STRATEGI MENJAWAB SOALAN SCIENCE SPM (1511)

MUHAMAD KHAIRUL BIN JAMALUDIN PANITIA SAINS SMK TAMAN TUN AMINAH

SCIENCE SPM FORMAT

NO 1 ITEM Type of instrument

Number of questions

PAPER 1 (1511/1) Objective 50 questions (50 MARKS)

Level of difficulty

L:M:H 5:3:2 25 : 15 : 10

PAPER 2 (1511/2) Subjective Section A: - 4 questions (20 marks) Section B: - 5 questions (30 marks) Section A: - 3 questions (20 marks) (answer question 10 and either question 11 or 12) L:M:H 5:3:2

Target SPM
NO 1 2 ITEM Type of instrument Number of questions

PAPER 1 (1511/1) Objective 50 questions (50 MARKS) Paper 1 40/50

UNTUK MENDAPAT

A
Total:
5

97/120 x 100 = 81%

Level of difficulty

(A)

L:M:H 5:3:2 25 : 15 : 10

PAPER 2 (1511/2) Subjective Section A: - 4 questions Section A: 18/20 (20 marks) Section B: - 5 questions Section B: /30 (30 marks) Section C: - 3 questions Section (20 marks)C: 16/20 (answer question 10 and either question 11 or 12) L:M:H 5:3:2

23

How to get A

Section A
1.Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 shows the result of an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of lead(II) bromide. Rajah1.1 dan 1.2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik plumbum (II) bromida.

Solid Lead (II) bromide

Molten Lead (II) bromide

(b) (i) manipulated variable, - state of plumbum (II) bromida / solid plumbum (II) bromida. liquid plumbum (II) bromida (ii) responding variable, - ammeter reading /electrical coductivity

 Based on Diagram 1.2, what is your observation on the needle of the ammeter? Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2 , apakah pemerhatian anda pada jarum ammeter?

(a) (i) needle of ammeter deflected / give reading / moved (a) (ii) 0.4 A

(c) State one inference for this experiment.

- Ammeter needle deflected (observation) because liquid plumbum (II) bromide can conduct electric (reason) - Ammeter needle does not deflected (observation) because solid plumbum (II) bromide cannot conduct electric (reason) (d) Lead (II) bromide is an ionic compound. State the operational definition for an ionic compound. - Ionic compound is substances that ammeter give reading when molten/liquid state

(d) Lead (II) bromide is an ionic compound. State the operational definition for an ionic compound.

?________ is a substances/process that ___(observation) Ionic compound is substances that ammeter give reading when molten/liquid state
Another example:

Operational definition of electric conductor Electric conductor is a process that ammeter give a reading.

2 (a)

Substances Bahan
Distilled water Air suling Distilled water + common salt Air suling + garam biasa

Boiling point/oC Takat didih/oC

100

.......................

102

(b) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment. - Boiling point increases (observation) because present of common salt (reason)

(d) What is the operational definition of distilled water? - Distilled water substances that increase the boiling point when common salt is added.

- Distilled water substances that boiling point 100 0c.

Figure 2

Figure 3

Pair of metals as electrodes Pasangan logam sebagai elektrod

Copper and zinc Kuprum dan zink Copper and magnesium Kuprum dan magnesium

Voltmeter reading (V) Bacaan voltmeter (V)

1 2.5

3
Pair of metals as electrodes Pasangan logam sebagai elektrod Copper and zinc Kuprum dan zink Copper and magnesium Kuprum dan magnesium Voltmeter reading (V) Bacaan voltmeter (V)

(b) What is the responding variable in this experiment? Voltmeter reading

Measure the length of Section 2 of the ticker tape and record it in Table 1
Ukur panjang Keratan 2 pita detik itu dan catatkan dalam Jadual 1.

Used ruler

2.

(a)

x x

(b) Answer : The longer the time taken, the higher the temperature is.

Section B
Father 44 + XY (b) (i) Meiosis Process I Gamete Mother 44+XX

..... 22+X

22+Y (ii) Fertilization

22+X

22+X

Process II ....
Zygote

44+XX
R

44+XX

44+XY

44+XY

S Diagram 2

(c) The zygote T produced will undergo mitosis and split into two
(i) What type of twins will be produced

- Identical twin
(ii) State one characteristics of the type of twins in (c) (i)

- Same characteristics / share one placenta / involved one sperm one ovum

Twins

4. Diagram 5 shows stages in a cell division

Mitosis and meiosis

(a) (i) Name the cell division shown in Diagram 5. - Mitosis (ii) Explain your answer in (a)(i) - the process produced 2 daughter cells / no crossing over (b) Arrange the stages of cell division according to the correct sequence.

P (c) Name structure P.

- chromosome
(d) State where this type of cell division occur.

- somatic cells
(e) State one importance of this type of cell division.

- increase the number of cells / repair damage cells

Diagram 6 shows radioactive radiation passing through an electric field.

Alpha (positive charge)

P
Radioactive source

Negative Plate

Gamma (neutral)
Q R

Beta (negative charge)

Positive plate

(b) (ii) Explain your answer in (b) (i) P deflected to negative plate, while R deflected to positive plate. (d) Which type of radiation consist: (i) electron - beta (ii) helium nucleus - alpha (e) Which radiation that has the same speed as light ? - gamma ray (f) State the best method to prevent ray Q from exposed to environment. - store in the lead container

Nuclear power station

Generate nuclear energy

Kinetic energy

Electrical energy

SECTION C (QUESTION 10)

1. Study the following statement; MV When white light is shone on a( primary coloured filter, ) a certain(light passes through ) RV (a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement. [1 mark] IMPORTANT!! In the statement..Must have (mv), (rv) and a result. ANSWER red When white light is shone on a __________ coloured red filter, a __________ light passes through.

(b) Using a red filter, a blue filter, a green filter and other apparatus, describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria;
i) Aim of the experiment [1 mark] To study the (relationship between) primary colour filter _______________mv and colour light passes through ______________________________rv ii) Identification of variables [2 marks] primary colour filter Manipulated variable: ________________________ (max Responding variable: colour light passes through ________________________ 2 marks) Amount of light Constant variable: ________________________

iii) List of apparatus [1 mark] Torch light, white screen red filter, a blue filter, a green filter and _________________
iii) Tabulation of data [1 mark] primary colour filter Mv_________________________ colour light passes through Rv____________________________

blue filter red filter Green filter

iv)

Procedure
White screen

[4 marks]

Red filter

1) Set up the apparatus above (by using red filter) 2) Observe the (rv) colour light passes through 3) Repeat the step 1 to 2 by using blue and green filter.

1 The melting point of an ionic substance is higher than a molecular substance. You are given lead bromide, naphthalene, thermometer, crucible and other apparatus. Carry out an experiment to prove the statement. Your answer should include the following:
(a) Hypothesis of experiment. The melting point of an ionic substance is higher than a molecular substance.

 (b) (i) Aim of experiment. To show that the melting point of lead bromide is higher than the melting point of naphthalene. (ii) List all variables. Manipulated variable : Lead bromide and naphthalene. Responding variable : Melting point Constant variable : Mass of substance heated. (iii)Apparatus and materials lead bromide, naphthalene, thermometer, crucible and Bunsen Burner

(iv)Procedure.

1. Setup the apparatus as above. 2. Observe the melting point of lead bromide. 3. Repeat the step 1 until 2 by using napthalene. (iv) Data tabulation. Substance Lead bromide Melting point (oC)

Naphthalene

Question 11 and 12 (Understanding and application of Thinking Strategies i.e making decisions, conceptualizing and problem solving.) (a) State four differences between voluntary actions and involuntary action.
Voluntary actions Conscious The response involves thinking ... cerebrum Controlled by the ................... Involuntary actions Unconscious The response without thinking ................................... Controlled by the Medulla oblongata ..................................................

The response can be control ....

The response cannot be control ........................

(b) Figure 1 below shows several activities conducted by a student.

Conducting an experiment Action Discussing Reading

Writing

Voluntary action

 Identify two common characteristics cerebrum 1. All the actions are controlled by______________________ Conscious 2. All the actions are under ___________________________

Develop initial concept cerebrum Actions controlled by ________________ and under Conscious ___________is voluntary action. (Notes :voluntary action must be at the end of the sentence)

 Give another example and one non-example in relation to the concept. Give a reason for each example. talking - Example : __________________________________________________ - Reason (common Control by cerebrum characteristic):________________________________________________

breathing - Non-example:________________________________________________ - Reason (common Control by medulla oblongata characteristic):________________________________________________

Explain the actual concept cerebrum Voluntary actions are controlled by ______________ and under Conscious . _____________

2 (a) Describe how the side-effects of excessive alcohol consumption affect the driving skill of a human. [4 marks] Answer: 1. Alcohol causes a poor judgment of distance 2. Alcohol causes a double vision 3. Alcohol slows down the nervous system as it affects body coordination and movement 4. Alcohol causes a person to lose self-control

(b) The figure below shows several effects on human health of the habit of excessive consumption of alcohol. Study the above effects. Describe how excessive consumption of alcohol may cause the above effects on human health. Your answer should be based on the following: Identify the information Answers: - Alcohol abuse may cause the brain size to shrink, lead to heart diseases, leading to dehydration

 Identify the common characteristics about excessive alcohol consumption Answers: 1. can causes great damage to the human body. 2. can slow down the nervous system
Give an example of another effect on human health and a non-health example on humans. Answer: Example of excessive alcohol consumption to human health is cirrhosis / gastritis / ulcers Non-example of excessive alcohol consumption to human health is social problem / accident

 State the concept related to the excessive alcohol consumption Answer : The concept related to the concept Excessive consumption of alcohol can causes great damage to the human body and can slow down the nervous system.

(a) A farmer finds the produce from his fruit farm increases. The fruit is sent to a factory to be processed. State two methods that can be used to process the fruit. Explain the methods. Answer: Two fruit processing methods: Canning 121 o C The fruits are heated until _______________ microorganism High temperature will killed _______________ and its spore ______________. last longer Fruits will _____________________________ Drying removed The water in the fruit is _______________________ Most microorganisms cannot live without _________ water

(b) The fruit farm is situated on hillsides. After several years soil erosion takes place on his farm. Explain how the farmer overcomes the soil problem on his farm. Your answer should include the following. Identify the problem Fruit farm on hillsides will suffer from Soil erosion ___________________. Clarification of the problem The soil erosion occur in his farm because his farm is on hillside located at the_______________.

 Solving methods more tree - Planting _________________trees to prevent the land from collapsing . cover - Planting _________________ crops to prevent soil erosion. wall - Building ____________________ at the side of the terrace to prevent the land from collapsing Choose the best method and explain your choice build wall __________________________________ because can soil erosion overcome _____________________

3 (a)The figures (a) and (b) show the formation of twins. Name the types of twins and state three differences about the types of twins [4 marks]
Figure (a) Identical twins One single ovum is fertilized by one sperm to form one zygote, then divides into two zygotes Two foetuses sharing one placenta Both have similar genetic content Figure (b) Non-identical twins Two ova are fertilized by two sperms, forming two zygotes

Two separate placentas, one for each foetus Both have different genetic content

(b) A normal married couple wishes to have a baby boy. Explain the mechanism of sex determination of a baby. Your answer should includes the following Identify which chromosome could determine the sex of a baby Answer: Sex chromosomes

Clarify the chromosomes which determine baby boy A baby which inherits a Y chromosome from its father, will be a boy. If it inherits a X chromosome from its father, it will be a girl.

 Draw the genetic chart for the sex determination in the baby

The percentage of getting a baby boy for the couple. The percentage of getting a boy is 50%.

4 (a) Define mutation and state the type of mutation .State two factors that cause mutation.[4 marks] (b)The figure below shows mutation which happens in the body cell of human.

Study the abnormalities caused by mutation above. Explain how you can built a concept based on the information in the figure above. Your explanation of the concept should include the following:

 Identify two common characteristics Answer: 1. Additional or deletion of one chromosomes in the human body cell. 2. The difference in the number of chromosomes occur during meiosis to produce gametes Develop initial concept Additional or deletion of one chromosomes in the human body cell and the difference in the number of chromosomes occur during meiosis to produce gametes is chromosomes mutation

 Give another example and a non-example in relation to the concept Other example - Klinefelter's syndrome Non-example - Albinism / colour blindness / sickle cell anaemia

Explain the actual concept Chromosomes mutation Additional or deletion of one chromosomes in the human body cell and the difference in the number of chromosomes occur during meiosis to produce gametes