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Levelling

Levelling Terminology
Definition: Measuring vertical distance Datum: MSL Mean Sea Level Reduced Level: Height above or below datum Benchmark: Point of Known Elevation GTS, Permanent, Temporary & Arbitrary Station

Levelling
Instruments in Levelling Dumpy Level/ Auto Level/Total Station Levelling Staff: Telescopic 4m levelling Staff Types of staff reading: Backsight (BS), Foresight (FS), Intermediate Sight (IS)

Change Point (CP)

Types of Levelling
Simple Levelling: Single setup; two points only Differential/ Compound Levelling: elevation of Multiple points ( Min. one CP) Profile Levelling: Along a road, rail,canal Line Fly levelling: continuous with BS,FS; No IS Check Levelling

Dumpy Level

Steps In Levelling
Fixing the Level on Tripod Temporary Adjustment in Dumpy Level ( Levelling) Tripod leg adujustment Use of foot screws Focusing Taking Reading

Methods of measuring RL
Line of Collimation ( Height of Instrument) Rise and Fall method

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