TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TPHCM KHOA: C kh ng lc B MN: Cng ngh Nhit - in lnh Tn hc phn: K thut sy S VHT: 03 Trnh o to:

: i hc chnh quy A. NGN HNG CU HI V P N

Chng 1: <VT LIU M>

Biu mu 3a

M hc phn: 1232070

1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 1 1.1 Hiu v nu c cc khi nim, cc thut ng, hay cc nh ngha v: m tng i, m tuyt i. Nhit dung ring ca vt liu m. ng hc qu trnh sy. 1.2 Bieu dien c bieu o say. 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 1 STT Mc tiu kim tra nh gi 1 Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Ni dung o am cua vat lieu Am trong vat lieu. Dng cu hi gi nh ngha va cong thc cua m tng i, m tuyt i. S dng cc kin thc hc neu cac tnh chat vat ly cua nc, ac tnh mao dan, phan loai vat lieu am Nhiet dung rieng, he so dan nhiet, he so san nhiet o cua vat lieu am. Toc o say va bieu o say.

Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1

Cac ac trng nhiet Kh nng vn dng cc kin ong cua thc hc mc 1 vat lieu am. ng hc qu trnh Kh nng so snh, nh gi sy.

3. Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 1

TT 1.

Loi Cu hi p

Ni dung m tng i, m tuyt i ca vt liu: nh ngha, cng thc tnh. - m tng i (cn gi l m ton phn) l t l phn trm khi

im 1 0,5 1

Cu hi 4. p n

lng nc cha trong mt kilogam vt liu m. G = a 100 [%] G - m tuyt i (cn gi l m tnh theo vt liu kh) l t l phn trm khi lng nc cha trong mt kilogam vt liu kh. G k = a 100 [%] Gk Biu thc quan h gia m tng i, m tuyt i ca vt liu.

0,5

1 0,5 0,5 1

Cu hi 5. p n

Cu hi 6. p n

k 100 [%] 100 + k k = 100 [%] 100 Mt vt liu m c khi lng G=100kg, trong cha khi lng nc l Ga=45kg, hy xc nh cc tr s sau y ca vt liu: - m tng i . - m tuyt i k. G 45 = a 100 = 100 = 45[%] G 100 G 45 k = a 100 = 100 = 81,81[%] Gk ( 100 45 ) Mt vt liu m c m tng i =45%, hy xc nh cc tr s sau y ca vt liu: - m tuyt i k. - Khi lng nc cha trong vt liu Ga, bit khi lng vt liu kh Gk=55kg. 45 k = 100 = 100 = 81,81[%] 100 100 45 G 81,81x55 Ga = k k = = 45kg 100 100 =
Mt vt liu m c m tuyt i k=45%, hy xc nh cc tr s sau y ca vt liu: - m tng i . - Khi lng nc cha trong vt liu Ga, bit khi lng vt liu G=55kg. k 45 = 100 = 100 = 31,03[%] 100 + k 100 + 45 G 31,03 x55 Ga = = = 17 kg 100 100 Hy nu c tnh hp ph v mao dn ca m trong vt liu

0,5 0,5 1

0,5 0,5

Cu hi 7. p n 8. Cu hi p n

0,5 0,5 1

Hp ph gia nc v vt liu chia lm 2 loi: hp ph ho hc v hp 0,5 ph vt l. Hp ph ho hc l hin tng lin kt bn vng gia cc phn t nc v cc phn t ca vt hp ph thng qua vic trao i in t vng ngoi. V vy, hp ph ho hc rt bn vng v do trong qu trnh sy rt kh hoc khng th tch nc khi hp ph ho hc. 2

Cu hi

Hp ph vt l l hin tng lin kt gia cc phn t ca nc vi cc phn t ca vt hp ph khng c s trao i ion m ch do sc cng mt ngoi l lc mao dn gy ra; trong nc v vt rn l cc h c lp vi nhau v mt ho hc. Nc cha trong vt liu sy ch yu l nc do hp ph vt l v nc ny c th d dng tch ra khi vt liu m trong qu trnh sy. Mao dn l hin tng nc bm dnh v lu chuyn trong vt liu qua 0,5 cc l khe di tc ng ca p sut khng kh. Phn loi vt liu m 1 Vt liu m thnh 3 nhm chnh: 0,5 a. Vt keo: c tnh c bn ca n l khi ht m hoc nh m th kch thc ca cc hang xp ca vt thay i. Thng thng, khi nhn thm m th kch thc ca cc hang keo gin ra v ngc li khi b mt m th co li. Ni cch khc, vt keo l vt c tnh n hi. b. Vt xp mao dn: l vt m kch thc ca cc hang xp ca n 0,5 khng thay i hoc thay i rt t khi ht m hay nh m. c. Vt keo xp mao dn: l vt liu va c tnh keo va c tnh mao dn. Phn ln cc vt liu m thuc loi ny. th biu din mi quan h gia lng m bay hi theo thi gian sy 1 (biu sy) 0,5

9.

p n

Cu hi

W A B

10 .

p n
w
cb

K C

Bieu o say AB: giai oan ot nong. BC: giai oan say. K: iem ti han. wcb: o am can bang. 0,5

Chng 2: <KHONG KH AM> 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 2 1.1 Hiu v nu c cc khi nim, cc thut ng, hay cc nh ngha v: Mot so khai niem c ban ve khong kh am. Thong so c ban cua khong kh am. 1.2 Bieu dien c bieu o I-d cua khong kh am va cach s dung. 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 2

STT 1

Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng vn dng cc kin thc hc mc 1

Ni dung Thong so c ban cua khong kh am. Enthalpy cua khong kh am. Bieu dien bieu o I-d cua khong kh am Xac nh cac thong so va so sanh.

Dng cu hi gi nh ngha va cong thc cua m tng i, m tuyt i, ham am. Cach xac nh cong thc cua Enthalpy. Hnh dang cua o th va cach xac nh cac thong so. Xac nh I,d,t.

Kh nng so snh, nh gi

4. Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 2 Cu hi m tuyt i, m tng i ca khng kh m: nh ngha, cng thc tnh. m tuyt i ca khng kh m l lng hi nc cha trong 1 m3 khng kh m. Tc l v tr s th bng khi lng ring ca hi nc trong hn hp khng kh . K hiu a, [kg/m3]. G a = a V m tng i ca khng kh l t s gia lng hi nc cha trong 1 m3 khng kh vi lng hi nc trong 1 m3 hn hp khng kh bo ho hi nc trong cng iu kin nhit v p sut. K hiu , [%]. p = a = a ;= a a max bh pbh Hm m, entanpy ca khng kh m: nh ngha, cng thc tnh. 1 0,5

11 .

p n

0,5

12 .

Cu hi

p n

Cu hi

Hm m ca khng kh (cn gi l lng cha m hay cha hi) l 0,5 lng hi nc, tnh bng gam, cha trong 1 kg khng kh kh. K hiu d, [g/kgKK] pa d = 622 [g m/kgKK]. p pa Entanpy ca khng kh m (cn gi l nhit lng ring ca khng kh 0,5 m) l tng s entanpy ca khng kh kh v hi nc trong hn hp. K hiu I, [j/kgKK] I = iKK +d.ia Nhit bu t, nhit im sng ca khng kh m 1 Nu ta cho nc bay hi vo khng kh do nhit ca khng kh v ca mi trng cung cp (qu trnh on nhit) th trong sut qu trnh bay hi nhit ca khng kh s gim, hm m s tng ln dn. n khi khng kh bo ho hi nc th nc s ngng bay hi, nhit ca khng kh cng dng li v bng nhit bay hi ca nc. Nhit ny gi l nhit bu t. Gi s c mt hn hp khng kh m cha bo ho hi nc, cho lm lnh hn hp ny vi iu kin hm m khng i (d=const). Nhit ca hn hp gim dn xung n mt nhit no th hn hp s t n trng thi bo ho ( =1). Nhit tng ng vi trng thi ny gi l nhit im sng. im sng l nhit gii hn ca vic lm lnh khng kh n trng thi bo ho ( =1) khi hm m khng i (d=const). Gii thiu th I d ca khng kh m: - Cc trc to . - Cc ng biu din trng thi khng kh m. Trc tung biu din cc gi tr entanpi I, trc honh to vi trc tung mt gc 1350 biu din cc gi tr ca hm m d. Mc ch ly hai trc to vi nhau mt gc 1350 l cho cc ng biu din tch bit, d quan st, thun tin cho vic s dng. Tuy nhin, cc ng biu din ca th ch v gc phn t th nht, cc gi tr ca hm m d c biu din trn trc honh thng l (trc ph d). o th bieu dien 5 ng ac trng cho trang thai khong kh am. ng ang d. ng ang I. ng ang t. ng ang . ng ap suat rieng phan p. Trn th I-d cho im A c cc thng s trng thi tA=600C, dA=20g/kg KK, hy xc nh tr s ca cc thng s: - Nhit im sng ts. - Nhit bu t t. T A dng ng thng d=const (song song vi trc I) ct ng =1 ti B, nhit im sng ts i qua im B: ts=250C. T A dng ng thng I=const (song song vi trc d) ct ng =1 ti C, nhit bu t t i qua im C: t=320C. 0,5

13 .

p n

0,5

Cu hi

1 0,5

14 .

p n

0,5

Cu hi 15 . p n

0,5 0,5

Trn th I-d cho im A c cc thng s trng thi IA=30kcal/kgKK, 1 dA=20g/kg KK, hy xc nh tr s ca cc thng s: - Nhit im sng ts. - Nhit bu t t. 16 T A dng ng thng d=const (song song vi trc I) ct ng =1 0,5 . ti B, nhit im sng ts i qua im B: p ts=250C. n T A dng ng thng I=const (song song vi trc d) ct ng =1 0,5 ti C, nhit bu t t i qua im C: t=34,50C. Chng 3: <C S THIET KE THIET B SAY> Cu hi 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 3 1.1 Hiu v nu c cc khi nim, cc thut ng, hay cc nh ngha v: Cac phng phap say, che o say. 1.2 hieu c nguyen ly c ban cua cac phng phap say. 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 3 STT 1 Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng vn dng cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng so snh, nh gi Ni dung Cac phng phap say. Che o say. Dng cu hi gi Cac phng phap say nhan tao. Cac che o say thong dung. Neu trnh t tong quat thiet ke mot thiet b say Moi quan he chieu chuyen ong gia vat liu va tac nhan say.

Trnh t thiet ke thiet b say. Vat lieu va tac nhan say.

5. Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 3

17 . Cu hi

p n

Phn loi cc phng php sy theo phng thc cung cp nhit: 1 Phng php sy i lu. Phng php sy bc x. Phng php sy tip xc. Phng php sy bng in trng dng cao tn. Phng php sy thng hoa. Phng php sy i lu: Ngun nhit cung cp cho qu trnh sy l 0,2 nhit truyn t tc nhn sy n vt liu bng cch truyn nhit i lu. Phng php sy bc x: Trong phng php sy ny ngun nhit 0,2 cung cp cho qu trnh sy thc hin bng bc x t mt b mt no 6

Cu hi

n vt sy. Phng php sy tip xc: Trong phng php ny ngi ta cung cp nhit cho vt sy bng cch cho tip xc trc tip vt vi b mt ngun nhit. Phng php sy bng in trng dng cao tn: Nhit cung cp cho vt sy nh dng in cao tn to nn in trng cao tn trong vt lm vt nng ln. Phng php sy thng hoa: Phng php ny thc hin bng cch lm lnh vt ng thi ht chn khng cho vt sy t n trng thi thng hoa ca nc. m thot ra khi vt liu nh qu trnh thng hoa. Ch sy: nh ngha, nu mt s ch sy thng dng. Ch sy c hiu theo ngha thng thng l quy trnh t chc qu trnh sy m ch yu l cch t chc qu trnh truyn nhit v truyn cht gia tc nhn sy vi vt liu sy v cc thng s ca qu trnh m bo nng sut, cht lng v gi thnh sy. Mt s ch sy thng dng: - Ch sy c t nng trung gian. - Ch sy hi lu mt phn kh thi. - Ch sy kt hp hi lu v t nng trung gian. - Ch sy hi lu ton phn kh thi. Quan h gia chiu chuyn ng ca vt liu sy v tc nhn sy trong my sy lm vic lin tc. S nguyn l lm vic, c im ca qu trnh, phm vi ng dng c?a: - Sy cng chiu. - Sy ngc chiu. - Say cung chieu:
Tac nhan say (TNS) Vat lieu say (VLS)

0,2 0,2 0,2 1 0,5

18 .

p n

0,5

19 .

Cu hi p n

Say cung chieu

Vat lieu say va tac nhan say di chuyen cung chieu. Vat lieu ban au mang lng am ln c tiep xuc vi tac nhan say ban au co o am nho va nhiet o cao nen lng am boc hi rat nhanh. Ve pha cuoi qua trnh di chuyen th vat lieu co o am nho lai tiep xuc vi tac nhan say co o am ln hn, cang ve cuoi lng am boc hi cang giam va toc o say 7

giam dan. Say cung chieu co ac iem la nhiet o cua san pham luc ra khoi thiet b say tng oi thap nhng o am cua vat lieu cung con cao. Do o, ngi ta thng ng dung trong trng hp vat lieu say luc gan kho khong chu c nhiet o cao va cng o say ln nh luc con am. Mat khac, luc gan kho vat lieu co tnh hut am nho; ieu nay cho phep tiet kiem nang lng say bang cach tuan hoan (hoi lu) tac nhan say tr lai mot phan khi no ra khoi may say. - Say ngc chieu: 1
Tac nhan say (TNS) Vat lieu say (VLS)

Say ngc chieu

Vat lieu say va tac nhan say di chuyen ngc chieu. Vat lieu say ban au co o am ln nhat c tiep xuc vi tac nhan say ban cuoi co o am ln nhat va nhiet o nho nhat; khi sap ra khoi thiet b say, vat lieu say co o am be nhat c tiep xuc vi tac nhan say co o am be nhat va co nhiet o cao nhat. Do o, thi gian say keo dai hn va o am cua san pham say co the at c rat nho. Say ngc chieu c ng dung cho trng hp vat lieu say co o dan am kem nham tranh hien tng tao thanh mot lp vo kho xung quanh vat lieu lam can tr viec thoat am ben trong va de gay ran nt san pham say. Mat khac, say ngc chieu thng c ng dung pho bien cho cac loai vat lieu say co o am ln khong cho phep say qua nhanh, vat lieu say chu c nhiet o cao luc sap kho, vat lieu say co tnh hut am ln. 8

Cu hi

20 . p n

Quan he gia chieu chuyen ong cua vat lieu 2 say va tac nhan say trong may say lam viec lien tuc. S o nguyen ly lam viec, ac iem cua qua trnh, pham vi ng dung ca: - Say cheo dong. - Say ket hp. - Say cheo dong: 1 Tac nhan say co nhiet o cao di chuyen vuong goc vi dong vat lieu say, do o the say at kha ln va cng o say VLS cung kha cao. Say cheo dong c ng dung cho vat lieu say co o am be hoac sap kho cho phep say nhiet o cao va Say cheo dong nhanh. Mat khac, say cheo dong con c s dung khi khong the thc hien c phng thc say cung chieu hay ngc chieu do kho khan ve mat ket cau thiet b hay tr lc cua tac nhan say qua ln. - Say ket hp: 1
TNS VLS VLS

TNS Say ket hp

TNS

Tac nhan say di chuyen t 2 au vao roi i ra gia thiet b hay ngc lai, vat lieu say di chuyen vao mot ca va ra mot ca khac. Say ket hp c ng dung trong trng hp khong dung c phng thc say cung chieu va ngc chieu

Chng 4: <TNH TOAN NHIT THIT B SY I LU> 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 4 1 Hieu c cac cach tnh toan. Can bang vat lieu trong thiet b say oi lu. Tnh toan nhiet. Hieu suat cua thiet b. 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 4 STT 1 Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Ni dung Dng cu hi gi Phng trnh Phng trnh can bang can bang vat vat lieu, can bang am lieu. trong thiet b say oi lu. Tnh toan nhiet. Bieu dien qua trnh say. So sanh cac qua trnh say. Tnh toan nhiet thiet b say oi lu dung khong kh lam tac nhan. Bieu dien qua trnh say tren o th I-d. Qua trnh say ly thuyet va say thc te.

2 3 4

Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng vn dng cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng so snh, nh gi

6. Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 4

21 .

Cu hi

Qua trnh say co hoi lu mot phan kh thai: - S o nguyen ly lam viec. - Bieu dien qua trnh say tren o th I-d. - Pham vi ng dung.

10

0,5 1 2
Vat lieu say

A( 0, t0, d0) M( M, tM, dM)

Khong kh vao

B( 1, t1, d1)

C( 2, t2, d2)

p n

Khong kh thai hoi lu ( 2, t2, d2)

Hoi lu co tac dung ha thap nhiet o tac 0,5 nhan vao buong say ong thi tang lng khong kh can thiet cho qua trnh say. Mat khac hoi lu co tac dung lam che o say du i (nhiet o tac nhan say giam, o am tng oi tang len), do vay hoi lu thng c s dung e say cac vat lieu de b bien dang khi toc o say ln nh say go, o gom s, vat lieu xay dng,

S o nguyen ly lam viec cua qua trnh say hoi lu 1. Calorifer, 2. Buong say, 3. Quat

11

tB t1

B B1 I1=I2 C0

t2
A

=1
M IM

t0

I0

d0=d
1

d
M

d2

Bieu dien qua trnh say hoi lu tren o th I d

22 .

Cu hi

Qua trnh say co ot nong trung gian: - S o nguyen ly lam viec. - Bieu dien qua trnh say tren o th I-d. - Pham vi ng dung.

12

1 2
Khong kh vao
A( 0, t0, d0)

3 4

5 6
Khong kh ra
C( 2, t2, d2)

0,5

S o nguyen ly lam viec cua qua trnh say co ot nong trung gian 1, 3, 5. Calorifer, 2, 4, 6. Buong say Say co gia nhiet trung gian lam giam ang ke nhiet o tac nhan say vao buong say. Gia nhiet trung gian nhieu tang co tac dung lam cho che o say ieu hoa hn. Trng hp say ly thuyet tieu hao nhiet va khong kh say co gia nhiet trung gian cung bang tieu hao khi khong gia nhiet trung gian. Qua trnh say co ot nong trung gian thch hp cho viec say cac vat lieu khong chu c nhiet o cao.
I
t
B

0,5

p n

B1

B2

B3

t1
C2

C0 C1

t2 t
0

=1

A I0

d0=d
1

d2

Bieu dien qua trnh say co ot nong trung gian tren o th I d

13

Chng 5: <TNH TOAN NHIT THIT B SY BUONG> 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 5 Cau tao, nguyen ly lam viec thiet b say buong. Tnh toan thiet ke. 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 5 ST T 1 Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng vn dng cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng so snh, nh gi Ni dung Phan loai Dng cu hi gi Phan loai cac thiet b say buong Cau tao va Nguyen ly hoat ong cua thiet b say buong. Ghi ro cac cong thc tnh toan cua thiet b say buong So sanh qua trnh ton that nang lng.

Cau tao

3 4

Tnh toan thiet ke So sanh

Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 5 23 . Cu hi p n Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy bung.
4

3 1,5

2 1 K K

Hnh 5 1: S o cau tao cua thiet b say buong oi lu cng bc dung nhien lieu than a

1. Ghi lo, 2. Ca ieu chnh khong kh, 3. Quat, 4. Gia cha vat lieu say, 5.C thao san pham,6. Vach dap tan la

M t nguyn l hot ng Neu ung nguyen ly nh hnh ve. Neu u nhc im, phm vi ng dng

0,5 1 14

u iem: Thiet b bao gom mot hoac vai buong say, trong o vat lieu c xep thanh lp tnh tren cac gia hay toa xe. Viec nap va thao vat lieu say tien hanh qua ca buong say. Trong thiet b say loai nay, vat lieu c say gian oan ap suat kh quyen nen con goi la may say tnh, say me. Nhc iem: - Thi gian say keo dai v lp vat lieu nam yen. - Say khong eu; san pham co cho kho, cho t, de b nt ne. - Mat nhieu nhiet lng do thao va nap lieu qua ca cung nh khong tan dung het nhiet cua tac nhan say. - ieu kien lam viec nang nhoc, khong am bao ve sinh. - Cau tao n gian nhng kho kiem tra qua trnh Phm vi ng dng: Co the s dung e say hau het cac san pham cong nong nghiep. Chng 6: <TNH TOAN THIT B SY I LU KHAC> 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 6 Thiet b say tip xc Thiet b say bc x Thiet b say thng hoa Thiet b say dung dong cao tan 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 6 STT 1 Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh nh cc kin c thc mc 16
H

Ni dung Phng trnh can bang nhiet.

2 3 4

Ngn 24

1: S Tnh toan o Mc Hiu c cc kin thiet ke thc hc ca 1 mc u Kh nng vn dng cc kin Bieu dien ta qua trnh say. thc hc o mc 1 thi So sanh cac e Kh nng so snh, nh gi qua trnh say. t b sa y th hng cu hi u p n chi tit chng 6 v ng Cu Cu qu nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, to, ay 1. Th u ng

Dng cu hi gi Dung cac kien thc a hoc e thiet lap phng trnh can bang nhiet. Tnh toan thiet ke cac loai thiet b say oi lu Bieu dien qua trnh say tren o th I-d. Qua trnh say ly thuyet va say thc te cua tng thiet b.

phm vi ng dng ca

3 15

hi

p n

, 2. Va n h thit ra sy thng quay. b 1.n Thung say, 2. Vanh rang, 3. Cyclone, 4. Quat, g, 5. Ca ra san pham, 6. Vis tai, 7. Con lan, 8. Banh 3. rang, Cy 9.Calorifer, 10. Pheu cap lieu, 11.Canh xao tron clo ne , 33 44 4. Qu 1 1 at 10 11 12 1 1 22 0 1 55 , 5. C a ra 66 sa n 9 7 8 ph a m, S o cau tao thiet b say thung quay 6. Vi s ta i, Nguyn l hot ng 7. Thiet b say thung gom thung hnh tru 1 at Co nghieng khoang 6 80 so vi mat phang nam n ngang. Vanh ray 12 trt tren cac con lan ta 7 khi la thung quay, khoang cach gia cac con lan co n the, ieu chnh c e thay oi goc nghieng 8. cua thung. Thung quay c nh lap chat tren Ba thung vanh rang 2 (banh rang at tai trong tam n cua thung) an khp banh rang 8 noi vi ong h c ien thong qua hop giam toc. Thung quay vi ra n van toc khoang 1 8 vong/phut. g, Thiet b say thung quay lam viec ap 9. suat kh quyen. Tac nhan say co the la khong Ca kh lor khoi lo. Thng th vat lieu say hay tac hay ife nhan say chuyen ong cung chieu e tranh r, say qua kho va tac nhan say khoi mang theo 10 vat lieu say nhieu nh say ngc chieu. Van . toc cua khong kh hay khoi lo i trong trong thung Ph khoang 2 3 m/s. e u Vat lieu t qua pheu cap lieu 10 roi vao ca thung au cao va c chuyen ong trong p thung nh cac canh xao tron 11. Canh xao lie tron va phan bo eu vat lieu theo tiet dien u thung, va xao tron vat lieu va lam cho vat , 11 lieu tiep xuc vi tac nhan say tot hn. Vat . lieu say sau khi say kho c a ra ca 5 nh Ca vis n 6 van chuyen ra ngoai. Con khoi lo hay tai khong kh thai ra c cho qua cyclone 3 e gi lai h nhng hat vat lieu b bay theo roi xa ra ngoai xa o tri qua ong khoi. e tranh kh thai chui qua cac tro n , 12 . Va

1,5

0,5

16

h ra y

khe h cua may say lam anh hng en moi trng, ngi ta at quat hut 4 bo sung cho sc hut cua ong khoi va tao ap suat am trong may say. Neu say bang khoi lo th dan khoi lo vao thiet b say bang ca 9. Thiet b say thung quay c s dung rong rai trong cong nghiep hoa chat, thc pham, e say mot so hoa chat, quang pirit, phan am, ngu coc, ng, Nu u nhc im, phm vi ng dng 1 - u iem: Qua trnh say eu an va manh liet. Tiep xuc gia vat lieu say va tac nhan say tot. Cng o lam viec tnh theo lng am kha cao, co the ti 100 kg/m3h. Thiet b cau tao gon, chiem mat bang nho. - Nhc iem: Vat lieu de b v vun.

Pham vi ng dung: e say cac vat lieu dang hat ri, o am cua vat lieu say trung bnh ( 30%)).
Cu hi Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy bng ti. Tac
1. Pheu say lieu, 2. Buong say, 3. Con lan , 4. Bang tai, 5. cap Vat Thung cha san pham, 6. Calorifer,7. Quat, 8. Tam chan, 9. lieu thai tac nhan say 1 Ong
nhan

3 1,5

say

3 4

25 .

Khong kh vao

p n
7 6

S o cau tao thiet b say bang tai

Nguyn l hot ng: 0,5 Thiet b say bang tai gom mot buong say hnh khoi ch nhat 2, trong o co mot hay vai bang tai 4 chuyen ong cham nh nhan truyen ong t cac tang quay. Cac bang nay ta tren cac con lan 3 e khoi b vong xuong, bang nay 17

lam bang vai cao su, bang kim loai hay li kim loai va chuyen ong vi van toc khoang 0,3 0,6 met/phut. Vat lieu say do pheu cap lieu 1 cung cap vao buong say va c cac bang tai 4 van chuyen dan xuong pha di, ngc chieu vi tac nhan say do quat 7 va calorifer 6 cung cap i len, cac tam chan 8 lam nhiem vu dan hng dong khong kh nong di chuyen. u nhc im, phm vi ng dng: 1 u iem: Cng o say manh liet, thi gian say ngan, co the tang nang suat say do viec cap va thao vat lieu say dien ra lien tuc. Nhc iem: Ton that nhiet ln, Pham vi ng dung: Ch thch hp vi vat lieu dang hat. 26 . Cu hi Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy tng si. 3

18

p n

1,5
Tac nhan say

Vat lieu say

1
Khong kh vao

7 2 3 6

Thu hoi bui

San pham

S o cau tao thiet b say tang soi

1. Pheu cap lieu, 2. Buong say , 3. San phan phoi, 4. Quat, 5. Calorifer, 6. Thung cha, 7. Tam chan, 8. Cyclone

Nguyn l hot ng: 0,5 Bo phan chnh cua thiet b say la buong say 2, pha di buong say at san phan phoi 3. Khong kh co ap suat ln va nhiet o thch hp do quat 4 va calorifer 5 cung cap c thoi t di san phan phoi len va lam cho lp hat vat lieu dao ong nh la soi, nen c goi la may say tang soi. Trong qua trnh soi, khong kh b thoi cng bc qua cac hat vat lieu van toc 19

27 .

Cu hi p n

u ln e vt qua trong lc cua hat vat lieu va duy tr cac hat trang thai l lng. Vat lieu say trang thai soi nhan nhiet va nha am cho tac nhan say tr nen nhe hn, theo tac nhan i len lp tren ong thi no cung di chuyen ngang trong qua trnh say lien tuc va c lay ra thung cha 6 mot o cao thch hp nh tam 6 chan 7. Cac san pham dang hat bui nho bay theo tac nhan say c thu hoi nh cyclone 8. 7 Thiet b say tang soi la thiet b say t gap 5 trong cong nghe sau thu hoach va che bien nong san thanh thng pham Viet Nam. u nhc im,4phm vi ng dng: 1 Thiet b say tang soi co u iem la thch hp vi vat lieu dang hat, o kho san pham 8 rat ong eu, cng o say manh liet do s 3 tiep xuc triet e gia9 vat lieu va tac nhan say, cho phep say nhiet o cao hn nhiet o Khong kh vao cho phep v thi gian tiep xuc ngan. Hieu suat s dung thiet b cao, gia thanh au t thap. Nhng co nhc iem la say c vat lieu co 2 o am qua ln, cuc to, 1 de v vun, ton that thuy lc ln, thiet b b an mon nhanh. Pham vi ng dung: Dung e say cac vat lieu dang hat, o am trung bnh. Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca 3 thit b sy kh ng. 1,5

M t nguyn l hot ng

0,5 20

28 .

Cu hi p n

Thiet b say kh ong hay con goi la thiet b say kh thoi dung say vat lieu dang hat nho hay tinh the chong kho. Vat lieu vao thiet b va c dong kh co toc o 10 20 m/s cuon theo len ong thang ng cao t 10 20 met. Sau o vao phong giam toc o roi vao cyclone thu hoi san pham. Thi gian say rat ngan ch khoang 5 7 giay. u nhc im, phm vi ng dng: 1 u iem: Be mat tiep xuc pha ln nen qua trnh say rat manh liet; thi gian say nhanh nen cho phep say nhiet o cao. Thiet b cau tao gon, n gian. Nhc iem: Kho ieu chnh qua trnh, ton nhieu nang lng. Pham vi ng dung: Say cac vat lieu co kch thc hat tng oi nho. Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca 3 thit b sy phun. Hnh v s cu to 1,5
Hnh a:1. Quat, 2. Calorifer, 3. Pheu cap lieu, 5. Thung giam ap, 6. Ong thai tac nhan say,7. Thiet b loc, 8. Cyclone, 9. Vis tai thao lieu

21

Tac nhan say

5 6 Khong kh nong 2 1

1
Khong kh vao

4
Khong kh ra

6
San pham

Hnh b: S o cau tao thiet b say phun loai thung

Hnh a: 1. Loc bui, 2. Calorifer, 3. ong c ien, 4. Voi phun, 5. Quat, 6. Cyclone, 7. Buong say

Nguyn l hot ng 0,5 a. Loai thap: Xem hnh a Cau tao gom co thap cao 4, nh thap co voi phun 3 co nh hoac chuyen ong quay. Dung dch cha thung cha 1 co nhiet o thch hp nh bm 2 bm len nh thap va phun qua voi thanh sng mu. Qua trnh say thong gio t nhien qua ca 5. San pham lay ra ay thap gian oan hay lien tuc. Thap co the cao en 60 m, ng knh t 1 10 m. b. Loai thung: Xem hnh b Cau tao gom thung hnh tru 7 co ay con. Nap tren lap ong c ien 3 truyen ong cho au voi phun 4 co toc o quay rat ln (2000 6000 vong/phut). Calorifer 2 e ot nong khong kh. San pham c thu hoi cyclone 6, con khong kh thai ra 22

ngoai nh quat 5. Nu u nhc im, phm vi ng dng 1 Trong 3 loai tren, loai ly tam thng dung hn v no co hieu qua cao nhat, nhng co nhc iem la tieu hao nang lng nhieu nhat. - Phm vi ng dng : Thiet b say phun c dung e say cac dung dch nh: bot ca phe, ca cao, sa bo, sa au nanh, phan u-re, Chng 7: < THIT B SY KHAC> 1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 7 Thiet b say tiep xuc Thiet b say bc xa Thiet b say thang hoa Thiet b say dung ien trng dong cao tan 2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 7 STT 1 Mc tiu kim tra nh gi Mc Nh c cc kin thc mc 1 Ni dung Phng trnh can bang nhiet. Nguyen ly lam viec cua cac thiet b say. Thiet ke So sanh cac thiet b say Dng cu hi gi Dung cac kien thc a hoc e thiet lap phng trnh can bang nhiet. Ve hnh s o nguyen ly Tnh toan thiet ke cac thiet b. u va nhc cua tng phng phap.

2 3 4

Mc Hiu c cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng vn dng cc kin thc hc mc 1 Kh nng so snh, nh gi

Ngn hng cu hi v p n chi tit chng 7 29 . Cu hi p n Nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy 3 tip xc: - Sy tip xc vi b mt nng. - Sy tip xc trong cht lng. - Sy tip xc vi b mt nng: 1,5 Sy tip xc vi b mt nng cn gi l sy rang. thit b ny, b mt gia nhit l cht rn (vch phng, lng cho hay tr), cht ti nhit (hi nc, khi) i mt pha vch, vt sy tip xc vi b mt mt pha ca vch. u im: Thch hp vi cc loi vt liu dng tm mng. Nhc im: Tn tht nhit ln. Phm vi ng dng: Sy cc vt liu dng tm nh vi, giy, hoc vt liu c th cn thnh tm nh cc loi bt. 23

Cu hi

- Sy tip xc trong cht lng: Trong phng php sy ny, vt liu sy c nhng ngp vo cht lng nng nh du, cc loi cht lng v c hoc hu c. Cht lng ng vai tr cp nhit, m thot ra t vt liu sy xuyn qua cht lng thot ra ngoi, ha vo khng kh ca khng gian t thit b sy. Cht lng dng lm mi cht sy phi c nhit si ln hn nc p sut kh quyn. u im: Cng bay hi m cao, c th gim ng k thi gian sy, vt liu c gia nhit u n hn so vi cc phng php sy khc. Nhc im: Hi m cng cc cht kh thi c hi lm nhim mi trng lm vic ca khu vc t thit b sy. Phm vi ng dng: Sy m n lin, g, Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy bc x gia nhit bng in.
1. Quat, 2. Tang quay, 3. Pheu cap lieu, 4. Ong thai say tac nhan say, 5. Buong say, 6. en phat 5 hong ngoai, 7. Bang tia 4 6 Vat lieu tai, 8. Ca thao san pham say 3
Khong kh vao Tac nhan

1,5

3 1,5

7 8
San pham

2 1

S o cau tao thiet b say bc xa oi lu

30 .

p n

31 .

Cu hi p

Nguyn l hot ng: Thiet b loai nay co ket cau gon nhe va de ieu khien che o say. Thng dung en hong ngoai hay day (tam) ien tr lam nguon bc xa nhiet. Nu u nhc im, phm vi ng dng: u iem: - Cng o bay hi am ln co the ti vai lan so vi say oi lu va tiep xuc do dong nhiet bc xa tren n v dien tch ln hn ang ke. - Thiet b gon nhe, chiem t dien tch. - Thi gian say cho phep rut ngan, do o tang nang suat va giam gia thanh san pham. Nhc iem: San pham say de nt va cong venh. V vay cac vat lieu nh go, men s khong thch hp vi kieu say nay. Pham vi ng dung: Thch hp vi cac vat lieu mong nh vai, giay, cac chi tiet kim loai sn hay cac san pham xi ma. Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, phm vi ng dng ca thit b sy thng hoa. Hnh v s cu to

0,5

3 1,5 24

2 1 9 8 7

Hnh 7 5: S o he thong thiet b say thang hoa

1. Bnh thang hoa, 2. Bnh ngng, 3. Bnh phan ly, 4. Gian ngng cua may lanh, 5. Bnh cha moi chat lanh, 6. May nen, 7. Bm chan khong, 8. Bnh cha nc nong, 9. Bm ly tam.

32

Cu

M t nguyn l hot ng 0,5 Qua trnh say thang hoa co ba giai oan: Giai oan lam lanh san pham Trong giai oan nay do hut chan khong lam ap suat trong buong say giam, am thoat ra chiem khoang 10 15%. Viec bay hi am lam cho nhiet o vat lieu say giam xuong di iem 3 the. Giai oan thang hoa Giai oan nay che o nhiet trong buong say a che o thang hoa. Am trong vat lieu di dang ran se thang hoa thanh hi va thoat ra khoi vat lieu. Hi am nay se en bnh ngng va ngng lai thanh long sau o thanh bang bam tren be mat ong. Trong giai oan nay nhiet o vat lieu say khong oi. Giai oan bay hi am con lai Trong giai oan nay nhiet o cua vat lieu say tang len. Am trong vat lieu la am lien ket va trang thai long. Qua trnh say giai oan nay giong nh qua trnh say cac thiet b say chan khong thong thng. Nhiet o moi chat trong buong say luc nay cung cao hn giai oan thang hoa. u nhc im, phm vi ng dng: 1 u iem: Say nhiet o thap nen gi c cac tnh chat ti song cua san pham. Neu dung e say thc1 pham se gi c chat lng 3 va hng v cua san pham, khong b mat vitamin. Tieu hao nang lng e bay hi am thap. 2 4 Nhc iem: Gia thanh thiet b cao, van hanh phc tap, ngi van hanh can co trnh o ky thuat cao; tieu hao ien nang ln. Say thang hoa co tieu hao rieng ien nang ln sau kieu say bang dong ien cao tan. Pham vi ng dung: Say cac san pham my S o he pham, dc lieu, thc pham quy thong hiem. thiet b say ien Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, u nhc im, tan vi ng dng ca phm 3 cao 25

hi p n

thit b sy dng in trng cao tn. Hnh v s cu to

1,5

1.Vo thiet b, 2. Ban cc,3. Vat lieu say, 4. Xe goong

Nguyn l hot ng: 0,5 Vat lieu say at gia hai ban tu ien co ien ap tan so cao. Di tac dung cua ien trng tan so cao vat lieu c gia nhiet va am trong vat lieu se hoa hi va thoat ra ngoai. e tao nen ien trng cao tan, ngi ta dung may phat cao tan. May phat cao tan bien dong ien mot chieu hay xoay chieu tan so cong nghiep thanh dong ien xoay chieu tan so cao. Co hai loai may phat cao tan la may phat kieu ien t va may phat kieu c kh. Dong ien cao tan c a t may phat en hai ban cc cua tu ien. Dong ien cao tan se tao ra ien trng ben trong vat lieu at gia hai ban cc tu ien, t o lam nong vat lieu va say kho vat lieu say. Tren hnh la s o cau tao thiet b say dung ien trng cao tan vi ban cc kieu ng, thiet b nay dung e say go. u nhc im, phm vi ng dng: 1 u iem: Say bang ien trng tan so cao co u iem hn cac kieu say khac la s gia nhiet vat lieu c thc hien trong toan bo the tch vat nen nhiet o de ong eu hn. Khi gia nhiet bang ien trng cao tan, tam vat se co nhiet o cao hn nen gradien nhiet va gradien o am cung chieu, do o tao thuan li cho qua trnh say. ong thi cach gia nhiet bang ien trng cao tan cho phep ieu chnh nhiet o ben trong vat va duy tr nhiet o thch hp khong phu thuoc nhiet o be mat vat lieu. Do ac iem 26

Cu hi

0 .4 5

0 .5 0

= 0 .4 0

0 .5 5

6 5 0 0 6 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 5 0 0 0

1 6 0

0
.4 = 0

1 2 0

8 0
3500
3000

4 5 0 0 4 0 0 0
0

4 0 A = 0 V (m
3

2 5 0 0

33 .

/ h )

p n

3 0 0 0 N 7 0 0 0 N 1 1 0 0 0 N N N 1 9 0 0 0 n 2 3 0 0 0 4 8 1 2 1 6 2 0 2 4 2 8 3 2 v (m / s ) A N 0 N
O O O

4 4 . 5 5 5 . 5 6

1 5 0 0 0

.4

.5

cua qua trnh gia nhiet nh vay, phng phap say nay thch hp vi cac vat lieu day va co hnh dang phc tap ma gia nhiet bang oi lu, bc xa hay tiep xuc eu kho thc hien. Nhc iem: Tieu hao nang lng ln (2,5 en 5 kWh/kg am), hn na thiet b nay rat phc tap, viec van hanh bao dng oi hoi ngi co trnh o chuyen mon sau trong lnh vc nay. Pham vi ng dung: e say cac san pham va chi tiet ac biet khong the say bang cac phng phap khac. V du, say cac khung lo chu la co hnh dang phc tap va chieu day ln, neu say bang cac phng phap khac se rat kho khan v vat lieu nay de nt khi say. Nhng thiet b say nho cung co the s dung phng phap nay v say bang ien rat tien li, qua trnh gia nhiet vat the thc hien tot hn; do o chat lng san pham cao, thiet b de thc hien t ong hoa. Dung biu o e chn qut co nang suat 2 3 V=8000m /h, cot ap p=150mmH2O P (m m H O ) A = 7 0 0 0 1
2

.5

Chon quat No4,5; A=6500, n= 3 4. Cu hi

6500 = 1445vg / ph 4 ,5

1 3,5

Trong mt qu trnh sy bit cc thng s sau y: - Lng hi nc cn bc hi l W=28,6kg/h. 0 - d0=d1= 21,5g/kgKK, d 2 = 50,5g/kgKK.

27

- Hi lu 30% kh thi. Hy tnh cc tr s: - Lng khng kh kh L, L0, LH. - H s hi lu n. - Gi tr ca dM. 1000W 1000 x 28,6 L= 0 = = 986 ,2kgKK / h d 2 d1 50 ,5 21,5 p n LH=0,3L LH = 0,3x986,2 = 295,86 kgKK/h L0 = L-LH = 986,2-295,86 = 690,34 kgKK/h L 295 ,86 n= H = = 0 ,428 L0 690 ,34 dM =
0 d 0 + nd 2 21,5 + 0 ,428.50 ,5 = = 30 ,19 g / kgKK 1+ n 1 + 0 ,428

1,5

1 1 3,5

Cu hi 3 5.

p n

36 . Cu hi

p n

Trong mt qu trnh sy bit cc thng s sau y: 0 - d0=d1= 22g/kgKK, d 2 = 50g/kgKK. - Hi lu 30% kh thi, h s hi lu n=0,428. - Lng khng kh kh lu chuyn qua bung sy L=980 kgKK/h. Hy tnh cc tr s: - Gi tr ca dM. - Lng khng kh kh L0, LH. - Lng hi nc cn bc hi W. 0 d + nd 2 22 + 0 ,428.50 dM = 0 = = 30 ,39 g / kgKK 1+ n 1 + 0 ,428 LH=0,3L LH = 0,3x980 = 294 kgKK/h L0 = L-LH = 980-294 = 686 kgKK/h 0 L( d 2 d1 ) 980( 50 22 ) W = = = 27 ,44kg / h 1000 1000 Tnh toan s bo mot buong say tnh e say ca phe, nang suat Q=2 tan/me, thi gian say = 12 gi, o am cua vat lieu w1 = 32%, w2 = 12%. Biet t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%, t1 = 600C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d. Biet = 400kJ/kg am. - Xac nh cac thong so trang thai cua khong kh am tai A, B, C2. 2000 G2 = = 166 ,66kg / h 12 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 215,67 kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 49,01kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 - iem A: t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%

1,5 1 1 3,5

1,5

Tra o th I-d I0 =20,5 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=21,5 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =600C, d1=d0=21,5
28

g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=28Kcal/kgkkk - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=28Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 =340C (t2 > d2=32,5g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=

ts

),

1000.49,01 = 4455,45kg / h 32,5 21,5 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 4455,45( 28 20,5) = 33415( Kcal / h) = 139678[kJ / h]

I
t1
B

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

- Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm -> 10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -400 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm -> GE = Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2

Dung o th I-d e tra cac tr so I, d, t, tai A, B, C2 iem Thong so t (0C) A 30 B 60 C 34 29 1 400 GF = .10 = 1,66mm m 2400

37 . Cu hi

p n

d (g/kgkkk) 21,5 21,5 31 I (kcal/kgkkk) 20,5 28 27 Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy la, nng sut Q = 1,5 tn/m, thi gian sy = 18 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 35%, w2 = 14%. Bit t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%, t1 = 600C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 370kJ/kg m. - Xc nh cc thng s trng thi ca khng kh m ti A, B, C2. 2000 G2 = = 83,33kg / h 12 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 110,26kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 26.93 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 - iem A: t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%

3,5

1,5

Tra o th I-d I0 =20,5 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=21,5 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =600C, d1=d0=21,5 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=28Kcal/kgkkk - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=28Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 =340C (t2 > ts ), d2=32,5g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
1000.26,93 = 2448 .18kg / h 32,5 21,5 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 2448,18( 28 20,5) = 18361,35( Kcal / h) = 76750[kJ / h]

30

I
t1
B

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm ->10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm -> GE = Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2

Dung o th I-d e tra cac tr so I, d, t, tai A, B, C2 iem A B C Thong so t (0C) 30 60 34 d (g/kgkkk) 21,5 21,5 31,5 I (kcal/kgkkk) 20,5 28 27,5 Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy bp, nng sut Q = 2,4 tn/m, thi gian sy = 24 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 32%, w2 = 14%. Bit t0 = 300C, 0 = 82%, t1 = 650C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 380kJ/kg m. - Xc nh cc thng s trng thi ca khng kh m ti A, B, C2. 1 370 GF = .10 = 1,54mm m 2400

38 .

Cu hi

3,5

31

p n

2400 = 100 kg / h 24 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 126,47 kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 26.47 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 G2 = - iem A: t0 = 300C, 0 = 82%

1,5

Tra o th I-d I0 =21 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=22 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =65 0C, d1=d0=22 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=29Kcal/kgkkk, - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=29Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 = 350C (t2 > ts ), d2=34,5g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
I
t
1

1000.26,93 = 2117,6kg / h 34,5 22 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 2117.6(29 21) = 16940,8( Kcal / h) = 70812[kJ / h] 1

B

t
2

C2 C0 A

t
0

=1

Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm ->10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm

32

-> GE =

380 GF = .10 = 1,58mm m 2400 1

Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2

Dung o th I-d e tra cac tr so I, d, t, tai A, B, C2 iem Thong so t (0C) d (g/kgkkk) I (kcal/kgkkk) A 30 22 21 B 65 22 29 C 34 33,5 28,5 3,5

Cu hi

Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy ht u nnh, nng sut Q = 2 tn/m, thi gian sy = 18 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 30%, w2 = 12%. Bit t0 = 320C, 0 = 80%, t1 = 700C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 410kJ/kg m. - Xc nh cc thng s trng thi ca khng kh m ti A, B, C2. 2000 = 111,11kg / h 18 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 139,68kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 28,57 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 - iem A: t0 = 320C, 0 = 82% G2 =

1,5

39 . p n

Tra o th I-d I0 =22,5 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=24 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =70 0C, d1=d0=24 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=32Kcal/kgkkk, - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=32Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 = 370C (t2 > ts ), d2=38 g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
1000.28,57 = 2040,7 kg / h 38 24 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 2040,7(32 22,5) = 19386 .78( Kcal / h) = 81036[kJ / h]

33

I
t1
B

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm ->10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm -> GE = Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2

Dung o th I-d e tra cac tr so I, d, t, tai A, B, C2 iem A B C Thong so t (0C) 32 70 36 d (g/kgkkk) 24 24 37 I (kcal/kgkkk) 22.5 29 31.5 40 . Cu hi 1 410 GF = .10 = 1,7 mm m 2400

Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy ht tiu, nng sut Q = 2,4 3,5 tn/m, thi gian sy = 12 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 28%, w2 = 12%. Bit t0 = 300C, 0 = 75%, t1 = 650C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 450kJ/kg m. - Nu nhn xt khi qu trnh sy c 0 = 2.

34

p n

2400 = 200 kg / h 12 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 244,4kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 44,4 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 G2 = - iem A: t0 = 300C, 0 = 75%

1,5

Tra o th I-d I0 =19,5 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=20 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =65 0C, d1=d0=19,5 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=28Kcal/kgkkk, - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=28Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 = 340C (t2 > ts ), d2=33 g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
I
t1
B

1000.44,4 = 3415,38kg / h 33 20 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 3415,38.(28 19,5) = 29030,7( Kcal / h) = 121348[kJ / h] 1

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18

-Truc tung: 33mm -> 10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

35

Vay m=

M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg M d 33

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm -> GE =

450 GF = .10 = 1,87 mm m 2400

Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2 Neu 0= 2, qua trnh say van dien ra bnh

Cu hi

41 . p n

1 thng, nhng hieu suat say thap do cha tan dung kha nang tai am cua khong kh say. Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy nhn, nng sut Q = 1,4 3,5 tn/m, thi gian sy = 18 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 32%, w2 = 14%. Bit t0 = 320C, 0 = 78%, t1 = 700C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 430kJ/kg m. - Nu nhn xt khi qu trnh sy c 1 ln t nng trung gian. 1,5 2400 G2 = = 77,77 kg / h 12 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 98,35kg / h 100 w1 W=G1 -G2 = 20,58 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 - iem A: t0 = 320C, 0 = 78%

Tra o th I-d I0 =22 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=23 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =70 0C, d1=d0=23 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=31Kcal/kgkkk, - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=31Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 = 360C (t2 > ts ), d2=36,5 g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
1000.20,58 = 1524,44kg / h 36,5 23 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 1524,44.(31 22) = 13750 ( Kcal / h) = 57475[kJ / h]

36

I
t1
B

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm -> 10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm -> GE = Ve tren o th I-d ta c iem C2

Nhiet o say cho phep nho hn trng hp 1 say khong co bo sung nhiet, toc o say giam, thch hp vi dang vat lieu say dang tam mong de b cong venh trong qua trnh say. Tnh ton s b mt bung sy tnh sy tm, nng sut Q = 0,5 3,5 tn/m, thi gian sy = 15 gi, m ca vt liu w1 = 38%, w2 = 13%. Bit t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%, t1 = 750C. - Tnh G1, G2, W, L, Q. - Biu din qu trnh sy thc trn th I d. Bit = 440kJ/kg m. - Nu nhn xt khi qu trnh sy c khng kh thi hi lu. 1,5 500 G2 = = 33,33kg / h 15 100 w2 G1 = G 2 = 46,77 kg / h 100 w1 37 430 GF = .10 = 1,8mm m 2400

42 . Cu hi

p n

W=G1 -G2 = 13,44 kg/h 1000 W L lt = 0 d 2 d1 - iem A: t0 = 300C, 0 = 80%

Tra o th I-d I0 =20,5 Kcal/kgkkk, d0=21,5 g/kgkkk - iem B: Nhiet o say: t1 =75 0C, d1=d0=21,5 g/kgkkk Tra o th I-d I1=I2=31,5 Kcal/kgkkk, - iem C0: 2 = 98% , I2 =I1=31,5 Kcal/kgkkk Tra o th I-d t2 = 370C (t2 > ts ), d2=37,5 g/kgkkk Thay vao tnh c : L=
1000.13,44 = 840 kg / h 37,5 21,5 Q = L( I 1 I 0 ) = 840.(31,5 20,5) = 9240 ( Kcal / h) = 38623[ kJ / h]
I
t1
B

t2 t0
A

C2

C0

=1

d
Bieu dien cac qua trnh say thc tren o th I d

Xac nh iem C2 bang phng phap hnh hoc:

Dung thc o tren o th I-d, ta c:

10 33 10 -Truc hoanh: 18mm -> 10 g/kgkkk -> Md= 18 M I 18 = = 0,567 ( Kcal / g ) = 2,4kJ / g = 2400 kJ/kg Vay m= M d 33

-Truc tung: 33mm -> 10 Kcal/kgkkk -> MI=

am = -370 kJ/kg am. Chon GF = 10mm

38

-> GE =

440 GF = .10 = 1,8mm m 2400

Hoi lu co tac dung lam giam qua trnh 1 tach am ra khoi vat lieu, giam nhiet o say; neu t le hoi lu cang ln th qua trnh tach am cang cham. Say hoi lu kh thai thng ap dung cho say hat giong, cac san pham dang la (cac loai rau)

B. HNG DN S DNG NGN HNG CU HI

-

Thi im p dng: T hc k I nm hc 2007-2008. Phm vi cc trnh v loi hnh o to c th p dng: i hc chnh quy. Cch thc t hp cc cu hi thnh phn thnh cc thi: 04 cu l thuyt + 01 cu bi tp. Cc hng dn cn thit khc: Phn b cc cu l thuyt v bi tp ri u cho cc chng.

Ngn hng cu hi thi ny c thng qua b mn v nhm cn b ging dy hc phn. Tp. HCM, ngy 24 thng 6 nm 2007. Ngi bin son (K v ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v)

GVC. ThS. inh Thnh Ngn

T trng b mn: . . . . . . . . . . ............................................ (K v ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v). Cn b ging dy 1: . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................ (K v ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v). Cn b ging dy 2: . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................ (K v ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v).

39