PHNG GD&T AK P

TRNG THCS CHU VN AN

K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 8

Mn Ha hc . Nm hc: 2010-2011
Thi gian: 120 ( Khng k thi gian pht )

CHNH THC

---------( gm: 01 trang)--------Hy c k bi v chn cu d lm trc!

THI:
Cu 1 (2,5 im): Chn h s thch hp cn bng cc phn ng ha hc sau y ( khng thay
i ch s x,y trong phn ng cu a v d ):
t0
Fe + CO2
a) FexOy + CO
Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O
b) CaO + H3PO4
FeCl2 + FeCl3 + H2O
c) Fe3O4
+ HCl
FeCl
d) FexOy + HCl
+ H2 O
2y
e) Al2O3

AlCl3
+ HCl

+ H2 O

Cu 2 (1,0 im): Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht electron, proton, ntron trong nguyn t l

46, bit s ht mang in nhi u hn s ht khng mang in 14 ht. Tnh s proton, s ntron
trong nguyn t X v cho bit X thuc nguyn t ha hc no?
Cu 3 (2,0 im): Hp cht A c cu to bi nguyn t X ha tr V v nguyn t oxi. Bit
phn t khi ca hp cht A bng 142 vC. Hp cht B c to bi nguyn t Y ( ha tr y,
vi 1 y 3) v nhm sunfat ( SO4), bit rng phn t hp cht A ch nng bng 0,355 ln phn
t hp cht B. Tm nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t X v Y. Vit cng thc ha hc ca hp
cht A v hp cht B.
Cu 4 (1,5 im): Mt hp cht X gm 3 nguyn t C,H,O c thnh phn % theo khi lng
ln lt l 37,5% ; 12,5% ; 50%. Bit dX / H 16 . Tm CTHH ca hp cht X.
2

Cu 5 (1,5 im): Mt hn hp Y c khi lng 7,8 gam gm 2 kim loi Al v Mg, bit t l
s mol ca Al v Mg trong hn hp l 2 : 1.
a) Tnh s mol ca mi kim loi trong hn hp Y.
b) Tnh khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp Y.
Cu 6 (1,5 im): Cho bit trong hp cht ca nguyn t R ( ha tr x ) vi nhm sunfat (SO4)
c 20% khi lng thuc nguyn t R.
a) Thit lp biu thc tnh nguyn t khi ca R theo ha tr x.
b) Hy tnh % khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht ca R vi nguyn t oxi ( khng
xc nh nguyn t R).
Ph lc: Bng tra cu nguyn t khi v s proton ca mt s nguyn t c lin quan:
K hiu nguyn t
Nguyn t khi
S proton

P
31
15

O
16
8

Ca
40
20

Mg
24
12

C
12
6

S
32
16

Fe
56
28

H
1
1

Al
27
13

------------Ht ------------Ghi ch: - Th sinh c dng my tnh b ti theo quy nh ca B GD&T, khng c tra cu bt
k ti liu no khc bng ph lc trn.
- Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.
H tn th sinh: .................................. SBD:................ Lp: .................. Phng thi: ..........................

PHNG GD&T AK P
TRNG THCS CHU VN AN

K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 8

Mn Ha hc . Nm hc: 2010-2011
Thi gian: 120 ( Khng k thi gian pht )

HNG DN CHM
( gm: 02 trang )
Cu/
Cu 1
(2,5)

Ni dung p n
Mi PTHH lp ng c 0,5 im
t

xFe + yCO2
Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2O
b) 3CaO + 2H3PO4
FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
c) Fe3O4
+ 8HCl
x FeCl
d) FexOy + 2yHCl
+ yH2O
2y
0

a) FexOy + yCO

im
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5

e) Al2O3
Cu 2
(1,0 )

Cu 3
(2,0 )

2AlCl3
+ 6HCl

+ 3H2O

Ta c: 2p + n = 46 (1)
M:
2p n = 14
(2)
Ly (1) + (2) c 4p = 60 p = 15 n = 16
V s p = 15 nn X thuc nguyn t Pht pho ( k hiu P)
CTTQ ca cht A: Y2O5
V phn t khi ca hp cht A l 142 vC nn ta c:
Ta c: 2X + 80 = 142 X = 31
Vy X l nguyn t phtpho ( P) ; CTHH ca cht A: P2O5
CTTQ ca cht B : Y2(SO4)y

142
PTK ca B =
= 400 vC
0,355

Cu 4
(1,5 )

Cu 5
(1,5 )

0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

Ta c: 2Y + 96y = 400 Y = 200 48y

Bng bin lun:
y
1
2
3
Y
152 (loi) 104 ( loi)
56 ( nhn)
Vy X l nguyn t st ( Fe) ; CTHH ca cht B l Fe2(SO4)3

0,25

t CTTQ ca hp cht X : CxHyOz

0,25

Ta c:

12x
1y
16z 32

0,32
37,5 12,5 50 100

0,25
0,25

0,5

Gii ra x = 1 , y = 4 , z = 1
CTHH ca hp cht X l : CH4O

0,5
0,25

a) Gi x l s mol ca Mg s mol Al l 2x
Ta c: 24x + 27.2x = 7,8
78x = 7,8 x = 0,1
Vy nMg 0,1 ( mol) ; nAl 0,2 (mol)

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

b) mMg 0,1 24 2,4 (gam)

mAl 7,8 - 2,4 =5,4 gam

0,25
0,25

Cu 6
(1,5 )

X t hp cht: R2(SO4)x :
2R 20 1
Ta c:
(1)

R = 12x
96x 80 4
X t hp cht R2Ox:
2R
R
Ta c: %R =
(2)
100%
100%
2R 16x
R 8x
12x
Thay (1) vo (2) ta c: %R =
100% 60%
12x 8x

0,25
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25

---------Ht p n---------Ghi ch:

c sinh c th gii b ng cch khc, n u l p lu n ng v c k t qu chnh c th v n t
i m ti a ca ph n .