SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

MAJOR Ir KAMARULZAMAN BIN MUSA (Retired)

ir.kamarul@yahoo.com 03-87831180

TERMINOLOGIES

SAFETY IS AN ATTITUTE, A FRAME OF MIND. IT IS THE AWARENESS OF ONES ENVIRONMENT AND ACTIONS ALL DAYS, EVERY DAY. SAFETY IS KNOWING WHAT IS GOING ON. KNOWING HOW TO PREVENT IT. TO DO THIS DOES NOT REQUIRE A GENIUS, A PHD OR EVEN A TITLE OR RANK.

ALL IT REQUIRES IS INTELLIGENCE AND RESONABLE AMOUNT OF NATIVE ABILITY -TO SEE, TO HEAR, TO SMELL AND TO THINK.

TERMINOLOGIES

SAFETY
The state of being safe: freedom from injury or danger
An individuals judgment or perception of risk

PENGENALAN
TERMS & DEFINITIONS

OSH Occupational Safety & Health DOSH Department of Occupational Safety & Health JKKP Jabatan Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan CIDB Construction Industry Development Board OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 FMA Factories & Machinery Act 1967 BOWECS Factories & Machinery (Building Operation & Works of Engineering Construction) (Safety) 1986

ACCIDENT
An accident is an unexpected, unplanned event in a sequence of events, that occurs through a combination of causes; It results in physical harm (injury or disease) to an individual, damage to property or environment, a loss or any combination of these effects

PENGENALAN
TERMS & DEFINITIONS

An INCIDENT is a near miss

A situation or event that occurred, usually minor and brings fear to people

Dangerous occurrence

TERMINOLOGIES

OHSAS 18001 : Occupational Health & Safety Accreditation Series 18001:1999

SHO: Safety and Health Officer SSS: Site Safety Supervisor GREEN BOOK: SHO Passport issued by DOSH YELLOW BOOK: SSS Passport issued by DOSH GREEN CARD: ID for construction workers issued by CIDB

What Is .. & Safety?

RISK chance@ probability of harm actually happening @ frequency of occurrence and its impact
(Risk - the probability (LIKELYHOOD) of the hazards to cause harm or injury).

HARM maybe defined as the adverse effect which may arise from exposure to hazard

INTRODUCTION
TERMS & DEFINITIONS

Danger : Relative exposure to hazards (i.e. controlled hazard is less dangerous than an uncontrolled one.) A sign of risk.
Hazard : anything (by itself or interacting with others) that is an actual or potential cause or source of harm. Hazard could means activity, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence, process, phenomenon, situation, or substances (e.g. chemicals, radiation, electricity etc)

CHEMICAL Dust Vapor Gas PHYSICAL Noise Radiation Temperature Lighting

PSYCHOSOCIAL
Work demand Shift work Stress
MECHANICAL Falls Entanglement

ELECTRICAL
Direct contact Electrostatic

BIOLOGICAL Bacteria Fungus Mould

Ergonomic
Repetitive work Lifting/handling Etc.

PENGENALAN
TERMS & DEFINITIONS

HI RA RC

Hazard Identification

Risk Assessment

Risk Control

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Look for hazards that could reasonably be expected to cause significant harm
Check list Walk through survey Brainstorming session Systematic studies (eg HAZOP) Signage's Observation & comparison

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Look for hazards that could reasonably be expected to cause significant harm
Complaints / Reports / Suggestion Consultations Inspections Audits Accident Investigation Analysis Workers safety knowledge

Hierarchy of Hazard Control

Elimination of the hazard Substitution of the hazard Isolation of the hazard by separating people from it Control of the hazard by engineering Control by applying safe work protocol Provision of training and information Provision of personal protective equipment

INTRODUCTION TO OSH

SAFETY SIGNAGES
A sign referring to a specific object, activity or situation and providing information or instruction about health and safety at work by means of : a signboard, a safety colour, an illuminated sign, an acoustic sign, & a verbal communication or a hand signal.

PENGENALAN

SAFETY SIGNAGES
A system of safety colours and signs is to draw attention to objects and situations, which affect, or could affect, health or safety.

PENGENALAN

HAND SIGNAL
Means a movement or the position of the arms or the hands or a combination, in coded form, for guiding persons who are carrying out manoeuvres which create a risk to the health and safety of people at work.

PENGENALAN

ACOUSTIC SIGNAL
Means coded sound signal which is released and transmitted by a device designed for the purpose, without the use of a human or artificial voice.

PENGENALAN

VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Means a predetermined spoken message communicated by a human or artificial voice.

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY SCENARIO IN MALAYSIA

JUMLAH KEMALANGAN DILAPOR DAN KEMALANGAN MAUT DITERIMA (Sumber : PERKESO dan JTK)
120,000 1,500

1,308
110,000

KEMALANGAN MAUT

1,291

1,292

1,337
1,300

1 0 8 ,4 1 8

1,135 1,042 1,012

1,092 993 9 8 ,2 8 1 907

1,073
1,100

100,000 KEM ALANGAN

90,000

9 5 ,2 2 2

900

8 9 ,0 4 9

8 8 ,3 8 9

8 7 ,3 8 9

8 1 ,0 0 3

80,000

8 3 ,5 1 3

700

7 0 ,6 9 0

70,000

7 7 ,7 4 2

500

60,000

6 8 ,0 0 8

300

50,000

100

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

M AUT

21

 Salient points from local experts

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

SAFETY FIRST-CONCEPT

HOW TO HELP THE CONTRACTORS TO MANAGE OSH?

STRATEGIC TRUST FOR OSH MANAGEMENT

COMMITTMENT

SPECIFICATION IN CONTRACTS

TENDER EVALUATION

GOOD CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

WELL TRAINED STAFF

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

The Concept

Before we go further

First, we have to understand

The Concept of Project Management & OSH Management

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

i -D
QUALITY

Project Management Wedge Principle

Construction on Paper
Econo mica Functio l & nal Quality De Techn sign & ologica l Quali Value ty Engine ering
Design Estim ates & Budgets

2-D
Construction in Practice
Techn ical Q uality Review Contract Ad min. & Cha nge Order

3-D

Project Controls

Cost

Master Bud get

Start Operations & Maintenance

Tender/Con

struction Budgets

Time

Master Programme

Detailed Design Schedules

Detailed Tender Schedules

Overall Interfacing Programme

Organization

Commissioning Phase Construction Phase

Acceptance Delivery

Information

Study & Definition Phase

Design Phase

Feasibility Study

es has tP Contract o j ec ll Pr Awarding ut a ho Final roug th Design king ma ionis Dec

Procurement Phase

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

SAFETY FIRST-CONCEPT

Knowing the construction Phases & Processes WHEN does UTAMAKAN KESELAMATAN Should Starts?

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

SAFETY FIRST WHEN?
CONSTRUCTION ON PAPER
INITIATIVE

CONSTRUCTION IN PRACTICE
ORGANIZATION

QUALITY
OPERATIONS &

COST TIME
CONSTRUCTION
PHASE

MAINTENANCE

COMMISSIONING

INFORMATION
STUDY PHASE

DESIGN PHASE
DELIVERY
CONTRACT AWARDING

ACCEPTANCE

FEASIBILITY STUDY

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

SAFETY FIRST-CONCEPT

In broader construction terms, safety (accident prevention/protection of lives and assets) must starts at project inception stage through project implementation, commissioning and decommissioning stage.

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

Good OSH Management (Cont..)
CONSTRUCTION ON PAPER

PRE CONSTRUCTION
(Tender Document)

CONSTRUCTION IN PRACTICE

CONSTRUCTION
(Contract Management)

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION
MUST CONSIDER OSH AS AN IMPORTANT AND PRIORITY IN THE WAY OF CONDUCTING BUSINESS UNDERSTAND & RECOGNISES OHS LEGAL OBLIGATIONS WITH REGARDS TO CONTRACTORS & SYSTEMS ARE DEVELOPED TO MANAGE THE PROCESS REQUIRED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT THERE IS AN APPROPIATE SYSTEM & CAN VERIFY ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN PRACTICE CONTRACTORS ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH CONTRACT SPECIFIC OSH REQUIREMENTS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION
LEGAL REQUIREMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS STANDARD RULES & REGULATIONS SAFETY MANAGER/SHO/SSS HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN SAFETY EQUIPMENT TRAINING FIRST AID WELFARE OF WORKERS SECURITY

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

STANDARD RULES AND REGULATIONS

COLOUR CODING SYSTEM ON SAFETY HELMETS PPE POLICY VISITORS POLICY SAFETY MANAGER/SHO/SSS HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN OTHER SAFETY EQUIPMENT SAFETY INDUCTION / TRAINING HOSPITAL/CLINIC/FIRST AID ROOM WELFARE OF WORKERS (Accommodations, sports) SECURITY

OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

CONSTRUCTION ON PAPER
INITIATIVE

CONSTRUCTION IN PRACTICE
ORGANIZATION

QUALITY
OPERATIONS &

COST TIME
CONSTRUCTION
PHASE

MAINTENANCE

COMMISSIONING

INFORMATION
STUDY PHASE

DESIGN PHASE
DELIVERY
CONTRACT AWARDING

ACCEPTANCE

FEASIBILITY STUDY

PENGURUSAN OSH DALAM PEMBINAAN

Organization -PROJECT HSSE DIVISION
HSSE GENERAL MANAGER

AUTHORITIES / CONSULTANT 2 X CLERK

HEALTH & SAFETY SECTION

SECURITY SECTION

ENVIRONMENT SECTION

HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGER

SECURITY MANAGER

ENVIRONMENT MANAGER

SAFETY OFFICER

SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION SH Organization in Construction Industry

3 levels of organizations
Client/owner Contractor head office Contractor project office

CLIENTS OFFICE

CLIENT

SAFETY COMMITTEE

PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT (PMC) SAFETY MANAGER (Planning Supervisor)

CORPORATE OFFICE CONTRACTOR

MAIN CONTRACTOR

SAFETY COMMITTEE (CORPORATE LEVEL)

SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGER (CORPORATE LEVEL)

OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

1.ORGANISATION BETWEEN HQ & PROJECT
PROJECT MANAGER SAFETY & HEALTH OFFICER
SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR

CEO / MD Management overlap

SAFETY MANAGER

FOREMAN PLANNING SUPERVISOR (cdm) DESIGNATED PERSON WORKERS SAFETY COMMITTEE Project Management-HQ Site Project Management

OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

2. OSH SYSTEM RELATIONSHIP - HQ & PROJECT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MANUAL SETS OF MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES FOR S&H POLICY ORGANISATION RISK ASESSMENT PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION AUDITING S&H WORKING INSTRUCTION S&H PROJECT PLAN Management overlap Project Management-HQ

PROJECT SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Site Project Management

PROJECT OFFICE CONTRACTOR

MAIN CONTRACTOR

SAFETY COMMITTEE (CORPORATE LEVEL)

SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGER (CORPORATE LEVEL)

PROJECT A

PROJECT B PROJECT C PROJECT D PROJECT E

SAFETY & HEALTH OFFICER (PROJECT LEVEL)

SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE (PROJECT LEVEL)

FIRST FIRST AIDER AIDER

DESIGNATED PERSON DESIGNATED PERSON Scaffolding Scaffolding Demolition Work Demolition Work Piling Works Piling Works Handling of Explosive Handling of Explosive Formwork Formwork Public Vehicular Public Vehicular Inspection of Safety Belt Inspection of Safety Belt Inspection of Safety Net Inspection of Safety Net

SITE SAFETY SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR

CRANE CRANE OPERATOR OPERATOR

SITE SUPERVISOR SITE SUPERVISOR FOREMEN FOREMEN

MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

CONFINE CONFINE SPACE SPACE WORKERS WORKERS REPRESENTATIVE REPRESENTATIVE CHRA // CHRA ASSESSOR ASSESSOR

Excavation Excavation

PPE Policy
MANDATORY: Safety shoes and hard hat to all personnel on site. Full Body Harness- work at a height of 3 meters or more Hand gloves to all rough, vibrates works and handling of chemical Safety glass/goggles/ face protection to all welding, cutting and dusty works. Respiratory protection- to all dusty job, involved chemical vapor Safety Belt not allow, only with special permission. Hearing protection to all noise more than 90 dBA

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

2.TENDER EVALUATION
VERIFICATION OF THE OPERATION OF THE OHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EVALUATION OF REPORTS ON THE TENDERERS HEALTH & SAFETY PERFORMANCE UNDERTAKING INTERVIEWS OR DISCUSSIONS WITH TENDERERS TO CONFIRM THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF CONTRACT OHS REQUIREMENTS EXAMINATION OF TENDERERS OHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

3. CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION B. WORKPLACE INSPECTIONS C. CONTRACT RECORDS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION A. Monitoring and Supervision

3. PROVIDING CONTRACTOR WITH ADVICE ON UNUSUAL OR UNEXPECTED RISKS AND FEEDBACK ON AREAS OF NON COMPLIANCE. THIS MAY ARISE FROM: INSPECTION UNDERTAKEN BY CLIENT/CONSULTANT (PMC) INSPECTIONS OR REPORTS FROM OTHER PARTIES (internal & external) consultant THE AUTHORITIES (DOSH, CIDB, DBKL,JKR etc) EXPERIENCE FROM SIMILAR CONTRACTS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION

1. REGULAR REVIEW OF CONTRACTOR OSH DOCUMENT SAFETY INDUCTION RECORDS PLANTS /MACHINES - MAINTENANCE/INSPECTION RECORDS HIRARC DOCUMENTS EMPLOYEE TRAINING/COMPETENCY RECORDS MINUTES OF SAFETY MEETING

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION

2. REGULAR SITE INSPECTION TO MONITOR COMPLIANCE WITH HEALTH & SAFETY PROCEDURES:
LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS CONFORMANCE WITH HIRARC CONFORMANCE WITH H&S PLAN CONFORMANCE WITH STANDARD

RULES & REGULATIONS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION B. Workplace Inspection

CONTRACT INSPECTION CHECKLIST GENERAL HEALTH & SAFETY (activities) INSPECTION CHECKLIST WHO SHOULD CARRY OUT INSPECTIONS ? FREQUENCY OF INSPECTIONS & AUDITS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION C. CONTRACT RECORDS

RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRARC) HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN CONTRACT DOCUMENTS HEALTH & SAFETY INSPECTION REPORTS MINUTES OF SAFETY & SITE MEETINGS INCIDENTS & ACCIDENTS INVESTIGATION REPORTS MONTHLY OHS PERFORMANCE REPORTS NON-CONFORMANCE REPORTS PHOTOGRAPHS & TEST RESULTS SITE INSTUCTIONS SITE DAIRY OR SAFETY DIARY

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION Contract Management

o A. OFFICE ADMINISTRATION
o o o o o o o o o o o o o HSSE Policy Safety Committee SHO, SSS & Designated Person Statutory Notification Safe Work Procedure HSSE Meeting Method Statement Permit To Work Security & Welfare Arrangement Induction & Training Promotion Inspection & Audit Environmental Arrangement

o Documentation

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION Contract Management B. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

Excavation/Trenches Piling Formwork/Rebar Concreting Temporary Structures Scaffolding Working at Height Working at Night Woodwork/Carpentry Blasting Demolition Welding Plant & Tools Lifting Operations Working Over Water ETC

THANK YOU