How to set up a home laboratory - over 200 simple experiments. Written by Robert Brent and Illustrated by Harry Lazarus. Copyright 1960 by Golden Press, Inc.
How to set up a home laboratory - over 200 simple experiments. Written by Robert Brent and Illustrated by Harry Lazarus. Copyright 1960 by Golden Press, Inc.
How to set up a home laboratory - over 200 simple experiments. Written by Robert Brent and Illustrated by Harry Lazarus. Copyright 1960 by Golden Press, Inc.
ial THE GOLDEN BOOK OF :
Mf CHEMISTRY
* “EXPERIMENTSTHE GOLDEN BOOK OF
Chemistry Experiments
How to Set Up a Home Laboratory—
Over 200 Simple Experiments
BY ROBERT BRENT
ILLUSTRATED BY HARRY LAZARUS
GOLDEN PRESS
NEW YORKWords Used by Chemists
Acids a hydrogen-cont
that releases hydrogen
compound
Solution,
Alloy: a material made up by combining
‘v0 oF more metals.
Analysis: breaking down a compound
into two or more substances,
Anhydrous free from water.
Atom: the smallest unit of an clement
that can enter into the making of
chemical compound.
Atomife weight: the weight of an atom
ccampared with the weight of an oxygen
ftom set at 16,
Base: » compound containing the hy=
droxide group (OH).
Catalyst: a substance that helps in a
chemical reaction without itsell being
changed.
Chemical change: a change of a sub-
stance into another substance having
different propert
Chemistry: a branch of science dealing
‘ith the compositions of substances and
the changes that ean he made in them,
Combustion: burning: a chemical
change that produces beat and light.
16 of
Compound: a substance co
tbvo oF more different kinds of
Aefinite proportions by weight,
Crystal: a solid in which atoms or mole-
cules are arranged in @ definite pattern.
+ the weight of a liquid or a
‘grams per em! or milliliter
Distillate: a liquid that has been turned
into vapor and again cooled into a liquid.
Distillation: the process of producing
a distillate
Ductile: capable of being drawn out into
Electrolysis: breaking down a substance
by passing an electric current through it,
Electrolyte: a substance that, when in
solution or when melted, will conduct
fan electrio current
mercury
‘Elements substance that contains only
fone kind of atoms
Equation: a complete description of @
chemical reaction by the use of symbols,
ormulas, and signs.
Evaporation: the changing of a subs
stance into vapor; also the process of re~
‘moving water by heating.
Filtrate: a liquid obtained by file
ration: the process of straining a
liquid from a solid through porous mate
rial, usually filter paper.
Formula: a group of symbols and num-
bers giving the composition of a com-
pound.
Hydrate:
bound water of hs
crystallization) that can be driven off
Dy heating.
Hydroxide: a compound that contains
the hydroxyl (OH) radical,
Ton: an electrically charged stom or
‘group of atoms (radical),
‘Malleable: capable of being hammered
fr rolled into a thin sheet.
Matter: anything that takes up space
and bas welsh.
thot is a good con-
; hes luster, and
whose oxide forms a base with water
Metalloids an element that has proper-
ties of hoth metsle and nonmetale
Mixture: a mingling of substances not
combined chemically.
Molecular weight: the sum of the
ltomie weights of the atoms that make
‘up @ molecule of @ compound,
Molecules the smallest unit of com-
pound that con exist in the free state,
‘Neutralization: the reaction of an acid
fand a base to give a salt and water.
Nonmetal: an element that is « poor
conductor of electricity, does not have
luster, and whore oxide forms an acid
‘when combined with water.
Organic chemistry: the chemistry of
the carbon compounds.
Oxidation: the process by which a sub-
es with oxygen.
luble solid formed
‘chemical reaction
1: @ group of atoms that behave
chemically as # single atom.
Reaction: a chemical change.
Reduction: removal of oxygen; the op-
posite of oxidation.
Salt: compound (other than water)
formed by the reaction of an acid and
a base,
Saturated solution: a solution that
contains the maximum amount of solute
tunder the conditions.
Solubility: tho number of grams of «
solute needed to make # saturated <0-
lution in 100 grams of solvent.
Solute: the substance dissolved in
solvent.
Solution: @ non-settling mixture of a
solute in a solvent.
Solvents a liquid in which a solute is
dissolved.
Sublimation: a process by which a sal-
id is turned into vapor and again cooled
{nto a solid without passing through a
liquid stage.
Subscript: a sinall numeral indicating
the number of stoms of a certain element
jn the formula of a compo
Substance: any specific hind of matter
‘whether element, compound, or mixture.
ide
Symbol: a letter of to Tottors repre
senting one atom of an element.
Synthesis: tho making up of a com-
pound from simpler compounds or from
elements; the opposite of analy
Yalenee: the number of hydrogen atoms
wvhich one stom of an element can dis-
place or with which it ean unite,
copper