83
1.62
1.58
1.22
0.966
2.91
2.56
2.44
1.86
1.47
4.21
3.66
3.46
2.62
136
121
118
99.0
81.0
155
137
134
111
90.8
201
177
173
142
115
247
218
212
172
(kN)
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-11
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.38
4.87
2.49
6.22
3.16
11.5
9.39
7.73
3.87
19.9
16.1
13.1
30.7
27.3
26.6
21.4
17.2
0.25
0.692
2.46
1.26
3.15
1.60
5.86
4.76
3.92
1.96
10.2
8.21
6.70
15.9
14.1
13.7
11.0
8.85
0.5
0.461
1.64
0.838
2.10
1.07
3.92
3.18
2.62
1.31
6.83
5.49
4.48
10.6
9.43
9.21
7.38
5.93
0.75
0.346
1.23
0.629
1.58
0.800
2.94
2.39
1.96
0.983
5.13
4.13
3.37
7.99
7.08
6.92
5.55
4.45
1.0
0.277
0.986
0.503
1.26
0.640
2.35
1.91
1.57
0.787
4.11
3.30
2.70
6.40
5.67
5.54
4.44
3.57
1.25
0.231
0.822
0.419
1.05
0.534
1.96
1.59
1.31
0.656
3.42
2.75
2.25
5.33
4.73
4.62
3.70
2.97
1.5
0.198
0.704
0.360
0.902
0.457
0.173
0.616
0.315
0.789
0.400
1.47
1.19
0.983
0.492
2.57
2.07
1.69
4.00
3.55
3.47
2.78
2.23
2.0
Span, l (m)
1.68
1.36
1.12
0.562
2.94
2.36
1.93
4.57
4.06
3.96
3.17
2.55
1.75
0.154
0.548
0.280
0.701
0.356
1.31
1.06
0.874
0.437
2.28
1.84
1.50
3.56
3.16
3.08
2.47
1.98
2.25
(kN)
0.139
0.493
0.252
0.631
0.320
1.18
0.956
0.787
0.394
2.06
1.65
1.35
3.20
2.84
2.78
2.22
1.78
2.5
0.115
0.411
0.210
0.526
0.267
0.982
0.796
0.656
0.328
1.71
1.38
1.12
2.67
2.37
2.31
1.85
1.49
3.0
0.352
0.180
0.451
0.229
0.842
0.683
0.562
0.281
1.47
1.18
0.964
2.29
2.03
1.98
1.59
1.27
3.5
0.308
0.157
0.395
0.200
0.737
0.597
0.492
0.246
1.29
1.03
0.843
2.00
1.78
1.74
1.39
1.12
4.0
0.274
0.140
0.351
0.178
0.655
0.531
0.437
0.219
1.14
0.918
0.750
1.78
1.58
1.54
1.24
0.992
4.5
0.247
0.126
0.316
0.160
0.589
0.478
0.393
0.197
1.03
0.827
0.675
1.60
1.42
1.39
1.11
0.893
5.0
12.1
31.7
17.0
36.6
19.4
56.0
50.3
41.6
21.8
79.3
68.6
56.3
109
96.8
94.9
80.8
66.2
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Equal Angles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.13(b)
17-12

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
26.7
23.8
20.7
16.3
12.7
37.2
33.0
28.7
21.7
16.8
73.6
63.4
53.0
39.1
29.9
121
103
85.7
62.4
1.0
6.67
5.94
5.18
4.18
3.43
9.29
8.26
7.19
5.79
4.58
18.7
16.5
14.3
10.8
8.29
32.7
28.2
23.5
17.4
1.5
2.97
2.64
2.30
1.86
1.53
4.13
3.67
3.20
2.57
2.11
8.30
7.35
6.38
5.01
3.89
14.6
12.9
11.0
8.18
2.0
1.67
1.48
1.30
1.05
0.859
2.32
2.07
1.80
1.45
1.19
4.67
4.13
3.59
2.87
2.27
8.21
7.26
6.29
4.77
2.5
1.07
0.950
0.829
0.669
0.550
1.49
1.32
1.15
0.926
0.760
2.99
2.65
2.30
1.84
1.49
5.26
4.65
4.03
3.13
3.0
0.741
0.660
0.576
0.465
0.382
1.03
0.918
0.799
0.643
0.527
2.07
1.84
1.60
1.28
1.04
3.65
3.23
2.80
2.21
3.5
0.545
0.485
0.423
0.341
0.280
0.759
0.674
0.587
0.473
0.388
1.52
1.35
1.17
0.938
0.767
2.68
2.37
2.05
1.64
0.417
0.371
0.324
0.261
0.215
0.581
0.516
0.450
0.362
0.297
1.17
1.03
0.897
0.718
0.587
2.05
1.82
1.57
1.25
4.0
Span, l (m)
0.329
0.293
0.256
0.207
0.170
0.459
0.408
0.355
0.286
0.234
0.922
0.817
0.709
0.567
0.464
1.62
1.43
1.24
0.991
4.5

(kN)
5.0
0.267
0.238
0.207
0.167
0.137
0.372
0.330
0.288
0.232
0.190
0.747
0.662
0.574
0.460
0.376
1.31
1.16
1.01
0.803
5.5
0.221
0.196
0.171
0.138
0.114
0.307
0.273
0.238
0.191
0.157
0.617
0.547
0.475
0.380
0.311
1.09
0.960
0.832
0.663
6.0
0.185
0.165
0.144
0.116
0.0954
0.258
0.229
0.200
0.161
0.132
0.519
0.459
0.399
0.319
0.261
0.913
0.807
0.699
0.557
6.5
0.158
0.141
0.123
0.0990
0.0813
0.220
0.196
0.170
0.137
0.112
0.442
0.391
0.340
0.272
0.222
0.778
0.688
0.596
0.475
7.0
0.136
0.121
0.106
0.0854
0.0701
0.190
0.169
0.147
0.118
0.0969
0.381
0.338
0.293
0.234
0.192
0.671
0.593
0.514
0.409
8.0
0.104
0.0928
0.0809
0.0654
0.0537
0.145
0.129
0.112
0.0905
0.0742
0.292
0.258
0.224
0.180
0.147
0.513
0.454
0.393
0.314
fu = 450 MPa).
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.14(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-13
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
1.20
4.40
2.96
6.38
4.17
12.9
10.7
8.89
5.56
29.8
24.4
19.4
59.9
53.5
46.8
36.6
28.6
0.25
0.301
1.10
0.739
1.60
1.06
3.22
2.67
2.22
1.47
7.45
6.09
5.03
15.0
13.4
11.7
9.51
7.73
0.5
0.134
0.489
0.328
0.709
0.473
1.43
1.19
0.987
0.655
3.31
2.71
2.24
6.65
5.94
5.20
4.23
3.48
0.75
0.0752
0.275
0.185
0.399
0.266
0.805
0.668
0.555
0.368
1.86
1.52
1.26
3.74
3.34
2.93
2.38
1.96
1.0
0.0482
0.176
0.118
0.255
0.170
0.515
0.427
0.355
0.236
1.19
0.975
0.805
2.39
2.14
1.87
1.52
1.25
1.25
0.0334
0.122
0.0821
0.177
0.118
0.358
0.297
0.247
0.164
0.828
0.677
0.559
1.66
1.49
1.30
1.06
0.871
1.5
0.0246
0.0898
0.0603
0.130
0.0869
0.263
0.218
0.181
0.120
0.608
0.497
0.411
1.22
1.09
0.955
0.777
0.640
1.75
0.0188
0.0687
0.0462
0.0997
0.0665
0.201
0.167
0.139
0.0921
0.465
0.381
0.315
0.935
0.836
0.731
0.595
0.490
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.0149
0.0543
0.0365
0.0788
0.0526
0.159
0.132
0.110
0.0728
0.368
0.301
0.249
0.739
0.660
0.578
0.470
0.387
2.25

(kN)
0.0120
0.0440
0.0296
0.0638
0.0426
0.129
0.107
0.0889
0.0589
0.298
0.244
0.201
0.599
0.535
0.468
0.381
0.313
2.5
0.00836
0.0306
0.0205
0.0443
0.0296
0.0894
0.0742
0.0617
0.0409
0.207
0.169
0.140
0.416
0.371
0.325
0.264
0.218
3.0
0.00614
0.0224
0.0151
0.0326
0.0217
0.0657
0.0545
0.0453
0.0301
0.152
0.124
0.103
0.305
0.273
0.239
0.194
0.160
3.5
0.00470
0.0172
0.0115
0.0249
0.0166
0.0503
0.0417
0.0347
0.0230
0.116
0.0952
0.0786
0.234
0.209
0.183
0.149
0.122
4.0
0.0160
0.0106
0.0322
0.0267
0.0222
0.0147
0.0745
0.0609
0.0503
0.150
0.134
0.117
0.0951
0.0784
5.0
0.00372 0.00301
0.0136
0.0110
0.00912 0.00739
0.0197
0.0131
0.0397
0.0330
0.0274
0.0182
0.0919
0.0752
0.0621
0.185
0.165
0.144
0.117
0.0968
4.5
Equal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thickness
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation

Table 17.14(b)
17-14

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
24.9
16.8
11.4
0.25
12.8
8.52
5.79
0.5
8.58
5.70
3.87
0.75
6.45
4.28
2.90
1.0
5.16
3.42
2.32
1.25
4.30
2.85
1.94
1.5
3.69
2.45
1.66
1.75
3.23
2.14
1.45
2.0
Span, l (m)
2.87
1.90
1.29
2.25
(kN)
2.58
1.71
1.16
2.5
2.15
1.43
0.968
3.0
1.85
1.22
0.830
3.5
1.62
1.07
0.726
4.0
1.44
0.951
0.646
4.5
1.29
0.856
0.581
5.0
94.9
80.8
66.2
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.21
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-15
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
40.3
24.9
16.8
0.25
10.1
7.75
5.45
0.5
4.47
3.67
2.79
0.75
2.52
2.06
1.70
1.0
1.61
1.32
1.09
1.25
1.12
0.917
0.757
1.5
0.822
0.674
0.556
1.75
0.629
0.516
0.426
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.497
0.408
0.337
2.25

(kN)
0.403
0.330
0.273
2.5
0.280
0.229
0.189
3.0
0.205
0.169
0.139
3.5
0.157
0.129
0.106
4.0
0.124
0.102
0.0841
4.5
0.101
0.0826
0.0681
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.22
17-16

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
24.9
20.2
16.5
0.25
12.8
10.3
8.46
0.5
8.58
6.91
5.66
0.75
6.45
5.19
4.25
1.0
5.16
4.16
3.41
1.25
4.30
3.47
2.84
1.5
3.69
2.97
2.43
1.75
3.23
2.60
2.13
2.0
Span, l (m)
2.87
2.31
1.89
2.25
(kN)
2.58
2.08
1.70
2.5
2.15
1.73
1.42
3.0
1.85
1.49
1.22
3.5
1.62
1.30
1.07
4.0
1.44
1.16
0.947
4.5
1.29
1.04
0.853
5.0
94.9
80.8
66.2
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.23
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-17
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
40.3
33.0
27.0
0.25
10.1
8.26
6.81
0.5
4.47
3.67
3.03
0.75
2.52
2.06
1.70
1.0
1.61
1.32
1.09
1.25
1.12
0.917
0.757
1.5
0.822
0.674
0.556
1.75
0.629
0.516
0.426
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.497
0.408
0.337
2.25

(kN)
0.403
0.330
0.273
2.5
0.280
0.229
0.189
3.0
0.205
0.169
0.139
3.5
0.157
0.129
0.106
4.0
0.124
0.102
0.0841
4.5
0.101
0.0826
0.0681
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.24
17-18

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
12.2
9.91
7.73
0.25
6.23
5.03
3.92
0.5
4.17
3.36
2.62
0.75
3.13
2.52
1.97
1.0
2.51
2.02
1.57
1.25
2.09
1.68
1.31
1.5
1.79
1.44
1.12
1.75
1.57
1.26
0.984
2.0
Span, l (m)
1.39
1.12
0.874
2.25
(kN)
1.25
1.01
0.787
2.5
1.04
0.842
0.656
3.0
0.896
0.722
0.562
3.5
0.784
0.632
0.492
4.0
0.697
0.562
0.437
4.5
0.627
0.505
0.394
5.0
56.0
50.3
41.6
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.25
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-19
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
14.8
12.1
9.31
0.25
3.69
3.03
2.52
0.5
1.64
1.35
1.12
0.75
0.924
0.758
0.629
1.0
0.591
0.485
0.403
1.25
0.410
0.337
0.280
1.5
0.302
0.248
0.206
1.75
0.231
0.190
0.157
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.182
0.150
0.124
2.25

(kN)
0.148
0.121
0.101
2.5
0.103
0.0843
0.0699
3.0
0.0754
0.0619
0.0514
3.5
0.0577
0.0474
0.0393
4.0
0.0456
0.0375
0.0311
4.5
0.0369
0.0303
0.0252
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.26
17-20

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
12.2
9.91
8.09
0.25
6.23
5.03
4.11
0.5
4.17
3.36
2.74
0.75
3.13
2.52
2.06
1.0
2.51
2.02
1.65
1.25
2.09
1.68
1.37
1.5
1.79
1.44
1.18
1.75
1.57
1.26
1.03
2.0
Span, l (m)
1.39
1.12
0.917
2.25
(kN)
1.25
1.01
0.825
2.5
1.04
0.842
0.688
3.0
0.896
0.722
0.589
3.5
0.784
0.632
0.516
4.0
0.697
0.562
0.458
4.5
0.627
0.505
0.413
5.0
56.0
50.3
41.6
(kN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
*
*
*
(m)
FLR

fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
for
Table 17.27
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-21
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thickness
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
14.8
12.1
9.84
0.25
3.69
3.03
2.52
0.5
1.64
1.35
1.12
0.75
0.924
0.758
0.629
1.0
0.591
0.485
0.403
1.25
0.410
0.337
0.280
1.5
0.302
0.248
0.206
1.75
0.231
0.190
0.157
2.0
Span, l (m)
0.182
0.150
0.124
2.25

(kN)
0.148
0.121
0.101
2.5
0.103
0.0843
0.0699
3.0
0.0754
0.0619
0.0514
3.5
0.0577
0.0474
0.0393
4.0
0.0456
0.0375
0.0311
4.5
0.0369
0.0303
0.0252
5.0
Unequal Angles
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation

Table 17.28
17-22

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.72
16.0
23.6
41.4
53.4
83.3
61.9
101
120
195
168
155
1.0
7.82
12.9
19.0
33.6
43.3
67.9
50.2
82.6
98.4
160
138
128
1.25
6.53
10.8
15.9
28.1
36.3
57.1
42.2
69.6
83.0
136
117
108
1.5
5.61
9.26
13.7
24.2
31.3
49.3
36.3
60.0
71.7
118
101
93.2
1.75
4.91
8.12
12.0
21.2
27.4
43.3
31.9
52.8
63.1
104
89.1
82.0
2.0
3.94
6.51
9.63
17.1
22.0
34.8
25.6
42.4
50.8
83.6
71.8
66.0
2.5
3.28
5.43
8.04
14.2
18.4
29.1
21.4
35.4
42.4
69.9
60.1
55.2
3.0
2.81
4.65
6.89
12.2
15.8
24.9
18.3
30.4
36.4
60.1
51.6
47.5
3.5
Span, l (m)
4.0
2.46
4.07
6.03
10.7
13.8
21.9
16.1
26.7
31.9
52.7
45.2
41.6
(kN)
1.97
3.26
4.83
8.56
11.1
17.5
12.9
21.4
25.6
42.2
36.3
33.3
5.0
1.64
2.72
4.03
7.14
9.22
14.6
10.7
17.8
21.3
35.2
30.3
27.8
6.0
1.41
2.33
3.45
6.12
7.91
12.5
9.19
15.3
18.3
30.2
25.9
23.8
7.0

4.25
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
5.59
11.6
10.5
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
7.23
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels
for
Table 17.31
Channels
1.23
2.04
3.02
5.36
6.92
11.0
8.05
13.4
16.0
26.5
22.7
20.9
8.0
1.10
1.81
2.69
4.76
6.15
9.74
7.15
11.9
14.2
23.5
20.2
18.6
9.0
0.986
1.63
2.42
4.29
5.54
8.76
6.44
10.7
12.8
21.2
18.2
16.7
10.0
58.5
83.1
108
162
198
267
222
314
345
494
435
423
(kN)
0.641
0.762
0.968
1.12
1.11
1.12
1.10
1.11
1.33
1.40
1.40
1.31
1.0
Cb
(m)
FLR
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

17-23
NOTES:
2.92
6.93
14.0
28.9
43.6
71.9
55.4
100
133
283
245
205
1.0
1.87
4.43
9.20
19.0
28.6
46.0
36.3
64.4
86.8
181
157
133
1.25
1.30
3.08
6.41
13.3
20.2
32.0
25.7
44.8
61.4
126
111
93.7
1.5
0.954
2.26
4.71
9.76
15.0
23.5
19.1
32.9
45.7
92.3
81.8
69.8
1.75
0.730
1.73
3.61
7.47
11.5
18.0
14.7
25.2
35.1
70.7
62.7
54.1
2.0
0.468
1.11
2.31
4.78
7.33
11.5
9.41
16.1
22.5
45.2
40.1
34.8
2.5
0.325
0.770
1.60
3.32
5.09
7.99
6.53
11.2
15.6
31.4
27.9
24.2
3.0
0.239
0.566
1.18
2.44
3.74
5.87
4.80
8.22
11.5
23.1
20.5
17.8
3.5
Span, l (m)
0.183
0.433
0.901
1.87
2.86
4.49
3.67
6.29
8.78
17.7
15.7
13.6
4.0

(kN)
0.117
0.277
0.577
1.20
1.83
2.88
2.35
4.03
5.62
11.3
10.0
8.71
5.0
0.0812
0.192
0.401
0.830
1.27
2.00
1.63
2.80
3.90
7.85
6.96
6.05
6.0
0.0596
0.141
0.294
0.610
0.935
1.47
1.20
2.06
2.87
5.77
5.12
4.44
7.0
Channels
5.59
4.25
10.5
150 x 75 x 5.0 CC
75 x 40 x 4.0 CC
11.6
180 x 75 x 5.0 CC
100 x 50 x 4.0 CC
15.5
12.4
200 x 75 x 6.0 CC
5.0 CC
7.23
16.9
230 x 75 x 6.0 CC
125 x 65 x 4.0 CC
19.2
kg/m
250 x 90 x 6.0 CC
mm
28.5
25.1
21.6
mm
mm
Nominal
Thickness
Mass
per
metre
300 x 90 x 8.0 CC
7.0 CC
6.0 CC
bf
Designation
DuraGal Channels

Table 17.32
0.0457
0.108
0.225
0.467
0.716
1.12
0.918
1.57
2.19
4.42
3.92
3.40
8.0
0.0361
0.0855
0.178
0.369
0.566
0.888
0.726
1.24
1.73
3.49
3.09
2.69
9.0
0.0292
0.0693
0.144
0.299
0.458
0.719
0.588
1.01
1.40
2.83
2.51
2.18
10.0
[ BLANK ]
17-24

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
18
TRUSS WEB MEMBERS

CONTENTS
Page
18.1
SCOPE ........................................................................................................... 18-1
18.2
DESIGN METHOD ......................................................................................... 18-1
TABLES
Axial Compression Force (Nc*max)
18.11 Equal Angles with One Leg Connected
- SAME side of the Truss Chord ..................................................................... 18-2
18.12 Equal Angles with One Leg Connected
- OPPOSITE sides of the Truss Chord ........................................................... 18-4

18
DCT DP/01
JULY 2001
TRUSS WEB
MEMBERS
18.21 Unequal Angles with Long Leg Connected

18.22 Unequal Angles with Short Leg Connected
18.23 Unequal Angles with Long Leg Connected
18.24 Unequal Angles with Short Leg Connected
TRUSS WEB MEMBERS
18
18.1 SCOPE
Tables are provided in this section for eccentrically loaded single angles under compression
used as web members in trusses. The angles are assumed to be bolted or welded to one leg
only. Tables in Section 12 may be used for angles in tension connected to one leg only.
Tables are provided for angles connected on the same side of the truss chord, and connected
on opposite sides of the chord as shown in figure 18.1(1). For angles connected on opposite
sides of the truss chord, the thickness of the gusset plate or element of the chord to which the
angle web members are connected is assumed to be 10 mm.
Figure 18.1(1) Single angles as truss web members
18.2 DESIGN METHOD

A value of maximum design axial compression force (N c max ) is obtained from tables 18.11 to
18.24 depending upon the effective length and end connection arrangement as shown in
figure 18.1(1). For unequal angles the option of short or long leg connected is also included.
The maximum design axial compression force (N c max ) for angle web members connected to
the same side of the chord is independent of the thickness of the gusset plate or truss chord.
The value given in the tables for angles connected on the opposite side of the chord assume a
gusset plate / chord thickness of 10 mm. If the actual thickness of the gusset plate or chord is
less than 10 mm, the value in the table can be conservatively used. Alternatively, the design
procedure for angles as compression web members in trusses outlined in Appendix A8 may be
used.
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

18-1
18-2

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
CA
CA
CA
CA
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
0.5
0.75
454
374
319
203
139
481
390
329
207
141
521
417
345
214
145
547
434
355
219
123
106
92.6
60.0
37.7
136
114
96.1
59.3
36.3
155
124
97.6
55.2
32.6
164
126
92.8
50.6
121
104
91.2
59.4
37.5
134
112
95.2
58.9
36.2
154
123
97.2
55.1
32.6
163
125
92.6
50.6
118
102
89.0
58.4
37.0
131
110
93.6
58.2
35.8
152
122
96.4
54.9
32.4
162
125
92.3
50.5
112
97.7
85.9
56.8
36.2
127
107
91.2
57.1
35.3
150
121
95.3
54.3
32.2
161
124
91.8
50.2
1.0
102
90.5
81.7
54.8
35.3
121
103
88.0
55.6
34.7
147
119
93.6
53.7
31.9
159
123
90.9
49.8
1.25
90.9
80.7
74.1
52.4
34.2
111
96.9
84.2
54.0
33.9
143
116
91.7
52.9
31.5
157
121
89.9
49.4
1.5
79.5
70.6
64.0
49.4
32.9
99.1
87.1
78.2
52.1
33.1
139
113
89.4
52.1
31.1
154
119
88.7
48.9
1.75
68.5
60.9
54.9
43.7
31.5
87.5
77.2
69.5
50.0
32.1
132
109
86.9
51.1
30.7
151
117
87.4
48.4
2.0
59.3
52.7
47.4
38.4
29.3
76.5
67.6
60.6
46.5
31.1
123
104
84.2
50.1
30.2
147
115
86.0
47.9
2.25
2.5
51.7
46.0
41.3
33.5
26.3
67.3
59.5
53.2
41.9
30.0
112
96.4
81.2
49.0
29.7
143
112
84.5
47.3
Web Member Unbraced Length, l (m)
0.25
cNs
kN
DESIGN AXIAL COMPRESSION FORCE

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
40.2
35.7
31.9
26.0
20.7
52.9
46.8
41.7
33.5
25.7
90.7
79.4
69.6
46.4
28.5
131
106
81.0
46.0
3.0
31.9
28.4
25.3
20.6
16.5
42.5
37.6
33.4
26.8
21.3
74.6
65.4
57.8
42.8
27.2
113
96.0
77.1
44.4
3.5
25.9
23.1
20.5
16.7
13.4
34.7
30.8
27.2
21.9
17.4
62.2
54.6
48.0
36.9
25.8
96.2
83.8
70.6
42.7
4.0
1. The web member unbraced length exceeds 200ry for values to the right of the solid line.
2. Values are not listed when the effective length exceeds 300ry.
fu = 450 MPa).
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
kg/m
Thick.
Mass
per
metre
mm
b2
mm
b1
mm
Nominal
Designation
One Leg Connected same side of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.11(a)
Equal Angles
21.4
19.1
16.9
13.8
11.1
28.9
25.6
22.6
18.2
14.5
52.5
46.1
40.4
31.7
23.5
82.5
71.9
62.0
40.9
4.5
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

18-3
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
0.5
0.75
39.2
107
43.8
116
45.2
205
166
121
46.3
274
186
131
372
329
299
194
135
10.4
28.1
12.9
31.7
13.5
53.6
44.5
34.5
13.7
72.3
54.7
38.6
101
88.7
83.1
58.1
39.2
8.48
24.4
12.2
29.4
12.9
48.3
41.7
32.6
13.4
69.7
53.1
37.8
98.8
86.5
81.0
57.0
38.7
5.74
18.1
10.6
23.3
12.0
39.4
34.5
28.3
12.7
63.9
50.5
36.2
93.0
82.9
77.5
55.2
37.6
3.94
12.8
7.92
17.1
10.2
30.0
26.5
21.9
11.8
54.3
45.3
34.0
83.4
74.4
70.7
52.5
36.2
1.0
2.84
9.42
5.97
12.8
7.87
22.8
20.2
16.7
9.89
44.2
37.4
29.9
72.7
64.9
60.7
48.5
34.4
1.25
2.13
7.18
4.62
9.90
6.19
17.8
15.8
13.1
7.94
35.7
30.3
24.5
61.6
55.0
50.5
41.6
32.1
1.5
5.63
3.67
7.84
4.97
14.2
12.6
10.4
6.44
29.2
24.8
20.2
51.5
46.0
42.0
34.8
27.8
1.75
4.52
2.97
6.34
4.06
11.5
10.3
8.50
5.31
24.2
20.7
16.8
43.5
38.9
35.3
29.3
23.6
2.0
2.45
5.22
3.37
9.55
8.49
7.04
4.44
20.4
17.4
14.2
37.2
33.2
30.0
25.0
20.2
2.25
2.5
4.37
2.84
8.03
7.14
5.92
3.76
17.4
14.8
12.1
32.0
28.6
25.8
21.5
17.4
0.25
cN s
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
13.0
11.1
9.06
24.4
21.8
19.5
16.3
13.2
3.0
10.0
8.58
7.02
19.1
17.1
15.2
12.8
10.3
3.5
15.3
13.7
12.2
10.2
8.30
4.0
Equal Angles
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thick.
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation
One Leg Connected same side of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.11(b)
18-4

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
0.25
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
90 x 90 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
10.5
9.24
7.97
6.37
5.18
11.7
10.3
8.92
7.11
5.78
14.9
13.1
11.3
8.95
7.27
454
374
319
203
139
481
390
329
207
141
521
417
345
214
145
56.5
50.2
46.3
33.1
23.0
64.9
56.0
50.5
34.7
23.5
80.8
67.5
57.6
36.6
23.6
92.1
74.7
60.5
36.6
0.5
56.0
49.7
45.9
32.8
22.9
64.4
55.6
50.2
34.5
23.4
80.4
67.2
57.4
36.5
23.6
91.9
74.5
60.3
36.6
0.75
55.1
48.9
45.1
32.4
22.5
63.6
55.0
49.6
34.2
23.2
79.8
66.8
57.1
36.4
23.4
91.5
74.3
60.2
36.5
1.0
53.6
47.9
44.1
31.6
22.0
62.4
54.1
48.7
33.6
22.7
79.0
66.2
56.5
35.9
23.1
90.9
73.9
59.8
36.2
50.9
45.8
42.6
30.7
21.5
60.7
52.9
47.4
32.8
22.3
78.0
65.4
55.6
35.4
22.8
90.2
73.3
59.1
35.8
1.25
1.5
47.7
42.8
40.1
29.7
20.8
57.5
50.8
46.0
31.9
21.8
76.6
64.1
54.5
34.8
22.5
89.2
72.4
58.4
35.4
1.75
43.9
39.4
36.6
28.4
20.1
53.8
47.6
43.7
31.0
21.2
74.9
62.8
53.3
34.2
22.1
87.9
71.3
57.6
35.0
2.0
39.9
35.8
33.0
26.1
19.4
49.8
44.1
40.5
29.9
20.6
72.6
61.3
52.1
33.5
21.7
86.4
70.2
56.7
34.5
2.25
36.2
32.4
29.8
23.9
18.3
45.5
40.4
36.9
28.4
19.9
69.2
59.5
50.7
32.8
21.3
84.8
69.0
55.8
34.0
2.5
32.9
29.4
27.0
21.6
16.8
41.7
37.0
33.7
26.3
19.2
65.0
56.4
49.2
32.0
20.8
83.1
67.7
54.7
33.5
3.0
27.3
24.4
22.2
17.8
14.0
35.0
31.1
28.1
22.2
16.9
56.5
49.4
44.0
30.4
19.7
78.1
64.8
52.5
32.3
3.5
22.8
20.4
18.4
14.8
11.6
29.6
26.4
23.7
18.7
14.5
49.1
43.0
38.3
28.2
18.7
70.6
60.1
50.1
30.9
4.0
19.3
17.2
15.5
12.5
9.81
25.3
22.5
20.1
15.9
12.3
42.8
37.5
33.2
25.0
17.6
62.8
54.4
46.6
29.5
4.5
16.5
14.7
13.1
10.6
8.37
21.7
19.3
17.2
13.6
10.6
37.5
32.9
28.9
22.1
16.2
55.9
48.5
42.0
28.1
fu = 450 MPa).
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
100 x 100 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
NOTES:
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
125 x 125 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
547
434
355
219
kN
18.0
15.8
13.6
10.8
kg/m
mm
CA
CA
CA
CA
mm
mm
cNs
Nominal
Thick.
150 x 150 x 8.0

7.0
6.0
5.0
b2
b1

N c* max (kN)
Mass
per
metre
Design
Section
Capacity
Designation
One Leg Connected opposite sides of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.12(a)
Equal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

18-5
Nominal
4.21
3.42
2.79
1.81
2.50
1.62
2.20
1.43
1.06
CA
CA
CA
CA
50 x 50 x 6.0
5.0
4.0
2.5
45 x 45 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
40 x 40 x 4.0 CA
2.5 CA
30 x 30 x 2.5 CA
0.5
0.75
39.2
107
43.8
116
45.2
205
166
121
46.3
274
186
131
372
329
299
194
135
3.92
11.1
5.62
13.2
6.29
21.0
18.4
15.1
6.85
31.6
25.5
19.4
43.6
39.3
38.4
29.1
21.4
3.56
10.4
5.43
12.7
6.13
20.1
17.9
14.6
6.72
30.9
25.0
19.1
43.0
38.7
37.8
28.7
21.2
2.88
8.85
5.01
11.2
5.83
18.2
16.2
13.5
6.45
29.6
24.3
18.5
41.7
37.8
36.9
28.1
20.7
2.27
7.17
4.23
9.34
5.27
15.6
13.9
11.6
6.11
27.1
22.8
17.7
39.4
35.8
35.0
27.2
20.0
1.0
1.80
5.82
3.52
7.71
4.48
13.1
11.7
9.78
5.46
23.9
20.3
16.3
36.6
33.2
32.0
25.7
19.2
1.25
1.45
4.77
2.94
6.41
3.80
11.1
9.87
8.24
4.72
20.8
17.7
14.3
33.2
30.0
28.5
23.4
18.3
1.5
3.96
2.47
5.37
3.24
9.39
8.37
6.98
4.07
18.2
15.5
12.5
29.7
26.8
25.2
20.8
16.5
1.75
3.32
2.10
4.54
2.77
8.02
7.15
5.95
3.52
15.9
13.5
11.0
26.5
23.9
22.3
18.4
14.8
2.0
1.79
3.88
2.39
6.91
6.16
5.12
3.06
13.9
11.9
9.64
23.7
21.3
19.8
16.4
13.1
2.25
2.5
3.34
2.08
6.00
5.34
4.43
2.68
12.3
10.5
8.51
21.3
19.1
17.7
14.6
11.7
0.25
cN s
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
9.72
8.30
6.72
17.3
15.5
14.2
11.8
9.42
3.0
7.83
6.67
5.42
14.2
12.7
11.6
9.63
7.69
3.5
11.8
10.6
9.56
7.97
6.39
4.0
Equal Angles
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
5.62
4.52
3.69
65 x 65 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
NOTES:
8.59
7.59
6.56
5.26
4.29
CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
75 x 75 x 8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Thick.
kg/m
b2
Mass
per
metre
mm mm mm
b1
Designation
One Leg Connected opposite sides of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.12(b)
18-6

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
mm
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
0.75
252
180
128
72.0
53.0
37.6
66.4
49.9
35.8
56.6
44.4
32.6
45.1
36.9
27.9
1.0
35.0
29.1
23.1
1.25
27.7
23.3
18.7
1.5
22.4
18.9
15.3
1.75
18.3
15.5
12.6
2.0
15.3
13.0
10.6
2.25
2.5
12.9
11.0
9.00
0.25
cNs
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
3.0
9.56
8.16
6.69
3.5
4.0
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Nominal
Designation
Long Leg Connected same side of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.21
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

18-7
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
0.75
252
180
128
52.6
40.7
30.2
49.9
39.0
29.1
44.5
35.8
27.1
37.2
31.0
23.9
1.0
30.1
25.3
20.4
1.25
24.5
20.8
16.9
1.5
20.2
17.2
14.1
1.75
16.9
14.4
11.7
2.0
14.3
12.1
9.87
2.25
2.5
12.1
10.3
8.40
0.25
cNs
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
9.05
7.69
6.27
3.0
3.5
4.0
Unequal Angles
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation
Short Leg Connected same side of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.22
18-8

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001
mm
mm
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
0.75
252
180
128
27.2
21.9
16.9
26.2
21.2
16.4
24.2
19.9
15.5
21.5
18.0
14.2
1.0
18.5
15.6
12.6
1.25
15.9
13.5
11.0
1.5
13.7
11.7
9.51
1.75
11.9
10.2
8.28
2.0
10.4
8.87
7.24
2.25
0.25
cNs
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
9.12
7.79
6.37
2.5
7.14
6.11
5.01
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Nominal
Designation
Long Leg Connected opposite sides of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.23
Unequal Angles
DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

18-9
mm
mm
Nominal
mm
Thick.
NOTES:
5.38
4.34
3.54
kg/m
Mass
per
metre
0.5
0.75
252
180
128
23.5
19.4
15.3
22.9
18.9
15.0
21.6
18.0
14.4
19.6
16.6
13.3
1.0
17.3
14.7
12.0
1.25
15.1
12.9
10.6
1.5
13.2
11.3
9.34
1.75
11.6
9.93
8.10
2.0
10.2
8.66
7.05
2.25
2.5
8.93
7.58
6.15
0.25
cNs
kN

N c* max (kN)
Design
Section
Capacity
6.99
5.91
4.78
3.0
3.5
4.0
Unequal Angles
4.5
fu = 450 MPa).
75 x 50 x 6.0 CA
5.0 CA
4.0 CA
b2
b1
Designation
Short Leg Connected opposite sides of truss chord
TRUSS WEB MEMBER

LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Table 18.24
[ BLANK ]
18-10

DCT DP/01/REV 3
JULY 2001

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DuraGal

ANALYSIS & DESIGN

FIRE ENGINEERING DATA

WEB BEARING CAPACITY

COMBINED BENDING & SHEAR

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

effective area of a cross-section

full area of a cross-section

net area of a cross-section

flat width of element excluding radii

total width (including radii) of a channel compression flange

effective width of a plate element (strength calculations)

effective width of a plate element (deflection calculations)

effective width of the flat portion of the longer leg of an angle

effective width of the flat portion of the shorter leg of an angle

effective width of a stiffened element with stress gradient

total flange width (including corner radius) of a channel

flat width of the longer leg of an angle

flat width of the shorter leg of an angle

total width (including radius) of a channel tension flange

longer leg length of an angle, or

shorter leg length of an angle

bending coefficient dependent on moment

coefficient for unequal end moment

overall depth of a channel

effective width of a stiffened element with stress gradient

Youngs modulus of elasticity

the maximum segment length for full lateral restraint

elastic flexural, torsional and flexural-torsional buckling stress

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

minimum tensile strength used in design

minimum yield stress used in design

shear modulus of elasticity (80 x 103 MPa)

effective second moment of area

second moment of area of the full section

second moment of area of the cross-section about the n- and p-axes

second moment of area required for serviceability design

warping constant for a cross-section

torsion constant for a cross-section

plate buckling coefficient; or

effective length factor

exposed surface area to mass ratio

correction factor for distribution of forces in a tension member

shear buckling coefficient

actual length of a compression member; or

actual length of bearing

effective length of the member

effective length in the plane of bending

unbraced length of a member about the x-, y- and z-axes respectively

nominal member moment capacity

DuraGal DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES

absolute value of the maximum moment in the unbraced segment

elastic buckling moment

nominal section moment capacity

design serviceability moment

smaller bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length

larger bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length

absolute value of the moment at quarter point of the unbraced segment

absolute value of the moment at centre-line of the unbraced segment

absolute value of the moment at three-quarter point of the unbraced segment

design bending moment