ပိဋကတ္သံုးပံုျမန္မာျပန္- ခုဒၵကနိကာယ္ ပါဠိေတာ္ျမန္မာျပန္

ck'uedum,f
O'gef;ygVdawmf
jrefrmjyef
-----earm w b*0awm t&[awm ormorK'/
1 - aAm"d0*f
2 - rkpvdE0*f
3 - eE0*f
4 - arCd,0*f
5 - aomP0*f
6 - ZpE0*f
7 - plV0*f
8 - yg#vd*grd,0*f
O'gef;ygVdawmf jrefrmjyef
rmwdum NyD;NyD/
------
ck'uedum,f
O'gef;ygVdawmf
jrefrmjyef
1 - aAm"d0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- yXraAm"dokwf
- 'kwd,aAm"dokwf
- wwd,aAm"dokwf
- [Hk[kuFokwf
- jAm[Pokwf
6 - r[muyokwf
7 - tZuvmyuokwf
8 - o*FgrZdokwf
9 - Z#dvokwf
10 - Am[d,okwf
------
2 - rkpvdE0*f
1 - rkpvdEo
kwf
2 - &mZokwf
3 - '@okwf
4 - oum&okwf
5 - Oygouokwf
6 - *AdeDokwf
7 - {uykwuokwf
8 - oky0gomokwf
9 - 0domcgokwf
10 - b'd,okwf
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
3 - eE0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- ur0dyguZokwf
- eEokwf
- ,aomZokwf
- om&dykwokwf
- r[marm*vmeokwf
6 - ydvdE0pokwf
7 - ouK'geokwf
8 - yd@ygwduokwf
9 - odyokwf
10 - avmuokwf
------
4 - arCd,0*f
1 - arCd,okwf
2 O'wokwf
3 - a*gygvuokwf
4 - ,uy[m&okwf
5 - em*okwf
6 - yda@mvokwf
7 - om&dykwokwf
8 - okE&Dokwf
9 - Oyaoeokwf
10 - om&dykwOyorokwf
------
5 - aomP0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- yd,w&okwf
- tyg,kuokwf
- okyAk'uk|dokwf
- ukrm&uokwf
- Oaygoxokwf
6 - aomPokwf
7 - ucFga&0wokwf
8 - oHCab'okwf
9 - o"m,rmeokwf
10 - plVyEuokwf
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
6 - ZpE0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- tm,kocFga&mZeokwf
- owZ#dvokwf
- ypa0uPokwf
- yXrememwdwd,okwf
- 'kwd,ememwdwd,okwf
6 - wwd,ememwdwd,okwf
7 - okblwdokwf
8 - *Pdumokwf
9 - Oygwd"m0Edokwf
10 - OyZEdokwf
------
7 - plV0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- yXrvuk@ubed,okwf
- 'kwd,vuk@ubed,okwf
- yXrowokwf
- 'kwd,owokwf
- ty&vuk@ub'd,okwf
6 - wPSmocF,okwf
7 - yyOc,okwf
8 - upmeokwf
9 - O'ygeokwf
10 - Oaweokwf
------
8 - yg#vd*grd,0*f
1
2
3
4
5
- yXredAmey#doH,kwokwf
- 'kwd,edAmey#doH,kwokwf
- wwd,edAmey#doH,kwokwf
- pwkwedAmey#doH,kwokwf
- pkEokwf
6 - yg#vd*grd,okwf
7 - 'Gd"myxokwf
8 - 0domcgokwf
9 - yXr'Aokwf
10 - 'kwd,'Aokwf
O'gef;ygVdawmf jrefrmjyef
rmwdum NyD;NyD/
------
ck'uedum,f
O'gef;ygVdawmf
jrefrmjyef
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======

1 - yXraAm"dokwf
1/ tuREfkyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;
jzpfawmfrlp Oka0vawm ae&&m jrpfurf;em; aAm"dyif\ teD; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum zvormywf orm"d csrf;omudk cHpm;vsuf
wpfxkdifwnf; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdckepf&uf udk vGefojzifh
xkd(t&[wzdkvf) zvormywf orm"drS xawmfrl nOfh\ yXr,mrfywfvHk; y#dporkyg'f
w&m;udk tEkvHktm;jzifh aumif;pGm ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\ (t0dZmpaom) taMumif;w&m; jzpfvwfaomf (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;onf
jzpf\/ (t0dZm paom) taMumif;w&m; jzpfjcif;aMumifh (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;onf
jzpfay:vm\/ ,if;taMumif; tusKd;wdkYum; rodrI ]t0dZm} aMumifh jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&} wdkY
jzpfukef\/ jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&} wdkYaMumifh y#doaE 0dnmPf jzpf\/ y#doaE 0dnmPfaMumifh
emrfkyfjzpf\/ emrfkyfaMumifh tm,weajcmufyg; ]oVm,we} jzpf\/ tm,we
ajcmufyg;aMumifh awGUxdrI ]z} jzpf\/ awGUxdrI ]z} aMumifh cHpm;rI ]a0'em} jzpf\/ cHpm;rI
]a0'em} aMumifh wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} jzpf\/ wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} aMumifh pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef}
jzpf\/ pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef} aMumifh jzpfaMumif; ]b0} jzpf\/ jzpfaMumif; ]b0} aMumifh
y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} jzpf\/ y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} aMumifh tdkrI ]Z&m} aorI ]r&P} pdk;&drfrI
]aomu} idka<u;rI ]y&da'0} udk,fqif;&JrI ]'ku} pdwfqif;&JrI ]a'gre} jyif;pGmyifyef;rI
]Oyg,mo} wdkY jzpfay:vmukef\/ odkYvQif tvHk;pHkaom qif;&Jtpkonf jzpfyGg;\[k (odkY
ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf (y#dporkyg'f) oabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuiftc: udavomudk ylyefapwwfaom vkHYv&Sdaom raumif;rIudk IdUNrdKufwwfaom
raumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;aom &[Emtm; pifppftm;jzifh (aAm"dyud,) w&m; (oHk;q,fhckepfyg;)
wdkYonf xif&Sm;jzpfay:vmukef\/ xkdtcg taMumif;ESifhwuG (y#dporkyg'f)w&m;udk tjym;
tm;jzifh odaomaMumifh xkdraumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;aom &[Em tm; ,HkrSm;jcif; tm;vHk;wdkYonf
uif;aysmufukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
2 - 'kwd,aAm"dokwf
2/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
bk&m;jzpfawmfrlp Oka0vawm ae&&m jrpfurf;em; aAm"dyif\ teD; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum zvormywf orm"dcsrf;omudk cHpm;vsuf
wpfxkdifwnf; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdckepf&ufudk vGefojzifh xkd
(t&[wzdkvf) zvormywf orm"drS xawmfrl nOfh\ rZdr,mrfywfvHk; y#dporkyg'f
w&m;udk y#dvHktm;jzifh aumif;pGm ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\ (t0dZmpaom) taMumif;w&m; rjzpfvwfaomf (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;onf
rjzpf? (t0dZm paom) taMumif;w&m; csKyfjcif;aMumifh (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;onf
csKyf\/ ,if;taMumif; tusKd;wdkY csKyfyHkum; rodrI ]t0dZm} csKyfjcif;aMumifh jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&}
csKyf\/ jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&} csKyfjcif;aMumifh y#doaE0dnmPf csKyf\/ y#doaE0dnmPf
csKyfjcif;aMumifh emrfkyf csKyf\/ emrfkyf csKyfjcif;aMumifh tm,we ajcmufyg; ]oVm,we}
csKyf\/ tm,weajcmufyg; csKyfjcif;aMumifh awGUxdrI ]z} csKyf\/ awGUxdrI ]z}
csKyfjcif;aMumifh cHpm;rI ]a0'em} csKyf\/ cHpm;rI ]a0'em} csKyfjcif;aMumifh wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm}
csKyf\/ wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} csKyfjcif;aMumifh pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef} csKyf\/ pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef}
csKyfjcif;aMumifh jzpfaMumif; ]b0} csKyf\/ jzpfaMumif; ]b0} csKyfjcif;aMumifh y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd}
csKyf\/ y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} csKyfjcif;aMumifh tdkrI ]Z&m} aorI ]r&P} pdk;&drfrI ]aomu} idka<u;rI
]y&da'0} udk,fqif;&JrI ]'ku} pdwfqif;&JrI ]a'gre} jyif;pGm yifyef;rI ]Oyg,mo} wdkY csKyfukef\/
odkYvQif tvHk;pHkaom qif;&Jtpkonf csKyfaysmuf\[k (odkY ESvHk; oGif;awmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf (y#dporkyg'f) oabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef ]]tMuiftc: udavomudk ylyefapwwfaom vkHYv&Sdaom raumif;rIudk IdUNrdKufwwfaom
raumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;aom &[Em tm; pifppftm;jzifh (aAm"dyud,) w&m; (oHk;q,fhckepfyg;)
wdkYonf xif&Sm;jzpfay:vmukef\/ xkdtcg t0dZm paom taMumif;w&m;wdkY\ ukef&m edAmefudk
odaomaMumifh xkdraumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;aom &[Emtm; ,HkrSm;jcif; tm;vHk;wdkYonf
uif;aysmufukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
3 - wwd,aAm"dokwf
3/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;
jzpfawmfrlp Oka0vawm ae&&m jrpfurf;em; aAm"dyif\ teD; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum zvormywf orm"dcsrf;omudk cHpm;vsuf
wpfxkdifwnf; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdckepf&ufudk vGefojzifh
xkd(t&[wzdkvf) zvormywf orm"drS xawmfrl nOfh\aemufqHk; ypdr,mrfywfvHk; y#dp
orkyg'fudk tEkvHk y#dvHktm;jzifh aumif;pGm ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\ (t0dZmpaom) taMumif;w&m; jzpfvwfaomf (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;onf
jzpf\/ (t0dZm paom) taMumif;w&m; jzpfjcif;aMumifh (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;
onf jzpf\/ (t0dZmpaom) taMumif;w&m; rjzpfvwfaomf (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;
onf rjzpf/ (t0dZmpaom) taMumif;w&m; csKyfjcif;aMumifh (ocFg&paom) tusKd;w&m;
onf csKyf\/ ,if;jzpfyHk csKyfyHkum; rodrI ]t0dZm} aMumifh jyKjyif pD&ifrI ]ocFg&} wdkY jzpfukef\/
jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&} wdkYaMumifh y#doaE0dnmPf jzpf\/ y#doaE 0dnmPfaMumifh emrfkyf jzpf\/
emrfkyfaMumifh tm,weajcmufyg; ]oVm,we} jzpf\/ tm,we ajcmufyg;aMumifh awGUxdrI
]z} jzpf\/ awGU xdrI ]z} aMumifh cHpm;rI ]a0'em} jzpf\/ cHpm;rI ]a0'em} aMumifh
wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} jzpf\/ wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} aMumifh pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef} jzpf\/ pGJvrf;rI
]Oyg'gef} aMumifh jzpfaMumif; ]b0} jzpf\/ jzpfaMumif; ]b0} aMumifh y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} jzpf\/
y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} aMumifh tdkrI ]Z&m} aorI ]r&P} pdk;&drfrI ]aomu} idka<u;rI ]y&da'0}
udk,fqif;&JrI ]'ku} pdwfqif;&JrI ]a'gre} wdkY jzpfay:ukef\/ odkYvQif tvHk;pHkaom
qif;&Jtpkonf jzpfyGg;\/
rodrI ]t0dZm} \omvQif t&[wr*fjzifh <uif;rJh csKyfjcif;aMumifh jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&}
csKyf\/ jyKjyifpD&ifrI ]ocFg&} csKyfjcif;aMumifh y#doaE0dnmPf csKyf\/ y#doaE0dnmPf
csKyfjcif;aMumifh emrfkyf csKyf\/ emrfkyf csKyfjcif;aMumifh tm,weajcmufyg; ]oVm,we}
csKyf\/ tm,we csKyfjcif;aMumifh awGUxdrI ]z} csKyf\/ awGUxdrI ]z} csKyfjcif;aMumifh
cHpm;rI ]a0'em} csKyf\/ cHpm;rI ]a0'em} csKyfjcif;aMumifh wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} csKyf\/
wyfESpfoufrI ]wPSm} csKyfjcif;aMumifh pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef} csKyf\/ pGJvrf;rI ]Oyg'gef} csKyfjcif;aMumifh
jzpfaMumif; ]b0} csKyf\/ jzpfaMumif; ]b0} csKyfjcif;aMumifh y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} csKyf\/
y#doaEaerI ]Zmwd} csKyfjcif;aMumifh tdkrI ]Z&m} aorI ]r&P} pdk;&drfrI ]aomu} idka<u;rI ]y&da'0}
udk,fqif;&JrI ]'ku} pdwfqif;&JrI ]a'gre} jyif;pGm yifyef;rI ]Oyg,mo} wdkYcsKyfukef\/
odkYvQif tvHk;pHkaom qif;&Jtpkonf csKyf\[k (odkY ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf (y#dporkyg'f) oabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuiftcg udavomudk ylyefapwwfaom vkHYv&Sdaom raumif;rIudk IdUNrdKufwwfaom
raumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;aom &[Em tm; pifppftm;jzifh (aAm"dyud,) w&m; (oHk;q,fhckepfyg;)
wdkYonf xif&Sm;jzpfay:vmukef\/ xkdtcg aumif;uifudk awmufyapaom aerif;onf
trdkufwkdufudk zsufqD;vsuf wnfae ouJhodkY xkd&[Emonf rm&fppfonfudk zsufqD;vsuf

wnf\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
4 - [Hk[kuFokwf
4/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;
jzpfawmfrlp Oka0vawm ae&&mjrpfurf;em; tZygvanmifyif\ teD; aeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum zvormywf orm"dcsrf;omudk
cHpm;vsuf wpfxkdifwnf; xkdifaeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m; onf xkdckepf&ufudk vGefojzifh
xkd (t&[wzdkvf) zvormywf orm"drS xawmfrl\/
xkdtcgw[kef;[kef; rmefrljcif;udk jyKwwfaom oabm&Sdaom ykPm; wpfa,mufonf
jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifhtwl 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om EIwfqufajymqdkNyD;vQif
wpfckaomae&m &yfwnfvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifa*gwr tb,frQjzifh jAm[P
jzpfygoenf; jAm[Ptjzpfudk jyKwwfaomw&m;wdkY um; tb,fwdkYygenf;}} [k avQmuf\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf jyem\ teuft"dyg,fudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef]]tMuifolonf raumif;rIudk tyjyKNyD; jzpf\/ w[kef;[kef; rmefrljcif;oabm r&Sd?
udavom[laom zef&nf r&Sd? bm0emudk pD;jzef;tm;xkwfaom pdwf&Sd\/ odjcif;\tqHk;
t&[wzdkvfodkY a&muf\/ jrwfaomtusifhudk usifhoHk;NyD; jzpf\/ xkdyk*dKvfonfom
jAm[Prnf\/ xkdjAm[Ponf ([kwfrSefaom) oabmjzifh jrwfaom pum;udkvnf; qdk&m\/
tMuifyk*dKvfonf avmu0,f wpfpHkwpf&m tmHk wyfrufrI ponf wkd;yGg;jcif; r&Sd?
xkdyk*dKvfonfom [kwfrSefaom oabmjzifh ig jAm[P[k ajymqdk xkduf\[k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
5 - jAm[Pokwf
5/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
toQifom&dykMwm toQifr[m arm*vmef toQifr[muy toQifr[mupm,e
toQifr[maum|du toQifr[muyde toQifr[mpkE toQiftEkk'g toQifa&0wESifh
toQifeE wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfMuukef\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdtoQifjrwfwdkY vmMuonfudk ta0;uyifjrif &[ef;wdkYtm;
]]&[ef;wdkY jAm[P jzpfaom xkdolwdkYonf vmMuukef\/ &[ef;wdkY jAm[Pjzpfaom
xkdolwdkYonf vmMuukef\}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ odkY rdefYawmfrlaomf jAm[PZmwf&Sdaom
&[ef;wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; tb,frQjzifh jAm[P rnfygoenf;
jAm[Ptjzpfudk jyKwwfaom w&m;wdkYum; tb,f rQwdkYygenf;}} [k avQmuf\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdjyem\ teuft"dyg,fudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuifyk*dKvf wdkYonf raumif;rIw&m;wdkYudk tyjyKNyD;jzpfvsuf tcg cyfodrf; owd
&Sdukefonfjzpf oGm;vmaexkdifukef\/ oHa,mZOf ukefcef;NyD; opmav;yg;udk odNyD;
jzpfukefaom xkdyk*dKvfwdkYom avmu trSefpifppf jAm[PwdkY rnfukef\}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
6 - r[muyokwf
6/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*dK[fjynf
&SOfheufwdkYtm; tpmauR; arG;&mjzpfaom a0VK0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
toQifr[muyonf rusef;rrm temESdyfpufonfjzpf qif;&Jjcif;odkY a&mufvsuf
ydyvdvdkPf*l aeawmfrl\/ xdkYaemuf tcgwpfyg; toQifr[muyonf xkdtemrS
xajrmuf\/ xkdtemrS xajrmufNyD;aom toQifr[muytm; ]]igonf &mZN*dK[fjynfodkY
qGrf;cH0if&rl aumif;avpG}} [k tMuHjzpf\/
xkdtcg ewforD;ig;&mwdkYonf toQifr[muy\ qGrf;&a&;twGuf (qGrf;avmif;&ef)
aMumifhMu pkdufae Muukef\/ xkdtcg toQifr[muyonf xkdewforD;ig;&mwdkYudk y,fum
eHeuftcg ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifNyD;vQif &mZN*dK[fjynf qif;&Jom;
&yfuGuf vrf;c&D; cdkudk;&mrJhwdkY &yfuGuf vrf;c&D; &ufuef;onf &yfuGuf vrf;c&D;odkY qGrf;cH
0ifawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*dK[fjynf qif;&Jom; &yfuGuf vrf;c&D; cdkudk;&mrJhwdkY
&yfuGuf vrf;c&D; &ufuef;onf &yfuGuf vrf;c&D;odkY qGrf;cHvSnfhvnfaom toQifr[m
uyudk jrifawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdktaMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef]]olwpfyg;wdkY arG;jrLrI rcHrl (vmbfylaZmfoumtwGuf rdrdudk,fudk) xif&Sm;atmif rjyKaom
aÈwdkYudk qHk;rNyD; t&[wzdkvf[laom tESpfom& wnfaom tmoa0g ukefcef;NyD;
tjypfa'goudk axG;tefNyD;aom &[Emyk*dKvfudk jAm[P[k igbk&m;a[m\}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
7 - tZuvmyuokwf
7/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf yg0gjynf
tZuvmyu bDvl;ae&m tZuvmyuewfuGef; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvGefarSmifrdkufaom nOfh0,f vGifwD;acgif aeawmfrl\/ rdk;onfvnf;
wpfaygufwpfayguf &Gmus\/ xkdtcg tZuvmyubDvl; onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; aMumufjcif;
wkefvIyfjcif; MuufoD;arG;nif; xjcif;udk jzpfapvdkaomaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m; xHodkY csOf;uyf
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0;t&yf ]]tuKv yuKv}} [k oHk;Budrfwkdifwkdif ]]&[ef; olonf
oif\ tom;udk pm;wwfaom bDvl;wnf;}} [k tuKv yuKv toH (bDvl;Budrf; Budrf;oH) udk
jyK\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdkbDvl;oabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef- ]]tMuiftcg
&[Emyk*dKvf onf rdrd\ oDv orm"dpaom w&m;wdkY wpfzufurf;odkY a&muf\/ xkdtcg
jytyfaom aMumufrufzG,f bDvl;kyfudk vnf;aumif;? tuKv yuKv (Budrf;0g;oH)
udkvnf;aumif; vGefajrmufEdkif\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
8 - o*FgrZdokwf
temxydPfolaX; \ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
toQifo*FgrZdonf om0wdjynfodkY jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;ajrmfjcif;iSg a&mufvm\/ toQifo*FgrZd
\ r,m;a[mif;onf ]]toQifo*FgrZdonf om0wd jynfodkY a&mufvmonf}} [k Mum;
om;i,frsm;udk ac:,lvsuf aZw0efausmif;odkY oGm;\/
xkdtcg toQifo*FgrZdonf opfyifwpfyif\ t&if; aeYoefYpifjcif;jzifh xkdifaeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg toQif o*FgrZd\ r,m;a[mif;onf toQifo*FgrZdxHodkY csOf;uyf toQifo*FgrZdtm;
]]&[ef; om;i,f&Sdaom uRefawmfrudk vkyfauR;ygavmh}} [k pum;udk avQmuf\/ odkY
avQmufavaomf toQifo*FgrZdonf qdwfqdwfae\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQifo*FgrZd\ r,m;a[mif;onf toQifo*FgrZdtm; ]]&[ef;
om;i,f&Sdaom uRefawmfrudk vkyfauR;ygavmh}} [k avQmuf\/ ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQif
o*FgrZdonf qdwfqdwfae\/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQifo*FgrZd\ r,m;a[mif;onf toQifo*FgrZdtm; ]]&[ef;
om;i,f&Sdaom uRefawmfrudk vkyfauR;ygavmh}} [k avQmuf\/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQif
o*FgrZdonf qdwfqdwfae\/
xkdtcg toQifo*FgrZd\ r,m;a[mif;onf xkduav;udk toQifo*FgrZd\ a&SU csxm;
]]&[ef; uav;onf oif\om;wnf;/ xkdom;udk vkyfauR;avmh}} [k (qdkum) zJoGm;av\/
xkdtcg toQifo*FgrZdonf xkduav;udk Munfv
h nf; rMunfh? pum;vnf; rajym? xkdtcg
toQifo*FgrZd\ r,m;a[mif;onf reD;ra0;t&yfodkY a&muf jyefMunfhvwfaomf xkduav;udk
Munfhvnf;rMunfh? pum;vnf; rajymaom toQifo*FgrZdudk jrifaomaMumifh ]]&[ef;onf
om;jzifhvnf; tvdkr&Sd[k xkdr,m;a[mif;tm; tMuHjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh jyefvSnfh uav;udk
ac:,lNyD;vQif zJoGm;av\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf txl;ojzifh pifMu,faom vlwdkY\ rsufpdtjrifudk
vGefaom ewfrsufpdESifh wlaom ]'dApuK} Pfrsufpdjzifh toQifo*FgrZd r,m;a[mif;\
azmufjyefyHk oabmudk jrifawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf teuf oabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef- ]]vmaom
r,m;a[mif;udk rESpfouf? jyefoGm;onfudk rpdk;&drf? uyfNid wG,fwmjcif;rS vGwfaom
o*FgrZd&[ef;udk jAm[P (&[Em) [k igbk&m; a[m\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
9 - Z#dvokwf
9/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf *,mNrdKU
*,moDoawmif oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom &aohwdkYonf csrf;at;ukefaom
aqmif;Owk nOfhtcgwGif (wydkYwGJ waygif;vwd\
kY ) tMum; &SpfnOfhwdkY0,f qD;ESif;us&mtcg
]]tusifhjzifh pifMu,f\}} [k *,mqdyf ikyfvnf; ikyfMuukef\/ ay:vnf; ay:Muukef\/
ikyfjcif; ay:jcif;udkvnf; jyKMuukef\/ (a&jzifh) cyf (rdrdudk,fudk) vnf; oGef;avmif;Muukef\/
rD;udkvnf; ylaZmfMuukef\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf csrf;at;aom aqmif;Owk nOfhtcgwGif (wydkYwGJ waygif;vwdkY\)
tMum; &SpfnOfhwdkY0,f qD;ESif;us&m tcg ]]tusifhjzifh pifMu,f\}} [k *,mqdyf
ikyfvnf;ikyf ay:vnf; ay:Muukefaom ikyfjcif; ay:jcif;udkvnf; jyKMuukefaom a&jzifhvnf;
cyf (rdrdudk,fudk) vnf; oGef;avmif;Muukefaom rD;udkvnf; ylaZmfMuukefaom xkdrsm;pGmaom
&aohwdkYudk jrifawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf teufoabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]*,mjrpfqdyf rsm;pGmaom vltaygif;onf a&csKd;\/ a&aMumifh pifMu,fjcif;um; rjzpfEdkif?
tMuifyk*dKvf opmonf vnf; aumif; r*fzdkvfw&m;onf vnf;aumif; &Sd\/ xkdkyk*dKvfonf
pifMu,f\/ xkdyk*dKvfonfom jAm[P (&[Em) rnf\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======
10 - Am[d,okwf
opfom;ysOfcsyf 0wfaomaMumifh 'gkpD&d,rnfaom Am[d,onf kdaojcif; av;jrwfjcif;
jrwfEdk;jcif; ylaZmfjcif; wkyf0yfjcif;udk cH,lvsuf ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh
aq;toHk;taqmifudk &onfjzpf ork'&murf;ajc okyg&uqdyf ae\/ xkdtcg
'gkpD&d,rnfaom Am[d,tm; qdwfNidrf&modkY uyf wpfa,mufwnf; udef;atmif;&m
]]avmu &[EmwdkYonf vnf;aumif;? t&[wr*fodkY a&mufMuaom olwdkYonf vnf;aumif;
&Sdukef\/ igonf xkdolwdkYwGif wpfa,muf tygt0ifwnf;}} [k odkY pdwftMuHonf jzpf\/
xkdtcg Am[d,\ a&S;b0u aqGrsKd;awmfzl;aom ewfom;onf apmifha&Smufvdkonf
tpD;tyGg;udk tvdk &Sdonfjzpf opfom; t0wf0wfaom Am[d,\ pdwftMuHudk rdrdpdwfjzifh
odaomaMumifh opfom; t0wf 0wfaom Am[d,&Sd&modkY csOf;uyf opfom; t0wf0wfaom
Am[d,udk ]]Am[d, oifonf &[Emvnf; r[kwf? t&[wr*fodkY a&mufolvnf; r[kwf?
tMuiftusifhjzifh oifonf &[Emvnf; jzpf&m\/ t&[wr*f odkYvnf; a&muf&m\/ oifhtm;
xkdtusifhrQaomfvnf; r&Sd}} [k pum;udk ajymqdk\/
xkdtcg Am[d,onf ewfom;tm; ewfESifhwuGaom avmu &[Emonf vnf;aumif;?
t&[wr*fodkY a&mufaom olwdkYonf vnf;aumif; tb,ft&yf aeMuukefoenf;[k
(ar;av\)/ Am[d, Ow&wkdif; Zeyk'fwdkY om0wdrnfaom NrdKUonf&Sd\/ xkdom0wdNrdKU
ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom (tvkH;pkHaom w&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwdkifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg aeawmfrl\/ Am[d, xkdjrwfpGmbk&m; onf &[Emvnf;[kwf\/
&[Em jzpfjcif;iSg w&m;udkvnf; a[m\[k (ajymav\)/
xkdtcg opfom; ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,onf xkdewfom;\ xdwfvefYaprIaMumifh
xkdcPyif okyg&u qdyfurf;rS zJoGm;av\/ c&D;tm;vHk;wdkY wpfnOfhtdyfaejcif;jzifh
om0wdjynf temxydPfolaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif;odkY a&muf\/ xkdtcg rsm;pGm
aom &[ef;wdkYonf vGifwD;acgif pMuoGm;ukef\/ xkdtcg opfom;ysOfcsyf 0wfaom
Am[d,onf xkd&[ef;wdkY &Sd&modkY csOf;uyf xkd&[ef;wdkYudk ]]toQifbk&m;wdkY ylaZmftxl;udk
cHawmfrlxkdufaom (tvkH;pkHaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwdkifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
,cktcg tb,frSm aeygoenf; tvkH;pkHaom w&m;wdkYudk udk,fwdkifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom
ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;jrifvdkygukef\}} [k avQmufxm;\/
Am[d,jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qGrf; tvdkYiSg &GmwGif;odkY 0ifawmfrl\[k (ajymqdkukef\)/
xkdtcg opfom;ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,onf vsifjrefaom oabm&Sdum aZw0ef
ausmif;awmfrS xGuf om0wdNrdKUodkY 0ifvwfaomf MunfndKzG,f&Sdaom MunfndKzG,fudk aqmif
aom Nidrfoufaom aÈ&Sdaom Nidrf;at; aom pdwf&Sdaom jrwfaom 'rx orxodkY
a&mufaom ,Ofaus;aom vHkjcHKaom &[ef; aÈ&Sdaom &[Em jzpfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
om0wdNrdKU qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfonfudk jrifaomaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sd&modkY csOf;uyf
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;jzifhwkduf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; tMuif

w&m;awmfonf wynfhawmf\ &SnfMumpGmaom aeYnOfhywfvHk; tpD;tyGg; tvdkYiSg csrf;om
tvdkYiSg jzpf\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wynfhawmftm; xkdw&m;udk a[mawmfrlygavmh?
aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrl wwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m; xkdw&m;udk wynfhawmftm;
a[mawmfrlygavmh}} [k pum;udk avQmufxm;\/ odkY avQmufxm;vwfaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf opfom; ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,udk ]]Am[d, tcgr[kwfao;? qGrf; tvdkYiSg &GmwGif;odkY
0ifae\}} [k pum;udk rdefYawmfrl\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; opfom;ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m;
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ touftE&m,fwdkYudk vnf;aumif;? wynfhawmf\ touftE&m,fwdkYudk
vnf;aumif; odEdkifcJyg\/ tMuif w&m;awmfonf wynfhawmf\ &SnfMumpGmaom
aeYnOfhywfvHk; tpD;tyGg; tvdkYiSg csrf;om tvdkYiSg jzpf\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
wynfhawmftm; xkdw&m;udk a[mawmfrlygavmh? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmf rlwwfaom
jrwfpGmbk&m; xkdw&m;udk wynfhawmftm; a[mawmfrlygavmh}} [k pum;udk avQmufxm;\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf opfom;ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,udk ]]Am[d,
tcgr[kwfao;? &GmwGif;odkY qGrf;tvdkYiSg 0ifae\}} [k pum;udk rdefYawmfrl\/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; opfom;ysOfcsyf0wfaom Am[d,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m;
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ touftE&m,fwdkYudk vnf;aumif; wynfhawmf\ touftE&m,fwdkYudk
vnf;aumif; odEdkifcJyg\/ tMuif w&m;awmfonf wynfhawmf\ &SnfMumpGmaom aeYnOfh
ywfvHk; tpD;tyGg; tvdkYiSg csrf;om tvdkYiSg jzpf\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wynfhawmf
tm; w&m;udk a[mawmfrlygavmh? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmf rlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;
w&m;udk wynfhawmftm; a[mawmfrlygavmh}} [k pum;udk avQmufxm;\/
xkdodkY jzpfvQif Am[d, oifonf odkY usifhtyf\ ]]jrif&m jrifumrQ jzpfvwHU/ Mum;&m
Mum;umrQ jzpfvwHU/ awGU&m awGUumrQ jzpfvwHU/ od&m odumrQ jzpfvwHU}} [k odkY
oifonf usifhtyf\/ Am[d, tMuiftcg oifonf jrif&m jrifumrQ jzpfvwHU/ Mum;&m
Mum;umrQ jzpfvwHU/ awGU&m awGUumrQ jzpfvwHU/ od&m odumrQ jzpfvwHU/ Am[d, xkdtcg
oifonf xkd&m* ponfESifhwuG rjzpfvwHU/ Am[d, tMuiftcg oifonf xkd&m*
ponfESifhwuG rjzpfvwHU/ Am[d, xkdtcg oifonf xkdlygHk ponf (ESpfoufrI jypfrSm;rI
awGa0rI) rjzpfvwHU/ Am[d, tMuiftcg xkdlygHk ponf (ESpfoufrI jypfrSm;rI awGa0rI)
rjzpfvwHU/ Am[d, xkdtcg oifonf rsufarSmufb0 vnf;aumif;? wrvGefb0
vnf;aumif;? ESpfyg;pHkb0 vnf;aumif; rjzpfvwHU/ onfyifvQif qif;&J\ tqHk;wnf;[k
(a[mawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,rax&ftm; tusOf;jzpfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;
w&m;a[mjcif; jzifh xkdcPyifvQif rpGJvrf;rl tmoa0gw&m;wdkYrS pdwfonf vGwf\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,rax&fudk tusOf;
jzpfaom qHk;rjcif;jzifh qHk;r zJ<uawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m; zJ<u rMumrD EdkYpdkYom;i,f
&Sdaom EGm;ronf opfom; ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,rax&fudk a0SU ZD0dwdaÈrS cs\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdNrdKU qGrf;tvdkYiSg vSnfhvnf qGrf;cHNyD;onfrS aemuf
qGrf;cH&GmrS zJ<ucJhNyD;aomf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYESifhtwl om0wdNrdKUrS xGufawmfrl aoaom
opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,udk jrif &[ef;wdkYudk ]]&[ef;wdkY aqmif,lMuavmh?
opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,\ udk,faumifudk anmifapmif;ay:odkY wif xkwfaqmif

vsuf rD;IdUMuukefavmh? xkdAm[d,\ apwDudkvnf; jyKMuukefavmh? &[ef;wdkY oifwdkY\
oDwif;oHk;azmfonf ao\}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xkd&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ (pum;udk) 0efcH
opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,\ udk,faumifudk anmifapmif;ay:odkY wif
xkwfaqmifvsuf rD;IdU xkdAm[d,\ apwDudk vnf; jyKvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; wpfckaom t&yf aeMuukef\/ wpfckaom t&yf aeNyD;aom
xkd&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; opfom;ysOfcsyfudk 0wfaom Am[d,\
udk,faumifudk rD;IdUtyfygNyD/ xkdAm[d,\ apwDudkvnf; jyKtyfygNyD/ xkdAm[d,\ vm;&m
*wdum; tb,fygenf;?? a&S;Ia&muf&m wrvGefb0um; tb,fygenf;}} [k pum;udk
avQmufxm; ukef\/ &[ef;wdkY opfom;ysOfcsyf 0wfaom Am[d,onf ynm&Sd\/ avmukw&m
w&m;tm; avsmfaom tusifhudk usifh\/ w&m;wnf;[laom taMumif;aMumifh igbk&m;udk
rnOf;qJ/ &[ef;wdkY opfom;ysOfcsyf 0wfaom Am[d,onf y&dedAmefjyK\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf teufoabmudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuif
edAmef tmayg"mwfonf vnf;aumif;? yx0D"mwfonf vnf;aumif;? awaZm"mwfonf
vnf;aumif;? 0ga,m"mwf onf vnf;aumif; rwnfEdkif? xkdedAmef Mu,fwdkYonf
rawmufyukef/ aeonfvnf; rawmufy? vonfvnf; rawmufy? trdkufwkdufvnf; r&Sd/
tMuiftcg opmav;yg;udk odaomaMumifh rkedtrnf&aom &[Emyk*dKvfonf udk,fwdkif
edAmefudk od\/ edAmefudk odNyD;onfrS aemuf kyfrSvnf;aumif;? emrfrS vnf;aumif;?
csrf;omqif;&JrS vnf;aumif; vGwf\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
(jrwfpGmbk&m;onf O'gef;udkvnf; a[mawmfrl\[k tuREkfyf Mum;&zl;yg\)/
a&S;OD;pGmaom aAm"d0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
1 - rkpvdEokwf
11/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf-tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;
jzpfawmfrlp Oka0v awm ae&&mjrpfurf;em; usnf;yif&if; aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacG um zvormywfudk cHpm;vsuf wpfxdkifwnf;
aeawmfrl\/
xdktcg csrf;at;aomav ESdyfpufonfh ckepf&ufapGaomtcgrJh rdk;BuD;onf &GmoGef;\/
xdktcg rkpvdEe*g; rif;onf rdrdAdrmefrS xGufvmNyD;vQif ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;udk tat; tyl jcif rSuf
av aeyl a>r uif; oef;wdkY\ tawGUonf rjzpfygapvifh}} [k ESvHk;oGif; jrwfpGmbk&m;\
udk,fawmfudk tacGwdkYjzifh ckepfywf&pfywf OD;xdyfxuf BuD;pGmaom yg;ysOf;udk rdk;vsuf
wnfae\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdkckepf&ufudk vGefojzifhxdk (t&[wzdkvf) zvormywf
orm"drS x\/ xdktcg rkpvdEe*g;rif;onf aumif;uif wdrfwdkuf aysmufysuf uif;pifonfudk
od jrwfpGmbk&m; udk,fawmfrS tacGwdkYudk ajz rdrdtoGifudk y,fazsmufum vkviftoGifudk
zefqif;NyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk vuftkyfcsDum &Sdcdk;vsuf jrwfpGmbk&m; a&SUarSmuf &yfwnf\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef ]]r*fPfav;ygwnf; [laom a&mifh&Jjcif; &Sdonfjzpf xif&Sm;odNyD;aom w&m;&Sdonfh
cyfodrf;aom w&m;wdkYudk jrifaom &[Em yk*dKvftm; edAmef[laom 0da0uonf csrf;om\?
avmu trsufrxGufjcif;onf vnf;aumif;? ow0g taygif;wdkY (rnOf;qJrdatmif)
apmifhpnf;jcif;onf vnf;aumif; csrf;om\/
avmu umr*kPfwdkYudk vGefajrmufjcif;[k qdktyfaom pGJrufrI ]&m*} uif;onfh
tjzpfonf csrf;om\/ ig[laom rmefudk qHk;rEdkifjcif;onf pifppf tjrwfqHk; csrf;omjcif;
jzpf\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
2 - &mZokwf
12/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg
qGrf;cHNyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhMu w&m;obifr@yf pka0;xdkifaeMuukefaom rsm;pGmaom
&[ef;wdkYtm; ]]ighoQifwdkY r*"wdkif;&Sif bk&ifAdrdom& rif;onf vnf;aumif;? yaoe'Daumov
rif;onf vnf;aumif; rif;ESpfOD;wdkYwGif tb,frif;onf ydkvGef (ajr jrKyfxm;) rsm;aom
Opm &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom twGif;ty toHk;taqmif &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom
usDMu bPfwdkuf &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aomwdkif;jynf &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom qif
jrif;paom ,mOf&Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom ppfonfAdkvfyg &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef BuD;rm;aom
bkef;uH &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef BuD;aom wefcdk;tmEkabmf &Sdoenf;}} [k tMum;pum;onf
xif&Sm;jzpf\/
xdk&[ef;wdkY\ tMum;pum; rNyD;jywfao;rD jrwfpGmbk&m;onf naecsrf;tcg
(wpfyg;wnf;) udef;atmif; &mrS xawmfrl w&m;obifr@yfodkY csOf;uyfvsuf cif;xm;aom
ae&m xdkifawmfrlNyD;aomf &[ef;wdkYudk ]]&[ef;wdkY ,cktcg tb,fpum;jzifh pka0; xdkifaeMu
ukefoenf;/ pka0;xdkifaeukefaom oifwdkY\ rNyD;jywfao;aom tMum;pum;onf tb,fenf;}}
[k rdefYawmfrl\/
toQifbk&m; ae&m qGrf;cHNyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJ jyefvmMuukefaom wynfhawmf
wdkYtm; w&m; obifr@yf pka0;xdkifaeMuukefpOf ]]ighoQifwdkY r*"wdkif;&Sif bk&ifAdrdom&rif;
onf vnf;aumif;? yaoe'D aumovrif;onf vnf;aumif; rif;ESpfOD; wdkYwGif tb,frif;
onf ydkvGef (ajr jrKyfxm;) rsm;aom Opm &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom twGif;ty
toHk;taqmif &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom usDMubPfwdkuf &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom
wdkif;jynf &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGefrsm;aom qifjrif;paom ,mOf &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef rsm;aom
ppfonfAdkvfyg &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef BuD;rm;aom bkef;uH &Sdoenf;/ ydkvGef BuD;aom
wefcdk;tmEkabmf &Sdoenf;}} [k tMum;pum;onf jzpfyg\/ toQifbk&m; tuREkfyfwdkY\
tMum;pum; rNyD;jywfao;rD jrwfpGmbk&m; <uvmawmfrlyg\[k (avQmufukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY o'gw&m;jzifh vlUabmifrS &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf &[ef;jyKukefaom
trsKd;aumif;om; jzpfukefaom oifwdkYtm; odkY oabm&Sdaom pum;rsKd;udk ajymqdkjcif; onf
ravsmufywf? &[ef;wdkY pka0; aexdkifMuukefaom oifwdkYonf w&m;pum; ajymqdkrIudk vnf;
aumif;? jrwfaomqdwfqdwfaerIudk vnf;aumif; udpESpfyg;udkom jyKtyf\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]avmu umrcsrf;omonf vnf;aumif;? ewf jzpfaom csrf;omonf vnf;aumif;
csrf;omwdkYonf wPSmukef&m (zvormywf) csrf;om\ wpfq,fhajcmufpdwf pdwf
wpfpdwfudkrQ rrDEdkifukef}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
3 - '@okwf
rsm;pGmaom oli,fwdkYonf om0wdNrdKU ESifh aZw0efausmif;\ tMum; a>rudk wkwfjzifh dkufESuf
nOf;qJukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcg ouFef;udk jyif0wfawmfrl oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifawmfrlNyD;vQif om0wdNrdKUodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdNrdKUESifh
aZw0efausmif;\tMum; a>rudk wkwfjzifh dkufESuf nOf;qJMuaom rsm;pGmaom oli,fwdkYudk
jrifawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]tMuifolonf rdrd\ csrf;omudk &SmrSD;onf jzpf csrf;omudk tvdk&Sdukefaom ow0gwdkYudk
wkwfvSHuef ponfjzifh dkufESuf nOf;qJ\/ xdkolonf wrvGefb0 csrf;omudk r&Edkif/
tMuifolonf rdrd\ csrf;omudk &SmrSD;onfjzpf csrf;omudk tvdk&Sdukefaom ow0gwdkYudk
wkwfvSHuef ponfjzifh rdkufESuf rnOf;qJ? xdkolonfom wrvGefb0 csrf;omudk &Edkif\}} [k
O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
4 - oum&okwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,l&vsuf ouFef;
qGrf;ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmif wdkYudk &&Sd\/ &[ef;
oHCmonfvnf; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lMu&vsuf ouFef;
qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &\/
omoemawmfjyify jzpfaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonfum; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI
wkyf0yfrIudk rcH,lMu&ukefbJ ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHhjzpfaom
aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk r&&SdMu ukef/
xdktcg omoemawmfjyifyjzpfaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; vnf;aumif;?
&[ef;oHCmtm; vnf;aumif;? tdktao jyKonfudk onf;rcHEdkifMu aomaMumifh &Gm
vnf;aumif;? awm vnf;aumif; &[ef;wdkYudk jrifMuvQif ,kwfrmMurf;wrf;aom pum;wdkYjzifh
qJa&;ukef\/ Ncdrf;ajcmufukef\/ jcKwfjc,fukef\/ aESmifh,Sufukef\/ xdktcg rsm;pGmaom
&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; wpfckaom t&yf
xdkifMuNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmufukef\ ]]toQifbk&m; ,cktcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,l&vsuf ouFef;
qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd\/ &[ef;
oHCmonfvnf; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,l&vsuf ouFef;
qGrf; ausmif;olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd
omoemawmfrS jyifyjzpfaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonfum; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI
ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk rcH,lMu&bJ ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq;
toHk;taqmifwdkYudk r&&Sdukef/ toQifbk&m; omoemawmfrS jyifyjzpfaom xdkwdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf
jrwfpGmbk&m; tm; vnf;aumif;? &[ef; oHCmtm; vnf;aumif;? tdktaojyKonfudk
onf;rcHEdkifaomaMumifh &Gm vnf; aumif;? awm vnf;aumif; &[ef;wdkYudk jrifvQif
,kwfrmMurf;wrf;aom pum;wdkYjzifh qJa&;ukef\/ Ncdrf;ajcmuf ukef\/ jcKwfjc,fukef\/
aESmifh,Sufukef\[k (avQmufMuukef\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef- ]]&Gm
vnf;aumif;? awm vnf;aumif;? csrf;omqif;&JESifh awGUxdaomf csrf;om qif;&Jonf
rdrdaMumifh vnf;aumif;? olwpfyg; aMumifh vnf;aumif; jzpf\[k tpGJrxm;&m?
awGUxdjcif;wdkYonf cEmig;yg;udk pGJ awGUxdukef\/ cEmig;yg; r&Sdoludk tb,ftaMumif;aMumifh
awGUxdjcif;wdkYonf awGUxdEdkifukeftHhenf;}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
5 - Oygouokwf
pme*Fv&Gmom; Oygoum wpfa,mufonf om0wdjynfodkY wpfpHkwpfck jyKzG,fudpjzifh a&muf
vm\/ xdkYaemuf xdkOygoumonf om0wdNrdKU jyKzG,fudpudk NyD;pD;ap jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; wpfckaom t&yf xdkifae\/ wpfckaom t&yf
xdkifaeaom xdkOygoumtm; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]Oygoum ighxHodkY vmaom
tvSnfhtBudrfudk MumjrifhrS oif jyKbd\}} [k pum;udk rdefYawmfrl\/
toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;arQmf&ef csOf;uyfvdkonfrSm Mumjrifh
vSygNyD/ odkYaomfvnf; wynfhawmfonf xdkxdk jyKzG,ftrI BuD;i,fwdkYjzifh aMumifhMu&Sdyg\/
wynfhawmfonf odkY aMumifhMutm;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;arQmf&ef csOf;uyfjcif;iSg rpGrf;EdkifcJhyg
[k (avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]wpfq,fhajcmufcsuf r*fudpudk jyKNyD;jzpf tMum;tjrif rsm;vsuf wpfpHkwpfck aMumifhMurI
wpfpHkwpf&m r&Sdolonf trSefpifppf csrf;om\/ aMumifhMurI&Sd yifyef;jcif;odkY a&mufoludk
Iavmh? olwpfa,mufonf olwpfa,muf tay: wG,fwm pGJvrf;onf jzpf yifyef;\}} [k
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
6 - *AdeDokwf
wpfa,mufaom y&dAdkZf\ r,m;jzpfol y&dAdkZfri,fonf udk,f0ef&Sdvsuf om;zGm;csdef eD;\/
xdktcg y&dAdkZfronf xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;udk ]]ykPm; oif oGm;acsygavmh? ig om;zGm;&eftwGuf
qDudk aqmif,lacsygavmh}} [k ajymqdk\/
odkY ajymqdkaomf xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;onf xdky&dAdkZfrudk ]]&Sifr igonf tb,frS qDudk
aqmif,l&tHhenf;}} [k ajym\/ ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; xdky&dAdkZfronf xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;udk
]]ykPm; oif oGm;acsygavmh? ig om;zGm; &eftwGuf qDudk aqmif,lacsygavmh}} [k ajymqdk\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; xdky&dAdkZf a,mufsm;onf xdky&dAdkZfrudk ]]&Sifr igonf tb,frS qDudk
aqmif,l&tHhenf;}} [k ajymqdk\/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; xdky&dAdkZfronf xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;udk
]]ykPm; oif oGm;acsygavmh? ig om;zGm;&eftwGuf qDudk aqmif,lacsygavmh}} [k ajymqdk \/
xdktcg yaoe'Daumovrif;BuD;onf usDMub@mwdkuf0,f orPtm; vnf;aumif;?
jAm[Ptm; vnf;aumif; axmywfESifh qDudk tvdk&Sdwdkif; aomufjcif;iSg ay;vSL\/ aqmif,l
jcif;iSgum; ray;vSL/
xdktcg xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;tm; ]]yaoe'Daumovrif;\ usDMub@mwdkuf0,f orPtm;
vnf;aumif;? jAm[Ptm; vnf;aumif; axmywfESifh qDudk tvdk&Sdwdkif; aomufjcif;iSg
ay;vSL\/ aqmif,ljcif;iSgum; ray; vSL? igonf yaoe'Daumovrif;\ usDMub@mwdkufodkY
oGm; qDudk tvdk&Sdwdkif; aomufum tdrfodkY jyefNyD; vQif y&dAdkZfr om;zGm;&eftwGuf qDudk
tef ay;&ygrl aumif;avpG}} [k tMuHjzpf\/
xdkYaemuf xdky&dAdkZfa,mufsm;onf yaoe'Daumovrif;\ usDMub@mwdkufodkY oGm;
qDudk tvdk&Sdwdkif; aomufum tdrfodkY jyefNyD;vQif qDudk tefxkwfjcif;iSgvnf; rpGrf;Edkif?
(0rf;avQmusapjcif;iSgvnf;) rpGrf;Edkif? xdky&dAdkZf a,mufsm;onf xufjruf Murf;MuKwf
pyf&Sm;ukefaom qif;&Ja0'emwdkYjzifh awGUxdaomaMumifh udk,fudk xdkrS rS vl;vSdrfhae\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcg ouFef;udk jyif0wfawmfrl oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifNyD;vQif om0wdNrdKUodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xufjruf Murf;MuKwf ukef
aom pyf&Sm;ukefaom qif;&J a0'emwdkYjzifh awGUxdonfjzpf xdkrS rS vl;vSdrfhaeaom
xdky&dAdkZfudk jrifawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]aMumifhMurI r&SdolwdkYonf pifppf csrf;omukef\/ t&d,mr*fPfodkY a&mufolwdkYonf
aMumifhMurI r&Sdukef/ aMumifhMurI &Sd yifyef; jcif;odkY a&mufaomoludk Iavmh? olwpfa,muf
onf olwpfa,muftay: wG,fwm pGJvrf;onfjzpf yifyef;\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
7 - {uykwuokwf
Oygoumwpfa,muf\ cspftyf Espfouftyfaom wpfOD;wnf;aom om;onf uG,fvGefav\/
xdktcg pdkpGwfaom t0wf pdkpGwfaom qHyif&Sdukefaom rsm;pGmaom OygoumwdkYonf
aeYcif;csnf; tcsdef jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf
xdkifMuukef\/ wpfckaom t&yf xdkifMuaom xdkOygoumwdkYudk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]pdkpGwfaom
t0wf pdkpGwfaom qHyif&Sdukefaom OygoumwdkY oifwdkYonf tb,fhaMumifh ighxHodkY
aeYv,fcsnf; tcsdef csOf;uyfukef oenf;}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/
odkY rdefYawmfrlaomf xdkOygoumonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmf\
cspftyfESpfouf tyfaom wpfOD;wnf;aom om;onf uG,fvGefcJhyg\/ xdkYaMumifh pdkpGwfaom
t0wfpdkpGwfaom qH&Sdaom wynfhawmfwdkYonf aeY (rGef;wnfhcsdef) toQifbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyfygukef\}} [k avQmuf\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]cspftyfaom oabm&Sdaom lyuEm ponfwdkY om,mrIjzifh wyfrufMuaom ewftaygif;
wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? vltaygif;wdkYonf vnf;aumif; qif;&Jukefvsuf qkwf,kwfukef
aorif;\tvdkodkY vdkufygMu&ukef\/
tMuifyk*dKvfwdkYonf aeY vnf;aumif;? nOfh vnf;aumif; arhavsmhjcif; r&SdbJ
cspftyfaom oabm&Sd aom cEmig;yg;udk pGefYukef\/ xdkyk*dKvfwdkYonf vGefajrmufEdkifcJonfh
aorif;oHk;oyftyfaom 0#fqif;&J tjrpfudk wl;NzdKEdkifukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
8 - oky0gomokwf
18/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf uk@dumNrdKU
uk@"meawm oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepfESpf
ywfvHk; udk,f0ef aqmif&\/ ckepf&uf ywfvHk; udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;arm awGa0&\/
xdkoky0gomrif;orD;onf xufjrufMurf;MuKwf pyf&Sm;ukefaom qif;&Ja0'emwdkYjzifh awGUxdonf
&Sdaomf ]]tMuif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&Judk y,fjcif;iSg w&m;a[m\/
xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf udk,fawmfwdkif opmav;yg;udk xdk;xGif; odawmfrlaypGwum;? tMuif
oHCmawmfonf odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&Judk y,fjcif;iSg aumif;pGm usifhawmfrl\/
xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh oHCmawmfonf aumif;pGm usifhawmfrlaypGwum;? tMuif edAmef
odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&J r&Sd? xdkedAmef onf tvGefcsrf;omavpGwum;}} [k oHk;yg;aom
MuHpnfjcif;wdkYjzifh onf;cH\/
xdkYaemuf aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf cifyGef;onfudk ac: ]]t&Sifhom; oifonf
vmygavmh? jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf uRefr\ pum;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk
OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;ygavmh? tema&m*g uif;&Sif;jcif; qif;&Juif;jcif; vsifpGm xEdkifjcif; cGeftm;
&Sdjcif; csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udk ar;avQmufyg acsavmh/ ]toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD;
oky0gomonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;yg\/ tema&m*g uif;&Sif;jcif;
qif;&Juif;jcif; vsifpGmxEdkifjcif; cGeftm;&Sdjcif; csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udk ar;avQmufvdkuf yg\} [k
avQmufygavmh/ ]toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepfESpfywfvHk; udk,f0efudk
aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk; udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;armawGa0&\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf
xufjrufMurf;MuKwf pyf&Sm;ukefaom qif;&Ja0'emwdkYjzifh awGUxdaomtcg tMuif jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&Judk y,fjcif;iSg w&m;a[m\/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf
udk,fawmfwdkif opmav;yg;udk xdk;xGif; odawmfrl aypGwum;/ tMuif oHCmawmfonf odkY
oabm&Sdaom qif;&Judk y,fjcif;iSg aumif;pGm usifhawmfrl\/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh
oHCmawmfonf aumif;pGm usifhawmfrlaypGwum;/ tMuif edAmef odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&J
r&Sd? xdkedAmefonf tvGefcsrf;omavpGwum;} [k oHk;yg;aom MuHpnfjcif;wdkYjzifh onf;cH\[k
odkYvnf; avQmufygavmh}} [k qdk\/
xdkaumvd,rif;om;onf ]]aumif;NyD}} [k aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gom\ (pum;udk)
0efcH jrwfpGmbk&m; xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf xdkifum
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;yg\/ tema&m*g uif;&Sif;jcif; qif;&Juif;jcif;
vsifpGmxEdkifjcif; cGeftm;&Sdjcif; csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udk ar;avQmufvdkuf yg\/ ]toQifbk&m;
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepfESpfywfvHk; udk,f0efudk aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk;
udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;armawGa0&\/ xdkoky0gomrif;orD;onf xufjrufMurf;MuKwf pyf&Sm;
ukefaom qif;&J a0'emwdkYjzifh awGUxdaomtcg tMuif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf odkY oabm&Sdaom
qif;&Judk y,fjcif;iSg w&m;a[m \/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf udk,fawmfwdkif opmav;yg;udk
xdk;xGif; odawmfrl aypGwum;? tMuif oHCmawmf onf odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&Judk
y,fjcif;iSgaumif;pGm usifhawmfrl\/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh oHCmawmf onf aumif;pGm

usifhawmfrlaypGwum;? tMuif edAmef odkY oabm&Sdaom qif;&J r&Sd? xdkedAmefonf tvGef
csrf;omavpGwum;} [k oHk;yg;aom MuHpnfjcif;wdkYjzifh onf;cH\/ odkYvnf; avQmufvdkuf
yg\}} [k (avQmuf\)/
]]aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf a&m*gr&Sdrl csrf;omapownf;/ a&m*guif;aom
om;udk zGm;ap ownf;}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; rdefYqdkvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf a&m*g r&Sdrl csrf;ompGm a&m*guif;aom om;udk zGm;jrif
av\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xdkaumvd,rif;om;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk ESpfouf
0rf;ajrmuf ae&mrS xvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif tdktaojyKum rdrdtdrfodkY
jyefoGm;av\/ aumvd,rif;om;onf a&m*guif;aom om;udk zGm;jrifNyD;aom a&m*g r&Sdrl
csrf;omjcif;&Sdaom aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomudk jrif aumvd,rif;om;tm; odkY
tMuHjzpf\ ]]tcsif;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;\ BuD;aomwefcdk; BuD;aom tmEkabmf &Sdonf\ tjzpfonf
tHhzG,f&SdaypG? tcsif;wdkY rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaypG? jrwfpGmbk&m; rdefYqdkvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf a&m*g r&Sdrl csrf;ompGm a&m*guif;aom om;udk
zGm;jrif\}} [k ESpfvdkjcif; 0rf;ajrmufjcif; ESpfouf&Tifvef;jcif; jzpfav\/
xdkYaemuf aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf cifyGef;onfudk ac: ]]t&Sifhom; vmygOD;
avmh? jrwfpGmbk&m; xHodkY csOf;uyf uRefr\ pum;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk
OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;ygavmh ]toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\
ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;yg\}? ]toQifbk&m; aumvd, rif;orD; oky0gomonf
ckepfESpfywfvHk; udk,f0efudk aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk; udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;armawGa0 &\/
oky0gomrif;orD;onf a&m*gr&Sdrl csrf;ompGm a&m*guif;aom om;udk zGm;jrifyg\/
oky0gomrif;orD; onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCmudk qGrf;pm;yifhzdwfyg\/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;oHCmESifh twlwuG aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gom\
qGrf;wdkYudk ckepf&ufywfvHk; onf;cH om,mawmfrlyg} [k odkYvnf; avQmufxm;avmh}} [k
ajymqdk\/
aumvd,rif;om;onf ]]aumif;NyD}} [k aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gom\ pum;udk 0efcH
jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf xdkifNyD;aomf
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf \/
toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;acgif;jzifh
&Sdcdk;yg\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepfESpfywfvHk; udk,f0efudk
aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk; udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;armawGa0yg\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf a&m*g
r&Sdrl csrf;ompGm a&m*guif;aom om;udk zGm;jrif\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk;
bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCmudk qGrf;pm;yifhzdwfyg\/ toQifbk&m;onf &[ef;oHCmESifh
twlwuG aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gom\ qGrf;wdkYudk ckepf&ufywfvHk; onf;cH om,mawmfrlyg}}
[k odkYvnf; avQmufvdkufyg\[k (odkY avQmuf\)/
xdktcg wpfa,mufaom Oygoumonf bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCmudk eufjzef tvdkYiSg
qGrf;pm;yifh zdwfxm;NyD; jzpf\/ xdkOygoumonfum; toQifr[marm*vmef\ tvkyftauR;
jzpf\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; onf toQifr[marm*vmefudk ac: ]]arm*vmef vmOD;avmh?
OygoumxHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif xdkOygoumudk odkY ajymqdkavmh ]Oygoum aumvd,rif;orD;

oky0gomonf ckepfESpfywfvHk; udk,f0efudk aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk; udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;arm
awGa0&\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf ,cktcg a&m*gr&Sdrl csrf;ompGm a&m*guif;aom om;udk
zGm;jrif\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCmudk qGrf;pm;
yifhzdwf\/ aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepf&ufywfvHk; qGrf;auR;ygap? oifum; aemufrS
auR;yg} [k ajymacsavmh? Oygoumonf oif\ tvkyftauR;wnf;}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQifr[marm*vmefonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk
0efcH OygoumxHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif xdkOygoumudk odkY rdefYqdk\ ]]Oygoum
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepfESpfwdkYywfvHk; udk,f0efudk aqmif&\/ ckepf&ufywfvHk;
udk,f0efaMumifh rdef;armawGa0\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf ,cktcg a&m*gr&Sdrl csrf;ompGm
a&m*guif;aom om;udk zGm;jrif\/ oky0gomrif;orD;onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; bk&m;trSL; &Sdaom
&[ef;oHCmudk qGrf;pm;yifhzdwf\/ aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepf&ufywfvHk; qGrf;auR;
ygap? oifum; aemufrS auR;yg}} [k odkY (rdefYqdk\)/
toQifbk&m; toQifr[marm*vmefonf wynfhawmf\ pnf;pdrfOpmudk vnf;aumif;?
toufudk vnf; aumif;? o'gw&m;udk vnf;aumif; oHk;yg;aom w&m;wdkYudk tmrcHEdkifygrl
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepf&ufywfvHk; qGrf;auR;ygap? wynfhawmfum; aemufrS
auR;ygrnf[k (avQmuf\)/ Oygoum xdkw&m;oHk;yg; wdkYwGif pnf;pdrfOpmudk vnf;aumif;?
toufudk vnf;aumif; ESpfyg;aom w&m;wdkYudk ig tmrcHEdkif\/ o'g w&m;udkrlum;
oifonfyifvQif tmrcHavmh[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m; toQifr[marm*vmefonf wynfhawmf\ pnf;pdrfOpmudk vnf;aumif;
toufudk vnf; aumif; w&m;ESpfyg;udk tmrcHEdkifygrl aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf
ckepf&ufywfvHk; qGrf;auR;ygap? wynfhawmfu aemufrS auR;ygrnf[k (avQmuf\)/
xdktcg toQifr[marm*vmefonf xdkOygoumudk odapNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf
NyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf xdkOygoumudk today;cJhygNyD/
aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gom onf ckepf&ufywfvHk; qGrf;auR;ygap? xdkOygoumonf aemufrS
auR;ygvdrfhrnf}} [k avQmuf\/
xdktcg aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ckepf&ufywfvHk; bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCm
udk rGefjrwfaom cJzG,fabmZOfjzifh a&mifh&Jwif;wdrfonfh wdkifatmif wm;jrpfonfh wdkifatmif
rdrdudk,fwdkif vkyfauR;\/ xdkoli,f udkvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifh &[ef;oHCm tm;vHk;udk &Sdcdk;ap\/
xdktcg toQifom&dykMwmonf xdkoli,fudk ]]oli,f oifhtm; cefYusef;\avm? rQw\avm?
qif;&J'ku uif;yg\avm}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m;om&dykMwm wynfhawmftm;
tb,frSm cefYusef;ygtHhenf;/ rQwygtHhenf;/ wynfhawmfonf ckepfESpfwdkYywfvHk; aoG;tdkifxJ
aecJh&ygonf[k (avQmuf\)/
xdktcg aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomonf ]]ig\ om;onf w&m;ppfolBuD; toQif
om&dykMwmESifh twlwuG ajymqdk\}} [k ESpfvdkjcif; 0rf;ajrmufjcif; ESpfouf &Tifvef;jcif;
jzpfav\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomtm; Espfvdk 0rf;ajrmufjcif;
ESpfouf&Tifvef;jcif; jzpfonfudk odaomaMumifh aumvd,rif;orD; oky0gomudk ]]oky0gom
oifonf om;rSwpfyg; odkY oabm &Sdaom om;rsKd;udk tvdk&Sdao;oavm}} [k

(rdefYawmfrl\)/ jrwfpGmbk&m; wynfhawmfronf om;rSwpfyg; odkY oabm&Sdukefaom
om;ckepfa,mufwdkYudk tvdk&Sdygao;onf[k (avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]rom,m tyfaom oabmw&m;onf om,mzG,ftoGif oabmjzifhvnf;aumif; rcspfcif
tyfaom oabmw&m;onf cspfcifzG,f toGif oabmjzifh vnf;aumif; qif;&Jaom oabm
w&m;onf csrf;omzG,ftoGif oabmjzifh vnf;aumif; arhavsmhaeoludk vTrf;rdk;zdpD;\}} [k
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
9 - 0domcgokwf
ykAmHkausmif; rd*g&rmwm 0domcg\ jymom'f oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg rd*g&rmwm
0domcg\ wpfckaom udp&yfonf yaoe'Daumovrif;ESifh pyfqdkifae\/ xdkudpudk yaoe'D
aumovrif;onf (0domcg) tvdktwdkif; rNyD;ap/
xdkYaemuf rd*g&rmwm 0domcgonf aeYv,fcsnf; tcsdefyif jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xdkifae\/ wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeaom
rd*g&rmwm 0domcgudk jrwfpGmbk&m; onf ]]0domcg oifonf ,ck aeYv,ftcsdef tb,frS
vmoenf;}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ toQifbk&m; wynfh awmfr\ wpfckaom udp&yfonf
yaoe'Daumovrif;ESifh pyfqdkifae\/ xdkudpudk yaoe'Daumovrif;onf (wynfhawmfr)
tvdktwdkif; rNyD;ygap[k (avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]olwpfyg; tvdkvdkuf&rI [lorQonf qif;&J\/ tpdk;&rI[lorQonf csrf;om\/ rSefvS\/
a,m*av;yg;rS vGefEdkifcJaomaMumifh ow0gwdkY onf olwpfyg;wdkYESifh qufqH&myif yef;Mu&
ukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 22 -- rrkpkpv
vdEdE00**f f ======
10 - b'd,okwf
20/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tEkyd,NrdKU
o&ufawm oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg umVDa*g"m (omuD0ifrif;orD;) \om;jzpfaom
toQifb'd,onf awm aeonfjzpfap? opfyif&if; aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf
aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;usL;&ifh\/
umVDa*g"m (omuD0ifrif;orD;) \om; toQifb'd,onf awm aeonfjzpfap? opfyif
&if; aeonf jzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf
csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;usL; &ifhonfudk rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkY Mum;Mu xdk&[ef;wdkYtm;
odkY tMuHjzpf\ ]]ighoQifwdkY rcRwf {uef umVDa*g"m\om; toQifb'd,onf rarGUavsmfbJ
jrwfaom tusifhudk husifh\/ xdktoQif b'd,onf vlUb0 u cHpm;cJhzl;aom rif;pnf;pdrfudk
tpOfatmufarhvsuf awm aeonfjzpfap? opfyif&if; aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m
t&yfaeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;usL;&ifh\[k
(tMuHonf jzpf\)/
xdkYaemuf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;vsuf wpfck aom t&yf xdkifMuukefNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmufukef\
]]toQifbk&m; umVDa*g"m\ om; toQifb'd,onf awm aeonf jzpfap? opfyif&if;
aeonf jzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf aeonfjzpfap ]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG} [k
rjywfO'gef;udk usL;&ifhyg\/ rcRwf{uef umVDa*g"m\om; toQif b'd,onf rarGUavsmfbJ
jrwfaom tusifhudk usifh\/ xdktoQifb'd,onf vlUb0u cHpm;cJhzl;aom rif;pnf;pdrfudk
tpOfatmufarhvsuf awm aeonfjzpfap? opfyif&if; aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf
aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;usL;&ifhyg\ [k
(avQmufxm;ukef\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wpfyg;udk ac: ]]&[ef; vmavmh? ig\ pum;jzifh
b'd,&[ef;udk ]ighoQif b'd, oifhudk jrwfpGmbk&m; ac:awmfrl\} [k ac:acsavmh}} [k
rdefYawmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xdk&[ef;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ (pum;awmfudk) 0efcH
umVDa*g"m\om; toQifb'd,xHodkY csOf;uyf umVDa*g"m\om; toQifb'd,udk
]]ighoQifb'd, oifhudk jrwfpGmbk&m; ac:awmfrl\}} [k odkY ajymMum;\/ ]]ighoQif aumif;ygNyD}}
[k umVDa*g"m\om; toQifb'd,onf xdk&[ef;\ (pum;udk) 0efcH jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xdkif\/ wpfckaom t&yf
xdkifaeaom umVDa*g"m\om; toQifb'd,udk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf b'd, oifonf awm
aeonfjzpfap? opfyif&if; aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;om
aypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;usL;&ifh\[k ig Mum;&jcif;onf rSefoavm[k
(rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; rSefyg\[k (avQmufxm;\)/
b'd, oifonf tb,ftaMumif;udk odjrifaomaMumifh awm aeonfjzpfap?

opfyif&if; aeonf jzpfap? qdwfNidrf&mt&yf aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf
csrf;omaypG}} [k rjywf O'gef;udk usL;&ifh oenf;[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; wynfhawmf
onf a&S;vltjzpfjzifh rif;jyKpOf eef;awmfwGif; eef;awmfjyif vnf; tapmifhta&Smufudk
aumif;pGm pD&iftyfyg\/ NrdKUwGif; NrdKUjyifvnf; tapmifhta&Smufudk aumif;pGm pD&if tyfyg\/
Zeyk'ftwGif; Zeyk'f tjyifvnf; tapmifhta&Smufudk aumif;pGm pD&iftyfyg\/ toQifbk&m;
xdkwynfhawmfonf odkY apmifha&Smuftyf vHkjcHKaptyfonf jzpfaomfvnf; aMumuf&GHU
xdwfvefYonfjzpf ae&yg\/ toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf ,cktcgrlum; awm
aeonfjzpfap? opfyif&if; aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf aeonfjzpfap raMumufr&GHU
rxdwfrvefYonf jzpf wpfa,mufwnf; aMumifhMurJh Muuf oD;arG;nif; rxbJ olwpfyg;ESifh
pyfaom toufarG;jcif; &Sdonfjzpf om;orifpdwfxm;jzifh ae&yg\/ toQif bk&m;
wynfhawmfonf taMumif;udk odjrifonfjzpf awm aeonfjzpfap opfyif&if;
aeonfjzpfap? qdwfNidrf&m t&yf aeonfjzpfap ]]aMomf csrf;omaypG? aMomf csrf;omaypG}} [k
rjywf O'gef;udk usL;&ifhyg\ [k (avQmufxm;av\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuif
yk*dKvf\ twGif;pdwf trsuf ]a'go} wdkYonf r&Sdukef/ odkY jynfhpHkjcif; ysufpD;jcif;udkvnf;
vGefajrmuf\/ ab;uif; csrf;omaom aMumifhMuuGmaom xdkyk*dKvfudk ewfwdkYonfyif jrif&ef
rpGrf;Edkifukef}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmf rl\/
'orokwf/
ESpfckajrmuf rkpvdE0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
1 - ur0dyguZokwf
21/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf-tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg &[ef;
wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm; wifysOfacGNyD;vQif a&S;uH\
tusKd;aMumifh jzpfaom xufjruf Murf;wrf; pyf&Sm;aom qif;&Ja0'emudk onf;cHvsuf
trSwf&rI ]owd} qifjcifPf ]orZOf} &Sdonfjzpf ryifryef; xdkifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGmxm; wifysOfacGNyD;vQif a&S;uH\
tusKd;aMumifh jzpfaom xufjruf Murf;wrf; pyf&Sm;aom qif;&Ja0'emudk onf;cHvsuf
trSwf&rI ]owd} qifjcifPf ]orZOf} &Sdonf jzpf ryifryef; xdkifaeaom xdk&[ef;udk
jrifawmfrl\/
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(edAmef) wnfaom wm'd*kPfESifh jynfhpHk aom &[ef;tm; rdrdudk vkyfauR; jyKpk&eftwGuf
vltaygif;udk ajymqdkjcif;iSg tvdkr&Sd}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh awmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
2 - eEokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;\nD rdaxG;awmf\ om;jzpfaom toQifeEonf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYtm;
]]ighoQifwdkY igonf raysmf&TifbJ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhae&yg\/ jrwfaom tusifhudk
tjynfhtpHk aqmifjcif;iSg rpGrf;Edkifawmhyg? odumcs vlxGufawmhtHh}} [k ajymqdk\/
xdktcg &[ef;wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom ae&m xdkifaeNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m;
jrwfpGmbk&m;\nD rdaxG;awmf\ om;jzpfaom toQifeEonf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYtm;
]ighoQifwdkY igonf raysmf&TifbJ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhae& yg\/ jrwfaom tusifhudk
tjynfhtpHk aqmifjcif;iSg rpGrf;Edkifawmhyg? odumcs vlxGufawmhtHh} [k ajymqdkyg on}f} [k

avQmuf\/
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eE&[ef;udk ]ighoQif eE jrwfpGmbk&m;onf oifhudk ac:awmfrl\} [k ac:acsavmh}} [k
rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xdk&[ef;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk 0efcH
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odkY ajymqdk\/
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xdkifaom toQifeEudk ]]eE oifonf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYtm; ighoQifwdkY igonf raysmf&TifbJ
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jyefvmcJhyg}} [k odkY ajymqdkyg\/ toQifbk&m; xdkwynfhawmfonf xdkpum;udk rjywf
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vnf;aumif; twlyif aZw0ef ausmif;awmfrS uG,fcJhvsuf wm0wom ewfbHkwdkY
xif&Sm;jzpf\/
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cpm;&ef vmMuukef\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQifeEudk ]]eE oifonf cdkajc tqif;
&Sdukefaom ewforD; ig;&mwdkYudk jrif\avm}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; jrifyg\[k
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onf wynfhawmftwGuf cdkajctqif; &Sdaom ewforD;ig;&mwdkYudk &zdkY&ef jrwfpGmbk&m;
wm0ef,lEdkifygrl wynfhawmfonf omoemawmfwGif;0,f bk&m;&Sif txHawmf aysmf&TifpGm
aeygawmhrnf [k (avQmuf\)/
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auG;aom vufudk qefYwef;ouJhodkY vnf;aumif;? qefYwef;aom vufudk auG;ouJhodkY vnf;
aumif; twlyif wm0womewfwdkYjynfrS uG,fcJhvsuf aZw0efausmif;awmf xif&Sm;jzpf\/
&[ef;wdkYonf ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;\nD rdaxG;awmf\ om;jzpfaom toQifeEonf ewforD;
wdkYudk &vdkrIaMumifh jrwfaom tusifhudk usifh\/ xdktoQifeEtwGuf cdkajctqif; &Sdukefaom
ewforD;ig;&mwdkYudk &zdkY&ef jrwfpGm bk&m;u wm0ef,lowwf}} [k Mum;Muukef\/
xdktcg toQifeE\ taygif;tazmf &[ef;wdkYonf toQifeEudk ]]toQifeEonf ewforD;
wdkYudk &vdkrIaMumifh jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhowJh? xdktoQifeEtwGuf cdkajc tqif;&Sdaom
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vnf;aumif;? ukef0,fol[laom pum;vHk;jzifh vnf;aumif; usDp,f ajymqdkMuukef\/
xdktcg toQifeEonf taygif;tazmf &[ef;wdkY\ olcpm;[laom usDp,fcsuf ukef0,fol
[laom usDp,f csufaMumifh NiD;aiGU&SufEdk; pufqkyfonfjzpf wpfa,mufwnf; qdwfNidrf&modkY
uyf rarhravsmh jyif;xefaom 0D&d, &Sdonfjzpf edAmefodkY apvTwfxm;aom pdwf&Sdvsuf
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udp tvdkYiSg wpfyg;aom jyKzG,f r&SdNyD}} [k od\/ toQifeEonf &[EmwdkYwGif wpfyg;
tygt0if jzpf\/
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tqif;ta&mif &Sdonfjzpf aZw0efwpfausmif;vHk;udk awmufyapvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD; vQif wpfckaom t&yf &yfwnfvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
pum;udk avQmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ nD rdaxG;awmf\om; toQifeEonf
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pdwfESifh t&[wzdkvfynmudk rsufarSmufb0 omvQif udk,fwdkif xl;aomPf jzifh rsufarSmuf
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Pfawmfvnf; xifawmfrl\/
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jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeum jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk
avQmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmftwGuf cdkajctqif; &Sdukefaom ewforD;ig;&mwdkYudk &zdkY&ef
jrwfpGmbk&m; wm0ef,lyg\/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;udk wynfhawmfonf xdkwm0efudk
,ljcif;rS vTwfygNyD}} [k (avQmuf\)/ eE igbk&m;onfvnf; ]]eEonf tmoa0g ukefjcif;aMumifh

tmoa0gr&Sdaom t&[wzdkvfpdwfESifh t&[wzdkvfynmudk rsufarSmufb0omvQif udk,fwdkif
xl;aomPfjzifh rsufarSmufjyKvsuf a&muf ae\}} [k igbk&m;pdwfjzifh oif\pdwfudk
ydkif;jcm; odcJhNyD/ ]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;\nD rdaxG;awmf\om; toQifeEonf tmoa0g
ukefjcif;aMumifh tmoa0g r&Sdaom t&[wzdkvfpdwfESifh t&[wzdkvfynmudk rsufarSmufb0
omvQif udk,fwdkif xl;aomPfjzifh rsufarSmufjyK vsuf a&muf ae\}} [k ewfwdkYuvnf;
igbk&m;tm; taMumif;udk avQmuf\/ eE tMuiftcg oif\ pdwfonf pGJvrf;rI uif;vsuf
tmoa0gwdkYrS vGwf\/ xdktcg igbk&m;onf xdkwm0ef,ljcif;rS vGwfNyD[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuif
&[ef;tm; (udavom) Gefudk ul;ajrmuftyf\/ umr[laom ql;ajimifhudk eif;e,f
csKd;zsuftyf\/ awGa0jcif; ]arm[} ukefjcif;odkY a&muf\/ xdk&[ef;onf csrf;omqif;&JwdkYaMumifh
rwkefvIyf}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh awmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
3 - ,aomZokwf
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trSL; &Sdaom &[ef;ig;&mwdkY onf om0wdjynfodkY jrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;arQmf&ef a&mufvmukef\/
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EIwfqufMuvsuf tdyf&m ae&mwdkYudk cif;apMuNyD;vQif oydwf ouFef;wdkY udk odkrSD;odrf;qnf;
Muvsuf qlnHaom toHus,faom toH &Sdukef\/
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aom toH us,favmifaom toH&Sdaom xdkolwdkYum; tb,folwdkYenf;}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
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(avQmuf\)/ tmeEmodkY jzpfvQif igbk&m;\ pum;awmfjzifh xdk&[ef;wdkY udk ]]toQifbk&m;wdkYudk
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wdkYudk aqmufvsuf 0gqdkMuukef\/
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ighoQifwdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; ESpfoufawmfrlonfhtwdkif; igwdkY aeMuukeftHh}} [k (rdefYqdk\)/ ]]ighoQif
aumif;ygNyD}} [k xdk&[ef;wdkYonf toQif,aomZ\ pum;udk 0efcH\/ xdkYaemuf xdk&[ef;
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aygufaom ausmif; aeawmfrl\/
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ae&mwdkYudk okdrSD; odrf;qnf; oydwf ouFef;wdkYudk ,laqmifvsuf tm;&Sdaom a,musfm;onf
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aygufaom ausmif; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ rsufarSmufawmf xif&Sm;jzpfukef\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf rwkefrvIyfaom t&[wzdkvform"djzifh aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg xkd&[ef;wdkYtm;
]]jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg tb,faejcif;jzifh aeawmfrloenf;}} [k tMuHonf jzpf\/
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\}} [k MuHNyD;aomf tvHk;pHkaom &[ef;wdYk onf rwkefrvIyfaom t&[wzdkvf orm"djzifh
aeukef\/ xkdtcg toQiftmeEmonf nOfh\ yXr,mrf vGefvwfaomf ae&mrS xvsuf
vuf0Jwpfzuf ycHk;xuf ouFef;udk wif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sd&modkY vuftkycf sDNyD; vQif
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; odkY avQmuf\/ ]]toQifbk&m; nOfh\ yXr,mrf vGefygNyD/ tm*EK&[ef;wdkY
xkdifae& onfrSm MumygNyD/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm*EK&[ef;wdkYESifh twkHYtjyef
0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om EIwfquf awmfrlyg}} [k avQmuf\/ odkY avQmufaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
qdwfqdwfaeawmfrl\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQiftmeEmonf nOfh\ rZdr,mrf vGefvwfaomf ae&mrSxvsuf
vuf0Jwpfzuf ycHk;xuf ouFef;udk wif jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sd&modkY vuftkyfcsDNyD;vQif
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; odkY avQmuf\/ ]]toQifbk&m; nOfh\ rZdr,mrf vGefygNyD/ tm*EK
&[ef;wdkYonf xkdifae&onfrSm MumygNyD/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm*EK&[ef;wdkYESifh
twkHYtjyef 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om EIwfqufawmfrlyg}} [k avQmuf\/ ESpfBudrf ajrmufvnf;
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaeawmfrl\/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQiftmeEmonf nOfh\ ypdr,mrf vGef ESpfoufzG,f
rsufESmuJhodkY tkPfwuf vwfaomf ae&mrSx vuf0Jwpfzuf ycHk;xuf ouFef;udk
wifNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sd&modkY vuftyk fcsDvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; odkY avQmuf\/
]]toQifbk&m; tvGef ESpfoufzG,f &Sdaom nOfh\ ypdr,mrf vGefygNyD/ tkPfwufygNyD/
nOfhonf ESpfoufzG,f&Sdaom rsufESmuJhodkY &SdygNyD/ tm*EK&[ef;wdkYonf xkdifae&onfrSm Mumyg
ukefNyD/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm*EK&[ef;wdkYESifh twkHYtjyef 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om
EIwfqufawmfrlyg}} [k avQmuf\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdorm"drS x toQiftmeEmudk ]]tmeEm oifonf
tu,fodcJhrl rQ avmufudkyif oifonf ravQmuf&m? tmeEm igbk&m;onf vnf;aumif;?
tvHk;pHkaom &[ef;ig;&mwdkYonf vnf;aumif; rwkefrvIyfaom pwkwpsmefESifh ,SOfaom
t&[wzdkvf orm"djzifh aeukef\}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;
t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuif &[ef;tm; umr ql;ajimifhudk vnf;aumif;?
qJa&;jcif;udk vnf;aumif;? owfjzwfjcif;udk vnf;aumif;? aESmifzGJUjcif;udk vnf; aumif;
atmifEdkif\/ xkd&[ef;onf awmifuJhodkY rwkefrvIyfwnf\/ xkd&[ef;onf csrf;om
qif;&JwdkYaMumifh rwkefvIyf}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
4 - om&dykwokwf
toQifom&dykMwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGmxm; wifysOfacGNyD;vQif
(ur|mef;tmHkodkY) a&S;Iowdudk jzpfapvsuf xkdkifae \/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; udk,fudk
ajzmifhrwfpGm xm; wifysOfacGNyD;vQif (ur|mef;tmHkodkY) a&S;Iowd udk jzpfapvsuf
xkdkifaeaom toQifom&dykMwmudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk
odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]ausmufawmifBuD;onf rwkefrvIyf aumif;pGm wnfouJhodkY
twl &[ef; onf arm[ukefjcif;aMumifh ausmufawmifBuD;uJhodkY rwkefvIyf}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
5 - r[marm*vmeokwf
toQifr[marm*vmefonf jrwfpGm bk&m;\ reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;
wifysOfacGNyD;vQif rdrdtZwoEmef aumif;pGmxifaom um,*wmowdjzifh xkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm; wifysOfacGNyD;vQif rdrd tZwoEmef
aumif;pGmxifaom aum,*wm owdjzifh xkdifaeaom toQifr[marm*vmef udk
jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuif &[ef;tm; um,*wmowdonf aumif;pGmxif\/ xkd&[ef;onf zm,we
ajcmufyg;wdkY apmifhpnf;um tjrJrjywf wnfMunfaom orm"d &Sdonfjzpf rdrd\
udavomcsKyfNidrf;rI (edAmef) udk (ypa0uPmPfjzifh) odEdkif&m\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
6 - ydvdE0pokwf
toQifydvdE0ponf &[ef;wdkYudk ol,kwf[k (ac:a0:) ajymqdkjcif;jzifh ac:a0:ajymqdk\/
xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuNyD;vQif jrwfpmG bk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; toQifydvdE0ponf
&[ef;wdkYudk ol,kwf[k ac:a0:ajymqdkjcif;jzifh ac:a0:ajymqdkygonf}} [k avQmufukef\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wpfyg;udk ]]&[ef; vmavmh? oifonf ig\ pum;jzifh
ydvdE0p&[ef;udk ]ighoQif ydvdE0p oifhudk jrwfpGmbk&m; ac:awmfrl\} [k ajymacsavmh}} [k
(rdefYawmfrl\)/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xkd&[ef;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ (pum;awmfudk)
0efcH toQifydvdE0pxH csOf;uyfNyD;vQif toQif ydvdE0pudk ]]ighoQif ydvdE0p oifhudk
jrwfpGmbk&m; ac:awmfrl\}} [k qdk\/
]]aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQifydvdE0ponf xkd&[ef;\ (pum;udk) 0efcH jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xkdifae\/ wpfckaomt&yf
xkdifaeaom toQifydvdE0pudk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]0p oifonf &[ef;wdkYudk ol,kwf[laom
ac:a0: ajymqdkjcif;jzifh ac:a0: ajymqdk\[k Mum;&onfum; rSefoavm}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m;rSefyg\[k (avQmuf\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQifydvdE0p\ a&S; aezl;aom cEmtpOfudk ESvHk;oGif;
awmfrl &[ef;wdkYudk &[ef;wkdkY oifwdkYonf 0p&[ef;tm; ruJh&JUMuukefvifh? &[ef;wdkY 0ponf
a'gopdwf &Sdonfjzpf &[ef;wdkYudk ol,kwf[laom ac:a0: ajymqdkjcif;jzifh ac:a0:
ajymqdkonf r[kwf? &[ef;wdkY 0p&[ef;onf b0ig;&mwdkY ywfvHk; ykPm;rsKd; tqufrjywf
jzpfcJhzl;\/ xkd0p&[ef;onf xkdol,kwf[k ac:a0: ajymqdkjcif;udk nOfhaeY&Snf pGm
avhusufcJhzl;\/ xdkYaMumifh 0p&[ef;onf &[ef;wdkYudk ol,kwf[k ac:a0: ajymqdkjcif;jzifh
ac:a0: ajymqdk ae\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef]]tMuifyk*dKvfonf vSnfhywfrI ]rm,m} axmifvTm;rI ]rme} r&Sd? avmb uif;\/ jrwfEdk;rI r&Sd?
awmifhwrI ]tmom} r&Sd? trsuf ]a'go} udk y,fEkwfNyD; jzpf\/ Nidrf;at;NyD;aom pdwf&Sd\/
xkdyk*dKvfonf raumif;rIrS tyjyKNyD;ol ]jAm[P vnf;rnf\/ raumif;rIrS Nidrf;at;NyD;ol
]orP} vnf;rnf\/ udavomudk zsufqD;NyD;ol ]bduK} vnf;rnf\}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
7 - ouK'geokwf
toQifr[muyonf ydyvd vdkPf*l ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum wpfckaom
(eda&m"ormywf) orm"dudk 0ifpm;vsuf wpfxkdifwnf; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
toQifr[muyonf xkdckepf&ufudk vGefojzifh (eda&m"ormywf) orm"drS xawmf rl\/
xkdtcg (eda&m"ormywf) orm"drSxaom toQifr[muytm; ]]igonf &mZN*dK[fNrdKUwGif;odkY
qGrf;cH 0if&rl aumif;avpG}} [k tMuHjzpf\/
xkdtcg ewforD;ig;&mwdkYonf toQifr[muy qGrf;&a&;twGuf (qGrf;avmif;&ef)
aMumifhMupkdufaeMu ukef\/ xkdtcg toQifr[muyonf xkdewforD;ig;&mwdkYudk qGrf;
ravmif;&ef wm;jrpf eHeufcsdef ouFef; udk jyif0wfNyD;vQif oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf
&mZN*dK[fNrdKUodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/
xkdtcg ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;onf toQifr[muytm; qGrf;vSLvdk&um;
&ufuef;onf toGifudk zefqif; &ufuef; &ufae\/ tok&m\orD; okZmonf &ufazmuf
a&muf\/ xkdtcg toQifr[muy onf &mZN*dK[fNrdKU tdrfpOftwkdif; qGrf;cH
vSnfhvnfvwfaomf ewfwdkY t&SifodMum;rif;\ aetdrfodkY csOf;uyf\/ ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;
onf <uvmaom toQifr[muyudk ta0;uyif jrif tdrfrS xGufNyD;vQif c&D;OD; BuKdqdk
vufrS oydwfudk ,lNyD;vQiftdrfodkY 0ifum xrif;tdk;rS xrif;udk cl; oydwfudk jynfhapvsuf
toQif r[muytm; ay;vSL\/ xkdqGrf;onf (yJaemufpaom) trsKd;rsKd;aom [if; txl;xl;
tjym;jym;aom vufokwf [if;vsm t&om trsKd;rsKd;&Sdaom pm;rJ[if;vsm &Sd\/ xkdtcg
toQifr[muytm; ]]odkY oabm&Sdaom wefcdk; tmEkabmf&Sdonfh yk*dKvfum;
tb,folenf;}} [k tMuHjzpf\/ xdkYaemuf toQifr[m uytm; ]]yk*dKvfum; ewfwdkYt&Sif
odMum;rif;wnf;}} [k od ewfwdkY t&SifodMum;rif;udk ]]aumod, oifonf trIudk jyKbd\/
odkY oabm&Sdaom trIudk aemufwpfzef rjyKvifh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQif bk&m;
r[muy wynfhawmfwdkY onfvnf; ukokdvfaumif;rIudk tvdk&SdMuyg\/ wynfhawmf
wdkYonfvnf; ukokdvfaumif;rIudk jyKxkdufygao;onf [k (avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemuf ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;onf toQifr[muyudk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif tkdtaojyKum
aumif;uifodkY ysHwufNyD;vQif [if;vif;tjyif aumif;uifxuf0,f ]]toQifr[muy
aumif;pGm wnfaom 'geonf tHhMozG,f 'geygaywnf;/ jrwfaom 'geygaywnf;/
toQifr[muy wnfaom 'geonf tHhMozG,f 'geyg aywnf;/ jrwfaom 'geygaywnf;/
toQifr[muy wnfaom 'geonf tHhMozG,f 'geygaywnf;/ jrwfaom 'geygaywnf;}}
[k oHk;Budrfwkdifwkdif O'gef;usL;&ifh\/ aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf [if;vif;tjyif aumif;uif
xuf0,f ]]toQifr[muy aumif;pGmwnfaom 'geonf tHhMozG,f 'geygaywnf;/
jrwfaom 'geygaywnf;}} [k oHk;Budrfwkdifwkdif ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;\ O'gef; usL;&ifhoHudk
vlwdkY\ em;tMum;udk vGefaom ewfwdkY\ aomwyom'ESifhwlaom pifMu,faom 'dAaomw
tbdnmOfjzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;onf Mum;awmfrl\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&m

udk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]yd@ygwf "kwifudk aqmifum rdrdudk,fudk arG;jrLaom
olwpfyg;wdkY arG;jrLrIudk rcHrl tjrJrjywf owd&Sdaom udavom Nidrf;at; wm'd*kPfESifh
jynfhpHkaom &[ef;tm; ewfwdkY cspfjrwfEdk;ukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
8 - yd@ygwduokwf
qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukef a&cHwufyifa&muf&m ua&&dwefaqmif;0ef; pka0;
xkdifaeMuukefaom rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdYt
k m; Mum; nyfpum;onf jzpfay:vm\/
ighoQifwdkY qGrf;cHvSnfhvnfaom yd@ygwf"kwifaqmif &[ef;onf &Hzef&Hcg ESpfoufzG,f
lygHkwdkYudk rsufpd jzifh jrif&\/ ESpfoufzG,f toHwdkYukd em;jzifh Mum;&\/ ESpfoufzG,f teHYwdkYukd
ESmacgif;jzifh erf;&\/ ESpfoufzG,f &omHkwdkYukd vQmjzifhvsuf&\/ ESpfoufzG,f azm|AmHkwdkYukd
udk,fjzifh awGUxd&\/ ighoQifwdkY yd@ygwf"kwifaqmif &[ef;onf kdaorI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI
ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lum qGrf;cHvSnfhvnf\/ ighoQifwdkY ,ck igwdkY onfvnf; yd@ygwf"kwif
aqmifMuukeftHh? igwdkYonfvnf; &Hzef&Hcg ESpfoufzG,f lygHkwdkYudk rsufpdjzifh jrif&ukef tHh?
ESpfoufzG,f toHwdkYukd em;jzifh Mum;&ukeftHh? ESpfoufzG,f teHYwdkYukd ESmacgif;jzifh erf;&ukeftHh?
ESpfoufzG,f &omHkwdkYukd vQmjzifh vsuf&ukeftHh? ESpfoufzG,f azm|AmHkwdkYukdudk,fjzifh awGUxd&
ukeftHh? igwdkYonfvnf; kdaorI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lMuum qGrf;cH
vSnfhvnfMuukeftHh[k xkd&[ef;wdkY\ Mum;nyf pum;onf rNyD;jywfao;/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf naecsrf;tcg wpfyg;wnf; udef;atmif;ae&mrS x
a&cHwufyif a&muf&m ua&&dwefaqmif;0ef;odkY csOf;uyfvsuf cif;xm;aom ae&m xkdifawmfrl
NyD;vQif &[ef;wdkYudk ]]&[ef;wdkY ,cktcg tb,fpum;jzifh pka0;aexkdifMu ukefoenf;/ oifwdkY\
rNyD;jywfao;aom Mum;nyfpum;onf tb,fenf;}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m; t&yf qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukef a&cHwufyif a&muf&m
ua&&dwefaqmif; 0ef; pka0; xkdifaeMuukefaom wynfhawmfwdkYtm; Mum;nyf pum;onf
jzpfyg\/ ighoQifwdkY qGrf;cHvSnfhvnf aom yd@ygwf"kwifaqmif &[ef;onf &Hzef&Hcg
ESpfoufzG,f lygHkwdkYudk rsufpdjzifh jrif&\/ ESpfoufzG,f toHwdkYukd em;jzifh Mum;&\/
ESpfoufzG,f teHYwdkYukd ESmacgif;jzifh erf;&\/ ESpfoufzG,f &omHkwdkYukd vQmjzifhvsuf &\/
ESpfoufzG,f azm|AmHkwdkYukd udk,fjzifh awGUxd&\/ ighoQifwdkY yd@ygwf"kwifaqmif &[ef;onf
kdaorI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lum qGrf;cHvSnfhvnf\/ ighoQifwdkY ,ck
igwdkYonfvnf; yd@ygwf "kwif aqmifMuukeftHh? igwdkYonfvnf; &Hzef&Hcg ESpfoufzG,f

lygHkwdkYudk rsufpdjzifh jrif&ukeftHh? ESpfoufz,
G f toHwdkYukd em;jzifh Mum;&ukeftHh? ESpfoufzG,f
teHYwdkYukd ESmacgif;jzifh erf;&ukeftHh? ESpfoufzG,f &omHkwdkYukd vQmjzifhvsuf &ukeftHh? ESpfoufzG,f
azm|AmHkwdkYukd udk,fjzifh awGUxd&ukeftHh? igwdkYonfvnf; kdaorI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI
wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lMuum qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfMuukeftHh/ toQifbk&m; pum;onf wynfhawmfwdkY
\ rNyD;jywfao;aom Mum;nyfpum;ygwnf;/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf <ua&mufvmyg\[k
(avQmufukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY ,HkMunfrI o'gw&m;jzifh vlUabmifrS xGuf &[ef;abmif &[ef;jyKMuaom
trsKd;aumif;om;wdkY tm; odkY oabm&Sdaom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;onf ravsmufywf/
&[ef;wdkY pka0;aexkdifMuukefaom oifwdkY tm; w&m;Esifhpyfaom pum;udkaomf vnf;aumif;?
jrwfaom qdwfqdwfaejcif;udkaomf vnf;aumif; ESpfyg; udkom jyKoifh\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaomtcsdef- ]]&[ef;
onf rsufarSmuf rsufuG,f csD;rGrf;ausmfapmoHudk rSDol tu,f rjzpfcJhrl yd@ygwf"kwifudk
aqmifum rdrdudk,fudk arG;jrLaom olwpfyg;wdkY arG;jrLrIudk rcHrl wm'd*kPfESifh jynfhpHkaom
&[ef;tm; ewfwdkY cspfjrwfEdk;ukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
9 - odyokwf
qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukef wefaqmif;0ef; pka0;xkdifaeMuukefaom &[ef;wdkYtm;
]]ighoQifwdkY tb,folonf (toufarG;aMumif;) twwfudk odoenf;/ tb,folonf
tb,ftwwfudk oif,loenf;/ twwfwdkYwGif tb,ftwwfonf tjrwfqHk;enf;}} [l
Mum;nyfpum;onf jzpfay:vm\/
xkd&[ef;wdkYwGif &[ef;tcsKdUwdkYu ]]twwfwdkYwGif qiftwwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]jrif;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]&xm;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]av;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]oefvsufpaom vufeuftwwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/
tcsKdUwdkYu ]]vufqpfcsKd; a&wGufjcif; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]*Pef;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]taygif;udef;jzifh a&wGufjcif;
twwf onf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]tu&mpma&;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}}
[k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkY u ]]uAsmzGJUjcif; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]avmum,wusrf; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdYku ]]rif;rIa&;&m

eDwdusrf;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ xkd&[ef;wdkYtm; rNyD;jywfao;aom
Mum;nyfpum;onf jzpfay:\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ncsrf;tcgwpfyg;wnf; udef;atmif;&mrS xvsuf
wefaqmif;0ef;odkY csOf;uyfNyD; vQif cif;xm;aom ae&m xkdifawmfrlNyD;aomf &[ef;wdkYudk
]]&[ef;wdkY ,cktcg tb,fpum;jzifh pka0;xkdifaeMu ukefoenf;/ oifwdkY\ rNyD;jywfao;aom
Mum;nyfpum;onf tb,fenf;}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m; qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukef wefaqmif;0ef; pka0;xkdifaeMu
ukefaom wynfh awmfwdkYtm; Mum;nyfpum;onf jzpfay:yg\/ ]]ighoQifwdkY tb,folonf
(toufarG;aMumif;) twwfudk wwfoenf;/ tb,folonf tb,ftwwfudk oifoenf;/
twwfwdkYwGif tb,ftwwfonf tjrwfqHk; jzpfoenf;}} [k Mum;nyfpum;onf
jzpfay:yg\/
xkd&[ef;wdkYwGif &[ef;tcsKdUwdkYu ]]twwfwdkYwGif qiftwwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]jrif;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]&xm;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]av;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]twwfwdkYwGif oefvsufpaom vufeuf twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]vufqpfcsKd;a&wGufjcif; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/
tcsKdUwdkYu ]]*Pef;a&wGufjcif; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]taygif;udef;jzifh a&wGufjcif; twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdk Muukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu
]]tu&mpma&;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]uAsmzGJUjcif; twwfonf
tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]avmum,w usrf;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k
qdkMuukef\/ tcsKdUwdkYu ]]rif;rIa&;&m eDwdusrf;twwfonf tjrwfqHk;}} [k qdkMuukef\/
toQifbk&m; pum;onf wynfhawmfwdkY\ rNyD;jywfao;aom Mum;nyfpum;jzpfyg\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m; <ua&mufvmygonf [k (avQmufxm;ukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY ,HkMunfrI o'gw&m;jzifh vlUabmifrS xGuf &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf &[ef;jyK
Muaom oif trsKd;aumif;om;wdkYonf odkY oabm&Sdaom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;onf ravsmuf
ywf/ &[ef;wdkY pka0; aexkdifMuukeaf om oifwdkYtm; w&m;Esifhpyfaom pum;udkaomf vnf;
aumif;? jrwfaom qdwfqdwfaejcif;udk aomfvnf;aumif; ESpfyg;udkom jyKoifh\ [k
(rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuifyk*dKvfonf twwfudk rSD toufarG;avh r&Sd? ayghyg;\/ tusKd;pD;yGg;udk tvdk&Sd\/
aÈudk apmifhpnf;\/ b0tvHk;pHkwdkYrS uif;vGwf\/ tm,weajcmufyg;wdkY ouf0ifaom
pdwfr&Sd? jrwfEdk;rI r&Sd? awmifhwrI r&Sd? rmeudk pGefY wpfa,mufwnf; usifh\/ xkdyk*dKvfonfom
bduKrnf\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 33 -- eeEE00**f f ======
10 - avmuokwf
30/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;jzpfcgp
Oka0vawm ae&&mjrpfurf;em; aAm"dyif&if; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
ckepf&ufywfvHk; wifysOfacGum zvormywf csrf;omudk cHpm;vsuf wpfxkdifwnf; aeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdckepf&ufudk vGefojzifh xkdorm"drS x Ak'puKjzifh avmuudk
MunfhIawmf rl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf Ak'puKjzifh MunfhIvwfaomf &m*aMumifhvnf;jzpfukef
a'goaMumifhvnf; jzpfukef arm[aMumifhvnf; jzpfukefaom rsm;pGmaom ylyefjcif;wdkYjzifh
ylyefukefaom rsm;pGmaom ylavmifjcif;wdkYjzifh ylavmifukefaom ow0gwdkYudk jrifawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]avmuonf ylavmifrI jzpfcJh\/ (qif;&J) awGUxdrIjzifh ESdyfpuf\/ tema&m*gudk tw[l
ajymqdk\/ vltaygif;onf tMuif tMuif taMumif;jzifh rSwfxif\/ xkdtaMumif;onf
xkdatmufarhonfrS wpfyg;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpf\/
b0 uyfNidaom avmuonf wpfyg;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh jzpfavh&Sdum b0jzifh
ESdyfpuftyfonf jzpfvsuf b0udkyif ESpfouf\/ tMuifb0udk ESpfouf\/ xkdb0onf
ab;jzpf\/ tMuifZ&m ponfrS aMumuf\/ xkdZ&monf qif;&Jrnf\/ b0udk y,fjcif;iSg
omvQif jA[p&d,udk usifhoHk;\/
b0jzifh b0rS vGwfjcif;udk qdkMuol orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf b0rS rvGwfajrmufukef
[k (igbk&m;) qdk\/ b0 uif;jywfrIjzifh b0rS xGufajrmufjcif;udk qdkMuol orPjAm[P
tcsKdUwdkYonf ]b0rS rxGufajrmuf ukef} [k (igbk&m;) qdk\/
rSef\/ cEmig;yg;[laom Oy"dudk pGJ qif;&Jonf jzpf\/ tvHk;pHk pGJvrf;tyfaom
Oyg'geuEm\ ukefjcif;aMumifh qif;&Jjzpfay:rI r&Sd? avmuudk Munfhavmh? t0dZmjzifh ESdyfpuf
tyfukefaom ow0grsm;pGmwdkY onf om;r,m;wdkY arGUavsmfukefonf jzpf b0rS rvGwfEdkif
ukef/ cyfodrf;aom t&yf cyfodrf;aom tjym; tm;jzifh b0wdkYonf &Sdukef\/ rjrJukef/
qif;&Jukef\/ azmufjyefjcif; oabm &Sdukef\/
]]oabmudk[kwfwkdif;rSefpGm aumif;aom 0dyemynmjzifh Iolonf b0wPSmudk
y,fEdkif\/ b0 uif;jywfrI ]Oap'} udk rESpfouf? tcsif;cyfodrf; wPSmwdkY\ ukefjcif;aMumifh
t<uif;rJh &m* uif;csKyf&monf edAmefrnf\/
xkdudavom Nidrf;at;NyD;aom &[ef;tm; pGJvrf;rI r&SdaomaMumifh b0opf rjzpf?
rm&frif;udk ESdyfpuf atmiftyfNyD; ppfajrjyif&Sd\/ wm'd*kPfESifh jynfhpHkaom &[Emyk*dKvfonf
b0tvHk;pHkwdkYudk aumif;pGmvGefEdkif\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'orokwf/
oHk;ckajrmuf eE0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
1 - arCd,okwf
31/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pmvdumNrdKU
pmvduawmif oDwif;oHk; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tvkyftauR;jzpfaom
toQifarCd,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; wpfckaom
t&yf &yfwnfNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf ZEK&Gm qGrf;cH0if&ef
tvdk&Sdyg\}} [k (avQmuf\)/ arCd, ,ckoGm;&ef tcsdefudk oif od\/ (oGm;&efrSm
oif\tvdktwkdif;yif jzpf\) [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg toQifarCd,onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf ZEK&GmodkY qGrf;cH0if\/ ZEK&Gm qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfNyD; qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf
qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhNyD;aomf udrdumVmjrpfurf;odkY csOf;uyf udrdumVmjrpfurf;em; tanmif;ajy
pBuavQmufpOf pdwfMunfvifzG,fudk aqmifaom ESpfoufzG,f ESvHk;arGUavsmfzG,f&Sdaom
o&ufO,smOfudk jrifav\/ xkdodkY jrifaomaMumifh xkdarCd,tm; ]]o&uf O,smOfonf
pdwfMunfvifzG,fudk aqmifaypGwum;? ESpfoufzG,f ESvHk;arGUavsmfzG,f &SdaypGwum;? o&uf
O,smOfonf w&m;tm;xkwf vdkaom trsKd;aumif;om;tm; w&m;tm;xkwf&ef oifhawmfavpG
wum;? ighudk jrwfpGmbk&m; cGifhjyKygrl igonf o&ufO,smOfodkY w&m;tm;xkwf&ef vmvdk\}} [k
tMuHjzpf\/
xdkYaemuf toQifarCd,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\- toQifbk&m;
wynfhawmfonf ,aeYeHeuf tcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf
ZEK&GmodkY qGrf;cH0ifcJhyg\/ ZEK&Gm qGrf;cHvSnfhvnf qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhaom
wynfhawmfonf udrdumVmjrpfurf; em; tanmif;ajy pBuavQmufpOf ]]pdwfMunfvifzG,fudk
aqmifaom ESpfoufzG,f ESvHk; arGUavsmfzG,f&Sdaom o&ufO,smOfudk jrifcJhygNyD/ xkdodkY
jrifaomaMumifh wynfhawmftm; ]]o&ufO,smOfonf pdwfMunfvifzG,fudk aqmifaypGwum;?
ESpfoufzG,f ESvHk;arGUavsmfzG,f &SdaypGwum;? o&ufO,smOfonf w&m;tm;xkwfvdkaom
trsKd;aumif;om;tm; w&m;tm; xkwf&ef oifhawmfaypGwum;? ighudk jrwfpGmbk&m; cGifhjyKygrl
igonf o&ufO,smOfodkY w&m;tm;xkwf&ef vm&rl aumif;avpG}}[k tMuHonf jzpfcJhyg\/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wynfhawmfudk tu,f cGifhjyKygrl wynfhawmfonf
xkdo&ufO,smOfodkY w&m;tm;xkwf&ef oGm;vdkyg\[k (avQmuf\)/
odkY avQmufaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQifarCd,tm; ]]arCd, igbk&m; wpfyg;wnf;
om jzpfae wpfpHkwpfa,mufaom&[ef; vmonfhwkdiaf tmif qdkif;iHhOD;avmh}}[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQifarCd,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
ydkvGef wpfpHkwpfck jyKzG,fudp r&Sdawmhyg? jyKNyD;onfudk wpfzefjyef yGg;rsm;&efvnf;
r&Sdawmhyg? toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfrSmrl tvGeftuJ jyKzG,fudp &Sdygao;\/ jyKNyD;onfudk
wpfzefjyef yGg;rsm;&efvnf; &Sdygao;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wynfhawmftm; tu,f
cGifhjyKygrl wynfhawmfonf xkdo&ufO,smOfodkY w&m;tm;xkwf&ef oGm;vdkyg\}}[k (avQmuf\)/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]arCd, igbk&m;wpfyg;wnf;om jzpfae

wpfpHkwpfa,mufaom &[ef; vmonfh wkdifatmif qdkif;iHhOD;avmh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQifarCd,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
ydkvGef wpfpHkwpfck jyKzG,fudp r&Sdawmhyg? jyKNyD;onfudk wpfzefjyef yGg;rsm;&efvnf;
r&Sdawmhyg? toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfrSmrl tvGeftuJ jyKzG,fudp &Sdygao;\/ jyKNyD;onfudk
wpfzefjyef yGg;rsm;&efvnf; &Sdygao;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wynfhawmftm; tu,f
cGifhjyKygrlhwynfhawmfonf xkdo&ufO,smOfodkY w&m;tm;xkwf&ef oGm;vdkyg\}} [k (avQmuf\)/
arCd,]]w&m;tm;xkwf&ef}}[k ajymqdkoludk tb,fodkY ajymqdkEdkifukeftHhenf; arCd,
,ckoGm;&eftcsdefudk oifod\/ (oGm;&efrSm oif\tvdk twkdif;yif jzpf\)[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg toQifarCd,onf ae&mrSxum jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif tkdtaojyKvsuf
o&ufO,smOfodkY csOf;uyf0ifa&mufum wpfckaom opfyif&if; aeYoefYpif&ef xkdifae\/ xkdtcg
xkdo&uf O,smOf aeaom toQifarCd,tm; umrESifhpyf,SOfaom MuHpnfrI ]umr0dwuf}
zsufqD;vdkjcif;ESifh pyf,SOfaom MuHpnfrI ]Asmyg' 0dwuf} nOf;qJvdkjcif;ESifh pyf,SOfaom MuHpnfrI
]0d[om0dwuf} [laom ,kwfnHhaom tukokdvf 0dwufoHk;yg;wdkY onf rsm;aomtm;jzifh
jzpfyGg;ukef\/
xkdtcg toQifarCd,onf ]]tcsif;wdkYtHhMozG,f aumif;avpG? tcsif;wdkY rjzpfzl;jrJ
jzpfavpG? ,HkMunfrI o'gw&m;jzifh vlUabmifrS xGuf &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf &[ef;jyKol
jzpfygvsuf umr0dwuf Asmyg'0dwuf 0d[om0dwuf[laom ,kwfnHhaom tukokdvf
0dwufoHk;yg; wdkYjzifh uyfNidcH&ukef\}} [k tMuHtpnfonf jzpf\/
xkdtcg toQifarCd,onf naecsrf;tcg wpfyg;wnf; udef;atmif;&mrS xvsuf
jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avsmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m; xkdo&ufO,smOfaeaom
wynfhawmftm; umr0dwuf Asmyg'0dwuf 0d[om0dwuf[laom ,kwfnHhaom tukokdvf
0dwuf oHk;yg; wdkYonf rsm;aomtm;jzifh jzpfygukef\/ toQifbk&m; xkdwynfhawmftm; tcsif;wdkY
tHhMozG,f &SdaypGwum;? tcsif;wdkY rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaypGwum;? ,HkMunfrI o'gw&m;jzifh vlUabmifrS
xGuf &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf &[ef;jyKol jzpfygvsuf umr0dwuf Asmyg'0dwuf
0d[om0dwuf[laom ,kwfnHhaom tukokdvf 0dwufoHk;yg;wdkYjzifh uyfNidcH&ukef\}} [k
tMuHtpnfonf jzpfyg\ [k avQmuf\/
arCd, w&m;ig;rsKd;wdkYonf r&ifhusufao;aom pdwf\ udavomrS vGwfajrmufrI
apawm0drkwdudk &ifhusufap&ef jzpfukef\/ tb,f ig;yg;wdkYenf; [lrlarCd, omoemawmf &[ef;onf 1/ rdwfaqGaumif; tazmfoli,fcsif;aumif;&Sdol olawmfaumif; udkif;Idif;aom pdwf&Sdol
jzpf\/ arCd, yXrw&m;onf r&ifhusufao;aom apawm0drkwdudk &ifhusufap&ef jzpf\/
2/ arCd, aemufwpfrsKd;um; &[ef;onf oDv&SdolygwdarmuoH0&oDvudk apmifha&Smuf
vsuf tusifh ]tmpm&} usufpm;&m ]a*gp&} ESifh jynfhpHkol jzpfae\/ tenf;i,faom tjypf
wdkYvnf; ab;[k I odumyk'f wdkY aqmufwnfvsuf usifh\/ arCd, 'kwd,w&m;onf
r&ifhusufao;aom apawm0drkwu
d dk &ifhusuf ap&ef jzpf\/
3/ arCd, aemufwpfrsKd;um; tMuifpum;onf tvGefudavom acgif;yg;rIESifh pyf,SOf\/

pdwfudk zGifhvSpf aom orx 0dyemtm; avsmufywf\/ pifppf NiD;aiGUjcif;iSg wyfjcif;
uif;jcif;iSg csKyfjcif;iSg Nidrf;at;jcif;iSg xl;aomPfjzifh odjcif;iSg opmav;yg;udk xkd;xGif;
odjcif;iSg edAmef tusKd;iSg jzpf\/ pum;wdkYum; tb,fenf;/ tvdkenf;rIESifh pyfaompum;
a&mifh&JvG,frIESifh pyfaom pum; qdwfNidrfrIESifh pyfaompum; ra&m>yrf;rIESifh pyfaompum;
0D&d,udk tm;xkwfrIESifh pyfaompum; oDvESifhpyfaom pum; orm"dESifh pyfaom pum;
ynmESifh pyfaom pum; r*fzdkvfedAmefESifh pyfaom pum; ypa0uPmPfESifh pyfaom
pum;wdkYwnf;/ &[ef;onf odkY oabm&Sdaom pum;udk (emMum;&ef) tvdk&Sdwkdif; &\/
rNiKdrjiifbJ &\/ ryifryef;bJ &\/ arCd, wwd, w&m;onf r&ifhusufao;aom
apawm0drkwdudk &ifhusufap&ef jzpf\/
4/ arCd, aemufwpfrsKd;um; &[ef;onf tukokdvfw&m;udk y,f&ef ukokdvfw&m;udk
jynfhpHkap&ef xufoefaom vkHYv&Sdol tm;tpGrf;&Sdol jrJjrHaom vkHYv&Sdol ukokdvfw&m;wdkY
wm0efudk csrxm;ol jzpf ae\/ arCd, pwkww&m;onf r&ifhusufao;aom
apawm0drkwdudk &ifhusufap&ef jzpf\/
5/ arCd, aemufwpfrsKd;um; &[ef;onf ynm&Sd\/ tjzpftysufudk odaom udavomudk
cGJzsufEdkifaom t<uif;rJh qif;&Jukef&modkY a&mufaMumif;jzpfaom jzLpifaom ynmESifh jynfhpHk\/
arCd, yrw&m;onf r&ifhusufao;aom apawm0drkwdudk &ifhusufap&ef jzpf\/
arCd, rdwfaqGaumif; tazmf oli,fcsif;aumif;&Sd olawmfaumif; udkif;Idif;aom
pdwf&Sdonfh &[ef; tm; ]]oDv&Sdol jzpfvdrfhrnf ygwdarmuoH0&oDvudk apmifha&Smufol
jzpfvdrfhrnf tusifh ]tmpm&} usufpm;&m ]a*gpm&} ESifh jynfhpHk tenf;i,frQaom tjypfwdkY
aomfvnf; ab;[k Ivsuf odumyk'fwdkY aqmufwnf usifhEdkifvdrfhrnf[laom xkdtvHk;pHkudk
rcRwf&vdrfhrnf}} [k arQmfvifhtyf\/
arCd, ]]tMuifpum;onf tvGefudavom acgif;yg;rIESifh pyf,SOf\/ pdwfudk zGifhvSpfaom
orx 0dyemtm; avsmufywf\/ pifppf NiD;aiGUjcif;iSg wyfjcif;uif;jcif;iSg csKyfjcif;iSg
Nidrf;at;jcif;iSg xl;aomPf jzifh odjcif;iSg opmav;yg;udk xkd;xGif; odjcif;iSg edAmef tusKd;iSg
jzpf\/ pum;wdkYum; tb,fenf;/ tvdkenf;rIESifh pyfaompum; a&mifh&JvG,frIESifh
pyfaompum; qdwfNidrfrIESifh pyfaompum; ra&m>yrf;rIESifh pyfaompum; 0D&d,udk tm;xkwfrIESifh
pyfaompum; oDvESifh pyfaompum; orm"dESifh pyfaompum; ynmESifh pyfaompum;
r*fzdkvfedAmefESifh pyfaompum; ypa0uPmPfESifh pyfaompum;wdkYwnf;/ rdwfaqGaumif;
tazmf oli,fcsif;aumif;&Sd olawmfaumif; udkif;Idif;aom pdwf&Sdol &[ef;tm; odkY
oabm&Sdaom pum;udk (emMum;&ef) tvdk&Sdwkdif;&ol rNiKdrjiif&ol ryifryef;&ol jzpfvdrfhrnf}}
[laom tvHk;pHkudk rcRwf&vdrfhrnf[k arQmfvifhtyf\/
arCd, rdwfaqGaumif; tazmfoli,fcsif;aumif;&Sd olawmfaumif; udkif;Idif;aom
pdwf&Sdonfh &[ef;tm; ]]tukokdvfw&m;udk y,f&ef ukokdvfw&m;udk jynfhpHkap&ef xufoefaom
vkHYv &Sdoltm; tpGrf;&Sdol jrJjrHaom vkHYv&Sdol ukokdvfw&m;wdkY wm0efudk csrxm;ol jzpf
aevdrfhrnf}} [laom tvHk;pHkudk rcRwf&vdrfhrnf[k arQmfvifhtyf\/
arCd, rdwfaqGaumif; tazmf oli,fcsif;aumif;&Sd olawmfaumif; udkif;Idif;aom
pdwf&Sdonfh &[ef;tm; ]]ynm&Sd tjzpftysufudk odaom udavomudk azmufcGJEdkifaom
t<uif;rJh qif;&Jukef&modkY a&mufaMumif; jzpfaom jzLpifaom ynmESifh jynfhpHkol jzpfvdrfhrnf}}

[laom tvHk;pHkudk rcRwf&vdrfhrnf[k arQmfvifhtyf\/
arCd, xkd&[ef;onf w&m;ig;yg;wdkY wnfNyD;vQif wpfqifhwuf w&m;av;yg;wdkYudk
yGg;rsm;&ef &m*udk y,fEdkif&ef tokbudk yGgrsm;&rnf? Asmyg'udk y,fEdkif&ef arwmudk yGgrsm;&rnf?
0dwufudk jzwfawmufEdkif&ef tmemygewdudk yGgrsm;&rnf? ig[laom rmefudk y,fEdkif&ef
tedponmudk yGgrsm;&rnf/rSef\ arCd, tedp onm&Sdoltm; tewonmonf xif\/
tewonm xifolonf ig[laom rmefudk y,fcGgjcif;odkY a&mufEdkif \/ ,ckb0yif edAmefodkY
a&mufEdkif\ [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkd odaomtcsdef]],kwfnHhaom 0dwuf odrfarGUaom 0dwufwdkYonf pdwfodkY tpOf vdkufwwfukef\/ pdwf ay:vGif
wuf<urIudk jyKwwf ukef\/ raem 0dwufwdkYudk rodolonf pdwfrwnfwHhbJ tmHkwpfckrS
tmHkwpfckodkY ajy;oGm;wwf\/
xkdraem0dwufwdkYudk od udavomudk ylyefapwwfaom vkHYvESifh owd&Sdol tMuif
yk*dKvfonf pdwfodkY tpOfvdkufwwf pdwfay:vGif wuf<urIudk jyKwwfaom 0dwufwdkYudk ydwfqdkY
Edkif\/ xkdyk*dKvfonf opmav;ygudk odonfjzpf xkdumr0dwuf ponfwdkYudk t<uif;rJh y,fpGefY
Edkif\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
2 O'wokwf
32/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ukodemHkNrdKU
(awmifwHcg;\) tauGU rvmrif;wdkY\ tifMuif;O,smOfawm oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf ysHUvGifh ukef (tcsnf;ESD;) rmewufukef vQyfay:ukef EIwfMurf;ukef
(a&mufwwf&m&m) jyefYusJaom pum;&Sdukef owduif;ukef qifjcifPfrJhukef rwnfMunfukef
wkefvIyfaom pdwf&Sdukef rapmifhpnf;aom aÈ&Sdukefvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0;aom
t&yfjzpfaom awmausmif; aeMuukef\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ysHUvGifhukef (tcsnf;ESD;) rmewufukef vQyfay:ukef EIwfMurf;ukef
(a&mufwwf&m&m) jyefYusJaom pum;&Sdukef owduif;ukef qifjcifPfrJhukef rwnfMunfukef
wkefvIyfaom pdwf&Sdukef rapmifhpnf;aom aÈ&Sdukefvsuf reD;ra0;aom t&yfjzpfaom
awmausmif; aeMuukefaom &[ef;wdkYudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]rapmifha&Smuftyfaom udk,ftrlt&mjzifh
vnf;aumif;? rdpmt,l Esdyfpuftyf xderd' vTrf;rdk;tyfaom pdwfjzifh vnf;aumif; aeaom
&[ef;onf rm&f\ tvdkodkY vdkuf&\/ xdkYaMumifh &[ef;onf apmifha&Smufaom udk,fpdwf&Sdol
jzpf&m\/ rSefuefaom MuHpnfrI ]ormouFy} vQif usufpm;&m tmHk&Sdol jzpf&m\/rSefuefaom
t,ludk a&SUoGm;jyKol jzpf&m\/ ocFg&wdkY\ jzpfysufrIudk od xderd'udk ESdrfeif;um 'kuoHk;rsKd;
wdkY tESdyfpufcHaeaom *wdtm;vHk;wdkYudk pGefYy,fedkif&m\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
3 - a*gygvuokwf
33/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumov
wkdif; rsm;pGmaom &[ef; oHCmESifhtwl a'opm&D <ucsDawmfrlvwfaomf vrf;c&D;rS zJ
wpfckaom opfyifteD;odkY csOf;uyfum cif;xm;aom ae&m xkdifaeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf
xkdifaom EGm;ausmif;om;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGmjyvsuf
w&m;udk aqmufwnf apum w&m;usifhoHk;&ef xufoef&Tifvef;ap\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;u w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm jyvsuf w&m;udk aqmufwnf

apum w&m; usifhoHk;&ef xufoef&Tifvef;aptyfaom EGm;ausmif;om;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m; onf eufjzef wynfhawmf\ qGrf;udk &[ef; oHCmESifhwuG
vufcHawmfrlyg}} [k (avQmuf\)/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzifh vufcHawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf xkdEGm;ausmif;om;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; vufcHawmfrlonfudk od ae&mrSxum
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; tkdtaojyKvsuf zJoGm;\/
xdkYaemuf xkdEGm;ausmif;om;onf xkdnOfhudk vGefaomtcg rdrdaetdrf0,f a&rygaom
rsm;pGmaom EdkYCemqGrf;udk vnf;aumif; axmywfopfudk vnf;aumif; pD&ifap jrwfpGmbk&m;
tm; ]]toQifbk&m; tcsdef wefygNyD/ qGrf;jyifNyD;ygNyD}} [k avQmuf\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl
xkdEGm;ausmif;om; tdrfodkY csOf;uyf cif;xm;aom ae&m xkdifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
xkdEGm;ausmif;om;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;oHCmudk a&rygaom EdkYCem qGrf;jzifh
vnf;aumif;? axmywfopfjzifh vnf;aumif; a&mifh&Jonfh wkdifatmif wm;jrpfonfh wkdifatmif
udk,fwkdif vkyfauR;\/ xdkYaemuf EGm;ausmif;om;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; qGrf;pm;NyD; oydwfrS
vufudk z,fNyD;aom tcg edrfhaom xkdifp&m wpfckudk ,lNyD;vQif wpfckaomt&yf xkdifae\/
wpfckaomt&yf xkdifaeaom xkdEGm; ausmif;om;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;pum;jzifh
tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm jyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnf apum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef
&Tifvef;apawmfrlNyD;vQif ae&mrSxvsuf zJ<uawmfrl\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGm bk&m; <uoGm;
rMumrD xkdEGm;ausmif;om;udk a,musfm;wpfa,mufonf &GmtMum; ZD0dwdaÈrS cs(owf) \/
xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; ,aeY jrwfpGmbk&m;
trSL;&Sdaom &[ef; oHCmudk a&rygaom EdkYCemqGrf;jzifh vnf;aumif;? axmywfopfjzifh
vnf;aumif; a&mifh&Jonfh wkdifatmif wm;jrpfonfh wkdifatmif udk,fwkdif vkyfauR;aom
EGm;ausmif;om;udk a,musfm;wpfa,mufonf &GmtMum; ZD0dwdaÈrS cs (owf) tyfygowwf}}
[k avQmufMuukef\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom
tcsdef- ]]cdk;olonf cdk;oludk jrif &efolonf rlvnf; &efoludk jrif xkdol\ ysufpD;jcif;udk
jyK&m\/ azmufjyef aqmufwnfaom pdwfonf xkdpdwf&Sdoludk xkdcdk;ol &efolwdkYxufyif
,kwfrmatmif jyKEdkif\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
4 - ,uy[m&okwf
toQifom&dykMwmESifh toQifr[m arm*vmefwdkYonf uaygwuE&rnfaom ausmif;
aeMuukef\/ xkdtcg qHyif&dwfNyD;pjzpfaom toQif om&dykMwmonf vqef;yu nOfhtcgwGif
vGifwD;acgif wpfckaom (OayumjA[0d[m&) orm"dudk 0ifpm;vsuf aeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg oli,fcsif;jzpfol bDvl;ESpfa,mufwdkYonf ajrmuft&yfrS awmift&yfodkY wpfckaom
jyKzG,fudpjzifh oGm;ukepf Of vqef;yu nOft
h cgwGif vGifwD;acgif wpfckaom (Oayum
jA[0d[m&) orm"udk 0ifpm;vsuf xkdifaeawmfrlaom qH&dwfNyD;pjzpfonfh toQifom&dykMwmudk
jrifukef\/ jrifNyD; bDvl;wpfa,mufonf tazmf bDvl;udk ]]rdwfaqG igonf &[ef;\
OD;acgif;udk kdufykwfvdk\}} [k (ajymqdk\)/ odkY ajymqdkvwfaomf xkdtazmf bDvl;onf
xkdbDvl;udk ]]rdwfaqGroifh? &[ef;udk rkdufykwfygvifh? rdwfaqG xkd&[ef;onf jrifhjrwf vSay\/
wefcdk;tmEkabmf BuD;vSay\}} [k ajymqdk\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; xkdbDvl;onf tazmfbDvl;udk ]]rdwfaqG igonf &[ef;\ OD;acgif;udk
kdufykwfvdk\}} [k ajymqdk\/ ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; ]]rdwfaqG roifh? &[ef;udk rkdufykwfygvifh?
rdwfaqG xkd&[ef;onf jrifhjrwfvSay\/ wefcdk;tmEkabmf BuD;vSay\}} [k ajymqdk\/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; xkdbDvl;onf tazmfbDvl;udk ]]rdwfaqG igonf &[ef;\ OD;acgif;udk
kdufykwfvdk\}} [k ajymqdk\/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; ]]rdwfaqG roifh? &[ef;udk rkdufykwfygvifh?
rdwfaqG xkd&[ef;onf jrifhjrwfvSay\/ wefcdk;tmEkabmf BuD;vSay\}} [k ajymqdk\/ xdkYaemuf
xkdbDvl;onf xkdtazmfbDvl;\ pum;udk rem,lbJ toQifom&dykMwm\ OD;acgif;udk kdufykwf
av\/ kdufykwfjcif;onf tvGefjyif;xefvS\/ xkdkdufykwfjcif;aMumifh ckepfawmif
ckepfawmifhxGm &Sdaom qifudkaomfvnf; ajrodkY epfjrKyfap&m\/ awmifxGwfBuD;udk rlvnf;
tpdwfpdwf NydKuGJap&m\/ xkdcPyif xkdbDvl;onf ]]igylavmif\/ igylavmif\}} [k qdkvsuf
xkdt&yfyifvQif (t0Dpd) i&JBuD; usa&muf\/
toQifr[marm*vmefonf oefY&Sif;Munfvif vlwdkY\ rsufpdtjrifudk vGefaom
ewfrsufpdESifh wlaom rsufpd ]'dApuK} jzifh toQifom&dykMwm OD;acgif; bDvl; kdufykwfonfudk
jrif toQifom&dykMwmxHodkY csOf;uyf toQifom&dykMwmudk ]]ighoQif oif cefYusef;yg\avm?
rQwyg\avm? oifhtm; wpfpHkwpfckaom qif;&J r&Sdyg\avm}} [k avQmuf\/ ighoQifarm*vmef
ig cefYusef;yg\/ rQwyg\/ odkY&mwGif ig\ OD;acgif; tenf;i,f emusifouJhodkY jzpf\}} [k
(rdefYqdk\)/
ighoQif om&dykMwm tHhHMozG,f &Sdygay\/ ighoQifom&dykMwm rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygay\/ oifonf
wefckd;tmEkabmf BuD;\/ ighoQif om&dykMwm ,aeY oifhtm; bDvl;wpfa,mufonf OD;acgif;udk
kdufykwf\/ kdufykwfjcif;onf tvGef jyif;xefvS\/ xkdkdufykwfjcif;aMumifh ckepfawmif
ckepfawmifhxGm&Sdaom qifudkaomfvnf; ajrodkY epfjrKyfap&m\/ awmifxG#fBuD;udk rlvnf;
tpdwfpdwf NyKduGJap&m\/ odkYygvsuf toQifom&dykMwmonf ]]ighoQifarm*vmef ig cefYusef;yg\/
rQwyg\/ odkY&mwGif ig\ OD;acgif; tenf;i,f emusifouJhodkY jzpf\}} [k qdkbd\[k

(ajymqdk\)/
ighoQifarm*vmef tHhHMozG,f&Sdygay\/ igoQifarm*vmef rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygay\/ toQif
r[marm*vmefonf tvGefwefckd;tmEkabmf BuD;ygay\/ ,if;odkY jzpfaomaMumifh bDvl;udk
rlvnf; jrifEdkifay\/ igwdkYrSmrl ajrbkwf bDvl;udkrQvnf; rjrif[k (ajymqdk\)/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf oefY&Sif;Munfvifaom vlwdkY\ em;tMum;udk vGefaom ewfwdkY\
em;ESifhwlaom em; ]'dAaomw} jzifh xkd&[EmBuD;ESpfyg;wdkY\ odkY oabm&Sdaom pum;
ajymqdkrIudk Mum;awmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGm bk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl
xkdodaomtcsdef- ]]tMuif &[Emyk*dKvf\ pdwfonf ausmuf awmifESifh wlonfjzpf wnf\/
rwkefvIyf? wyfpGef;zG,f tmHkwdkY wyfjcif;uif;\/ trsufxGufzG,f tmHk trsufrxGuf? tMuif
&[Emyk*dKvf\ pdwfonf odkY yGg;rsm;NyD; jzpf\/ ,if;odkY pdwfudk yGg;rsm;NyD; jzpfaom
&[Emyk*dKvfodkY qif;&Jonf tb,frSm uyfa&mufEdkifygrnfenf;}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
5 - em*okwf
35/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumorDjynf
aCmodwmHk ausmif; aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;a,mufsm; &[ef;rdef;r
Oygouma,mufsm; Oygodum rdef;r rif; rif;trwf wdwd wdwdwynfhwdkYESifh a&m>yrf;vsuf
ae&onfjzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;ompGm rae&/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]igonf ,cktcg
&[ef;a,mufsm; &[ef;rdef;r Oygouma,mufsm; Oygodumrdef;r rif; rif;trwf wdwd
wdwdwynfhwdkYESifh a&m>yrf;vsuf ae&onfjzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;ompGm rae&? igonf y&dowf
taygif;rS (xGuf) wpfa,mufwnf; qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf ae&ygrl aumif;avpG}} [k
tMuHonf jzpf\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf aumorD jynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/ aumorDjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnf
qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJ<uvsuf udk,fwdkif ausmif; tdyf&m ae&mudk odrf;qnf; oydwf
ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf tvkyftauR;udkvnf; rac: &[ef;oHCmudkvnf; ryefMum;bJ
tazmfryg wpfyg;wnf; ygvdav,su awmtkyfodkY a'opm&D <uawmfrl\/ tpOfojzifh
a'opm&D <uawmfrlvwfaomf ygvdav,su awmtkyfodkY qdkufa&muf awmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf xdkygvdav,su&Gm &udwawmtkyf tifMuif;yifysKd teD; aeawmfrl\/
qifajymifBuD; wpfaumifonfvnf; qifayguf qifr qifa&G EdkYpdkYqifi,fwdkYESifh

a&m>yrf;onf jzpf tGefY jywfNyD;aom jrufwdkYudkvnf; pm;&\/ xdkqifajymifBuD; csKd; csKd;
csaom opfcuf opfudkif;udkvnf; (tjcm; qifwdkY) pm;ukef\/ (xdkqifajymifBuD;onf) aemufusK
ukefaom a&wdkYudkvnf; aomuf&\/ a&qdyfrS wufaom xdkqifajymifBuD;\ udk,fudkvnf;
qifrwdkYonf wdk;a0SUvsuf oGm;ukef\/ a&m>yrf;onf jzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;om pGm rae&/
xdktcg xdkqifajymifBuD;tm; ]]igonf ,cktcg qifxD; qifr qifayguf qifi,fwdkYESifh
a&m>yrf; ae&\/ tzsm;jywfNyD;aom jrufwdkYudkvnf; pm;&\/ ig csKd; csKd; csaom
tudkif;tcufudkvnf; qifayguf qifi,fwdkYonf pm;ukef\/ aemufusKaom a&udkvnf;
aomuf&\/ a&qdyfrSwufaom ig\ udk,fudkvnf; qifrwdkYonf wdk;a0SUvsuf oGm;ukef\/
igonf a&m>yrf;onfjzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;ompGm rae&? igonf qiftkyf rS xGuf
(wpfaumifwnf;) qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf ae&ygrl aumif;avpG}} [k tMuHonf jzpf\/
xdkYaemuf xdkqifajymifBuD;onf qiftkyfrS zJ ygvdav,su&Gm &udwawmtkyf tifMuif;
yifysKd teD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf ae\/ xdktcg xdkqifajymifBuD;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;
aeawmfrl&m t&yfudkvnf; pdrf;pdkaom jrufopfyif r&Sdatmif jyK\/ ESmarmif; jzifhvnf;
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ aomufa& oHk;aqmifa&udk wnfxm; \/
xdkYaemuf qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf wpfyg;wnf; udef;atmif;awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
]]igonf a&S;tcgu &[ef;a,mufsm; &[ef;rdef;r Oygouma,mufsm; Oygodumrdef;r rif;
rif;trwf wdwd wdwdwynfhwdkY ESifh a&m>yrf;vsuf ae&onfjzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;ompGm rae&?
]]xdkigonf ,cktcg &[ef;a,mufsm; &[ef; rdef;r Oygouma,mufsm; Oygodumrdef;r
rif;rif;trwf wdwd wdwdwynfhwdkYESifh ra&m>yrf;bJ aeaomaMumifh csrf;ompGm ae&\}} [k
pdwftMuH jzpf\/
xdkqifajymifBuD;tm;vnf; ]]igonf a&S;tcgu qifayguf qifr qifa&G EdkYpdkYqifi,fwdkYESifh
a&m>yrf;vsuf ae&onf jzpf tGefYjywfNyD;aom jrufwdkYudkvnf; pm;&\/ ig csKd; csKd;
csaom opfcuf opfudkif;udkvnf; qifi,fwdkYonf pm;ukef\/ igonf aemufusKaom a&wdkYudk
vnf; aomuf&\/ a&qdyfrSwufaom ig\ udk,fudkvnf; qifrwdkYonf wdk;a0SUvsuf
oGm;ukef\/ a&m>yrf;onfjzpf qif;&J\/ csrf;ompGm rae&/ xdkigonf ,cktcg qifxD; qifr
qifaygufqifi,fwdkYESifh ra&m>yrf;bJ ae&\/ tzsm;rjywfaom jrufwdkYudkvnf; pm;&\/ ig
csKd; csKd;csaom opfcuf opfudkif;wdkYudkvnf; qifi,fwdkYonf rpm;ukef/ Munfvifaom
a&wdkYudkvnf; aomuf&\/ qdyfurf;rSwufaom ig\ udk,fudkvnf; qifrwdkYonf wdk;a0SUvsuf
roGm;ukef/ ra&m>yrf;aom aMumifh csrf;ompGm ae&\}}[ k odkY pdwftMuH jzpf\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rdrd\ um,0da0uudk od xdkqifajymifBuD;\
pdwftMuHudkvnf; rdrdpdwfjzifh odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef- ]]bk&m;wnf;[laom qifajymif
BuD;onf wpfyg;wnf; awm arGUavsmfukef ouJhodkY qifajymifBuD;onfvnf; wpfpD;wnf;
awm arGUavsmf\/ xdkYaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;wnf;[laom qifajymifBuD;\ xdkwpfyg;wnf;
arGUavsmfaom pdwfonf vSnf;pG,f&ef;ESifh wlaom tpG,f&Sdaom qifajymifBuD; \ wpfpD;wnf;
arGUavsmfaom pdwfESifhwlrQ\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
6 - yda@mvokwf
t&nuif"kwif yd@ygwf"kwif yHokul"kwif wdpD0&dwf"kwifaqmifum tvdkenf;ol a&mifh&J
vG,fol qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfol ra&maESmol xufoef aom 0D&d,&Sdol "kwifw&m;udk a[majym
wwfol vGefuJaom t&[wzdkvform"d pdwfudk rjywf tm;xkwfol toQifyad @mvbm&'GgZ
onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf t&nuif"kwif yd@ygwf"kwif yHokul"kwif wdpD0&dwf"kwifaqmifum
tvdkenf;ol a&mifh&JvG,fol qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfol ra&maESmol xufoefaom 0D&d,&Sdol
"kwifw&m;udk a[majymwwfol vGefuJaom t&[wzdkvf orm"dpdwfudk rjywf tm;xkwfol
toQifyda@mvbm&'GgZudk reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG
xdkifaeonfudk jrifawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]wpfpHkwpfa,mufudkrQ EIwfjzifh rpGyfpGJjcif; vnf;aumif;? udk,fjzifh rnOf;qJjcif; vnf;aumif;?
ygwdarmuoDv apmifhpnf;jcif; vnf;aumif;? abmZOf twdkif;t&Snfudk odjcif; vnf;
aumif;? qdwfNidrfaom ausmif; tdyf&m ae&m aejcif; vnf;aumif;? vGefuJaom pdwf
tm;xkwfjcif; vnf;aumif; um; jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkY\ tqHk;trawmfwnf;}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
7 - om&dykwokwf
tvdkenf;ol a&mifh&JvG,fol qdwfNidrf &modkY uyfol ra&maESmol xufoefaom 0D&d,&Sdol
vGefuJaom pdwfudk rjywf tm;xkwfol toQifom&dykMwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0;
udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvdkenf;ol a&mifh&JvG,fol qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfol ra&maESmol
xufoefaom 0D&d,&Sdol vGefuJaom pdwfudk rjywf tm;xkwfol toQifom&dykMwmudk reD;ra0;
udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeonfudk jrifawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef-]]vGefuJaom
pdwf&Sdvsuf rarhravsmhrl t&[wr*fPf\ vrf;aMumif; w&m;wdkY usifhum NidrfoufpGm
aomtcg cyfodrf;owd &Sdaom wm'd*kPfESifh jynfhpHkaom &[Emyk*dKvftm; pdk;&drfaomuwdkYonf
rjzpfukef}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
8 - okE&Dokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,lvsuf ouFef;
qGrf; ausmif;olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHhjzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd\/ &[ef;oHCm
onfvnf; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,l vsuf ouFef; qGrf;
ausmif;olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHhjzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd\/ omoemawmfrS
jyifyjzpfaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonfum; tdktaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk
rcH,lMuukefbJ ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmif
wdkYudk r&&Sdukef/
xdktcg omoemawmfjyifyrSjzpfaom xdkwdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; vnf;aumif;?
&[ef;oHCmtm; vnf;aumif; tdktaojyK cH&onfudk onf;rcHEdkifMu aomaMumifh
okE&Dy&dAdkZfr xHodkY csOf;uyfvsuf okE&D y&dAdkZfrudk ]]ESr oifonf aqGrsKd;wdkY\ tusKd;udk

jyKjcif;iSg pGrf;Edkif\}} [k ajymukef\/ toQifwdkY tuREkfyfonf tb,fudk jyK&ygrnfenf;/
tuREkfyfonf tb,fudk jyKjcif;iSg rpGrf;EdkifbJ &Sdygrnfenf;/ aqGrsKd;wdkY\ tusKd;iSg tuREkfyf\
toufudk pGefYEdkifyg\ [k (ajymqdk\)/
ESrodkY jzpfvQif aZw0efausmif;odkY rjywfoGm;yg[k ajymukef\/ ]]toQifwdkY aumif;ygNyD}} [k
okE&Dy&dAdkZfronf xdkomoemjyifyjzpfaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkY\ (pum;udk) 0efcH aZw0ef
ausmif;awmfodkY rjywfoGm;\/
omoemjyifyjzpfaom xdkwdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf ]]okE&Dy&dAdkZfronf aZw0efausmif;odkY rjywf
oGm;onfudk vltrsm; jrif\}} [k odMuaomtcg xdkokE&Dy&dAdkZfrudk owf xdkt&yfyifvQif
aZw0efausmif;awmf teD; (yef;rdIufpGefY&m) ajrmif;xJ ypfcsxm;NyD;vQif yaoe'Daumovrif;
xHodkY csOf;uyfvsuf yaoe'Daumovrif;udk ]]rif;BuD; tuREkfyfwdkY okE&Dy&dAdkZfrudk rawGUjrif&
awmhyg}} [k ajymqdkukef\/ toQifwdkYonf tb,ft&yf ,HkrSm; Muygoenf;[k (ar;\)/
rif;BuD; aZw0efausmif; ,HkrSm;Muygukef\[k (qkdMuukef\)/ odkYjzpfvQif aZw0ef ausmif;udk
(pl;prf;) &SmazGMuukefavmh [k (qdk\)/
xdktcg omoemjyifyjzpfaom xdkwdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf aZw0efausmif;udk pl;prf; &SmazG
(rdrdwdkY) ypfcsxm;cJh aom tavmif;aumifudk ajrmif;twGif;rS xkwfvsuf anmifapmif;i,fodkY
wifNyD;vQif om0wdNrdKUwGif;odkY oGif;Mu vrf;rwpfckrS vrf;rwpfckodkY vrf;qHkwpfckrS vrf;qHk
wpfckodkY csOf;uyfvsuf vlwdkYudk uJh&JUapukef\/
tarmifwdkY omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkY\ trIudk MunfhMuukefavmh? omuD0ifrif;om;
&[ef;wdkYonf t&Suf r&Sdukef/ oDvr&Sdukef/ ,kwfnHhaom oabm&Sdukef\/ r[kwfrrSef
ajymqdkukef\/ rjrwfaom tusifhudk usifhMuukef\/ odkYpOfvsuf &[ef;wdkYonf w&m;usifh
ukef\/ udk,fusifh aumif;ukef\/ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhMuukef\/ trSefudk ajymqdkMu
ukef\/ oDv&Sdukef\/ aumif;aom oabm&Sdukef\[k 0efcHMuukefbdao;\/ &[ef;wdkYtm;
&[ef;\ tusifhonf r&Sd? jrwfaom tusifhonf r&Sd? &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef; tusifhonf
aysmufuif;\/ jrwfaom tusifhonf aysmufuif;\/ &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;tusifhonf
tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/ jrwfaom tusifhonf tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/ &[ef;wdkYonf
&[ef;tusifhrS uif;ukef\/ &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfaom tusifhrS uif;ukef\/ a,mufsm;onf
a,mufsm;\ trIudk jyKNyD;vQif rdef;rudk tb,fhaMumifh owf&bdoenf; [k (uJh&JUapukef\)/
xdktcgom0wdNrdKUwGif;0,f vlwdkYonf &[ef;wdkYudk jrifvQif ravsmfaom Murf;wrf;aom
pum;wdkYjzifh qJa&;ukef\/ a&&Gwu
f kef\/ jcKwfjc,fukef\/ nOf;qJukef\- omuD0ifrif;om;
&[ef;wdkYonf t&Sufr&Sdukef/ oDvr&Sdukef/ ,kwfrmaom oabm&Sdukef\/ r[kwfrrSef
ajymukef\/ rjrwfaom tusifhudk usifhukef\/ odkY pOfvsuf &[ef;wdkYonf w&m;usifhukef\/
udk,fusifh aumif;ukef\/ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhMuukef\/ trSefudk ajymqdkMuukef\/ oDv&Sd
ukef\/ aumif;aom oabm &Sdukef\[l 0efcHukefbdao;\/ &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;\
tusifhonf r&Sd? jrwfaom tusifhonf r&Sd? &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;tusifhonf aysmufuif;\/
jrwfaom tusifhonf aysmufuif;\/ &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;tusifhonf tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/
jrwfaom tusifhonf tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/ &[ef;wdkYonf &[ef;tusifhrS uif;ukef\/
&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfaom tusifhrS uif;ukef\/ a,mufsm;onf a,mufsm;\ trIudk jyKNyD;vQif
rdef;rudk tb,fhaMumifh owf&bdoenf; [k (uJh&JUukef\)/
xdktcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk

,laqmifvsuf om0wdNrdKUodkY qGrf;cH0ifukef\/ om0wdNrdKU qGrf;cH vSnfhvnf qGrf;pm;NyD;
aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukefvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaomt&yf xdkifaeMu NyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m; tm; odkY avQmufukef\ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg om0wdNrdKU vlwdkYonf &[ef;wdkYudk jrifvQif ravsmfaom
Murf;wrf;aom pum;wdkY jzifh qJa&;ygukef\/ a&&Gwfygukef\/ jcKwfjc,fygukef\/ nOf;qJyg
ukef\/ ]]omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkYonf t&Sufr&Sdukef/ oDvr&Sdukef/ ,kwfrmaom oabm
&Sdukef\/ r[kwfrrSef ajymqdkukef\/ rjrwfaom tusifhudk usifhukef\/ odkYpOfvsuf &[ef;
wdkYonf w&m; usifhukef\/ udk,fusifh aumif;ukef\/ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhukef\/ trSefudk
ajymqdkMuukef\/ oDv&Sdukef\/ aumif;aom oabm&Sdukef\ [l 0efcHbdukefao;\/
&[ef; wdkYtm; &[ef;\ tusifhonf r&Sd? jrwfaom tusifhonf r&Sd? &[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;
tusifhonf aysmufuif;\/ jrwfaom tusifhonf aysmufuif;\/ &[ef;wdkYtm;
&[ef;tusifhonf tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/ jrwfaom tusifhonf tb,frSm &SdtHhenf;/ &[ef;
wdkYonf &[ef;tusifhrS uif;ukef\/ &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfaom tusifhrS uif;ukef\/
a,mufsm;onf a,mufsm;\ trIudk jyKNyD;vQif rdef;rudk tb,fhaMumifh owf&bd oenf;}} [k
uJh&JUMuygukef\ [k (avQmufukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY xdktoHonf MumjrifhpGm rjzpfEdkif? ckepf&ufrQom jzpfvdrfhrnf? ckepf&ufvGefvQif
uG,faysmuf vdrfhrnf/ &[ef;wdkY xdkodkY jzpfrl &[ef;wdkYudk jrifvQif ravsmfMurf;wrf;aom
pum;wdkYjzifh qJa&;ukef a&&Gwfukef jcKwfjc,fukef nOf;qJukefaom vlwdkYudk ]]r[kwfrrSef ajymavh&Sdolonf i&JodkY usa&muf&\/ raumif;rIjyKNyD;vQif ig rjyK[k
qdkolonfvnf; i&JodkY usa&muf&\/ ,kwfnHhaom trI&SdMuonfh xdkolESpfa,mufwdkYonf
b0rS wpfyg;aom wrvGefb0 wlrQpGm jzpfMu&ukef\}} [k *gxmjzifh jyefvnf
acsyMuukefavmh [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf xdk&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ txH *gxmudk oifNyD; &[ef;wdkYudk
jrifvQifravsmf Murf;wrf;aom pum;wdkYjzifh qJa&;ukef a&&Gwfukef jcKwfjc,fukef nOf;qJ
ukefaom vlwdkYudk &[ef;wdkYonf]]r[kwfrrSef ajymavh&Sdolonf i&JodkY usa&muf&\/ raumif;rIjyKNyD;vQif ig rjyK[k qdkol
onfvnf; i&JodkY usa&muf&\/ ,kwfnHhaom trI&SdMuonfh xdkolESpfa,mufwdkYonf b0rS
wpfyg;aom wrvGefb0 wlrQpGm jzpfMu&ukef\}} [k *gxmjzifh jyefvnf acsyMuukef\/
]]omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkYonf tjypfr&Sdukef/ omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkYonf
(raumif;rIudk) rjyK tyf? omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkYonf usdefpm qdkMuayukef\}} [k
vlwdkYtm; tMuHonf jzpf\/ xdktoH onf MumjrifhpGm rjzpfawmhay? ckepf&ufrQomvQif
jzpf\/ ckepf&uf vGefaomtcg uG,faysmufawmh\/
xdkYaemuf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;vsuf wpfck aom t&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; toQifbk&m;tHhMozG,f aumif;yg
aypG? toQifbk&m; rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG? toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]&[ef;wdkY toHonf
MumjrifhpGm rjzpfEdkif? ckepf&ufrQom jzpfvdrfh rnf? ckepf&ufvGefvQif uG,faysmufvdrfhrnf}} [laom
pum;udk tvGefaumif;pGm qdkawmfrlygay\/ toQifbk&m; xdktoHonf uG,faysmufoGm;ygNyD
[k avQmufukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef ]]ppfajrjyifodkY a&mufaom qifajymifBuD;udk jrm;vSHuefwdkYjzifh xdk;qGouJhodkY udk,f EIwf ESvHk;
rapmifhpnf;aom vlwdkYonf olwpfyg;wdkYudk EIwv
f SHuefjzifh xdk;qGukef\/ &[ef;onf olwpfyg;wdkY
ajymqdktyfaom Murf;aompum;udk Mum;&aomaMumifh a'gopdwf r&SdbJ onf;cH&m\}} [k
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
9 - Oyaoeokwf
39/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf-tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*dK[fjynf
&SOfheufwdkYtm; tpmauR; arG;&mjzpfaom a0VK0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg
0*FEykPm;\om; toQifOyaoe tm; wpfa,mufwnf; qdwfNidrf&m t&yfodkY udef;atmif;pOf
]]igonf t&awmfaypG? igonf aumif;pGm &tyfay pG? ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxdkufaom
(tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwdkifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ig\ q&maywnf;/
igonf vlUabmifrS xGufcJh aumif;pGm a[mtyfaom "r0de, ]omoemawmf} &[ef;
abmifodkY 0ifa&mufcJholvnf; jzpf\/ ig\ oDwif;oHk;azmfwdkYonfvnf; oDv&Sdukef\/ aumif;
aom oabm &Sdukef\/ igonf oDvwdkY jznfhusifh&olvnf; jzpf\/ igonf aumif;pGm
wnfMunf rjyefYvGifhaom pdwf&Sdol vnf; jzpf\/ igonf tmoa0g ukefcef;aom &[Emvnf;
jzpf\/ igonf BuD;aomwefcdk; tmEkabmf&Sdolvnf; jzpf\/ ightm; touf&Sifjcif;onf
vnf;aumif;? ao&jcif;onf vnf;aumif; aumif;\}} [k odkY pdwftMuH jzpf\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf 0*FEykPm;\om; toQifOyaoe\ pdwftMuHudk rdrdpdwfjzifh
ydkif;jcm;od xdkodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuif &[Emyk*dKvfudk &SdaeqJ toufonfvnf;
rESdyfpufEdkif? tMuif &[Em yk*dKvfonf aocgeD;tcgvnf; rpdk;&drf? edAmefudk jrifNyD;aom ynm
&Sdaom xdk&[Emyk*dKvfonf pdk;&drfolwdkY tv,f rpdk;&drf &awmhay/
b0wPSm NzwfawmufNyD; Nidrfoufaom pdwf&Sdoltm; Zmwdwnf;[laom oHo&monf
ukefcJhNyD/ xdk&[ef; tm; wpfzef b0topf r&SdawmhNyD}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 44 -- aarrC
Cd,
d,00**f f ======
10 - om&dykwOyorokwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg toQif
om&dykMwmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0;t&yf rdrd\ udavom Nidrf;at;rIudk qifjcifvsuf
udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifae\/
rdrd\ udavom Nidrf;at;jcif;udk qifjcifvsuf reD;ra0; udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif
xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeaom toQifom&dykMwmudk jrwfpGmbk&m; jrifawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef- ]]Nidrf;at;
Nidrfoufaom pdwf&Sd b0wPSm jywfNyD;aom &[ef;tm; Zmwdwnf;[laom oHo&monf
ukefcJhNyD/ xdk&[ef;onf rm&f\ taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfavawmh\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
'orokwf/
av;ckajrmuf arCd,0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
1 - yd,w&okwf
41/ tuREkfyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
yaoe'Daumovrif;onf rvdum rdzk&m;ESifhtwl jrwfaom jymom'fxuf wnfae\/
xdktcg yaoe'Daumovrif;onf rvdumrdzk&m;tm; ]]rvdum oifhtm; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol
wpfpHkwpfa,muf &Sdao;oavm}} [k ajymqdk\/
rif;BuD; uRefawmfrtm; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ r&Sdyg? rif;BuD;
t&Sifrif;BuD;tm;rl rdrd xuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,muf &Sdygao;oavm [k (ar;\)/
rvdum ightm;vnf; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ r&Sdyg [k (ajymqdk\)/
xdkYaemuf yaoe'Daumovrif;onf jymom'frS oufqif; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGm bk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;udktoQifbk&m; ,aeY wynfhawmfonf rvdum rdzk&m;BuD;ESifhtwl jrwfaom jymom'fxuf
wnfaevsuf rvdumrdzk&m;BuD;udk ]]rvdum oifhtm; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,muf
&Sdao;oavm}} [k ajymqdkyg\/ odkYqdkaomf rvdumrdzk&m;onf wynfhawmfudk ]]rif;BuD;
uRefawmfrtm; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ r&Sdyg? t&Sifrif;BuD;tm;rl rdrdxuf
cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,muf &Sdygao;oavm}} [k ar;yg\/ odkYar;aomf toQifbk&m;
wynfhawmf onf rvdum rdzk&m;udk ]]rvdum ightm;vnf; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol
wpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ r&Sd}} [k odkY ajymqdk ygonf [k (avQmuf\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef -]]tvHk;pHk
t&yfwdkYodkY pdwfjzifh tpOfavQmuf &SmazGaomfvnf; rdrdxuf cspfjrwfEdk;ol wpfpHkwpfa,muf
udkrQ r&Edkif? odkY olwpfyg;wdkYxuf rdrdudk,fudk toD;tjcm; cspf\/ xdkYaMumifh rdrdtusKd;pD;yGg;
vdkvm;olonf olwpfyg;udk rnOf;qJ&m}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
2 - tyg,kuokwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk; aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg
toQiftmeEmonf naecsrf;tcg wpfa,mufwnf; udef;atmif;&mrS xvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;
xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m; tHhHMozG,f &SdygaypG? toQifbk&m; rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG?
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ r,fawmfonf tvGefenf;aom touf&Sd\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;
arG;zGm;NyD; aemuf ckepf&ufajrmuf uG,fvGef wkodwmewfjynf jzpfyg\}} [k avQmuf\/
tmeEm[kwfay\/ tmeEm bk&m;avmif; r,fawmfwdkYonf enf;aom touf&Sdukef\/
bk&m;avmif;udk zGm;jrifNyD;aemuf ckepf&ufajrmuf uG,fvGefMu wkodwmewfjynf jzpfMu&
ukef\ [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef -]]tMuif
ow0gwdkYonf jzpfqJjzpfukef\/ tMuif ow0gwdkYonfvnf; aemifjzpfukefvwHU/ xdkow0g
tm;vHk;onf cEmudk,fudk y,fpGefY oGm;MuukefvwHU/ vdrmol ynm&Sdonf xdktvHk;pHk ysufpD;
qHk;HI;jcif;udk odjrif jyif;xefaom vkHYv&Sdvsuf jrwfaom tusifhudk usifh&m\}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
3 - okyAk'uk|dokwf
43/ tuREkfyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*dK[fjynf
&mZN*dK[fjynf okyAk'rnfaom vlElonf vlwumwdkYxuf qif;&Jol txD;usefol csKdUwJhol
jzpf\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom y&dowfjcH&H w&m;a[mvsufaeawmfrl\/
okyAk'vlElonf pka0;aeaom xdkvltaygif;udk ta0;uyifjrif ]]t&yf wpfpHkwpfck
aom cJzG,fudk vnf;aumif;? pm;aomufzG,fuv
dk nf;aumif; rcRwf{uef a0jcrf; ae[ef &Sdonf?
tu,f igonf xdkvltaygif; udk csOf;uyf&rl t&yf wpfpHkwpfckaom cJzG,fudk
vnf;aumif;? pm;zG,fudk vnf;aumif; &Edkifaumif;wef &m\}}[k tMuHjzpf\/
xdkYaemuf okyAk'vlElonf vltaygif;&Sd&modkY csOf;uyfavaomf rsm;pGmaom y&dowfjcH&H

w&m;a[maeaom jrwfpGmbk&m;udk jrifojzifh ]]t&yf wpfpHkwpfckaom cJzG,fudk vnf;
aumif;? pm;zG,fudk vnf;aumif; a0jcrf;aeonf r[kwf? &[ef;a*gwronf y&dowf
w&m;a[mae\/ igonfvnf; w&m;em&rl aumif;\}} [k MuHNyD;vQif xdkt&yfyif
]]igonfvnf; w&m;emtHh}} [k wpfckaomt&yf xdkif\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf vlrsKd;pHkyg0ifaom y&dowfudk pdwfawmfjzifh (y&dowf) pdwfudk
ydkif;jcm;od ]]y&dowf tb,folonf w&m;udk odxdkufoenf;}} [k ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdky&dowf xdkifaeaom okyAk'vlEludk jrif ]]y&dowf okyAk'vlElonf
w&m;udk odjcif;iSg xdkuf\}} [k MuHNyD;vQif okyAk'vlEludk taMumif;jyK tpOftwdkif;aom
w&m;udk a[mawmfrl\/ tpOftwdkif;aom w&m;pum; [lonf tb,fenf; 'geESifh
pyfaompum; oDvESifh pyfaompum; ewfjynfESifh pyfaompum; umr*kPfwdkY\ tjypf
,kwfnHhjcif; npfnL;jcif;ESifhpyfaom pum; umr*kPfwdkYrS xGufajrmufjcif; tusKd;Esifhpyfaom
pum;wdkY wnf;/ xdkpum;rsm;udk xif&Sm;jyawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf okyAk'vlEl cHhaom
pdwfEl;nHhaom pdwftydwftyif ]eD0&P} rS uif;aompdwf wuf<uaompdwf ,HkMunfaompdwf
&Sdonfudk odawmfrlaomtcg jrwfpGm bk&m;\ udk,fwdkif xkwfazmf odjriftyfaom omrkuHodu
w&m; a'oemawmfjzpfaom qif;&J ]'kuopm} udk vnf;aumif;? qif;&JjzpfaMumif;
]ork',opm} udk vnf;aumif;? qif;&JcsKyf&m ]eda&m"opm} udk vnf;aumif;? qif;&JcsKyf&m
(edAmef)odkU a&mufaMumif; vrf;pOf ]r*opm} udk vnf;aumif; jyawmfrl\/ rnf;eufjcif; uif;
pifMu,faom t0wfonf qdk;&nfudk aumif;pGm cH,louJhodkY twlomvQif okyAk'vlEltm;
xdkae&myifvQif ]]jzpfjcif; oabm&Sdaom w&m;onfcsKyfjcif;oabm &Sd\}} [k udavomjrL
tnpftaMu;uif;aom w&m;rsufpd ]aomwmywdr*fPf} onfxif&Sm;jzpfay:\/
xdkYaemuf okyAk'vlElonf w&m;odkY a&mufNyD;onfjzpf w&m;udk odNyD;onfjzpf w&m;odkY
ouf0ifNyD;onf jzpf ,HkrSm;jcif;udk ul;ajrmufNyD;onfjzpf (odkYavmodkYavm) awG;awmjcif;
uif;NyD;onfjzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoem &J&ifhjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;onfjzpf olwpfyg;udk
tm;xm; ,HkMunfonf r[kwfbJ udk,fwdkifyif odjrifNyD;jzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;rS wpfyg; ,HkMunf
udk;pm;xdkufol r&Sd&um; ae&mrSxum jrwfpGmbk&m;xHokYd csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif
wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomfjrwfpGmbk&m;udk toQifbk&m; (w&m;awmfonf) tvGef ESpfoufzG,f &Sdygay\/ toQifbk&m;
(w&m;awmfonf) tvGef ESpfoufzG,f &Sdygay\? toQifbk&m; Oyrmtm;jzifh arSmufxm;aom
0wKudk vSefbdouJhodkY vnf;aumif;? zHk;vTrf;tyfaom 0wKudk zGifhvSpfbdouJhodkY vnf;aumif;?
rsufpdvnfaomoltm; vrf;rSefudk ajymMum;bd ouJhodkY vnf;aumif; ]]rsufpdtjrif&Sdaom
olwdkYonf tqif;wdkYudk jrifMuvdrfhrnf}} [k trdkufarSmif qDrD;wefaqmifudk ndxGef; ouJhodkY
vnf;aumif; (toQifbk&m;) twlomvQif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom taMumif;jzifh
w&m;awmfudk jyawmfrlygay\/ toQifbk&m; tuREkfyfonf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk vnf;aumif;?
w&m;awmf udk vnf;aumif;? &[ef;oHCmawmfudk vnf;aumif; udk;uG,f&m[l qnf;uyfyg\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tuREkfyfudk ]],aeYrSp toufxufqHk; bk&m; w&m; oHCmawmfudk
udk;uG,fqnf;uyfol Oygoum}} [k rSwfawmfrlyg [l (avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemufokyAk'vlElonf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&mpum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm
jyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef&Tifvef; aptyfNyD;onf
&Sdaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk ESpfouf 0rf;ajrmuf ae&mrS xvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;NyD;vQiftdktaojyKum zJoGm;av\/ xdakY emuf zJoGm; rMumao;aom okyAk'vlEludk

EdkYpdkYEGm;i,f&Sdaom EGm;ronfa0SU owfav\/
xdktcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeMuukefNyD;aomf ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; w&mpum;jzifh tusKd;
pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm jyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef
&Tifvef;ap tyfaom okyAk'vlElonf uG,fvGefygNyD/ xdkokyAk' vlEl\ vm;&m*wdum;
tb,fygenf;/ wrvGefb0um; tb,fygenf;}} [k avQmufukef\/
&[ef;wdkY okyAk'vlElonf ynm&Sd\/ w&m;tm;avsmfaom tusifhudk xdk;xGif; od\/
w&m;wnf; [laom taMumif;aMumifh igbk&m;udk ryifyef;ap? &[ef;wdkY okyAk'vlElonf
oHa,mZOfoHk;yg;wdkY ukefjcif;aMumifh zdkz&J ysufpD;usa&mufjcif; oabmr&Sdaom udef;aojrJaom
txufr*foHk;yg;vQif vJavsmif;&m&Sdaom aomwmyef jzpf\ [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
odkY rdefYawmfrlaomf &[ef;wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m; okyAk'uvlElonf
vlwumwdkYxuf qif;&J&jcif; txD;usef&jcif; csKdUwJh&jcif; taMumif;um; tb,fygenf;/
taxmuftyHhum; tb,fygenf;}} [k (avQmuf\)/
&[ef;wdkY a&S; jzpfzl;onfum; okyAk'vlElonf &mZN*dK[fjynfyif olaX;om; jzpfzl;\/
xdkolaX;om;onf O,smOfodkY xGufvwfaomf (&mZN*dK[f) NrdKUodkY qGrf;cH0ifaom w*&odcD
yapuAk'gudk jrif ]]olonf tb,folenf; vlElonf vlElt0wfjzifh vSnfhvnf\}} [k
MuHpnfNyD;vQif wHawG;axG;um tdktao rjyKbJ zJoGm;\/ xdkolaX;om;onf xdkuH\
tusKd;aMumifh tESpft&m tESpftaxmif tESpftaomif;wdkYywfvHk; i&J usa&muf\/ xdkuH\
tusKd;<uif;aMumifh yifvQif &mZN*dK[fjynf vlwumwdkYxuf qif;&Jaom txD;usefaom
csKdUwJhaom vlEljzpf\/ xdkvlElonf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;tyfaom okwftbd"rm 0denf;udk
rSDjirf;jyK ,HkMunfrI ]o'g} udk aqmufwnf\/ apmifhxdef;rI ]oDv} udk aqmufwnf\/
tMum;tjrif ]okw} udk aqmufwnf\/ pGefYMuJrI ]pm*} udk aqmufwnf\/ ynmudk
aqmufwnf\/ xdkvlElonf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;tyfaom okwftbd"rm 0denf;udk rSDjirf;
jyK,HkMunfrI ]o'g} udk aqmufwnfaomaMumifh apmifhxdef; rI ]oDv} udk tMum;tjrif ]okw}
udk pGefYMuJrI ]pm*} udk ynmudk aqmufwnfaomaMumifh cEmudk,fysufpD; aoNyD;onfrSaemuf
aumif;aom vm;&mjzpfaom wm0womewfwdkY\ taygif;tazmfjzpfaom ewfjynfodkY
a&muf\/ xdkokyAk'vlElonf xdkwm0womewfjynf tqif;jzifh vnf;aumif;? tjcHt&Hjzifh
vnf;aumif; wpfyg;aom ewfwdkYxuf vGef wifhw,f\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]rsufpdtjrif &Sdolonf vkHYv0D&d, &Sdvwfaomf rnDGwfaom t&yfwdkYudk a&SmifMuOfouJhodkY
twl owavmu ynm&Sdaom olonf raumif;rIwdkYudk MuOfa&Smif&m\}}[k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
4 - ukrm&uokwf
rsm;pGmaomoli,fwdkYonf om0wdjynf ESifh aZw0efausmif;awmftMum; ig;zrf;aeMuukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf om0wd jynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfr\
l / jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynfESifh aZw0ef
ausmif;awmf tMum; ig;zrf;aeMu ukefaom rsm;pGmaom oli,fwdkYudk jrif oli,fwdkYxHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif oli,fwdkYudk ]]oli,fwdkY oifwdkYonf qif;&Judk rESpfoufMurlqif;&JrS
aMumufMu ukef\avm}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ rSefygonf toQifbk&m;? toQif bk&m;
wynfhawmfwdkYonf qif;&Judk rESpfoufMurl qif;&JrS aMumufMuygukef\}}[k (avQmufukef\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdk odaomtcsdef]]oifwdkYonf tu,f qif;&JrS aMumufukefrl qif;&Judk rESpfoufMuukefrl rsufarSmuf jzpfap?
rsufuG,f jzpfap raumif;rIudk rjyKMuukefvifh? oifwdkYonf ,kwfrmaom raumif;rIuHudk
,ckvnf;jyK aemifvnf; jyKrnfjzpfMurl zJa&Smif xGufajy;ukefaomfvnf; oifwdkYtm; qif;&JrS
vGwfajrmufrI r&SdEdkif}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
5 - Oaygoxokwf
ykAmHkausmif; rd*g&rmwm0domcg\ jymom'f oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf xdkOykofaeY &[ef;oHCm jcH&Hvsuf aeawmfrl\/
xdktcg toQiftmeEmonf nOfheufonfjzpf yXr,HvGefvwfaomf ae&mrS xum
vuf0Jwpfzuf ycHk;xuf {uoDudk pr,fwif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sd&modkY vuftkyfcsDvsuf
pum;udk avQmuf\ ]]toQifbk&m; nOfheufygNyD/ yXr,H vGefygNyD/ &[ef;oHCm xdkifae&
onfrSm MumjrifhygNyD/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYtm; ygwdarmufudk jyawmfrlyg}}
[k avQmufaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaeawmfrl\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQiftmeEmonf nOfheufonfjzpf rZdr,HvGefvwfaomf

ae&mrSxum vuf0J wpfzuf ycHk;xuf {uoDudk pr,fwif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sd&modkY vuftkyfcsD
vsuf ]]toQifbk&m; nOfheufygNyD/ rZdr,H vGefygNyD/ &[ef;oHCm xdkifae&onfrSm MumjrifhygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYtm; ygwdarmufudk jyawmfrlyg}} [k avQmuf\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaeawmfrl\/
oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQiftmeEmonf nOfheufojzifh ypdr,HvGef ESpfoufzG,f
rsufESmuJhodkY tkPf wufvwfaomf ae&mrSxum vuf0Jwpfzuf ycHk;xuf {uoDudk
pr,fwif jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sd&modkY vuftkyf csDvsuf ]]toQifbk&m; nOfheufygNyD/ ypdr,HvGef
ESpfoufzG,f rsufESmuJhodkY tkPfwufygNyD/ &[ef;oHCm xdkifae&onfrSm MumjrifhvSygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYtm; ygwdarmufudk jyawmfrlyg}} [k avQmufxm;\/
tmeEm y&dowfrpifMu,fao; [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;u tb,foludk &nf ]tmeEm y&dowf rpifMu,fao;} [k}}
rdefYawmfrloenf;[k toQifr[marm*vmeftm; tMuHjzpf\/ xdkYaemuf toQifr[marm*vmef
onf tvHk;pHkyg0ifaom &[ef;taygif;\ pdwfudk rdrdpdwfjzifh ydkif;jcm; ESvHk;oGif;awmfrl\/
toQifr[marm*vmefonf ,kwfnHhaom tusifh&Sdaom rpifMu,fonf jzpf ,HkrSm;
awG;awmzG,f tusifh&Sdaom trIudk zHk;uG,faom &[ef; r[kwfbJ &[ef;[k 0efcHaom
jrwfaom tusifhudk rusifhbJ jrwfaom tusifhudk usifh\ [k 0efcHaom twGif;ykyfaom
udavomrdk; pGwfaom trdIufozG,fjzpfaom &[ef;oHCm tv,f xdkifaeaom xdk'kDv
yk*dKvfudk jrif ae&mrSxNyD;vQif xdkyk*dKvfxHodkY csOf;uyfvsuf xdkyk*dKvfudk ]]ighoQifxavmh?
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf oifhudk jrifawmfrl\/ oifhtm; &[ef;wdkYESifh twlwuG aygif;oif;rI r&Sd}} [k
qdkaomfvnf; xdkyk*dKvfonf qdwfqdwfae\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; toQifr[marm*vmefonf xdkyk*dKvfudk ]]ighoQifxavmh? jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf oifhudk jrifawmfrl\/ oifhtm; &[ef;wdkYESifh twlwuG aygif;oif;rIr&Sd}} [k qdkaomfvnf;
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; xdkyk*dKvfonf qdwfqdwfae\/
xdktcg toQifr[marm*vmefonf xdkyk*dKvfudk vufarmif; udkifvsuf wHcg;rkcfjyifbufodkY
qGJxkwfNyD;vQif wHcg;ydwfum rif;wkwfvQKd jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf xdk&[ef;udk xGufoGm;apygNyD/ y&dowf pifMu,fygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYtm; ygwdarmuf udk jyawmfrlyg}} [k avQmufxm;\/
arm*vmef tHhMozG,f &SdaypG? arm*vmef rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaypG? xdk(r*fzdkvfrS) tcsnf;ESD;jzpfaom
a,mufsm;onf vufarmif;udk udkifxkwf&onfh wdkifatmif qdkif;iHhaebdao;\[k (rdefYawmfrl \)/
xdkYaemufjrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYudk rdeYaf wmfrl\- &[ef;wdkY igbk&m;onf ,cktcg
oifwdkYom Oykof jyKMuukefavmh? ygwdarmuf jyMuukefavmh? &[ef;wdkY ,aeYrS tpjyK
igbk&m;onf Oykof rjyKawmhtHh? ygwdarmuf rjyawmhtHh? &[ef;wdkY rpifMu,faom y&dowf
jrwfpGmbk&m; OykofjyKjcif; ygwdarmufjyjcif;onf taMumif;r[kwf? tcGifhr[kwf/ ork'&m\
tHhzG,f&Spfyg;
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&m tHhMozG,faom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwdkYonf &Spfyg;
wdkYwnf;/ ,if;tHhzG,f jzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom oabmwdkYudk jrifukefjrifukef tok&m
wdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGefarGUavsmf ukef\/ tb,f &Spfyg; wdkYenf; [lrl-
1/ &[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf tp urf;yg;apmufr&Sdrl tpOftwdkif; edrfh\/

tpOftwdkif; udkif;\/ tpOftwdkif; dIif;\/ &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY r[mork'&m\ tp urf;yg;
apmuf r&Sdrl tpOftwdkif; edrfhjcif; tpOftwdkif; udkif;jcif; tpOftwdkif; dIif;jcif;onf
r[mork'&m yXrjzpfaom tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabm
udk jrifukefjrifukef tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
2/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; r[mork'&monf wnfwHhaom oabm&Sd\/ urf;udk
rvGef/ &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY r[mork'&m\ wnfwHhaom oabm&Sdjcif; urf;udk rvGefjcif;
onfvnf; r[mork'&m 'kwd, tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;
oabmudk jrifukefjrifukef tok&mwdkYonf r[m ork'&m tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
3/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; r[mork'&monf taoaumifykyfESifh rqufqH?
r[mork'&m taoaumifykyf&SdcJhrl xdktaoaumifykyfudk urf;odkY vsifpGm ydkYaqmif\/ ukef;
wifap\? &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY r[m ork'&m\ taoaumifykyfESifh rqufqHjcif; r[mork'&m
taoaumifykyfonf &SdcJhrl xdktaoaumifykyfudk urf;odkY vsifpGm ydkYaqmifjcif;ukef;
wifapjcif;onfvnf; r[mork'&m wwd, tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom
oabmwnf;/
,if;oabmudk
jrifukefjrifukef
tok&mwdkYonf
r[mork'&m
tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
4/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; **Fgjrpf ,rkemjrpf tpD&0wDjrpf o&bljrpf r[Djrpf[laom
jrpfBuD; tm;vHk;wdkYonf r[mork'&modkY a&mufcJhaomf a&S;trnf tEG,fwdkYudk pGefYukef
]]r[mork'&m}} [lom ac:a0:jcif;odkY a&mufukef\/ &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY **Fgjrpf ,rkemjrpf
tpD&0wDjrpf o&bljrpf r[Djrpf[laom jrpfBuD; tm;vHk;wdkYonf r[mork'&modkY a&mufcJhaomf
a&S;trnf tEG,fwdkYudk pGefY ]]r[mork'&m}} [lom ac:a0:jcif;odkY a&muf&jcif;onf
r[mork'&m pwkw tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk
jrifukef jrifukef tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
5/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; avmu r[mork'&modkY jrpfa&tvsOf\ pD;0ifjcif;
aumif;uifrS rdk;a& tvsOf &Gmcsjcif;[laom taMumif;aMumifh r[mork'&m ,kwfavsmhrI
jynfhvQHrI rxif&Sm;? &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY avmu r[mork'&modkY jrpfa&tvsOf\ pD;0ifjcif;
aumif;uifrS rdk;a&tvsOf &Gmcsjcif;[laom taMumif; aMumifh r[mork'&m ,kwfavsmhrI
jynfhvQHrI rxif&Sm;jcif;onfvnf; r[mork'&m yr tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom
oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukefjrifuek f tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGef
arGUavsmfukef\/
6/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; r[mork'&monf iefaom t&om wpfrsKd;wnf;om &Sd\/
&[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY iefaom t&om wpfrsKd;wnf;om &Sdjcif;onfvnf; r[mork'&m q|
tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef
tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGefarGUavsmf ukef\/
7/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; r[mork'&m ykvJ jr aMumifrsuf&GJ ckoif;
ausmufovif; oEm a&T aiG ywjrm;eD ywjrm;ajymuf[laom wpfyg;rursm;aom &wem&Sd\/
&[ef;wdkY,if;odkY r[mork'&m ykvJ jr aMumifrsuf&GJ ckoif; ausmufovif; oEm a&T aiG
ywjrm;eD ywjrm;ajymuf [laom wpfyg;ru rsm;aom &wem &Sdjcif;onfvnf; r[mork'&m
owr tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef

tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
8/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsKd;um; r[mork'&monf wdrdrnfaomig; wdrd*Fvrnfaomig;
wdrdwdrd*Fv rnfaom ig; tok&me*g; *EAewf[lukefaom ow0gBuD;wdkY\ ae&mjzpf\/
r[mork'&m ,lZemwpf&m ,lZemESpf&m ,lZemoHk;&m ,lZemav;&m ,lZemig;&m cEmudk,f
twabm&Sdaom ow0gwdkYonf &Sdaeukef\/ &[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY r[mork'&m\ wdrdrnfaom
ig;wdrd*Fvrnfaomig; wdrdwdrd*Fvrnfaom ig; tok&m e*g; *EAewf[lukefaom
ow0gBuD;wdkY\ ae&mjzpfjcif; ,lZemwpf&m ESpf&m oHk;&m av;&m ig;&m twabm&Sdaom
ow0gwdkY &Sdaejcif;onfvnf; r[mork'&m t|r tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom
oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef tok&mwdkYonf r[mork'&m tvGef
arGUavsmfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY twlomvQif "r0de, ]omoemawmf} tHhMozG,faom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom
oabmwdkYonf &Spfyg;wdkYwnf;/ ,if;oabm &SpfrsKd;wdkYudk jrifukefjrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf
"r0de, ]omoemawmf} tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/ tb,f&Spfyg;wdkYenf;[lrl&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf tp urf;yg;apmuf r&Sdrl tpOftwdkif; edrfhouJhodkY
tpOftwdkif; udkif;ouJh odkY tpOftwdkif; dIif;ouJhodkY twlomvQif tp t&[wzdkvfudk
xdk;xGif; rodrl "r0de, ]omoemawmf} odumpOf&Sd\/ vkyfief;pOf&Sd\/ usifhpOf&Sd\/
&[ef;wdkY tp t&[wzdkvfudk xdk;xGif;rodrl "r0de, ]omoemawmf} odumpOf&Sdjcif;
vkyfief;pOf&Sdjcif; usifhpOf&Sdjcif;onf "r0de, ]omoemawmf} yXr tHhMozG,faom
rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukefjrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de,
]omoemawmf} tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf wnfwHhaom oabm urf;udk rvGefaom oabm &SdouJhodkY
twlomvQif igbk&m;onf wynfhwdkYtwGuf ynwfxm;aom odumyk'fudk ig\ wynfh
wdkYonf touf[laom taMumif; aMumifhrQvnf; rusL;ausmfukef/ &[ef;wdkY igbk&m;onf
wynfhwdkYtwGuf ynwfxm;aom odumyk'fudk ig\ wynfhwdkYonf touf[laom taMumif;
aMumifh rQvnf; rusL;ausmfjcif;onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} 'kwd, tHhMozG,faom
rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de,
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf taoaumifykyfESifh rqufqH? r[mork'&m taoaumifykyf
&SdcJhrl xdktao aumifykyfudk urf;odkY vsifpGm ydkYaqmif ukef; wifapouJhodkY twlomvQif
oDvr&Sdaom ,kwfnHhaom oabm&Sdaom rpifMu,faom awG;awmzG, tusifh&Sdaom trIudk
zHk;uG,faom &[ef; r[kwfbJ &[ef;[k 0efcHaom jrwfaom tusifhudk rusifhbJ jrwfaom
tusifhudk usifh\[k 0efcHaom twGif;ykyfaom udavomrdk; pGwfaom trdIufozG,fjzpfaom
'kDvyk*dKvfESifh oHCmonfrqufqH? pifppfrlum; pnf;a0; xdkyk*dKvfudk vsifpmG ESifxkwf\/
xdkyk*dKvfonf &[ef;oHCm tv,f xdkifaeapumrl oHCmrS a0;onfomwnf;/ oHCm
onfvnf; xdkyk*dKvfrS a0;onfomwnf;/
&[ef;wdkY oDvr&Sdaom ,kwfnHhaom oabm&Sdaom rpifMu,faom awG;awmzG,f tusifh
&Sdaom trIudk zHk;uG,faom &[ef;r[kwfbJ &[ef;[k 0efcHaom jrwfaom tusifhudk rusifhbJ
jrwfaom tusifhudk usifh\[k 0efcHaom twGif;ykyfaom udavomrdk; pGwfaom trdIufozG,f
jzpfaom 'kDvESifh oHCmonf rqufqH? pifppfrlum; pnf;a0; xdkyk*dKvfudk vsifpGm

ESifxkwfjcif; xdkyk*dKvfonf &[ef;oHCm tv,f xdkifaeapumrl oHCmrSa0;jcif; oHCm
onfvnf; xdkyk*dKvfrS a0;jcif; onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} wwd, tHhMozG,faom
rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de,
&[ef;wdkY **Fgjrpf ,rkemjrpf tpD&0wDjrpf o&bljrpf r[Djrpf[laom jrpfBuD;tm;vHk;wdkYonf
r[mork'&modkY a&mufcJhaomf a&S;trnftEG,fwdkYudk pGefYukef ]]r[mork'&m}} [lom
ac:a0:jcif;odkY a&mufukef ouJhodkY twlomvQif &[ef;wdkY rif;rsKd; ykPm;rsKd; ukefonfrsKd;
olqif;&JrsKd;[laom trsKd;av;yg;wdkYonf vlUabmifrS cGg jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;tyfaom
"r0de,]omoemawmf} &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&mufcJhaomf a&S;jzpfaom trnftEG,fwdkYudk
pGefYukef]]omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkY}} [l ac:a0:jcif;odkY a&mufukef\/ &[ef;wdkY rif;rsKd;
ykPm;rsKd; ukefonfrsKd; olqif;&JrsKd;[laom trsKd;av;yg;wdkYonf vlUabmifrS cGg jrwfpGmbk&m;
a[mMum;tyfaom "r0de, ]omoemawmf} &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&mufcJhaomf a&S;jzpfaom
trnftEG,fwdkY udk pGefYukef ]]omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;wdkY}} [l ac:a0:jcif;odkY a&mufjcif;
onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} pwkwtHhMozG,faom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabm
wnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de, ]omoemawmf} tvGef
arGUavsmfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY avmu r[mork'&modkY jrpfa&tvsOf\ pD;0ifjcif; aumif;uifrS rdk;a&tvsOf
&Gmcsjcif;[laom taMumif;aMumifh r[mork'&m\ ,kwfavsmhrI jynfhvQHrI rxif&Sm; ouJhodkY
twlomvQif rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf cEm r<uif;usefaom edAme"mwfjzifh y&dedAmef
jyKukef\/ ,if;y&dedAmef jyKjcif;aMumifh edAmef ,kwfavsmhrI jynfhvQHrI rxif&Sm;? &[ef;wdkY
rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf cEmr<uif;usefaom edAme"mwfjzifh y&dedAmef jyKjcif;aMumifh edAmef
,kwfavsmhrI jynfhvQHrI rxif&Sm;jcif;onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} yr tHhMozG,f
aom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf
"r0de, ]omoemawmf} tvGefarGUavsmfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf iefaom t&om wpfrsKd;wnf;om &SdouJhodkY twl
"r0de, ]omoemawmf} udavomrS vGwfajrmufrI t&om wpfrsKd;wnf;om &Sd\/
&[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY "r0de, ]omoemawmf} udavomrS vGwfajrmufrI t&om wpfrsKd;
wnf;om &Sdjcif;onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} q| tHhMozG,faom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom
oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukefjrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de, ]omoemawmf}
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&m ykvJ jr aMumifrsuf&GJ ckoif; ausmufovif; oEm a&T
aiGywjrm;eD ywjrm; ajymuf [lao mwpfyg;ru rsm;aom &wem&Sd ouJhodkY twl
"r0de, ]omoemawmf} owdy|mefav;yg; ory"mefav;yg; 'dyg'fav;yg; aNEig;yg;
Adkvfig;yg;aAmZifckepfyg; t&d,r*if&Spfyg;[laom wpfyg;ru rsm;aom &wem&Sd\/ &[ef;wdkY
,if;odkY "r0de, ]omoemawmf} owdy|mefav;yg; ory"mefav;yg; 'dyg'fav;yg;
aNEig;yg; Adkvfig;yg; aAmZifckepfyg; t&d,r*if &Spfyg;[laom wpfyg;ru rsm;aom &wem
&Sdjcif;onfvnf; "r0de, ]omoemawmf} owr tHhMozG,faom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom
oabmwnf;/ ,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de,]omoemawmf}
&[ef;wdkY r[mork'&monf wdrdig; wdrd*Fvig; wdrdwdrd*Fvig; tok&m ewfe*g; *EAewf

[laom ow0gBuD;wdkY\ ae&mjzpf ,lZemwpf&m ESpf&m oHk;&m av;&m ig;&m twabm
&Sdaom ow0gwdkY &Sdukef ouJhodkY twlomvQif "r0de, ]omoemawmf} onf aomwmyef
yk*dKvf? aomwmywdzdkvfudk rsufarSmufjyK&ef usifhaom yk*dKvf? ou'g*grfyk*dKvf? ou'g*grdzdkvf
udk rsufarSmufjyK&ef usifhaom yk*dKvf? tem*grfyk*dKvf? tem*grdzdkvfudk rsufarSmufjyK&ef
usifhaom yk*dKvf? &[Emyk*dKvf? t&[wzdkvf tusKd;iSg usifhaom yk*dKvfwdkY [laom jrwfaom
yk*dKvfwdkY\ ae&m jzpf\/
&[ef;wdkY ,if;odkY "r0de, ]omoemawmf} onf aomwmyefyk*dKvf? aomwmywdzdkvfudk
rsufarSmufjyK&ef usifhaom yk*dKvf? ou'g*grfyk*dKvf? ou'g*grdzdkvfudk rsufarSmufjyK&ef
usifhaom yk*dKvf? tem*grfyk*dKvf? tem*grdzdkvfudk rsufarSmufjyK&ef usifhaom yk*dKvf? &[Em
yk*dKvf? t&[wzdkvf? tusKd;iSg usifhaom yk*dKvfwdkY [laom jrwfaom yk*dKvfwdkY\ae&m jzpfjcif;
onf "r0de, ]omoemawmf} t|r tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJjzpfaom oabmwnf;/
,if;oabmudk jrifukef jrifukef &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de, ]omoemawmf} tvGef
arGUavsmfukef\/ &[ef;wdkY"r0de, ]omoemawmf} tHhMozG,fjzpfaom rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfaom
&Spfyg;aom oabmwdkYudk jrifukef jrifuke
f &[ef;wdkYonf "r0de, ]omoemawmf}
tvGefarGUavsmfukef\ [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tmywfudk zHk;vTrf;oludk udavomrdk; pGwf\/ tmywfudk zGifhvSpfazmfjy oludk udavomrdk;rpGwf?
xdkYaMumifh zHk;vTrf;rIudk zGifhvSpfazmfjyukef avmh? odkY zGifhvSpfazmfjyonf&Sdaomf xkdoludk
udavomrdk; rpGwfEdkifay}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
6 - aomPokwf
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r[mupnf;onf t0Edwkdif; uk&&C&NrdKU y0wawmif aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg uka#xkdufaom
em;wefqmudk 0wfqifaom aomPrnfaom Oygoumonf toQifr[mupnf;\ tvkyf
tauR; jzpf\/
xkdtcg uka#xkdufaom em;wefqmudk 0wfqifaom aomPrnfaom Oygoumtm;
qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf wpfa,mufwnf;aepOf ]]toQifr[mupnf; a[mawmfrlwkdif;aom
w&m;awmfudk vlUabmif aeol onf pifppf jynfhpHkpifMu,f ckoif;yGwfopfESifh wlaom
jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhjcif;iSg rvG,fulacs? igonf qHrkwfqdwfudk y,fNyD;vQif
zef&nfqdk;aom t0wfwdkYudk 0wfHkvsuf vlUabmifrS &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf&rl aumif;avpG}}

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xkdifaeNyD;aomf wynfhawmftm; ]]toQif r[mupnf; a[mawmfrlwkdif;aom w&m;awmfudk
vlUabmif aeolonf pifppf jynfhpHk pifMu,f ckoif; yGwfopfESifhwlaom jrwfaom
tusifhudk usifhjcif;iSg rvG,fulyg? igonf qHrkwfqdwfudk y,fNyD;vQif zef&nfqdk; aom
t0wfwdkYudk 0wfHkvsuf vlUabmifrS &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf&rl aumif;avpG}} [k pdwftMuH
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0wfqifaom aomP Oygoumudk ]]aomP toufxufqHk; wpfxyfwnf;om pm;&aom
wpfa,mufwnf;om tdyf&aom jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhjcif;onf cJ,Of;vS\/ aomP
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pm;&aom wpfa,mufwnf;om tdyf&aom bk&m;&SifwdkY tqHk;tr[k qdktyfaom jrwfaom
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ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/ toQifr[mupnf;onf uka#xkdufaom em;wefqmudk 0wfqif
aom aomP Oygoumudk ]]aomP toufxufqHk; wpfxyfwnf;om pm;&aom wpfa,muf
wnf;om tdyf&aom jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhjcif;onf cJ,Of;vS\/ aomP wkdufwGef;\/
oifonf xkdvlUabmifomvQif vltjzpfESifh tcgtm;avsmfpGm wpfxyfwnf;om pm;&aom
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usifhavmh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf; uka#xkdufaom em;wefqm udk 0wfqifaom
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qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf wpfa,mufwnf; aepOf ]]toQifr[mupnf; a[mawmfrlwkdif;aom
w&m;awmfudk vlUabmif aeolonf pifppf jynfhpHkpifMu,f ckoif; yGwfopfESifhwlaom
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qdk;aom t0wfwdkYudk 0wfHkvsuf vlUabmifrS &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf&rl aumif;avpG}} [k
pdwf tMuH jzpf\/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; uka#xkdufaom em;wefqmudk 0wfqifaom aomP
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wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeNyD;aomf toQifr[mupnf;udk toQifbk&m; qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf wpfa,mufwnf;aeaom wynfhawmftm;
]]toQifr[mupnf; a[mawmfrlwkdif;aom w&m;awmfudk vlUabmif aeolonf pifppf
jynfhpHkpifMu,f ckoif; yGwfopfESifhwlaom jrwfaom tusifhudk usifhjcif;iSg rvG,fulacs?
igonf qHrkwfqdwfudk y,fNyD;vQif zef&nfqdk;aom t0wfwdkYudk 0wfHkvsuf vlUabmifrS
&[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&muf&rl aumif;avpG}} [k pdwftMuHjzpfyg\/ toQifbk&m; toQif
r[mupnf;onf tuREkfyfudk &Sif&[ef; jyKay;awmfrlyg[k pum;udk avQmuf\/
xkdtcg toQifr[mupnf;onf uka#xkdufaom em;wefqmudk 0wfqifaom aomP

Oygoumudk &SifjyKay;av\/ xkdpOftcg t0Edwkdif; 'udPmyxZeyk'fonf &[ef;enf;yg;\/
xkdtcg toQifr[mupnf; onf oHk;ESpfvGefojzifh NiKdjiifyifyef;pGm xkdxkdt&yfrS wpfusdyf
tpk&Sdaom &[ef;taygif;udk pnf;a0;apNyD;vQif toQifaomPudk yif;cHay;\/
xkdtcg toQifaomPrax&ftm; 0guRwf qdwfNidrf&m t&yfodkY uyfvsuf wpfa,muf
wnf; aepOf ]]xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;onf odkY oabm&Sdaom lyum,aus;Zl; odkY oabm&Sdaom
"rum,aus;Zl; &Sdawmfrl\[k igonf Mum;zl;Hkomwnf;/ igonf rsufarSmufxifxif
rjrif&zl;ay? tu,f OyZm,fq&monf ighudk cGifhjyKjim;tHh? igonf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrl
xkdufaom (tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;udk
zl;ajrmfjcif;iSg oGm;vdk\}} [k pdwftMuH jzpf\/
xdkYaemuf toQifaomPrax&fonf naecsrf;tcgwpfa,mufwnf; udef;atmif;ae&mrS
xvsuf toQif r[mupnf;xHodkY csOf;uyf toQifr[mupnf;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaom
t&yf xkdifNyD;aomf toQifr[m upnf;udk toQifbk&m; qdwfNidrf&modkY uyfvsuf
wpfa,mufwnf; udef;atmif;aeaom wynfhawmftm; ]]xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;onf odkY oabm
&Sdaom lyum,aus;Zl; odkY oabm&Sdaom "rum,aus;Zl; &Sdawmfrl\[k igonf Mum;zl;Hk
omwnf;/ igonf rsufarSmufxifxif rjrif&zl;ay? tu,f OyZm,fq&monf ighudk
cGifhjyKjim;tHh? igonf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom (tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm
odawmfrlaom xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;ajrmfjcif;iSg oGm;vdk\}} [k odkY pdwftMuH jzpfygonf[k
avQmuf\/
aomP aumif;aypG aumif;aypG? aomP oifonf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom
(tvHk;pHkaom w&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;ajrmf&efoGm;avmh/
aomP oifonf MunfndK zG,f yom'eD,*kPfudk aqmifvsuf Nidrfoufaom aÈ
Nidrf;at;aom pdwf&Sdaom tvGeftuJ qHk;rjcif; tvGef tuJ Nidrf;at;jcif;odkY a&mufonfjzpf
udk,ftrlt&m ,Ofaus;aom EIwftrlt&mudk apmifha&Smufaom redaÈudk apmifhpnf; awmfrl
aom qifajymifBuD;ozG,fjzpfaom xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;udk zl;ajrmf&vwHU/ zl;ajrmfNyD; ]]toQifbk&m;
tuREkfyf\ OyZm,fq&mjzpfaom toQifr[mupnf;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk
OD;acgif; jzifh &Sdcdk;vdkufyg\/ temr&Sdjcif; qif;&Juif;jcif; vsifpGm x<uEdkifaom cGeftm;&Sdjcif;
csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udkvnf; ar;avQmufvdkufyg\}} [k ig\ pum;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;\
ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk;avavmh? temr&Sdjcif; qif;&Juif;jcif; vsifpGm x<uEdkifaom
cGeftm;&Sdjcif; csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udkvnf; ar;avQmufavavmh[k (rdefYqdk\)/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQifaomPonf toQifr[mupnf; ajymqdkaom
pum;udk tvGef ESpfouf0rf;ajrmuf ae&mrS xvsuf toQifr[mupnf;udk &Sdcdk;
tkdtaojyKum ausmif; tdyf&m ae&mudk odrf;qnf;NyD;vQif oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf
om0wdjynfodkY a'opm&D zJoGm;av\/ tpOftwkdif; a'opm&D vSnfhvnfvwfaomf
om0wdjynf temxydPfolaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; jrwfpGmbk&m; xHodkY csOf;uyf
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; wpfckaomt&yf xkdifNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m;
wynfhawmf\ OyZm,fq&mjzpfaom toQifr[mupnf;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk
OD;acgif;jzifh &Sdcdk; vdkufyg\/ temr&Sdjcif; qif;&Juif;jcif; vsifpGmx<uEdkifaom cGeftm;&Sdjcif;
csrf;ompGm ae&jcif;udk ar;avQmuf vdkufyg\}} [k (avQmuf\)/
&[ef; cHhusef;\avm? rQw\avm? ryifyef;bJ c&D;udk vmcJh&\avm? qGrf;jzifh NiKdjiifjcif;

rjzpfbJ &Sdyg\ avm[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ jrwfpGmbk&m; cHhusef;yg\/ rQwyg\/ toQifbk&m;
wynfhawmfonf ryifyef;bJ c&D;udk vmcJh&yg\/ qGrf;jzifhvnf; yifyef;jcif; rjzpfyg[k
(avQmuf\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQiftmeEmudk ]]tmeEm tm*EK&[ef;\ tdyf&mae&mudk
cif;avmh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ xkdtcg toQiftmeEmtm; ]]tMuif &[ef;twGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf ]tmeEm tm*EK&[ef;\ tdyf&mae&mudk cif;avmh} [k ighudk apcdkif;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
xkd&[ef;ESifh wpfausmif;wnf; aevdk\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQifaomPESifhtwl wpfausmif;
wnf; aevdk\}} [k tMuHjzpfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m; aeawmf rlaom (*Euk#d) ausmif;
toQifaomP\ tdyf&mae&mudk cif;av\/y/
xdkYaemufjrwfpGmbk&m;onf nOfheufonfh wkdifatmif vGifwD;acgif xkdifaejcif;jzifh
(tcsdefudk) vGefapvsuf ajcawmfwdkYudk aq;NyD;vQif (*Euk#d) ausmif;awmfodkY 0ifawmfrl\/
toQifaomPonfvnf; nOfheufonf wkdifatmif vGifwD;acgif xkdifaejcif;jzifh tcsdefudk
vGefapvsuf ajcaq;NyD;vQif (*Euk#d) ausmif;odkY 0if\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf nOfh\
rdk;aomuf,Htcg x ]]toQifaomPudk &[ef; oifonf w&m;a[mavmh}} [k wkdufwGef;
awmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQifaomPonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk 0efcH
t|u0*fygaom wpfq,fhajcmufokwfvHk;wdkYudk toHjzifh &Gwfqdk\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
toQifaomP\ om,mpGm &Gwfqdkonf\ tqHk; ]]&[ef; aumif;aypG aumif;aypG? &[ef;
oifonf t|u0*f ygaom wpfq,fh ajcmufokwfvHk;wdkYudk aumif;pGm oifxm;ay\/
aumif;pGm ESvHk;oGif; xm;ay\/ aumif;pGm aqmifxm;ay\/ oefY&Sif; tjypfuif;aom
teufudk odjcif;iSg pGrf;Edkifaom om,maom pum;ESifhvnf; jynfhpHk\ [k tEkarm'em
jyKawmfrl &[ef; oifonf tb,frQavmuf 0g&NyDenf;}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
jrwfpGmbk&m; wynfhawmfonf wpf0gom &ygao;\[k (avQmuf\)/ &[ef; oifonf
tb,fhaMumifh odkY MumjrifhrS &[ef;jyKoenf;[k rdefYawmfrl\/ toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf
umr*kPfwdkY tjypfudk jrifonfum; MumygNyD/ odkYaomfvnf; vlUabmif ae&jcif;onf
usOf;ajrmif;yg\/ rsm;aom udp& Sdyg\/ rsm;aom jyKzG,f &Sdyg\[k (avQmuf\)/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]pifMu,faom olonf
raumif;rI rarGUavsmfEdkif? xdkYaMumifh t&d,m yk*dKvfonf tvHk;pHk ocFg&avmu tjypfudk
jrif Oy"duif;&m edAmefw&m;udk odNyD;aomaMumifh raumif;rI rarGUavsmfawmhay}} [k
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
7 - ucFga&0wokwf
47/ tuREfkyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
toQifucFga&0wonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; rdrd\ ,HkrSm;tm;vHk;rS vGefajrmuf
udavomwdkYrS pifMu,faom t&d,r*fw&m;udk qifjcifvsuf udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif
xuf0,fzGJUacGxkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; rdrd\ ,HkrSm;tm;vHk;rS vGefajrmuf udavomwdkYrS
pifMu,faom t&d,r*f w&m;udk qifjcifvsufudk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG
xkdifaeaom toQifucFga&0wudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk
odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]ypKyef twabm vnf;aumif;? twdwftem*wf
twabm vnf;aumif;? rdrdtwabm &tyfonfvnf; jzpfukefaom olwpfyg; twabm
&tyfonfvnf; jzpfukefaom ,HkrSm;jcif; tm;vHk;wdkYonf &Sdukef\/ orx 0dyemjzifh
raumif;rI 'kpkdufudk IdUNrdKufMuNyD;vQif ory"mefvkHYv &SdMuukefvsuf r*fwnf;[laom
jA[p&d,udk usifhoHk;&&SdMuol yk*dKvfwdkYonf xkd,HkrSm;rI tm;vHk;wdkYudk y,fpGefYEdkifMuukef\}} [k
O'gef;udk usL;&ifh awmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
8 - oHCab'okwf
toQiftmeEmonf OykofaeY wpfaeY eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf &mZN*dK[fjynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/
a'0'wfonf &mZN*dK[fjynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifaom toQiftmeEmudk jrif toQiftmeEmxHodkY
csOf;uyfNyD;vQif toQiftmeEmtm; ]]ighoQiftmeEm igonf ,aeYrStpjyK jrwfpGmbk&m;rS
vnf;aumif;? &[ef;oHCmrS vnf;aumif;? toD;tjcm;cGJomvQif Oykofudk vnf;aumif;?
oHCuHudk vnf;aumif; jyKtHh}} [k ajymqdk\/
xdkYaemuf toQiftmeEmonf &mZN*dK[fjynf qGrf;cHvSnfhvnf qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf
qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf
xkdifNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfonf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf
oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf &mZN*dK[f jynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifyg\/ toQifbk&m; a'0'wfonf
&mZN*dK[fjynf qGrf;cH0ifaom wynfhawmfudk jrif wynfhawmfxHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif
wynfhawmfudk ]]ighoQiftmeEm igonf ,aeYrS tpjyK jrwfpGmbk&m;rS vnf;aumif;? &[ef;
oHCmrS vnf;aumif;? toD;tjcm; cGJomvQif Oykofudk vnf;aumif;? oHCuHudk vnf;
aumif; jyKawmhtHh}} [k ajymqdkyg\/ toQifbk&m; ,aeY a'0'wfonf oHCmudk oif;cGJvwHU/
Oykofudk vnf;aumif;? oHCuHudk vnf;aumif; jyKawmhtHh}} [k odkY avQmuf\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif; t&mudk odawmfr
l xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]olawmfaumif;onf
aumif;aom trIudk jyKvG,f\/ ol,kwfrmonf aumif;aom trIudk jyKEdkifcJ\/ ol,kwfrmonf
raumif;aom trIudk jyKvG,f\/ t&d,m olawmfaumif;wdkYonf raumif;aom trIudk jyKzdkY&ef
cJ,Of;vS\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
9 - o"m,rmeokwf
49/ tuREfkyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumovwkdif;
wdkY rsm;pGmaom &[ef;taygif;ESifhtwl a'opm&D vSnfhvnfawmfr\
l / xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom
vkvifwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; jyuf&,f ajymqdkjcif; oabm&Sdukefvsuf jzwfoef;
oGm;Muukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; jyuf&,f ajymqdkaom oabm&Sdonf jzpf
jzwfoef;oGm;Muukefaom rsm;pGmaom vkvifwdkYudk jrifonfom wnf;/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]owdvGwfukefaom ynm&Sda,mif
aqmifukefaom pum;om usufpm;&m&Sd olwdkYonf tvdk&SdorQ cHwGif;[ ajymqdkwwfukef\?
t&Sufr&Sdjcif; rdrdudk,fudk ynm&Sd[k xifrSwfrIudk aqmifaMumif;jzpfaom owduif;vGwfrI
ponfudkrl xkdolwdkY rodMuavukef}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 55 -- aao
ommP
P00**f f ======
10 - plVyEuokwf
50/ tuREfkyfonfodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf
toQifplVyEuonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; owdudk a&S;IxifapNyD;vQifudk,fudk
ajzmifhrwfpGm xm; xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; owdudk a&S;IxifapNyD;vQifudk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;
xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifaeaom toQifplVyEuudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef - ]]aumif;pGm xm;tyfaom udk,faumif;pGm
xm;tyfaom pdwf&Sdonfjzpf &yfaomf vnf;aumif;? xkdifaomf vnf;aumif;? xkdrSwpfyg;
avsmif;aomf vnf;aumif; odkY owdudk aumif;pGmxm;aom &[ef;onf a&SUaemufjzpfaom
tusKd;xl;udk &&m\/ a&SUaemufjzpfaom tusKd;xl;udk &aomaMumifh aorif; rjrif&m edAmefodkY
a&mufEdkif&m\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'orokwf/
ig;ckajrmufaomP0*fNyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
1 - tm,kocFga&mZeokwf
51/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a0omvDjynf
r[m0kefawm jymom'faqmifaygufaom ausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf a0omvDjynfodkY
qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/ a0omvDjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnf qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhNyD;aomf
]]tmeEm ae&mxkdifcif;udk ,lcJhavmh? aeYoefYpif&ef pmygv apwDodkY csOf;uyfukeftHh}} [k
toQiftmeEmtm; rdefYawmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk 0efcHNyD;vQif
ae&mxkdifcif;udk ,l jrwfpGmbk&m;\ aemufrS aemufrS tpOfvdkufav\/ xdkYaemuf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pmygvapwDodkY csOf;uyf cif;xm;aom ae&m xkdifawmfrlNyD;aomf tmeEm
a0omvDjynfonf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ Oa'eewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ a*gwr
ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ owrewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ A[k ykw
ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f&Sd\/ om&E'ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ pmygvewfuGef;onf
arGUavsmf zG,f &Sd\/ tmeEm wpfpHkwpfa,mufaom olonf NyD;pD;jcif;\ tajccH
]'dyg'fav;yg;} wdkYudk yGg;rsm;xm;\/ avhusifhxm;\/ ,mOfuJhodkY jyKxm;\/ wnf&muJhodkY
jyKxm;\/ aqmufwnfxm;\/ aumif;pGm qnf;yl;xm;\/ aumif;pGm tm;xkwfxm;\/
xkdolonf tvdk&SdcJhrl tm,kuyfywfvHk;jzpfap? tm,kuyfxuf vGefjzpfap wnfEdkifay\/
tmeEm jrwfpGmbk&m;onfum; NyD;pD;jcif;\ tajccH ]'dyg'f av;yg;} wdkYudk yGg;rsm;xm;NyD;
jzpf\/ avhusihfxm;NyD; jzpf\/ ,mOfuJhodkY jyKxm;NyD; jzpf\/ wnf&muJhodkY jyKxm;NyD; jzpf\/
aqmufwnfxm;NyD; jzpf\/ aumif;pGm qnf;yl;xm;NyD; jzpf\/ aumif;pGm tm;xkwfxm;NyD;
jzpf\/ tmeEm (odkYjzpf) jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvdk&SdcJhrl tm,kuyf ywfvHk;jzpfap?
tm,kuyfxuf vGefjzpfap wnfEdkifay\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQiftmeEmonfum; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xif&Sm;aom edrdwft&dyfta&mif odkY
yifjyaomfvnf; rm&fewf aESmifh,SufcH&aom pdwf&SdaomaMumifh oabmaygufjcif;iSg rpGrf;Edkifacs?
(xdkYaMumifh ) ]]toQifbk&m; vltrsm;\ pD;yGg;csrf;om tvdkYiSg avmuudk apmifha&Smuf&ef tvdkYiSg
ewfvlwdkY\ tusKd;pD;yGg;ESifh csrf;om tvdkYiSg bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm,kuyf
ywfvHk; wnfawmfrlygavmh}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;udk rawmif;yefrd acs? ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/
oHk;Budrf ajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQiftmeEmtm; rdefYawmfrl\tmeEm a0omvDjynfonf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ Oa'eewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f&Sd\/
a*gwrewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ owrewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ A[k ykw
ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ om&E' ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ pmygv
ewfuGef;onf arGUavsmfzG,f &Sd\/ tmeEm wpfpHkwpfa,mufaom olonf NyD;pD;jcif;\ tajccH
]'dyg'fav;yg;} wdkYudk yGg;rsm;xm;\/ avhusifhxm;\/ ,mOfuJhodkY jyKxm;\/ wnf&m uJhodkY
jyKxm;\/ aqmufwnf xm;\/ aumif;pGm qnf;yl;xm;\/ aumif;pGm tm;xkwfxm;\/
xkdolonf tvdk&SdcJhrl tm,kuyf ywfvHk;jzpfap? tm,kuyfxuf vGefjzpfap wnfEdkifay\/
tmeEm jrwfpGmbk&m;onf um; NyD;pD;jcif;\ tajccH ]'dyg'fav;yg;} wdkYudk yGg;rsm;xm;NyD;

jzpf\/ avhusihfxm;NyD; jzpf\/ ,mOfuJhodkY jyKxm;NyD; jzpf\/ wnf&muJhodkY jyKxm;NyD; jzpf\/
aqmufwnfxm;NyD; jzpf\/ aumif;pGm qnf;yl;xm;NyD; jzpf\/ aumif;pGm tm;xkwfxm;NyD;jzpf\/
tmeEmodkY jzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvdk&SdcJhrl tm,kuyfywfvHk;jzpfap? tm,kuyfxufvGef
jzpfap wnfEdkifay\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xif&Sm;aom edrdwft&dyf ta&mifudk odkY yifjyaomfvnf; rm&fewf
aESmifh,SufcH&aom pdwf&Sdaom toQiftmeEmonf oabmaygufjcif;iSg rpGrf;Edkifacs? (xdkYaMumifh)
]]toQifbk&m; vltrsm;\ pD;yGg;csrf;om tvdkYiSg avmuudk apmifha&Smuf&ef tvdkYiSg ewfvlwdkY\
tusKd;pD;yGg;ESifh csrf;om tvdkYiSg bkef;awmf BuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tm,kuyfywfvHk;
wnfawmfrlygavmh}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;udk rawmif;yefrdacs/
xkdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]tmeEm oifoGm;avmh? ,cktcg oGm;&eftcsdefudk oifod\}} [k
toQif tmeEmtm; (rdefYawmfrl\)/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQiftmeEmonf
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;udk 0efcHNyD;vQif ae&mrSxum jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf tkdtaojyK
reD;ra0; wpfckaom opfyif&if; xkdifae av\/
xkdktcg toQiftmeEm zJ<u rMumrD ,kwfrmaom rm&fewfonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyf wpfckaom t&yf &yfNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\]]toQifbk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg y&dedAmefjyKawmfrlyg?
aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmf rlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlyg?
toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmefjyK&ef tcsdefwefygNyD/ toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf ]rm&fewfig\ wynfh &[ef;wdkYonf tMuifrQ avmuf umvywfvHk; wwfod vdrm
r&SdMuao;? aumif;pGm qHk;rNyD; rjzpfMuao;? r&J&ifhMuao;? tMum;tjrif rrsm;Muao;?
w&m;awmfudk raqmifEdkifMuao;? (avmukw&m) w&m;Esifhavsmfaom w&m;udk rusifhEdkifMuao;?
avsmfaom tusifhudk rusifhEdkifMuao;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm rusifhEdkifMuao;? rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk
oif,l rajymEdkif ra[mEdkif rjyEdkifrwnfwHhapEdkif rzGifhjyEdkif ra0zefEdkif ray:vGifapEdkifMu
ukefao;? ay:aygufvmaom olwpfyg; \0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif;
tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk ra[mjyEdkifMuukefao;? xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; igonf y&dedAmef
jyKawmfrlrnf r[kwf} [k rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf/ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh
&[ef; wdkYonf wwfodvdrmMuygNyD/ aumif;pGm qHk;rxm;NyD; jzpfMuygNyD/ &J&ifhMuygNyD/
tMum;tjrif rsm;MuygNyD/ w&m;awmfudk aqmifEdkifMuygNyD/ (avmukw&m) w&m;Esifhavsmfaom
w&m;udk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/avsmfaom tusifhudk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhEdkifMuygNyD/
rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk oif,l ajymEdkif a[mEdkif jyEdkifwnfwHhapEdkif zGifhjyEdkif a0zefEdkif
ay:vGifapEdkifMuygukefNyD/ ay:aygufvmaom olwpfyg;\ 0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm
ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk a[mjyEdkifMuygukefNyD/ toQif bk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlyg? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrl wwfaom
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlyg? toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef jyK&ef
tcsdef wefygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pum;udk rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf ]rm&fewf ig\ wynfh
&[ef;rdef;rwdkYonf tMuifrQavmuf umvywfvHk; wwfodvdrm r&SdMuao;? aumif;pGm
qHk;rNyD;rjzpfMuao;? r&J&ifhMuao;? tMum; tjrif rrsm;Muao;? w&m;awmfudk raqmifEdkif
Muao;? (avmukw&m) w&m;Esifhavsmfaom w&m;udk rusifhEdkifMu ao;?avsmfaom tusifhudk

rusifhEdkifMuao;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm rusifhEdkifMuao;? rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk oif,l rajymEdkif
ra[mEdkif rjyEdkifrwnfwHhapEdkif rzGifhjyEdkif ra0zefEdkif ray:vGifapEdkifMuukefao;? ay:ayguf
vmaom olwpfyg;\ 0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk
ra[mjyEdkifMuukefao;? xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; igonf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwf}
[k (rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf)/ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh&[ef;rdefrwdkYonf
wwfodvdrm&SdMuygNyD/ aumif;pGm qHk;rNyD; jzpfMuygNyD/ &J&ifhMuygNyD/ tMum;tjrif rsm;MuygNyD/
w&m;awmfudk aqmifEdkifMuygNyD/ (avmukw&m) w&m;Esifhavsmfaom w&m;udk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/
avsmfaomtusifhudk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk
oif,l ajymEdkif a[mEdkif jyEdkif wnfwHhapEdkifzGifhjyEdkif a0zefEdkif ay:vGifapEdkifMuygukefNyD/
jzpfay: vmaom olwpfyg;\ 0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom
w&m;udk a[mjyEdkifMuygukefNyD/ toQifbk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg
y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlygavmh? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmf rlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlygavmh? toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef jyK&ef tcsdefwefygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pum;udk rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf ]rm&fewf ig\
wynfhOygoumwdkYonf tMuifrQavmuf umvywfvHk; wwfodvdrm r&SdMuao;? aumif;pGm
qHk;rNyD; rjzpfMuao;? r&J&ifhMuao;? tMum;tjrif rrsm;Muao;? w&m;awmfudk raqmifEdkif
Muao;? (avmukw&m) w&m;Esifhavsmfaom w&m;udk rusifhEdkifMuao;?avsmfaom tusifhudk
rusifhEdkifMuao;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm rusifhEdkifMuao;? rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk oif,l rajymEdkif
ra[mEdkif rjyEdkif rwnfwHhapEdkif rzGifhNyEdkif ra0zefEdkif ray:vGifapEdkifMuukefao;? ay:ayguf
vmaom olwpfyg;wdkY\ 0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk
ra[mjy EdkifMuukefao;? xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; igonf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwf}
[k (rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf)/ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfhom; OygoumwdkYonf
wwfodvdrmMuygNyD/ aumif;pGm qHk;rNyD; jzpfMuygNyD/ &J&ifhMuygNyD/ tMum;tjrif rsm;MuygNyD/
w&m;awmfudk aqmifEdkifMuygNyD/ (avmukw&m) w&m; tm;avsmfaom w&m;udk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/
avsmfaom tusifhudk usifhEdkif MuygNyD/ w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ rdrdwdkY q&mh0g'udk
oif,l ajymEdkif a[mEdkif jyEdkif wnfwHhapEdkif zGifhjyEdkif a0zefEdkif ay:vGifapEdkifMuygNyD/ jzpfay:
vmaom olwpfyg;wdkY\ 0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk
a[mjyEdkif MuygNyD/ toQifbk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg y&dedAmef
jyKawmfrlygavmh? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&dedAmef
jyKawmfrlygavmh? toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef jyK&ef tcsdefwefygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pum;udk rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf ]rm&fewf ig\
wynfhOygodumrwdkYonf tMuifrQavmuf umvywfvHk; wwfodvdrm r&SdMuao;? aumif;pGm
qHk;rNyD; rjzpfMuao;? r&J&ifhMuao;? tMum; tjrif rrsm;Muao;? w&m;awmfudk raqmifEdkif
Muao;? (avmukw&m) w&m;ESifhavsmfaom w&m;udk rusifhEdkifMu ao;?avsmfaom tusifhudk
rusifhEdkifMuao;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm rusifhEdkifMuao;? rdrdq&mh 0g'udk oif,l rajymEdkif
ra[mEdkif rjyEdkifrwnfwHhapEdkif rzGifhjyEdkif ra0zefEdkif ray:vGifapEdkifMuukefao;? ay:ayguf
vmaom olwpfyg;wdkY0g'udk taMumif;rSefjzifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom w&m;udk
ra[mjyEdkifMu ukefao;? xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; igonf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwf}
[k (rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf)/ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynfh OygodumrwdkYonf
wwfodvdrm &SdMuygNyD/ aumif;pGm qHk;rNyD; jzpfMuygNyD/ &J&ifhMuygNyD? tMum;tjrif rsm;MuygNyD/

w&m;awmfudk aqmifEdkifMuygNyD/ (avmukw&m) w&m;tm;avsmfaom w&m;udk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/
avsmfaom tusifhudk usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhEdkifMuygNyD/ rdrdwdkYq&mh 0g'udk
oif,l ajymEdkif a[mEdkif jyEdkif wnfwHhapEdkif zGifhEdkif a0zefEdkif ay:vGifapEdkifMuygukefNyD/
jzpfay:vmaom olwpfyg;wdkY 0g'udk taMumif;rSejf zifh aumif;pGm ESdrfeif; tHhzG,f&Sdaom
w&m;udk a[mjyEdkifMuyg ukefNyD/ toQifbk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg
y&dedAmefjyKawmfrlyg? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmf rlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&dedAmef
jyKawmfrlyg? toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef jyK&ef tcsdef wefygNyD/
toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pum;udk rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf ]rm&fewf ig\ jrwfaom
tusifh[k qdktyfaom omoemawmfonf tMuifrQavmuf umvywfvHk; (ynm&Sd) ewfvlwdkY
aumif;pGm jyEdkifonfh wkdifatmif rjynfhpHkao;? rpnfyifao;? rjyefYyGg;ao;? vltrsm; rodao;?
rsm;pGm rjzpfxGef;ao;? xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; igonf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlrnf r[kwf} [k
(rdefYawmfrlzl;ygonf)/ toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ jrwfaom tusifh[k qdktyfaom
omoemawmfonf (ynm&Sd) ewfvlwdkY aumif;pGm jyEdkifonfh wkdifatmif jynfhpHkygNyD/ pnfyifygNyD/
jyefYyGg;ygNyD/ vltrsm; odNyD;ygNyD/ rsm;pGm jzpfxGef;ygNyD/ toQifbk&m; bkef;awmfBuD;aom
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,cktcg y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlygavmh? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrlwwf
aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&dedAmef jyKawmfrlygavmh? toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
y&dedAmefjyK&ef tcsdef wefygNyD}} [k avQmuf\/
odkY avQmufaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,kwfrmaom rm&fewftm; pum;udk rdefYawmfrl\
]]rm&fewf oif raMumifhMuvifh? jrwfpGmbk&m;\ y&dedAmef jyKjcif;onf rMumrD jzpfvdrfhrnf?
aeYrS oHk;vvGefaomtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&dedAmefjyKvdrfhrnf}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf pmygvewfuGef; (aepOf) atmufarhrI owd} qifjcifPf
]orZOf} &Sdvsuf touf&Snf&ef jyKjyifrI ]tm,kocFg&} udk pGefYvTwfawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
touf&Snf&ef jyKjyifrI ]tm,kocFg&} pGefYvTwfawmf rlvdkufaomtcg MuufoD;arG;nif; xvsuf
aMumufrufzG,f&m ajrivsif tBuD; tus,f vIyfavNyD/ awmfvnf;oH (ewfpnf)wdkYonfvnf;
wNcdrfhNcdrfh jrnf[nf;ukef\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl
xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;onf twkrJhedAmefESifh tzefzefjzpfrI b0udk EIdif;csdefvsuf
b0jzpf&ef jyKjyifwwfaom uHudk pGefYy,fcJhavNyD/ tZww&m; arGUavsmfum aumif;pGm
wnfMunfaom pdwf&Sdonfjzpf csyf0wfESifhwlaom rdrdoEmef&Sd udavom uGef&ufudk
zsufqD;cJhavNyD}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
2 - owZ#dvokwf
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onf naecsrf; tcgwpfyg;wnf; udef;atmif;&mrS xawmfrl jymom'f wHcg;rkcf jyify
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rSom odEdkif\/ rpOf;pm;olonf rod Edkif? ynm&SdolrSom odEdkif\/ ynmrJholonf rodEdkif/
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rodEdkif/
rif;BuD; twlwuG w&m;pum; aqG;aEG;jcif;jzifhom ynmudk odEdkif\/ ,if;udkvnf;
umv&SnfpGm aqG;aEG; jcif;jzifhom odEdkif\/ wpfcPrQ aqG;aEG;jcif;jzifh rodEdkif? pOf;pm;qifjcif
olrSomodEdkif\/ rpOf;pm; rqifjcifol onf rodEdkif? ynm&SdolrSom odEdkif\/ ynmrJholonf
rodEdkif [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m; tHhMozG,f&SdygaypG? toQifbk&m; rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG? toQifbk&m;
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]rif;BuD; umr pnf;pdrf cHpm;ol om;r,m;wdkYjzifh usOf;ajrmif;aom tdrf&m
aexkdifum umodwkdif;jzpf pEul;udk rjywf cHpm;vsuf yef;eHYom eHYomaysmif;udk aqmifol a&T
aiGudk om,monfh vljzpfaom oif rif;BuD;onf ]]olwdkY um; &[Emyk*dKvfwdkYwnf;/
olwdkYum; t&[wr*fodkY a&mufolwdkYwnf;}} [k odEdkifcJ\/ rif;BuD; twlwuG aexkdifjcif;
jzifhom oDvudk odEdkif\/y/ rif;BuD; twlwuG w&m;pum; aqG;aEG;jcif;jzifhom ynmudk
odEdkif\/ ,if;udkvnf; umv&SnfpGm aqG;aEG;jcif;jzifhom odEdkif\/ wpfcPrQ aqG;aEG;jcif;jzifh
rodEdkif? pOf;pm;qifjcif olrSom odEdkif\/ rpOf;pm; rqifjcifolonf rodEdkif? ynm&SdolrSom
odEdkif\/ ynmrJholonf rodEdkif}} [laom pum;udk tvGefyif aumif;pGm qdktyfyg\/
toQifbk&m; olwdkYonf wynfhawmf\ olvQKd a,musfm;wdkYygwnf;/ Zeyk'fudk pHkprf;
axmufvSrf;ukef oGm;Muygukef\/ xkdolwdkY a&S;OD;pGm pHkprf; axmufvSrf;NyD;onfudk
wynfhawmfu aemufrS jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf&yg\/ toQifbk&m; ,ckyif xkdolwdkYonf xkdjrL
tnpftaMu;udk aq;avsmfukefvsuf aumif;pGm a&csKd;ukef aumif;pGm vdrf;usHukef qHrkwfqdwf
jyKjyifum t0wfjzLudk 0wfukef umr*kPfig;yg;wdkYjzifh uHkvHk jynfhpHkpGm cHpm;Muay vdrfhrnf[k
(avQmuf\)/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]&[ef;onf raumif;rI tvHk;pHkwdkY vkHYv rjyK&m? (&[ef;toGiftjyifjzifh) olwpfyg;\ tcpm;
a,musfm; rjzpf&m? olwpfyg;udk rSD toufrarG;&m? w&m;a[mjcif;jzifh (vmbfylaZmfoum)
ukefoG,fjcif;wdkYudk rjyKusifh &m}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
3 - ypa0uPokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y,ftyfNyD;jzpfukefaom rdrd\ rsm;pGmaom tukokdvfw&m;,kwfwdkYudk
vnf;aumif;? yGg;rsm;rI ]bm0em} \ jynfhpHkjcif;odkY a&mufukef aom rsm;pGmaom ukokdvfw&m;
wdkYudk vnf;aumif; qifjcifvsuf aeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y,ftyfNyD; jzpfukefaom rdrd\ rsm;pGmaom tukokdvf
w&m;,kwfwdkYudk vnf;aumif;? yGg;rsm;rI ]bm0em} \ jynfhpHkjcif;odkY a&mufukefaom rsm;pGmaom
ukokdvfw&m;wdkYudk vnf;aumif; odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]](t&[wr*fPf
jzpfay:vmonfrS) a&S;umv udavom taygif;onf jzpfcJhzl;NyD/ a&S;tcgu jzpfcJhzl;aom
udavomtaygif;onf xkdt&[wr*fPf jzpfay:aomtcg rjzpfawmhNyD/ (t&d,mr*fcPrS)
a&S;umv qtom "m&PPf tp&Sdaom te0Zw&m; taygif;onf rjzpfzl;cJh? xkdte0Z
w&m; taygif;onf t&[wr*fPf jzpfay:vmaomtcg jzpfay:cJh\/ t&d,mr*fonf
a&S;tcg vnf; rjzpfzl;? aemifvnf; jzpfvdrfhrnf r[kwf? ,ckvnf; r&Sday}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
4 - yXrememwdwd,okwf
txl;xl;aom t,l txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &Sdukef txl;xl;
aom t,l wnf;[laom rSD&mudk rSDwwfukefaom rsm;pGmaom txl;xl;aom wdwd orP
jAm[P y&dAdkZftrsKd;rsKd;wdkYonf om0wdjynf aeMuukef\/
]]avmuonf jrJ\/ t,lonfom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}}
[k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif
]]avmuonf rjrJ? t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY
qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif ]]avmuonf
tqHk;&Sd\/ t,lomrSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh
odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif ]]avmuonf tqHk;r&Sd?

t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh
&Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif ]]xkdtoufonf xkdudk,fwnf;/
&Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef \/ xdkYjyif ]]toufonf wjcm; udk,fonf
wjcm;wnf;/ t,lom rSefyg\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD; omwnf;}} [k odkY
qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif ]]ow0g onf
aoonfrS aemuf jzpf\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k
odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif
]]ow0gonf aoonfrSaemuf rjzpf? t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;
omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
xdkYjyif ]]ow0gonf aoonfrSaemuf jzpfvnf; jzpf\/ rjzpfvnf; rjzpf? t,lom rSef\/
wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh&Sdukefaom
orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ xdkYjyif ]]ow0gonf aoonfrS aemuf jzpfonfvnf;
r[kwf? rjzpf onfvnf; r[kwf? t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;
xkdorPjAm[PwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbufpum;
ajymqdkMuukefvsuf ]]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf/ oabm
um; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;[kwf\}} [k tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuukef\/
xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkYonf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf om0wdjynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifukef\/ om0wdjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnf qGrf;cHNyD;
aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukefvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfukef jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuukefNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; txl;xl;aom t,l
txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &Sdukef txl;xl;aom t,lwnf;[laom
rSD&mudk rSDwwfukefaom rsm;pGmaom txl;xl;aom wdwd orP jAm[P y&dAdkZftrsKd;rsKd;wdkYonf
om0wd jynf aeMuukef\/ ]]avmuonf jrJ\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg; aom t,lonf
tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf
&Sdygukef\/y/ xkdorPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf
pum; ajymqdkMu ukefvsuf ]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf/
oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabm um; w&m; [kwf\} [k tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf
aeMuygukefonf}} [k pum;udk avQmufukef\/
&[ef;wdkY omoemjyify t,l&Sdukefaom y&dAdkZfwdkYonf uef;ukef ynmrsufpd r&Sdukefonf
jzpf tusKd;udk rodukef tusKd;rJhudk rodukef w&m;udk rodukef w&m; r[kwfonfudk rodukef/
xkdolwdkYonf tusKd;udk rodukefbJ tusKd;rJhukd rodukefbJ w&m;udk rodukefbJ w&m; r[kwf
onfudk rodukefbJ ]]oabmum; w&m; [kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabm
um; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;[kwf\}} [k jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef
qefYusifbuf pum; ajymqdkMuukefvsuf tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuukef\/
&[ef;wdkY om0wdjynf omvQif wpfOD;aom rif;onf a&S;ujzpfzl;\/ &[ef;wdkY xkdtcg
xkdrif;onf rif;csif; a,musfm;wpfa,mufudk ]]tcsif;a,musfm; vmavmh? om0wdjynf
&SdMuonfh oluef;tm;vHk;wdkYudk wpfaygif;wnf; pka0;apavmh}} [k trdefYay;\/ &[ef;wdkY
xkda,musfm;onf ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xkdrif;\ pum;udk 0efcH om0wdjynfwGif;&Sd

oluef;tm;vHk;wdkYudk ac:,l xkdrif;BuD;xHodkY csOf;uyfvsuf xkdrif;BuD;udk ]]t&Sifrif;BuD;
om0wdjynfwGif;&Sd oluef;tm;vHk;wdkYudk pnf;a0;aptyfygNyD}} [k oHawmfOD;wif\/ tcsif;odkY
jzpfvQif oluef;wdkYtm; qifudk jyavmh[k trdefYay;\/ &[ef;wdkY xkdrif;csif; a,musfm;onf
]]t&Sifrif;BuD; aumif;ygNyD}} [k xkdrif;BuD;\ pum;udk 0efcH oluef;wdkYtm; qifudkjy\]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm&Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ OD;acgif;udk jy\/
]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm &Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ em;udk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY
qifum; oabm &Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ tpG,fudk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum;
oabm&Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ ESmarmif;udk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum;
oabm&Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ udk,fudk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm&Sd\}}
[k oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ ajcaxmufudk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm &Sd\}} [k
oluef; tcsKdUwdkYtm; qif\ aygifudk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm&Sd\}} [k oluef;
tcsKdUwdkY tm; qif\/ rD;wHudk jy\/ ]]oluef;wdkY qifum; oabm&Sd\}} [k oluef; tcsKdU
wdkYtm; qif\/ rD;qHudk jy\/
&[ef;wdkY xdkYaemuf xkdrif;csif; a,mufusfm;onf oluef;wdkYtm; qifudk jyNyD;vQif xkdrif;
&Sd&modkY csOf;uyf xkdrif;udk ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; xkdoluef;wdkYonf qifudk awGUjriftyfygNyD/ ,cktcg
oGm;&eftcsdef tcgudk odawmfrlyg avmh}} [k avQmuf\/
&[ef;wdkY xdkYaemuf xkdrif;BuD;onf xkdoluef;wdkYxHodkY csOf;uyf xkdoluef;wdkYudk ]]oluef;wdkY
oifwdkYonf qifudk jrifMuukefNyDavm}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ t&Sifrif;BuD; rSefyg\/ tuREkfyf
wdkYonf qifudk jrifzl;ygukefNyD[k oHawmfOD; wifukef\/
oluef;wdkY ajymMuukefavmh? qifum; tb,fodkY oabm &Sdukefoenf;[k (rdefY\)/ &[ef;wdkY
qif\ OD;acgif; udk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf a&tdk;ESifh wlyg\}} [k
odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\ em;&Gufudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
Aef;qefaumESifh wlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\ tpGG,fudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
xGefoGm;ESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\ ESmarmif;udk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
xGefoHESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\udk,fudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
usDMueH&HESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\ ajcaxmufudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
wkdifESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\ aygifudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
vufqHkESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\/ rD;wHudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf
usnfayGUESifhwlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
&[ef;wdkY qif\/ rD;qHudk prf;oyfrdaom oluef;wdkYu ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; qifonf

wHjrufpnf;ESifh wlyg\}} [k odkY oHawmfOD;wifukef\/
xkdoluef;wdkYonf ]]qifonf oabm&Sd\/ qifonf oabmr&Sd? oabm&Sdonfum;
qifr[kwf? oabm&Sdonfum; qifwnf;}} [k tcsif;csif; vufoD;qkyfwdkYjzifh xkd;Budwfukef\/
&[ef;wdkY xkdodkY xkd;Budwf aomtcg xkdrif;onf 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om &,farmav\/
&[ef;wdkY twlyif omoemawmfrS jyify t,l&Sdukefaom y&dAdkZfwdkYonf uef;ukefonf
ynmrsufpd r&Sdukefonf jzpf tusKd;udk rodukef/ tusKd;rJhudk rodukef/ w&m;udk rodukef/
w&m; r[kwfonfudk rodukef/ xkdolwdkYonf tusKd;udk rodukefbJ tusKd;rJhudk rodukefbJ
w&m;udk rodukefbJ w&m; r[kwfonfudk rodukefbJ ]]oabmum; w&m;wnf;?
oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;wnf;}} [k
jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf pum;udk ajymqdkMuukefvsuf tcsif;csif; EiwfvSH
xkd;vsuf aeMuukef\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom
tcsdef- ]]tcsKdUukefaom orPjAm[PwdkYonf tESpfr&Sdonfh rdpmt,lwdkY ESpfoufpGJvrf;
uyfNidukefbd\/ (qifudk) wpfpdwf wpfa'o prf;oyfrdMuonfh oluef;wdkY uJhodkY tcsif;csif;
qefYusifbufjyKum jiif;cHkMuukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
5 - 'kwd,ememwdwd,okwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg txl;xl;
aom t,l txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &SdMu txl;xl;aom t,l
wnf;[laom rSD&mudk rSDwwfukefaom rsm;pGm aom wdwdorP jAm[Py&dAdkZf trsKd;rsKd;wdkYonf
om0wdjynf aeMuukef\/
]]twonf vnf;aumif; avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom
t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P
tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; rjrJ? t,lom
rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom
orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif;
jrJvnf;jrJ\/ rjrJvnf; rjrJ? t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k
odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf
vnf;aumif; avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJonfvnf; r[kwf? rjrJonfvnf; r[kwf?

&Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
]]twudk vnf;aumif; avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdjyKtyf\/ t,lom rSef\/
wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh&Sdukefaom orP
jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; olwpfyg;onf
jyKtyf\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh
odkY ,lavh&Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;?
avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf; jyKtyf\/ olwpfyg;vnf; jyKtyf\/ t,lom rSef\/
wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orP
jAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf;
rjyKtyf? olwpfyg;vnf; rjyKtyf? wpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;udk rpGJrl jzpf\/ t,lom
orP jAm[PtcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom
rSef\/ wpfyg; aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom
orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif; avmuonf vnf;aumif;
rjrJ? csrf;om qif;&J&Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k
odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh&Sdukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf
vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJvnf; jrJ\/ rjrJvnf; rjrJ? csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/
&Sdukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf
vnf;aumif; jrJonfvnf; r[kwf? rjrJonfvnf; r[kwf? csrf;om qif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom
rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;om wnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif;
rdrdjyKtyf\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;
]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; olwpfyg; jyKtyf\/ csrf;om qif;&J &Sd\/
&Sdukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk
vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf; jyKtyf\/ olwpfyg;vnf; jyKtyf\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif;
rdrdvnf; rjyKtyf? olwpfyg;vnf; rjyKtyf? wpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;udk rpGJrl jzpf\/
csrf;om qif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonftcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY
qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
xkdorPjAm[PwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf pum;udk
qdkMuukefvsuf ]]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum;
w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m; [kwf\}} [k tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuukef\/

aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhMuaom xkd&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; txl;xl;aom
t,l txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &SdMuukefvsuf txl;xl;aom
t,ludkrSD wnfukefaom rsm;pGmaom wdwd orPjAm[P y&dAdkZf trsKd;rsKd;wdkY onf
om0wdjynf aeMuygukef\/
]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom
t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orP jAm[P
tcsKdU wdkYonf &Sdukef\/y/ xkdorPjAm[PwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef
qefYusifbuf pum;udk ajymqdkukefvsuf ]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;
r[kwf? oabmum; w&m; r[kwf? oabmum; w&m; [kwf\} [k tcsif;csif;
EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuygukef\}} [k avQmufuke\
f /
&[ef;wdkY omoemawmfrS jyify t,l&Sdaom y&dAdkZfwdkYonf uef;ukef (ynm) rsufpd
r&Sdukefonf jzpf tusKd;udk rodukef/ tusKd;rJhudk rodukef/ w&m;udk rodukef/ w&m;
r[kwfonfudk rodukef/ xkdolwdkYonf tusKd; udk rodukefbJ tusKd;rJhudk rodukefbJ w&m;udk
rodukefbJ w&m; r[kwfonfudk rodukefbJ jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf
pum;udk ajymqdkukefvsuf ]]oabmum; w&m; [kwf\/ oabmum; w&m; r[kwf?
oabmum; w&m; r[kwf? oabmum; w&m; [kwf\}} [k tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf
aeMuukef\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tcsKdUukefaom orP jAm[PwdkYonf tESpfr&Sdonfh rdpmt,lwdkY ESpfoufpGJvrf;
uyfNidukefbd\/ xkdolwdkYonf axmufwnf&m edAmefodkY ra&muf Muukefrl tMum;omvQif
(MoCav;jzmoHo&m) epfjrKyfMu&ukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
6 - wwd,ememwdwd,okwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg txl;xl;
aom t,l txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &Sdukefvsuf txl;xl;aom
t,ludkrSD wnfukefaom rsm;pGmaom wdwd orP jAm[P y&dAdkZftrsKd;rsKd;wdkYonf
om0wdjynf aeMuukef\/
]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom
tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; rjrJ? t,lom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif;
jrJvnf; jrJ\/ rjrJvnf; rjrJ? t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k
odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf
vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJonfvnf; r[kwf rjrJonfvnf; r[kwf?
&Sdukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdjyKtyf\/ t,lomrSef\/
jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; olwpfyg;
jyKtyf\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh
odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;?
avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf; jyKtyf\/ olwpfyg;vnf; jyKtyf\/ t,lom rSef\/
jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf;
rjyKtyf? olwpfyg;vnf; rjyKtyf? wpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;udk rpGJrl jzpf\/ t,lom
rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;om wnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ csrf;omqif;&J&Sd\/ t,lom
rSef\/ wpfyg; aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif;
rjrJ? csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k
odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf
vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJvnf; jrJ\/ rjrJvnf; rjrJ? csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/
&Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf
vnf;aumif; jrJonfvnf; r[kwf? rjrJonfvnf; r[kwf? csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom

orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdjyKtyf\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/
t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh&Sd
ukefaom orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk
vnf;aumif; olwpfyg; jyKtyf\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/ wpfyg;aom
tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf; jyKtyf\/
olwpfyg;vnf; jyKtyf\/ csrf;om qif;&J &Sd\/ t,lomrSef\/ wpfyg;aom t,lonf
tcsnf;ESD;omwnf;}} [k odkY qdkavh odkY ,lavh &Sdukefaom orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf
&Sdukef\/ ]]twudk vnf;aumif;? avmuudk vnf;aumif; rdrdvnf; rjyKtyf? olwpfyg;vnf;
rjyKtyf? wpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;udk rpGJrl jzpf\/ csrf;omqif;&J &Sd\/ t,lom rSef\/
jAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
xkdorPjAm[PwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf pum;udk
ajymqdkMuukefvsuf ]]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum;
w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;[kwf\}} [k tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuukef\/
aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhMuukefaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
&Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuukefNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; txl;xl;
aom t,l txl;xl;aom tvdk ]qE} txl;xl;aom ESpfoufjcif; &SdMuukefvsuf txl;xl;aom
t,ludkrSD wnfukefaom rsm;pGmaomwdwd orPjAm[P y&dAdkZftrsKd;rsKd;wdkYonf om0wdjynf
aeMuygukef\/ ]]twonf vnf;aumif;? avmuonf vnf;aumif; jrJ\/ t,lom
orP jAm[P tcsKdUwdkY onf &Sdukef\/y/ xkdorPjAm[PwdkYonf jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef
jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf pum;udk ajymqdkMu ukefvsuf ]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/
oabmum; w&m; r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabm um; w&m; [kwf\}} [k
tcsif;csif; EIwfvSHxkd;vsuf aeMuygukef\}} [k avQmufukef\/
&[ef;wdkY omoemawmfjyify t,l&Sdukefaom y&dAdkZfwdkYonf uef;ukef (ynm) rsufpd
r&Sdukefonfjzpf tusKd;udk rodukef/ tusKd;rJhudk rodukef/ w&m;udk rodukef/ w&m;
r[kwfonfudk rodukef/ xkdolwdkYonf tusKd;udk rodMuukefbJ tusKd;rJhudk rodMuukefbJ w&m;udk
rodMuukefbJ w&m; r[kwfonfudk rodMuukefbJ jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef qefYusifbuf
pum;udk ajym qdkMuukefvsuf ]]oabmum; w&m;[kwf\/ oabmum; w&m;r[kwf?
oabmum; w&m;r[kwf? oabmum; w&m;[kwf\}} [k tcsif;csif; EiwfvSH xkd;vsuf
aeMuukef\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]ow0g taygif;onf twavmu okcESifh 'kuudk igjyK\[laom rdpm t,l avhvm
tm;xkwf\/ olwpfyg; (tpdk;&ol) jyK\[laom rdpmt,lESifh pyf,SOf\/ (t"dporkyEt,l&Sdol)

orPjAm[P tcsKdUwdkYonf rdpmt,l ESpfrsKd;udk vufrcHEdkif Muukef/ odkYyifjzpfaomfvnf;
xkdrdpmt,lESpfrsKd;udk ('kuudk jzpfapwwfonfh) jrm;ajimifh[lvnf; rjrifEdkifMu ukef/ rdpm
t,lESpfrsKd;udk jrm;ajimifh[k BudKwif jrifoltm;rlum; igjyK\[lvnf; t,lrjzpf?
olwpfyg;jyK\ [lvnf; t,lrjzpf? ow0gtaygif;onf rmeESifh jynfhpHkonf rmejzifh
xHk;zGJUtyfonf rmejzifh &pfywftyf onf jzpf rdpmt,lwdkY (twKuHoe y&0retm;jzifh)
jcKwfjc,fpGyfpGJaom pum; &SdaomaMumifh oHo&mudk rvGefajrmufEdkif}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
7 - okblwdokwf
toQifokblwdonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; 0dwufuif;aom t&[wzdkvform"dudk
0ifpm;vsufudk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; 0dwufuif;aom t&[wzdkvform"dudk 0ifpm;vsufudk,fudk
ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifaeaom toQifokblwdudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif; t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuifyk*dKvftm;
twGif;oEmef rdpm0dwufwdkYukd zsufqD;tyfukefNyD/ t<uif;rJh aumif;pGm jzwftyfukefNyD/
xkdyk*dKvfonf NidwG,frI tm;vHk;udk vGefum edAmefudk tmHkjyKaom r*fonm zdkvfonm
&Sdonfjzpf a,m* av;yg;udk vGefNyD;jzpf&um; wpfzef b0opf jzpfjcif;odkY ra&mufawmhay}}
[k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
8 - *Pdumokwf
&SOfheufwdkYtm; tpmauR; arG;&mjzpfaom a0VK0efausmif; oDwif;oHk; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg
&mZN*dK[fjynf toif;tzGJU ESpfzGJUwdkYonf jynfhwefqmr wpfa,mufwnf; tvGefwyfrufukef
udavomjzifh zGJUaom pdwf&Sdukefonf jzpfaomaMumifh jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef
qefYusifbuf pum;udk ajymqdkukefvsuf tcsif;csif; vufwdkYjzifh kdufykwfMuukef\/ cJwdkYjzifhvnf;
aygufMuukef\/ wkwfwdkYjzifhvnf; kdufMuukef\/ "m;vufeufwdkYjzifhvnf; xkd;ckwfMuukef\/
xkdtoif;tzGJU ESpfzGJUwdkYonf xkdkdufESufykwfcwf&m t&yfyif aojcif;odkYvnf; a&mufMuukef \/
aovkeD;yg; qif;&JodkYvnf; a&mufMuukef\/
,laqmifvsuf &mZN*dK[fjynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifukef\/ &mZN*dK[fjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnf
qGrf;cHNyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhMuaom &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfMuukef
wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;- toQifbk&m; ,aeY &mZN*dK[fjynf
toif;tzGJU ESpfzGJUwdkYonf jynfhwefqmr wpfa,mufwnf; tvGefwyfruf ukefonf
udavomjzifhzGJUaom pdwf&Sdukefonf jzpfaomaMumifh jiif;cHkMuukef cdkuf&ef jzpfMuukef
qefYusifbuf pum;udk ajymqdkukefvsuf tcsif;csif; vufwdkYjzifhvnf; kdufykwfMuukef\/ cJwdkYjzifh
vnf; aygufMuukef\/ wkwfwdkYjzifhvnf; kdufMuukef\/ "m;vufeufwdkYjzifhvnf; xkd;ckwfMu
ukef\/ xkdtoif;tzGJU ESpfzGJUwdkYonf xkdkdufESuf ykwfcwf&m t&yf aojcif;odkYvnf;
a&mufukef\/ aovkeD;yg; qif;&JodkYvnf; a&mufukef\[k (avQmufMuukef\)/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]&tyf cHpm;tyfaom
umr*kPfESifh &xkduf cHpm;xkdufaom umr*kPf[laom ESpfyg;pHkonf udavom ESdyfpufcH&ol
aemufaemiftusKd; arQmfudk;usifhMuHol\ (oEmef) &m*paom jrLwdkYjzifh a&m>yrf;\/ tMuifol
wdkYonf oDvAw paom tusifhudk udavom pifMu,f\[k ,lq ajymqdkMuukef\/ tMuifol
wdkYtm; a&SmifMuOfrI ]oDv} qif;&J NidKjiifpGm jyKusifhrI ]0w} [if;&Gufpm;jcif; ponfjzifh
toufarG;rI ]ZD0dw} arxkefrS a&SmifMuOfrI ]jA[p&d,} AdEdk; ewfponfwdkYtm; vkyfauR;rI
]Oy|me} ponfwdkYjzifh oHo&mrS pifMu,f\[k ,lq ajymqdkMuukef\/ xkdolwdkY\ oDvAw
ponfwdkY\ tpGrf;jzifh jzpfaom twudvrxmEka,m*[laom tusifhonf t,kwfw&m;
wpfyg;wnf;/ tMuifol wdkYum; ]umr*kPfwdkY tjypfr&Sd} [k qdkMuukef\/ xkdolwdkY\
umr*kPfwkdU tjypfr&Sd[k ajymqdk usifhMuHrI[laom umrokcvdumEka,m* tusifhonf
'kwd,ajrmufjzpfaom t,kwfw&m;wnf;/ odkY t,kwf w&m;ESpfyg;wdkYonf u#oD
rnfaom wPSmt0dZmwdkYudk yGg;apwwfukef\/ u#oDrnfaom wPSm t0dZmwdkYonf
rdpm'd|dudk yGg;apwwf ukef\/ t,kwfw&m; ESpfyg;wdkYudk rodjcif;aMumifh tcsKdUaom olwdkYonf
qkwfepfukef\/ tcsKdUaom olwdkYonf vGef ajy;ukef\/ tMuifolwdkYtm; xkdt,kwf
w&m;ESpfyg;wdkYudk odaom aMumifh xkdt,kwfw&m; rusa&mufMuukef/ xkdkodkY t,kwfw&m;
ESpfyg; rusa&mufjcif;aMumifh wPSmrme'd|d wdkYjzifh (rdrdudk,fudk) txif rrSm;Muukef/
xkdyk*dKvfwdkYtm; (vlewfponf) ynwf&ef 0#f r&SdawmhNyD}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
t|rokwf/
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
9 - Oygwd"m0Edokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvGefarSmifrdkufaom nOfhtcg qDrD;wdkYudk ndxGef;xm;&m vGifwD;acgif
xkdifaeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom ydk;zvHwdkYonf xkdqDrD;wdkY wkd;0if&pf0Jum usa&mufukefvsuf
qif;&Jjcif;odkY a&mufukef \/ ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufukef\/ qif;&JysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufukef\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xkdqDrD;wdkY wkd;0if &pf0Jum usa&mufukefvsuf qif;&Jjcif; ysufpD;jcif; qif;&J
ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufukefaom xkdydk;zvH rsm;pGmwdkYudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]tcsKdUaom orPjAm[PwdkYonf oDv
orm"d ynmpaom tESpfom&odkY ra&mufMubJ vGef ajy;ukef\/ wPSm 'd|d[laom topf
topfjzpfaom taESmiftzGJUudk yGg;apukef\/ jrif&aom t&m Mum;&aom t&mwdkYudk odkY
rSef\ [k trSm; ESvHk;oGif;ukefvsuf ydk;zvHwdkYonf qDrD;odkY usukefouJhodkY (&m*paom
wpfq,fhwpfyg;aom rD;usD;wdkYjzifh &J&JNidaom b0oHk;yg;[laom rD;usD;wGif;) usa&muf&ukef\}}
[k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 66 -- ZZppEE00**f f ======
10 - OyZEdokwf
toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaom
t&yf xkdifaeNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\toQifbk&m; avmu ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufukefaom (tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk)
udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlukefaom jrwfpGmbk&m;oQifwdkY yGifhawmfrrlao;orQ umvywfvHk;
omoemawmfjyify t,l&Sdaom wdwd y&dAdkZfwdkYonf tkdtaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI
wkyf0yfrIudk cH&ukefvsuf ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom
aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sdukef\/ toQifbk&m; avmu ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrl
xkdufukefaom (tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrl ukefaom jrwfpGmbk&m;
wdkYonf yGifhawmfrlaom tcgum; omoemawmfjyify t,l&Sdaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf

tkdtaojyKrI tav; jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk rcH&ukefrl ouFef; qGrf; ausmif;
tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk r&Muukef/
toQifbk&m; ,cktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf vnf;aumif;? &[ef; oHCmonf vnf;aumif;
tkdtaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH,l&vsuf ouFef; qGrf; ausmif;
tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHhjzpfaom aq; toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd\[k (avQmuf\)/
tmeEm [kwfrSef\/ tmeEm avmu ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufukefaom (tvHk;pHkaom
w&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlukefaom jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkYonf yGifhawmf rrlao;orQ
umvywfvHk; omoemawmfjyify t,l&Sdaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf tkdtaojyKrI tav;jyKrI
jrwfedk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH&ukefvsuf ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\
taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sdukef\/ tmeEm avmu ylaZmftxl;udk
cHawmfrl xkdufukefaom (tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrl ukefaom
jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkY yGifhawmfrlaom tcgum; omoemawmf jyify t,l&Sdaom wdwdy&dAdkZfwdkYonf
tkdtaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk rcH&rl ouFef; qGrf; ausmif;
tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh jzpfaom aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk r&&SdMuukef/ ,cktcg
igbk&m;onf vnf;aumif;? &[ef;oHCmonf vnf; aumif; tkdtaojyKrI tav;jyKrI jrwfEdk;rI
ylaZmfrI wkyf0yfrIudk cH&vsuf ouFef; qGrf; ausmif; tdyf&mae&m olemwdkY\ taxmuftyHh
jzpfaom aq;toHk;taqmifwdkYudk &&Sd\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuifrQavmuf umv ywfvHk; aerif;onf rxGufay:vmao;? xkdrQ avmuf umvywfvHk;
ydk;pkef;MuL;onf awmufyaeao;\/ aerif;xGufay: vmaomtcg xkdydk;pkef;MuL; ta&mifaysmuf
ouJhodkY rawmufyEdkif ouJhodkY xdkYtwl tMuifrQ avmuf umvywfvHk; avmu
(tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk) udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkYonf ryGifhukefao;?
xkdrQavmuf umvywfvHk; MuHqumrQjzifh ,lqwwfaom wdwdwdkY\ ta&mifonf awmufyEdkif
ao;\/ tMuiftcg jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkYonf yGifhukef\/ xkdtcg MuHqumrQjzifh ,lwwfaom
wdwdwdkYonf vnf;aumif;? wdwdwdkY\ wynfhwdkYonf vnf;aumif; rawmufyukef/
azmufjyefaom t,l&Sdol wdwdwdkYonf qif;&JrS rvGwfEdkifMuukef}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh
awmfrl\/
'orokwf/
ajcmufckajrmuf ZpE0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
1 - yXrvuk@ubed,okwf
toQifom&dykMwmonf toQifvuk@ ub'd,udk (w&m;pum;jzifh) tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm
jyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (taMumif; trsKd;rsKd;jzifh w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef
&Tifvef;apawmfrl\/
xkdtcg toQifom&dykMwmonf (w&m;pum;jzifh) tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGmjyvsuf
(w&m;udk) aqmufwnf apum (taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;jzifh w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef;
apawmf rlonf&Sdaomf toQifvuk@ub'd, \ pdwfonf (wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) wpfpHkwpfckaom
tmHkudk rpGJvrf;rl tmoa0gw&m;wdkYrS vGwfajrmufNyD/ toQif om&dykMwmonf (w&m;
pum;jzifh) tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGmjyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (taMumif;
trsKd;rsKd;jzifh w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef; aptyfonf jzpf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh wpfpHk
wpfckaom tmHkudk rpGJvrf;rl tmoa0gw&m;wdkYrS vGwfajrmufaom pdwf&Sdaom toQif
vuk@ub'd,udk jrwfpGmbk&m; jrifawmf rl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&m
udk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]tMuify*k dKvfonf txufly tly"mwf vnf;aumif;?
atmufumr"mwf vnf;aumif;? ocFg&tm;vHk; vnf;aumif; cyfodrf; aom tjcif;t&m
wdkYjzifh vGwfajrmuf\/ xkdyk*dKvfonf w&m;onfyif igjzpf\[k rIawmhNyD/ odkY oHa,mZOf
q,fyg; tukokdvf tm;vHk;wdkYrS odkY vGwfajrmufNyD;aom &[Emyk*dKvfonf wpfzef b0opf
rjzpfzdkY&ef a&S;tcgu rul;ajrmufcJhzl;aom MoCav;jzm oHo&mudk ul;cJhavNyD}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
2 - 'kwd,vuk@ubed,okwf
toQifom&dykMwmonf toQifvuk@ ub'd,udk aou[k atmufarh rSwfxifaomaMumifh
(w&m;pum;jzifh) tusKd;pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGmjyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum twkdif;xuf
tvGef rsm;pGmaom taMumif;jzifh (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef&Tif vef; apawmfr\
l /
toQifvuk@ub'd,udk aou[k atmufarhrSwfxifvsuf (w&m;pum;jzifh) tusKd;
pD;yGg;udk aumif;pGm jyvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum twkdif;xuftvGef rsm;pGmaom
taMumif;jzifh (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef&Tifvef;apaom toQifom&dykMwmudk jrwfpGmbk&m;
jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]tMuifyk*dKvftm; udavom0#f ur0#fESpfyg;onf t<uif;rJh jywfavNyD/ wPSmuif;&m
edAmefudk txl;ojzifh &cJhNyD/ av;ckajrmuf r*fPfwnf;[laom aerif;\ jzpfay:rIaMumifh
t<uif;rJh ajcmufcef;cJhaom wPSm[laom jrpfBuD;onf rpD;rqif;Edkifawmhacs? udavom0#f
jywfojzifh jywfavNyD;aom ur0#fonf w0Jvnfvnf rjzpfEdkifawmhay? xkdyk*dKvftm;
udavom0#f ur0#f jywfojzifh xkd0dygu0#f\ rjzpfjcif;onfyif tvHk;pHkaom oHo&m0#f
qif;&J\ tqHk;jzpfavawmh\}} [k O'gef; udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
3 - yXrowokwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg om0wd
jynfol jynfom;wdkYonf trsm;tm;jzifh umr*kPfwdkY tvGefYtvGef uyfNidukef wyfpGef;ukef
rufarmukef zGJUaESmifukef rdef;armukef rsKx
d m; ouJhodkY wnfukefvsuf umr*kPfwdkY jyif;pGm
,pfjcif;odkY a&mufum aeMuukef\/
xkdtcg rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wkdkYonf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf om0wdjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfukef qGrf;pm;NyD;aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJcJhukefvsuf
jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD; vQif wpfckaom t&yf xkdifaeMuukefNyD;aomf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
]]toQifbk&m; om0wdjynfol jynf om;wdkYonf trsm;tm;jzifh umr*kPfwdkY tvGefYtvGef
uyfNidukef wyfpGef;ukef rufarmukef zGJUaESmifukef rdef;armukef rsKdxm;ouJhodkY wnfukefvsuf
umr*kPfwdkY jyif;pGm ,pfjcif;odkY a&mufum aeMuygukef\}} [k (avQmufukef\)/ xkdtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfr
l xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]umr*kPfwdkY
uyfNidukefaom umr*kPfwdkY NidwG,fjcif;wdkYjzifh NidwG,fukefaom oHa,mZOfwdkY tjypfudk
rjrifukefaom oHa,mZOf NidwG,fjcif;jzifh NidwG,fukefaom ow0gwdkYonf jyefYajym BuD;us,f
vSpGmaom MoCudk rul;Edkif ukef&m}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
4 - 'kwd,owokwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg om0wd
jynfol jynfom;wdkYonf trsm;tm;jzifh umr*kPfwdkY uyfNidukef wyfpGef;ukef rufarmukef
zGJUhaESmifukef rdef;armukef rsKdxm; ouJhodkY wnfMuukef ruef;aomfvnf; uef;ouJhodkY
jzpfukefvsuf umr*kPfwdkY jyif;pGm ,pfjcif;odkY a&mufum aeMuukef \/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wf oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf om0wdjynf odkY qGrf;cH0ifawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf trsm;tm;jzifh umr*kPf
wdkY uyfNidukef wyfpGef;ukef rufarmukef zGJUaESmifukef rdef;armukef rsKdxm; ouJhodkY wnfMuukef
ruef;aomfvnf; uef;ouJhodkY jzpfukefvsuf umr*kPfwdkY jyif;pGm ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufum
aeukefaom om0wdjynfol jynfom;wdkYudk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m; onf
taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]0wKumrwdkY udavom umrjzifh
uef;onfudk tjyKcH&ol wPSmwnf;[laom ydkufuGefjzifh tzHk;vTrf;cH&ol wPSmwnf;[laom
trdk;jzifh zHk;tkyfcH&ol ow0gwdkY onf NrHK;0 0ifukefaom ig;wdkYonf aojcif;odkY
a&mufukefouJhodkY vnf;aumif; EdkYpdkYt&G,f EGm;oli,fonf trdEGm;rBuD;odkY vdkufouJhodkY
vnf;aumif; udavomrm&f udk,fwGif;&ef\ taESmiftzGJUudk cHMu&ukefonfjzpf tdkjcif;
aojcif;odkY tpOf vdkufMu&ukef\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifh awmfrl\/
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
5 - ty&vuk@ub'd,okwf
toQifvuk@ub'd,onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkY\ aemufrS aemufrS vdkuf jrwfpGmbk&m;
xHodkY csOf;uyf\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkY\ aemufrS aemufrS vdkufvmaom raumif;aom
tqif;&Sdaom raumif;aom tjrif&Sdaom ykaom trsm;tm;jzifh ykxkZOf&[ef;wdkY IwfcscH&aom
oabm&Sdaom toQifvuk@ ub'd,udk ta0;uyif jrifawmfrl &[ef;wdkYudk rdefYawmfrl\&[ef;wdkY oifwdkYonf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;wdkY\ aemufrS aemufrS vdkufvmaom
raumif;aom tqif;&Sdaom raumif;aom tjrif&Sdaom ykaom trsm;tm;jzifh ykxkZOf&[ef;wdkY
Iwfcstyfaom oabm&Sdaom xkd&[ef;udk ta0;uyif jrifMuukef\avm[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
toQifbk&m; jrifygukef\[k (avQmufMuukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY &[ef;onf BuD;aom wefcdk;tmEkabmf &Sd\/ xkd&[ef; r0ifpm;zl;ao;aom
ormywf[l r&Sd oavmufyif jzpf\/ xkd&[ef;onf aumif;pGmomvQif vlUabmifrS
&[ef;abmifodkY 0ifa&mufMuukefaom trsKd;om;rsm; vdkvm;tyfaom twkr&Sd jrwfaom
tusifh\ tqHk;jzpfaom t&[wzdkvfudk ,ckb0yif udk,fwkdif xl;aomPfjzifh od
rsufarSmufjyKvsuf uyfa&muf ae\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef]]t&[wzdkvf oDvwnf; [laom tjypftem uif;aom vSnf;bD;&Sdaom 0drkwdwnf;[laom
jzLaom tqif;vnf; &Sdaom owdwnf; [laom tuefYvnf;&Sdaom vuk@ub'd,rax&f\
twabmwnf;[laom &xm;onf vSnfhvnf oGm;vm \/ &[ef;wdkY\ aemufrSvmaom qif;&J
r&Sdaom wPSmtvsOf uif;jywfaom (udavom) tzGJU r&Sdaom (vuk@ub'd,rax&f\
twabm[laom) &xm;udk MunfhIavmh}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
6 - wPSmocF,okwf
toQiftnmodaum@nonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ reD;ra0; wPSm ukefcef;NyD;aom t&[wzdkvf
0drkwdcsrf;omudk qifjcifvsuf udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; wPSm ukefcef;NyD;aom t&[wzdkvf 0drkwdcsrf;omudk qifjcif
vsuf udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifaeaom toQiftnmodaum@n
udk jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGm bk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom
tcsdef- ]]tMuifyk*dKvftm; (t0dZmwPSm[laom) tjrpf r&Sd? (tmo0 eD0&P paom)
ajrvnf; r&Sd? (rme twdrmepaom) tcuftvufwdkYvnf; r&Sdukef/ (r' yrm' rm,m
omaX,spaom) t&GufwdkYum; tb,frSm&SdtHhenf;/ ory"mef vkHYv&Sd taESmiftzGJUrS
vGwfNyD;aom xkdyk*dKvfudk tb,folonf uJh&JUjcif;iSg xkduftHhenf;/ xkdyk*dKvfudk ewfwdkYonfvnf;
csD;rGrf;ukef\/ jA[myifaomfvnf; csD;rGrf;&\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
q|rokwf/
------
7 - yyOc,okwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rdrd\ y,fcJhNyD;aom oHo&mudk csJUwwfonfh udavomwdkYESifhwuGaom
onmtpkudk qifjcifvsuf aeawmfrl\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rdrd\ y,fcJhNyD;aom oHo&mudk csJUwwfonfh udavomwdkYESifh
wuGaom onm tpkudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsed f -]]tMuif jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; oHo&mudk
csJUwwfaom udavom\ wnfjcif;onf r&Sd? xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;tm; wPSm 'd|dwnf;[laom
BudK;udk vnf;aumif;? t0dZmwnf;[laom wHcg;usnfudk vnf;aumif; vGefajrmufNyD/ wPSm
uif;onfjzpf <uoGm;awmfrlaom xkdjrwfpGmbk&m;udk ewfESifh wuGaom vltaygif;onf
rIwfcs ruJh&JU}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
8 - upmeokwf
temxydPf olaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0efausmif; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg toQif
r[mupnf;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; \ reD;ra0; ur|mef;tmHkodkY a&S;I aumif;pGmwnfaom
um,*wmowdjzifh udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf reD;ra0; ur|mef; tmHkodkY a&S;I aumif;pGmwnfaom um,*wm
owdjzifh udk,fudk ajzmifhrwfpGm xm;vsuf xuf0,fzGJUacG xkdifaeaom toQifr[mupnf;udk
jrifawmfrl\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m; onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef ]]ightm; (udavomuHonf) tu,f twdwf umvu rjzpfcJhygrl ypKyef umv ig\
twabmonf rjzpfwef&m? ypKyef twabm ightm; udavomuH tu,f rjzpfjim;tHh?
aemiftem*wf umv 0dygu0#fjzpfrnf r[kwf[k tMuif yk*dKvftm; odkY udk,f wnfaom
owdonf tcgcyfodrf; tjrJrjywf jzpf&m\/ odkY xkdocFg&w&m; tEkykA0dyemjzifh
aeavh&Sdaom xkdyk*dKvfonf (aÈ&ifhusufaom) umvomvQif wPSmudk vGefEdkif&m\}} [k
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
9 - O'ygeokwf
69/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom
&[ef;oHCmESifh twl rvwkdif; a'opm&D vSnfhvnfawmfrlvwfaomf rvrif;wdkY\ xlP
rnfaom ykPm;&GmodkY qdkufa&muf\/ xlP&Gmom; ykPm;ESifh trsKd;om;wdkYonf ]]tcsif;wdkY
omuD0ifrif;om;jzpfaom omuD0ifrif;rsKd;rS &[ef;jyKaom &[ef;a*gwronf rsm;pGmaom
&[ef;oHCmESifhtwl rvwkdif; a'opm&D vSnfhvnfcJh&m xlPykPm;&GmodkY qdkufa&muf\}} [k
Mum;Muukef\/ xkdtcg xlP&Gmom; ykPm;ESifh trsKd;om;wdkYonf ]]OD;jynf; &[ef;,kwfwdkYonf
aomufa&udk raomufMu&apukefvifh}} [k (ESvHk;ydkufum) a&wGif;udk jrufjzifh vnf;aumif;?
zGJjzifh vnf;aumif; a&wGif; EIwfcrf;0wkdifatmif zdkYMuukef\/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf vrf;c&D;rS zJ opfyif&if;odkY csOf;uyfvsuf cif;xm;tyfaom
ae&m xkdifawmf rlNyD;aomf toQiftmeEmtm; ]]tmeEm igcdkif;vdk\/ oifonf igbk&m;
aomuf&ef xkda&wGif;rS aomufa&udk aqmifcJhavmh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
odkY rdefYqdkvwfaomf toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ]]toQifbk&m; ,cktcg OD;jynf;

&[ef;,kwfwdkYonf aomufa&udk raomufMuapukefvifh}} [k ESvHk;ydkufum a&wGif;udk xlP
&Gmom; ykPm;ESifh trsKd;om;wdkYonf jrufjzifh vnf;aumif;? zGJjzifh vnf;aumif; a&wGif;
EIwfcrf;0wkdifatmif zdkYxm;Muygukefonf}} [k (avQmuf\)/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]tmeEm igcdkif;vdk\/
oifonf igbk&m; aomuf&ef xkda&wGif;rS aomufa&udk aqmifcJhavmh}} [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
oydwfudk ,lvsuf xkda&wGif;odkY csOf;uyf\/ xkdtcg toQiftmeEm csOf;uyfvwfaomf
xkda&wGif;onf xkdtvHk;pHkaom jrufudk vnf;aumif;? zGJudk vnf;aumif; a&wGif;EIwfcrf;0rS
tefxkwf Munfvifaom raemufusKaom txl;Munfvif aom a&jzifh wGif;EIwfcrf;0
wkdifatmif jynfhvsuf pD;xGufouJhodkY wnf\/
xkdtcg toQiftmeEmtm; tMuHonf jzpf\ ]]tcsif;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wefcdk;
tmEkabmf BuD;onf\ tjzpfonf tHhMozG,f&SdaypG? rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG? ig csOf;uyf rdaomtcg
a&wGif;onf tvHk;pHkaom jrufudk vnf;aumif;? zGJudk vnf;aumif; wGif;EIwfcrf;0rS
tefxkwf Munfvifaom raemufusKaom txl;Munfvif aom a&jzifh a&wGif; EIwfcrf;0
wkdifatmif pD;xGufouJhodkY wnf\}} [k (tMuHjzpf\?) toQiftmeEmonf odkY MuHNyD;vQif
oydwfjzifh aomufa&udk ,laqmifvsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wefcdk;tmEkabmf BuD;onf\ tjzpfonf tHhMozG,f&SdygaypG?
rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG? toQifbk&m; wynfhawmf csOf;uyfrdaomtcg xkda&wGif;onf tvHk;pHkaom
jrufudk vnf;aumif;? zGJudk vnf;aumif; wGif;EIwfcrf;0rS tefxkwf Munfvifaom
raemufusKaom txl;Munfvifaom a&jzifh wGif;EIwfcrf;0 wkdifatmif jynfhvsuf pD;xGuf
ouJhodkY wnfyg\/ bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&udk aomufawmfrlyg aumif;aom
pum;udk qdkawmfrlwwfaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&udk aomufawmfrlyg}} [k (avQmuf\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef -]]a&wdkYonf
tcgcyfodrf; t&yftm;vHk; wdkY tu,f jzpfay:aeMuukefrl a&wGif;jzifh todkY jyK&tHhenf;/
tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif;aMumifh jzpfaom qif;&J\ taMumif;jzpfaom wPSm\ tjrpfudk jzwf
wnfaom iguJhodkYaom bk&m;oQifonf tb,fhaMumifh &SmrSD;&ef vSnfhvnf&tHhenf;}} [k
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 77 -- pplVlV00**f f ======
10 - Oaweokwf
70/ tuREfkyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumorDjynf
aCmodwmHk ausmif; oDwif;oHk; aeawmfrl\/ xkdtcg Oawerif;onf O,smOfodkY xGufoGm;pOf
eef;awmfudk rD;avmif\/ omrm0wD trSL;&Sdaom rdef;rig;&mwdkY onfvnf; aoMuukef\/
,laqmifvsuf aumorDjynfodkY qGrf;cH0ifukef\/ aumorDjynf qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfNyD;
qGrf;pm;NyD; aemuf qGrf;cH&GmrS zJMuukef vsuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk
]]toQifbk&m; ,aeY Oawerif; O,smOfodkY xGufoGm;pOf eef;awmfudk rD;avmifyg\/
omrm0wDtrSL;&Sdaom rdef;rig;&mwdkYonfvnf; aoMuukef\/ toQifbk&m; xkdOygodumrwdkY\
vm;&m*wdum; tb,fygenf;/ wrvGefb0um; tb,fygenf;}} [k (avQmufukef\)/
&[ef;wdkY Oygodumrtaygif;wdkYwGif aomwmyef OygodumrwdkYonf &Sdukef\/
ou'g*grfOygodumrwdkY onf &Sdukef\/ tem*grf OygodumrwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ &[ef;wdkY
tvHk;pHkaom OygodumrwdkYonf tusKd;rJh r[kwfukefrl aoMu&ukef\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xkdodaom tcsdef ]]avmuonf arm[jzifh zGJU,Suf zHk;vTrf;&um; taMumif;ESifh jynfhpHk ouJhodkY xif&\/
Oy"dwdkYjzifh tzGJUcH&aom olrdkufonf t0dZm[laom trdkufwkdufjzifh jcH&Htyf&um; jrJouJhodkY
xif&\/ tedpponfwdkY\ tpGrf;jzifh Iol r*fynmjzifh jrifoltm; &m* paom aMumifhMurI
r&SdEdkifawmhacs}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'orokwf/
ckepfckajrmuf plV0*f NyD;\/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
1 - yXredAmey#doH,kwokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYudk edAmefESifhpyfaom w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk odjrifapvsuf
(w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef;apawmfrl\/ xkd&[ef;
wdkYonf tkdtaojyK ESvHk;oGif;vsuf tvHk;pHkaom pdwfjzifh aumif;pGm aqmifNyD;vQif
em;pkdufum w&m;udk emMuukef\/ xkdtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl
xkdodaom tcsdef- ]]&[ef;wdkY tMuif edAmeft&yf yx0D"mwf tmayg"mwf awaZm"mwf
0ga,m"mwf r&Sd? tmumomem,wepsmef 0dnmPm,wepsmef tmudnm,wepsmef
ae0onmemonm,wepsmefvnf; r&Sd? ypKyefavmu wrvGef avmuvnf; r&Sd? ESpfyg;pHkaom
vaewdkYonfvnf; r&Sdukef/ xkdedAmefonf &Sdonf omwnf;/ &[ef;wdkY xkdedAmefvnf;
wpfpHkwpfckaom b0rSvmjcif;udk igra[m? wpfpHkwpfckaom b0odkY oGm;jcif;udkvnf; igra[m?
wpfpHk wpfckaom t&yf wnfjcif;udkvnf; igra[m? a&Guavsm pkawjcif;udkvnf; ig ra[m?
y#doaEtm;jzifh jzpfjcif;udkvnf; igra[m? xkdedAmefonf wnf&m r&Sd jzpfjcif; r&Sd tmHkjyKrI
r&Sdonf omwnf;/ oabmonfom qif;&J\ tqHk;wnf;}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yXrokwf/
------
2 - 'kwd,edAmey#doH,kwokwf
(w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef;apawmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;
wdkYonf tdktaojyK ESvHk;oGif;vsuf tvHk;pHkaom pdwfjzifh aumif;pGm aqmifNyD;vQif
em;pdkufum w&m;udk emMuukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef ]]wPSmuif;&m edAmef rnfonfum; jrifEdkifcJaom w&m;wnf;/rSef\- edAmefonf jrifjcif;iSg
vG,fulaom w&m;r[kwf? eda&m"opmudk tmHkjyKaomtm;jzifh 'kuopmudk ydkif;jcm; odaom
tm;jzifh r*opmudk yGg;aomtm;jzifh xdk;xGi;f odouJhodkY wPSm[laom ork',opmudkvnf;
y,faomtm;jzifh xdk;xGif; odtyf\/ odkY opmav;yg;udk r*fynmjzifh odol jrifoltm;
aMumifhMurI r&SdEdkifawmhNyD}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'kwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
3 - wwd,edAmey#doH,kwokwf
wdkYonf tdktao jyK ESvHk;oGif;vsuf tvHk;pHkaom pdwfjzifh aumif;pGm aqmifNyD;vQif
em;pdkufum w&m;udk emMuukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef -]]&[ef;wdkY
jzpfay:rIr &Sdaom xif&Sm;jzpfaerI r&Sdaom jyKvkyfxm;rI r&Sdaom pD&ifxm;rI r&Sdaom
edAmefonf &Sd\/ &[ef;wdkY jzpfay:rI r&Sdaom xif&Sm;jzpf aerI r&Sdaom jyKvkyfxm;rI r&Sdaom
pD&ifxm;rI r&Sdaom edAmefonf tu,f r&Sdygrl avmu jzpfay:vmrI xif&Sm;jzpfaerI
jyKvkyfxm;rI pD&ifxm;rI oabm&Sdaom cEmyurS xGufajrmuf&m onf rxif&Sm;&m/ &[ef;wdkY
tMuifhaMumifh jzpfay:rI r&Sdaom xif&Sm;jzpfaerI r&Sdaom jyKvkyfxm;rI r&Sdaom pD&ifxm;rI
r&Sdaom edAmefonf &Sd\/ xdkYaMumifhom jzpfay:vmrI xif&Sm;jzpfaerI jyKvkyfxm;rI pD&ifxm;rI
oabm&Sdaom cEmyurS xGufajrmuf &monf xif&Sm;\}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
wwd,okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
4 - pwkwedAmey#doH,kwokwf
wdkYonf tdktaojyK ESvHk;oGif;vsuf tvHk;pHkaom pdwfjzifh aumif;pGm aqmifNyD;vQif em;pdkuf
um w&m;udk emMuukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]kyftp&Sdaom ocFg& wPSm 'd|dwdkYjzifh rSDaom oltm; wPSm 'd|dwdkYjzifh wkefvIyf\/ wPSm
'd|dwdkYjzifh rrSDaomoltm; wkefvIyfrI r&Sd? wkefvyI frI r&Sdaomf Nidrf;at;\/ Nidrf;at;rI &Sdvwfaomf
GwfrIwPSm rjzpf? GwfrI wPSm r&Sdaomf y#doaEtm;jzifh b0odkY vmjcif; pkawtm;jzifh
xdkb0odkY oGm;jcif; rjzpf? vmjcif; oGm;jcif; r&Sdaomf pkawjcif; y#doaEaejcif; rjzpf? pkawjcif;
y#doaEaejcif; r&Sdaomf rsufarSmufb0 vnf;aumif;? wrvGefb0 vnf;aumif;?
ESpfyg;pHkb0 vnf;aumif; rjzpfawmhvwHU/ onfyifvQif qif;&J\ tqHk;wnf;}} [k
pwkwokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
5 - pkEokwf
75/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rvwdkif;
rsm;pGmaom &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl a'opm&D <ucsDvSnfhvnfawmf rlvwfaomf yg0gNrdKUodkY
qdkufa&muf awmfrl\/ xdkyg0gNrdKU jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkE\ o&uf
O,smOf aeawmfrl\/
a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl
rvwdkif; a'opm&D <ucsDawmf rlvwfaomf yg0gNrdKUodkY qdkufa&mufawmfrl rdrd o&ufO,smOf
aeawmfrl\}} [k Mum;av\/ xdktcg a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;huyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaomt&yf xdkifae\/ wpfckaomt&yf
xdkifaeaom a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEtm; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk
odjrifapvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef;apawmfrl\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk odjrifapvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum

(w&m;usifhoHk; &ef) xufoef &Tifvef;apNyD;onf&Sdaomf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf
]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef; oHCmESifhtwl eufjzef tuREkfyf\ qGrf;udk
vufcHawmfrlyg}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmuf\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzifh
vufcHawmfrl\/
xdktcg a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf jrwfpGmbk&m; vufcHawmfrlonfudk od
ae&mrSxum jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf tdktao jyKNyD;vQif zJcGgoGm;\/ xdktcg
a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf xdknOfh vGefajrmufNyD;aemuf rdrdaetdrf rGefjrwfaom
cJzG,fabmZOfudk vnf;aumif;? El;nHhaom 0ufom; ]olu&r'0} rsm;udk vnf;aumif;
pD&ifapNyD;vQif ]]toQifbk&m; tcsdefwefygNyD/ qGrf;jyifNyD;ygNyD}} [k tcsdefwefaMumif;udk
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmuf\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wfawmfrl oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEaetdrfodkY csOf;uyf
cif;xm;tyfaom ae&m xdkifawmfrl\/ xdkifawmfrlNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]a&Tyef;xdrfonf
\om; pkE oif pD&ifxm;onfh El;nHhaom 0ufom;jzifh ighudk vkyfauR;avmh? oif pD&ifxm;onfh
tjcm;cJzG,f abmZOfjzifh &[ef;oHCmudk vkyfauR;avmh}} [k a&Tyef;xdrf onf\om; pkEtm;
rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEonf jrwfpGmbk&m; tm;
0efcHNyD;vQif pD&ifxm;onfh El;nHhaom 0ufom;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;udk vkyfauR;\/ pD&ifxm;onfh
tjcm;cJzG,f abmZOfjzifh &[ef;oHCmudk vkyfauR;\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEudk rdefYawmfrl\ ]]pkE oif\
<uif;usefaom El;nHhaom 0ufom;udk wGif; jrKyfvdkufavmh? pkE ewf rm&fewf jA[mESifh
wuGaom ewfavmuESifhwuGaom orP jAm[P rif;rsm; vlrsm;ESifhwuGaom
vlUavmu xdk (El;nHhaom 0ufom;) udk pm;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;rS wpfyg; aumif;pGm tpmaMu
tHhaom yk*dKvfudk igrjrif rawGU&acs}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k
a&Tyef;xdrfonf \om; pkEonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0efcH <uif;usefaom El;nHhaom 0ufom;udk
wGif; jrKyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaom t&yf
xdkif\/ wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeaom a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEudk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk odjrifap vsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnfapum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef)
xufoef &Tifvef;apawmfrlNyD;vQif ae&mrSxum zJ<uawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkE\ qGrf;udk bkOf;ay;awmf rlNyD;aomtcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; Murf;wrf; aom tema&m*g uyfa&mufvsuf aoavmufatmif jyif;xefaom
0rf;aoG;oGefa&m*g a0'emwdkYonf jzpfay: vmukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdka0'emwdkYudk
owd&Sdvsuf qifjcifvsuf yifyef;onfudk ra&wGufbJ onf;cHawmfrl\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf ]]tmeEm vm oGm;MuukeftHh? ukodemHkjynfodkY csOf;uyfukeftHh}} [k toQiftmeEmtm;
rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0efcH\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkE\ (El;nHhaom0ufom;) qGrf;udk bkOf;ay;awmf
rlNyD; aoavmufatmif jyif;xefaom tema&m*gudk &awmfrlonf[k ajymMuonfudk
tuREkfyfMum;&yg\/
El;nHhaom 0ufom;qGrf;udk bkOf;ay;NyD;aomtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyif;xefaom

tema&m*g jzpfay:vm\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf 0rf;aoG;oGefawmfrlonf jzpfvsufomvQif
ukodemHkjynfodkY ig oGm;tHh[k rdefYawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf vrf;c&D;rS zJ opfyif&if;odkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif ]]tmeEm ig
cdkif;\/ oifonf ig\ 'kuk#f ouFef;BuD;udk av;xyfacguf cif;ay;avmh? tmeEm igbk&m;
yifyef;vmNyD/ xkdifOD;tHh}} [k tmeEmtm; rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k
toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0efcHNyD;vQif 'kuk#f ouFef;BuD;udk av;xyfacguf
cif;ay;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf cif;xm;aom ae&m xdkifawmfrlNyD;vQif ]]tmeEm ig cdkif;\/
oifonf igbk&m;twGuf aomufa&udk aqmifacsavmh? tmeEm (igbk&m;) a&rGwfodyf\/
a&aomuftHh}} [k toQiftmeEmtm; rdefYawmfrl\/
odkY rdefYvwfaomf toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\/
]]toQifbk&m; vSnf;tpD; ig;&mwdkY jzwful;oGm;Muyg\/ vSnf;rsm; jzwful;xm;aomaMumifh
xdktenf;i,faom (acsmif;) a&onf acsmufcsm; aemufusKvsuf pD;aeyg\/ toQifbk&m;
ukuk|mjrpfonf ra0;vSawmhyg? (xdkjrpfonf) Munfvifaom a&&Sdyg\/ csKdNrdefaom a&&Sdyg\/
at;jraom a&&Sdyg\/ Gefuif;aom a&&Sdyg\/ aumif;aom qdyfurf;&Sdyg\/ arGUavsmfzG,f
&Sdyg\/ ukuk|mjrpf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a&udkvnf; aomufawmfrl&vwHU/ udk,fawmfudkvnf;
at;jratmif jyKawmfrl&ygvwHU}} [k (odkY avQmuf\)/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]tmeEm ig cdkif;\/
oifonf igbk&m; twGuf aomufa&udk aqmifacsavmh? tmeEm igbk&m; a&rGwfodyf\/
a&aomuftHh}} [k toQiftmeEmtm; rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k
toQiftmeEmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0efcHNyD;vQif oydwfudk ,lum xdkacsmif;qDodkY csOf;uyf
av\/ xdktcg vSnf;rsm; jzwful;xm;aomaMumifh acsmufcsm; aemufusKvsuf pD;aeaom
xdkacsmif;a& tenf;i,fonftoQiftmeEm csOf;uyfavvQif MunfvifoefY&Sif; aemufusK
uif;vsuf pD;av\/
xdktcg toQiftmeEmonf odkY qifjcifrd\ ]]tcsif;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wefcdk;tmEkabmf
BuD;onf\ tjzpfonf tHhMozG,f &SdygaypG? tcsif;wdkY rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG? vSnf;rsm; jzwful;
xm;aomaMumifh acsmufcsm; aemufusKvsuf pD;aeaom acsmif;a& tenf;i,fonf ig
csOf;uyfaomtcg MunfvifoefY&Sif; aemufusKuif; vsuf pD;bd\}} [k qifjcifNyD;vQif oydwfjzifh
a&udk cyf,lum jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; pum;udk avQmuf\/
]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wefcdk;awmf tmEkabmfBuD;onf\ tjzpfonf tHhMozG,f &SdygaypG?
rjzpfzl;jrJ jzpfygaypG?rSefyg\/ toQifbk&m; ,ckyif vSnf;rsm; jzwful;xm;aomaMumifh
acsmufcsm; aemufusKvsuf pD;aeaom xdkacsmif;a& tenf;i,fonf tuREkfyf csOf;uyf
oGm;aomtcg MunfvifoefY&Sif; aemufusK uif;vsuf pD;ygonf? bkef;awmfBuD;aom
jrwfpGmbk&m; aomufa&udk oHk;aqmifawmfrlyg? aumif;aom pum;udk qdkawmfrlwwfaom
jrwfpGmbk&m; aomufa&udk oHk;aqmifawmfrlyg}} [k (avQmuf\)/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
aomufa&udk oHk;aqmifawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl ukuk|mjrpfodkY csOf;uyf
awmfrl ukuk|mjrpf oufqif;vsuf a&csKd;awmfrl aomufawmfrlNyD;aemuf wpfzef jyefwuf
NyD;vQif o&ufawmodkY csOf;uyfawmfrl ]]pkE ig cdkif;\/ oifonf ig\ 'kuk#f ouFef;BuD;udk
av;xyfacguf cif;ay;avmh? pkE igbk&m; yifyef;\/ avsmif;pufOD;tHh}} [k toQifpkEtm;

rdefYawmfrl\/
]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k toQifpkEonf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0efcHNyD;vQif 'kuk#f
ouFef;BuD;udk av;xyf acguf cif;ay;av\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf (vufsm) ajcay:
(vuf0J) ajcudk pOf;i,fvGefum wifxm; owd&Sdvsuf qifjcifvsuf (rnfonfhtcsdef) xtHh[k
ESvHk;oGif; ydkif;jcm;vsuf vufsmeHawmif;jzifh jrwfaom avsmif;pufjcif;udk jyKawmfrl\/
toQifpkEonfum; xdkt&yfyif jrwfpGmbk&m;\ rsufarSmuf xdkifae \/
avmu twkr&Sdaom opmav;yg;udk odawmfrlaom q&mocif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
a&Munfvif csKdNrdef oefY&Sif;aom ukuk|mjrpfodkY csOf;uyf awmfrlNyD;vQif tvGefyifyef;aom
oabm &Sdonfjzpf oufqif;awmfrlum a&csKd;awmfrl aomufawmfrlNyD;vQif jyefwufawmfrl\/
(omoemawmf) w&m;wdkYudk wDxGif a[mMum;awmfrlwwfaom bkef;awmfBuD;aom
q&mocif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdkodkY jyefwufawmfrlNyD;vQif &[ef;taygif;\ tv,f
(&[ef;taygif;) MunfhI jcH&Hvsuf o&ufawmodkY csOf;uyfawmfrl\/ ig\ ('kuk#fouFef;BuD;udk)
av;xyfacguf cif;ay;avmh? avsmif;pufOD;tHh[k pkErnfaom &[ef;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
rdefYawmfrl\/
jrwfpGmbk&m; apcdkif;awmfrlvQif xdkpkEonf ('kuk#fouFef;BuD;udk) av;xyf acguf
vsifjrefpGm cif;ay;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tvGefyifyef;aom oabm&Sdonfjzpf avsmif;puf
awmfrl\/ pkEonfvnf; (xdkjrwfpGmbk&m; \) rsufarSmufyif xdkifae\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf toQiftmeEmudk rdefYawmfrl\ ]]tmeEm wpfpHkwpfa,mufaom
olonf a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkEtm; tcsif;pkE oif\ qGrf;udk aemufqHk;bkOf;ay;awmfrl
jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef jyKawmfrl&acs\/ (xdkYaMumifh ) oifonf t&rawmfavpG? oifhtm;
raumif;ojzifh &tyfaypG}} [k qdkvsuf ESvHk;romjcif;udk jzpfapaomfvnf; jzpfap&m\/ tmeEm
(xdkodkY jzpfapcJhygvQif) a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkE\ ESvHk;romjcif;udk odkY ajzazsmuf&rnf]]'g,umpkE oif\ qGrf;udk aemufqHk;bkOf;ay;awmfrl jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAmef
jyKawmfrl\/ xdkYaMumifh oifhtm; t&awmfygaypG? oifonf aumif;pGm &tyfaypG? 'g,umpkE
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ rsufarSmufawmfrS pum;udk Mum;emvdkuf&\/ cH,lvdkuf&\/ ]tjcm;qGrf;
wdkYxuf tusKd; tmedoif BuD;rm;ukefaom tcsif;csif; wlrQ tusKd;0dyguf wlrQukefaom
qGrf; ESpfrsKd;wdkYonf &Sdukef\/ tb,fESpfrsKd;wdkYenf;[lrl-tMuif qGrf;udk bkOf;ay;awmfrl
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tjrwfqHk;jzpfaom ormoarm"dPfudk &awmfrl\/ (qGrf;vnf; wpfrsKd;?)
tMuif qGrf;udk bkOf;ay;awmfrl jrwfpGmbk&m;onf cEmt<uif; r&Sdaom Nidrf;jcif; oabm
tEkyg'daoo edAme"mwfjzifh y&dedAmef pH0ifawmfrl\/ (qGrf;vnf;wpfrsKd;?) tjcm;qGrf;wdkYxuf
tusKd; tmedoif BuD;rm;ukefaom tcsif;csif; wlrQ tusKd;0dyguf wlrQukefaom qGrf; ESpfrsKd;
wdkY[lonf onfwdkYyifwnf;} ([lpum;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;\) rsufarSmufawmfrS Mum;em
vdkuf&\? cH,lvdkuf&\/
xdkYaMumifh a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; 'g,umpkEonf touf&Snfjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom
uHudk qnf;yl;&ayNyD/ tqif;vSjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom uHudk qnf;yl;&ayNyD/ csrf;omjcif;udk
jzpfapwwfaom uHudk qnf;yl;&ayNyD/ ewfjynf jzpfapwwfaom uHudk qnf;yl;&ayNyD/
tjcHt&H rsm;jcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom uHudk qnf;yl;&ayNyD/ tBuD;tuJ jzpfapwwfaom uHudk
qnf;yl;&ayNyD}} [k a[mMum; a&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; pkE\ ESvHk;romjcif; udk ajzazsmuf&rnf

tmeEm[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]ay;vSLaom oltm; ukodkvf aumif;rIonf wdk;yGg;\/ apmifhpnf;aom oltm; &efryGg;Edkif?
Pf&Sdolonf raumif;rIudk y,fpGefY\/ xdkodkY (y,fpGefY) olonf &m* a'go arm[wdkY ukef
(udavomrD;) Nidrf;at;avawmh ownf;}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
yrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
6 - yg#vd*grd,okwf
76/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom
&[ef;oHCmESifh twl r*"wdkif; a'opm&D vSnfhvnfvwfaomf yg#vd&GmodkY a&mufawmfrl\/
xdktcg ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;onf rsm;pGmaom &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl r*"wdkif; a'opm&D
vSnfhvnfawmfrl&m yg#vd&GmodkY a&mufawmfrlowwf}} [k yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkY
Mum;ukef\/ xdktcg yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf
jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif wpfckaomt&yf xdkifaeukefNyD;aomf ]]toQifbk&m; jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf tuREkfyfwdkY\ {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yfudk vufcHawmfrlyg}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;
avQmufukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaeawmfrlojzifh vufcHawmfrl\/
xdktcgyg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m; vufcHawmfrlonfudk odojzifh
ae&mrSxum jrwfpGm bk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf tdktaojyKNyD;vQif {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yfodkY
csOf;uyfukef {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yf cif;ESD; tjynfhcif;jcif; xdkifaep&mwdkYudk jyifxm;jcif;
a&jynfhtdk;BuD;wdkYudk wnfxm;jcif; qDrD;xGef;jcif;wdkYudk jyKNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf
jyefukef\/ csOf;uyfNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomae&m &yfwnfukefNyD;aomf
]]toQifbk&m; {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yf cif;ESD;tjynfh cif;NyD;ygNyD/ xdkifaep&mwdkYudkvnf;
jyifxm;NyD;ygNyD/ a&jynfh tdk;BuD;udkvnf; wnfxm;NyD;ygNyD/ qDrD;udkvnf; ndxGef;xm;NyD;ygNyD/
toQifbk&m; ,cktcg <uawmfrl&ef tcsdefudk jrwfpGmbk&m; odawmfrlygonf? (<u&efrSm
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tvdkawmftwdkif;yif jzpfygonf)}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ouFef;udk jyif0wfawmfrl oydwf ouFef;udk ,laqmifvsuf
&[ef;oHCmESifh twl {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&mZ&yfodkY csOf;uyfawmfrlNyD;vQif ajcaq;awmfrl
{nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yfodkY 0ifNyD;aomf tv,fwdkifudk rSDvsuf ta&SUt&yfodkY rsufESmrlum
xdkifaeawmfrl\/ &[ef;oHCmonfvnf; ajcaq; {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yfodkY 0ifNyD;aomf
taemufbuf eH&Hudk rSDvsuf ta&SUt&yfodkY rsufESmrlum jrwfpGmbk&m;udkomvQif a&SUxm;
xdkifae\/yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYonfvnf; ajcaq;ukef {nfhonfwdkY wnf;cdk&m Z&yfodkY
0ifukefNyD;aomf ta&SUbufeH&Hudk rSDvsuf taemuft&yfodkY rsufESmrlum jrwfpGmbk&m;udk omvQif

a&SUxm; xdkifaeukef\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYudk rdefYawmfrl\OygoumwdkY oDvr&Sdol\ oDvysufjcif; tjypfwdkYonf ig;yg;wdkYwnf;/ tb,f
ig;yg;wdkYenf; [lrl- OygoumwdkY avmu oDvr&Sdaom oDvysufaom olonf arhavsmhjcif;
aMumifh rsm;pGmaom pnf;pdrf qHk;HI; jcif;odkY a&muf\/ onfum; oDvr&Sdaom ol\ oDv
ysufjcif; yXrjzpfaom tjypfwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDvr&Sdaom oDvysufaom ol\ raumif;aom
ausmfapm owif;onf ysHUESHY xGuf\/ onfum; oDv r&Sdol\ oDvysufjcif;
'kwd,jzpfaom tjypfwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDvr&Sdaom oDvysufaom olonf rif;y&dowf
ykPm;y&dowf ol<u,f y&dowf &[ef;y&dowf tv,fokYd csOf;uyfcJhaomf aMumufaMumuf&GHU&GHU
rsufESmndK;i,fvsuf csOf;uyf&\/ um; oDv r&Sdol\ oDvysufjcif; wwd,jzpfaom
tjypfwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDvr&Sdaom oDvysufaom olonf awGawGa0a0
jzpfvsufao&\/ um; oDv r&Sdol\ oDv ysufjcif; pwkwjzpfaom tjypfwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDvr&Sdaom oDvysufaom olonf cEmudk,fysufpD;
aoNyD;onfrS aemuf csrf;omuif;aom raumif;aom vm;&m ysufpD; usa&muf&mjzpfaom
i&J jzpf&\/ um; oDv r&Sdol\ oDvysufjcif; yrjzpfaom tjypfwnf;/ OygoumwdkY
oDvr&Sdol\ oDvysufjcif; tjypfwdkYonf igyg;wdkYaywnf;/
OygoumwdkY oDv&Sdol\ oDvjynfhpHkjcif; tusKd;tmedoifwdkYonf ig;yg;wdkYwnf;/
tb,fig;yg;wdkYenf; [lrl-OygoumwdkY avmu oDv&Sdaom oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom olonf
rarhravsmhjcif;aMumifh rsm;pGmaom pnf;pdrf tpkudk&\/ onfum; oDv &Sdol\ oDv
jynfhpHkjcif; yXrjzpfaom tusKd; tmedoifwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDv&Sdaom oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom ol\ aumif;aom
ausmfapm owif;onf ysHUESHY xGuf\/ onfum; oDv&Sdol\ oDv jynfhpHkjcif;
'kwd,jzpfaom tusKd;tmedoifwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDv&Sdaom oDvESifh jynfhpHak om olonf rif;y&dowf
ykPm;y&dowf ol<u,f y&dowf &[ef;y&dowf tv,fodkY csOf;uyfcJhaomf raMumufr&GHU rsufESm
rndK;i,fbJ csOf;uyf&\/ um; oDv&Sdol\ oDv jynfhpHkjcif; wwd,jzpfaom
tusKd;tmedoifwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDv&Sdaom oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom olonf awGa0jcif;
r&SdbJao&\/ um; oDv&Sdol\ oDvESifh jynfhpHkjcif; pwkwjzpfaom tusKd;tmedoifwnf;/
OygoumwdkY wpfzef xdkYjyifvnf; oDv&Sdaom oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom olonf cEmudk,f
ysufpD; aoNyD;onfrS aemuf aumif;aom vm;&m ewfjynf jzpf&\/ um; oDv&Sdol\
oDvESifh jynfhpHkjcif; yrjzpfaom tusKd; tmedoifwnf;/ OygoumwdkY oDv&Sdol\ oDvESifh
jynfhpHkjcif; tusKd; tmedoifwdkYonf ig;yg;wdkYaywnf;[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYudk MumjrifhpGm nOfhtcsdefywfvHk;

(nOfheufonf wdkifatmif) w&m;pum;jzifh tusKd;pD;yGg;udk odjrifapvsuf (w&m;udk) aqmufwnf
apum (w&m;usifhoHk;&ef) xufoef &Tifvef;apawmfrlNyD;vQif ]]OygoumwdkY nOfhOD;,HvGefavNyD/
,cktcg oGm;&ef tcsdefudk oifwkdY odukef \/ (oGm;&efrSm oifwdYk\ tvdktwdkif;yifjzpf\)}} [k
jyefvTwfawmfrl\/ ]]toQifbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} [k yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;
tm; 0efcHNyD;vQif jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf tdktao jyKvsuf jyefoGm;Muukef\/ xdktcg
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf yg#vd&Gmom; OygoumwdkY jyefoGm; rMumjrifhrD qdwfNidrf&modkY 0ifawmfrl\/
xdkpOftcg r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm; jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um& ykPm;wdkYonf
0ZDrif;wdkYudk wm;qD; ydwfqdkYjcif;iSg yg#vd&Gm NrdKU wnfaxmifaeMuukef\/ xdktcg rsm;pGmaom
ewfwdkYonfvnf; wpfaxmifpD wpfaxmifpD pkHk;omvQif yg#vd&Gm tdrf&mwdkYudk
odrf;ydkufvsuf aeMuukef\/ wefcdk;BuD;aom ewfwdkY tdrf&m odrf;ydkufaom &yfuGuf wefcdk;BuD;
aom rif;ESifh trwfBuD;wdkY tdrf&m wnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/ wefcdk; tvwfpm;
ewfwdkY tdrf&m odrf;ydkufaom &yfuGuf wefcdk; tvwfpm;rif;ESifh trwfBuD;wdkY tdrf&m
wnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/ wefcdk;enf;aom ewfwdkY tdrf&m odrf;ydkufaom &yfuGuf
wefcdk;enf;aom rif;ESifhtrwfBuD;wdkYtdrf&m wnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf wpfaxmifpD wpfaxmifpD pkHk;omvQif yg#vd&Gm tdrf&mwdkYudk
odrf;ydkufaeMuaom xdkewfwdkYudk txl;ojzifh pifMu,faom vlwdkY\ rsufpdxuf omvGefaom
ewfwdkY\ rsufpdESifh wlaom ]'dApuK} Pfjzifh jrifawmfrl\/y/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
nOfh\tqHk; (rdk;aomuf,H) avsmif;puf&mrS xawmfrl tmeEmyg#vd&Gm NrdKUudk tb,fol
wdkYonf wnfaqmufaeMuoenf;[k toQiftmeEmudk ar;awmfrl\/
toQifbk&m; r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf
0ZDrif;wdkYudk wm;qD; ydwfqdkY&ef yg#vd&Gm NrdKU wnfaxmif aeMuygukef\[k avQmuf\/
tmeEm r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf 0ZDrif;wdkYudk wm;qD;
ydwfqdkY&ef yg#vd&Gm NrdKU wnfaxmif aeMuonfrSm wm0womewfwdkYESifh wdkifyif wnfaxmif
ouJhodkY yif&Sdacs\/ tmeEm wpfaxmifpD wpfaxmifpD pkHk; omvQif yg#vd&Gm tdrf&mwdkYudk
odrf;ydkufaeMuaom rsm;pGmaom ewfwdkYudk igonf txl;ojzifh pifMu,faom vlwdkY\
rsufpdxuf omvGefaom ewfwdkY\ rsufpdESifhwlaom ]'dApuK} Pfjzifh jrifawmfrl\/ tmeEm
wefcdk;BuD;aom ewfwdkY tdrf&m odrf;ydkufaom &yfuGuf wefcdk;BuD;aom rif;ESifh trwfBuD;wdkY
tdrf&m wnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/ wefcdk; tvwfpm;ewfwdkY tdrf&m odrf;ydkufaom
&yfuGuf wefcdk;tvwf pm; rif;ESifh trwfBuD;wdkY tdrf&mwnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/
wefcdk;enf;aom ewfwdkY tdrf&modrf;ydkuf aom &yfuGuf wefcdk;enf;aom rif;ESifh trwfBuD;wdkY
tdrf&mwnfaqmuf&ef pdwfGwfMuukef\/ tmeEm t&d,mvlrsKd;wdkY\ pka0;aexdkif&m ul;oef;
a&mif;0,f&m NrdKUwdkYwGif NrdKUopfonf ukefxkwfrsm;udk zGif;vSpf a&mif;cs&m yg#vdykwfrnfaom
tBuD;qHk;NrdKU jzpf&pfayvwHU/ tmeEm yg#vdykwfNrdKU rD;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? a&aMumifh
vnf;aumif;? tcsif;csif; uGJjym;rIaMumifh vnf;aumif; oHk;yg;aom tE&m,fwdkYonf jzpfukef
vwHU [k rdefYawmfrl\/
xdktcg r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oke"d ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;
xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifhtwl 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om Eiwfquf ajymqdkukef\/
0rf;ajrmufzG,f trSwf&zG,f pum;udk NyD;qHk; apNyD; wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeMuNyD;aomf
]]toQifa*gwronf ,aeYtzdkY &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl tuREkfyfwdkY \ qGrf;udk vufcHawmfrlyg}} [k

jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzifh vufcHawmfrl\/
xdktcg r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oke"d ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;
vufcHawmfrlonf udk od rdrdwdkY (wnf;cdk) tdrfodkY csOf;uyfukefvsuf rdrdwdkY (wnf;cdk) tdrf
rGefjrwfaom cJzG,fabmZOfudk pDrHapNyD;vQif ]]toQifa*gwr tcsdefwefygNyD/ qGrf;jyifNyD;ygNyD}} [k
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; tcsdef wefaMumif;udk avQmufMum;apukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf eHeuftcsdef ouFef;udk jyif0wfawmfrl oydwf ouFef;udk
,laqmifvsuf &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;
wdkY\ (wnf;cdk) tdrfodkY csOf;uyf cif;xm;tyfaom ae&m xdkifawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf bk&m;trSL;
&Sdaom &[ef; oHCmudk rGefjrwfaom cJzG,fabmZOfjzifh a&mif&Jonfh wdkifatmif wm;jrpfonfh
wdkifatmif rdrdwdkY udk,fwdkif vkyfauR;ukef\/
xdkYaemuf r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;
qGrf;pm;NyD; oydwfrS vufudk z,fNyD;aomtcg edrfhaom xdkifp&mwpfckudk ,l wpfckaom
ae&m xdkifukef\/ wpfckaom ae&m xdkifNyD;aom r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh
0um&ykPm;wdkYudk jrwfpGmbk&m;onf *gxmwdkYjzifh tEkarm'em jyKawmfrl\]]ykPm;wdkY ynm&Sdonf tMuift&yf tdrf&m aqmufvkyfaexdkif\/ t&yf oDv&Sdaom
udk,f EIwf ESvHk; apmifhoHk;aom jrwfaomtusifhudk usifhaom yk*dKvfwdkYudk qGrf;auR;NyD;vQif
xdkt&yf &Sdaom ewfwdkYtm; tvSL\ tzdkYudk trQay;a0&m\/ odkY trQ ay;a0vwfaomf
ewfwdkYonf ylaZmfcH&ojzifh xdk (trQay;a0) oludk twkHY jyef ylaZmfukef\/ jrwfEdk;cH&
ojzifhvnf; twkHYjyef jrwfEdk;ukef\/ xdkYaMumifh rdcifonf &if0,fom;udk apmifha&Smuf ouJhodkY
ewfwdkYonf xdk(trQay;a0) oludk apmifha&Smufukef\/ ewfwdkY apmifha&SmufcH&aom olonf
tcgcyfodrf; aumif;jcif; r*FvmwdkYudkom awGUjrif&av\}} [k tEkarm'emjyKawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;
wdkYtm; *gxmwdkY jzifh tEkarm'emjyK ae&mrS xum zJ<uawmfrl\/
xdktcg r*"wdkif; trwfBuD;rsm;jzpfaom oked"ESifh 0um&ykPm;wdkYonf ]],aeY
&[ef;a*gwr xGufoGm; &m wHcg;udk a*gwr wHcg;[kwGif apvwHU/ toQifa*gwr ul;&m
**Fgjrpfqdyfudk a*gwra&qdyf[kwGif apvwHU}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;\ aemufrS aemufrS tpOf
vdkufukef\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m; xGufoGm;&m xdkwHcg;onf a*gwrwHcg;[k trnfwGifav\/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m; onf **FgjrpfodkY csOf;uyfawmfrl\/ xdkpOftcg **Fgjrpfonf
(urf;rSmem;) usD; aomufEdkif avmufatmif urf;ESifhtnD a&jynfhvsuf &Sd\/ urf;wpfzufrS
urf;wpfzufodkY ul;a&mufvdkaom tcsKdUolwdkYonf avSudk &Smukef\/ tcsKdUolwdkYonf
opfazmifudk &Smukef\/ tcsKdUolwdkYonf 0g;azmifudk zGJUukef\/ xdktcg tm;&Sdaom
a,mufsm;onf auG;aom vufarmif;udk qefYwef;ouJhodkY qefYwef;aom vufarmif;udk
auG;ouJhodkY twlyif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf **Fgjrpf\ rSmbufurf;rS uG,fcJh xdkrSm
bufurf; &[ef;oHCmESifhtwl xif&Sm;jzpfawmf rl\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf urf;wpfzufrS urf;wpfzufodkY ul;vdkukefonf jzpf tcsKdUu avSudk

&Smvsuf tcsKdUu azmifudk &Smvsuf tcsKdUu 0g;azmifudk zGJUvsuf aeukefaom xdkolwdkYudk
jrifawmfrl\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]eufus,fvSpGmaom wPSmjrpfudk ul;aom t&d,myk*dKvfwdkYonf (t&d,r*f) wHwm;udk
aqmufvkyf udavom Gefaysmif;wdkYudk y,fpGefYvsuf ul;oGm;ukef\/ vltaygif;onfum;
jrpfudk ul;&ef azmifudk zGJUaeMu\/ (wPSmjrpfudk) ul;ajrmufNyD;aom ynm&Sd t&d,myk*dKvf
wdkYonfum; azmifudk rzGJUMu&awmhonf omwnf;}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
q|okwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
7 - 'Gd"myxokwf
77/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
toQifem*ormvudk aemufvdkuf &[ef;jyK aumovwdkif; c&D;&Snf<uawmfrl\/
toQifem*ormvonf c&D;tMum; vrf;cGJudk jrif ]]bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;
onfum; vrf;aumif;ygwnf;/ vrf;jzifh oGm;ygukeftHh}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmuf\/
odkY avQmufaomf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]em*ormv onfum; vrf;aumif; wnf;/
vrf;jzifh oGm;ukeftHh}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/
ESpfBudrfajrmufvnf;/y/ oHk;Budrfajrmufvnf; toQifem*ormvonf ]]bkef;awmfBuD;aom
jrwfpGmbk&m; onfum; vrf;aumif;ygwnf;/ vrf;jzifh oGm;MuukeftHh}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;
tm; avQmuf\/ oHk;Budrfajrmuf vnf; ]]em*ormv onfum; vrf;aumif;wnf;/
vrf;jzifh oGm;ukeftHh}} [k rdefYawmfrl\/
xdkYaemuf toQifem*ormvonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ oydwfouFef;udk xdkt&yfajrBuD;
ay:om csxm;cJh ]]toQifbk&m; onfum; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ oydwf ouFef;ygwnf;}} [k
qdkumzJoGm;\/ xdkYaemuf xdkvrf;c&D;jzifh oGm;aom toQifem*ormvtm; c&D;vrf;tMum;
cdk;olwdkYonf xGuf vufwdkYjzifhvnf; kdufESufukef\/ ajcwdkYjzifhvnf; uefausmufukef\/
oydwfudkvnf; cGJukef\/ ouFef;udkvnf; qkwfNzJukef\/ xdkYaemuf toQif em*ormvonf
uGJaom oydwf pkwfNyJaom ouFef;&Sdonf jzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfNyD;vQif jrwfpGm
bk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf ]]toQifbk&m; xdkc&D;vrf;jzifh oGm;aom
wynfhawmftm; c&D;vrf; tMum; cdk;olwdkYonf xGuf vufwdkYjzifhvnf; kdufESufygukef\/
ajcwdkYjzifhvnf; uefausmufyg ukef\/ oydwfudkvnf; cGJygukef\/ ouFef;udkvnf; qkwfNzJ
ygukef\}} [k avQmuf\/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]a&a&maom EdkY&nfudk aomufaom BudK;Mumonf a&udk pGefYouJhodkY (opmw&m;udk) odjcif;odkY
a&mufaom ynm&Sdonf tusKd;&Sdonf r&Sdonfudk rodolESifhtwlwuG oGm;aomf vnf;aumif;?
twlwuG aeaomf vnf;aumif;? a&maESmaomf vnf;aumif; raumif;rIudk pGefY\}} [k
owrokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
8 - 0domcgokwf
ykAmHkausmif; rd*g&rmwm0domcg\ jymom'f oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcg rd*g&rmwm
0domcg cspfESpfouftyfaom ajr;ronf uG,fvGefav\/ xdkYaemuf rd*g&rmwm 0domcgonf
pdkpGwfaom t0wfpdkpGwfaom qHyif &Sdonfjzpf aeYcif;csnf; tcsdef jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY
csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yf xdkifae\/ wpfckaomt&yf
xdkifaeaom rd*g&rmwm0domcgudk 0domcg pdkpGwfaom t0wf pdkpGwfaom qHyif&Sdvsuf aeYcif;csnf; tcsdef0,f tb,ft&yfrS
vm igbk&m; xHodkY csOf;uyfoenf;[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; wynfhawmfr cspfESpfouf
tyfaom ajr;ronf uG,fvGef cJhyg\/ xdakY Mumifh wynfhawmfronf pdkpGwfaom t0wf
pdkpGwfaom qHyif&Sdvsuf aeYcif;csnf; tcsdef0,f toQif bk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyfyg\[k
(avQmuf\)/ 0domcgoifonf om0wdjynf &SdMuonfh vlwdkYavmufaom om;wdkYudk
vnf;aumif;? ajr;wdkYudk vnf;aumif; tvdk&Sdoavm[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ jrwfpGmbk&m;
wynfhawmfonf om0wdjynf &SdMuonfh vlwdkYavmufaom om;wdkYudk vnf;aumif;? ajr;wdkYudk
vnf;aumif; tvdk&Sdygonf[k avQmuf\/
0domcg om0wdjynf oljynf om;wdkYonf aeYwdkif; tb,frQavmuf rsm;jym;pGm
uG,fvGefukef oenf; [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; aeYwdkif; om0wdjynf om;wdkYonf
q,fa,mufwdkYvnf; uG,fvGefygukef\/ toQif bk&m; om0wdjynfom;wdkYonf udk;a,muf
&Spfa,muf ckepfa,muf ajcmufa,muf ig;a,muf av;a,muf oHk;a,muf ESpfa,mufwdkYvnf;
uG,fvGefygukef\/ toQifbk&m; aeYwdkif; om0wdjynfom; wpfa,mufaomfvnf; uG,fvGefyg\/
toQifbk&m;om0wd jynfonf aoaom vlwdkYjzifh rqdwfyg[k (avQmuf\)/
0domcg xdkt&mudk tb,fodkY rSwfxifoenf;/ oifonf wpfcgwpf&HrQ rpdkaom t0wf
rpdkaom qHyif &Sdonf jzpfEdkifygawmh rnfavm[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/ toQifbk&m; odkY rjzpfEdkifyg?
toQifbk&m; xdkrQavmuf rsm;jym;aom om;wdkYjzifh vnf;aumif; ajr;wdkYjzifh vnf;aumif;
wynfhawmfrtm; tusKd; r&Sdawmhyg[k (avQmuf \)/
0domcg wpf&mrQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK&SdMuolwdkYtm; wpf&mrQavmufaom

qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef \/ udk;q,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm; udk;q,frQ
avmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ &Spfq,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm;
&Spfq,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ ckepfq,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK
&SdMuolwdkYtm; ckepfq,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ ajcmufq,frQavmuf
cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm; ajcmufq,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef \/
ig;q,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm; ig;q,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf
jzpfukef\/ av;q,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm; av;q,frQavmufaom
qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ oHk;q,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm; oHk;q,frQ
avmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ ESpfq,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK &SdMuolwdkYtm;
ESpfq,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ wpfq,frQavmuf cspftyfaom t&m0wK
&SdMuolwdkYtm; wpfq,frQavmufaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
udk;ckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; udk;ckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
&Spfckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; &Spfckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
ckepfckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; ckepfckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
ajcmufckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; ajcmufckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
ig;ckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; ig;ckaom qif;&JwdkY onf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
av;ckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; av;ckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
oHk;ckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; oHk;ckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
ESpfckavmuf &SdMuolwdkYtm; ESpfckaom qif;&JwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK
wpfck&Sdoltm; wpfck aom qif;&Jonf jzpf\/ cspftyfaom t&m0wK r&SdMuolwdkYtm;
qif;&Jr&Sd? ]]xdkolwdkYonf pdk;&drfjcif; r&Sdukef/ udavomjrL r&Sdukef/ yifyef;rI r&Sdukef}} [k ig
a[mqdk\[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaomtcsdef]]avmu rsm;aom oabm&Sdukefaom tvHk;pHkaom pdk;&drfjcif;wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? idka<u;jcif;
wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? qif;&Jjcif; wdkYonf vnf;aumif; xifukef\/ xdktvHk;pHkwdkYonf
cspftyfaom t&m0wKudk pGJ jzpfay:ukef\/ cspftyfaom t&m0xK r&Sdrl xdktvHk;pHkwdkYonf
rjzpfEdkifukef/
xdkYaMumifh avmu tMuifolwdkYtm; cspftyfaom t&m0wKonf wpfpHk wpfckrQ r&Sd?
xdkolwdkYonf csrf;om ukef\/ pdk;&drfrI uif;ukef\/ xdkYaMumifh pdk;&drfuif;rI udavomjrL uif;rIudk
awmifhwolwdkYonf avmu wpfpHkwpfckaom cspfcifrIudkrQ rjyKMuukef&m}} [k O'gef;udk
usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
t|rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
9 - yXr'Aokwf
79/ tuREkfyfonf odkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*dK[fjynf
rvrif;\om; toQif'Aonf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf;uyf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;vsuf
wpfckaom t&yf xdkifaeNyD;aomf ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; ,cktcg wynfhawmf\ y&dedAmefjyK&ef
tcgygwnf;}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; (avQmuf\)/ 'A ,cktcg oifonf yif y&dedAmefjyK&ef
tcgudk od\ [k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdkYaemuf rvrif;\om; toQif'Aonf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk; tdktaojyKNyD;vQif
aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf a&;jcpfrxif aumif;uif xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;vQif
awaZm"mwfudk 0ifpm; xdkormywfrS xum y&dedAmefjyK\/
xdkYaemuf aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf a&;jcpfrxif aumif;uif xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;vQif
awaZm"mwfudk 0ifpm; xdkormywfrS xNyD;vQif y&dedAmefjyKaom rvrif;\om; toQif'A\
rD;NrdKufavmifuRrf;NyD;aom cEmudk,frS jymonf vnf;aumif;? rD;aoG;onf vnf;aumif;
rxifacs? Oyrmaomfum; rD;NrdKuf avmifuRrf;NyD; aom axmywfrSjzpfap? qDrSjzpfap
jymrD;aoG;onf rxifouJhodkY twl aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf a&;jcpfrxif aumif;uif
xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;vQif awaZm"mwfudk 0ifpm; xdkormywfrS xNyD;vQif y&dedAmefjyKaom
rvrif;\om; toQif'A\ rD;NrdKufavmifuRrf;NyD; rD;avmifaom cEmudk,frS jymonf
vnf;aumif;? rD;aoG;onf vnf;aumif; rxifacs/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef]]rvrif;\om; 'A\ udk,fonf t<uif;r&Sd uG,faysmufNyD/ lyonmpaom onm
tm;vHk;wdkYonf csKyfukefNyD/ a0'em tm;vHk;wdkY onf Nidrf;at;ukefNyD/ ocFg&tm;vHk;wdkYonf
csKyfNidrf;ukefNyD/ 0dnmPfonf jywfpJjcif;odkY a&mufavNyD}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
e0rokwf/
------
O'gef;ygVdawmf
====== 88 -- yygg##v
vd*d*ggrrd,
d,00**f f ======
10 - 'kwd,'Aokwf
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYudk ]]&[ef;wdkY}} [k ac:awmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;wdkYonf ]]toQifbk&m;}} [k
jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyefMum; avQmufxm;Mu ukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkY aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf a&;jcpfrxif aumif;uif xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;vQif
awaZm"mwfudk 0ifpm; xdkormywfrS xNyD;vQif y&dedAmefjyKaom rvrif;\om; 'A\
rD;NrdKufavmif uRrf;NyD;aom cEmudk,frS jymonf vnf;aumif;? rD;aoG;onf vnf;aumif; rxif?
Oyrmaomfum; rD;NrdKuf avmifuRrf;NyD;aom axmywfrS jzpfap? qDrSjzpfap? jymonf
vnf;aumif;? rD;aoG;onf vnf;aumif; rxifouJhodkY twl aumif;uifodkY ysHwuf
a&;jcpfrxif aumif;uif xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;vQif awaZm"mwfudk 0ifpm; xdkormywfrS
xum y&dedAmefjyKaom rvrif;\om; 'A\ rD;NrdKufavmifuRrf;NyD;aom cEmudk,frS jymonf
vnf;aumif;? rD;aoG;onf vnf;aumif; rxif[k (rdefYawmfrl\)/
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf taMumif;t&mudk odawmfrl xdkodaom tcsdef -]]oHwljzifh
xkcyftyfaom awmufavmifaeaom tpOftwdkif; Nidrf;aeaom rD;\ oGm;&mudk rodEdkif
ouJhodkY twl aumif;pGm vGefajrmufNyD; umr taESmiftzGJUESifh MoCav;yg;rS vGef
wnfukefaom wkefvIyfrI r&Sdonfh edAmefcsrf;omudk &Muaom &[Emyk*dKvfwdkY\ vm;&m ]*wd}
udk ynwf&ef r&Edkifawmhacs}} [k O'gef;udk usL;&ifhawmfrl\/
'orokwf/
&Spfckajrmuf yg#vd*grd,0*f NyD;\/
O'gef;ygVdawmf jrefrmjyef NyD;NyD/

------

ပိဋကတ္သံုးပံုျမန္မာျပန္- ခုဒၵကနိကာယ္ ပါဠိေတာ္ျမန္မာျပန္

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ပိဋကတ္သံုးပံုျမန္မာျပန္- ခုဒၵကနိကာယ္ ပါဠိေတာ္ျမန္မာျပန္

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ck'uedum,f

====== 11 -- aaAAmm""d0d0**f f ======

trdkufwkdufudk zsufqD;vsuf wnfae ouJhodkY xkd&[Emonf rm&fppfonfudk zsufqD;vsuf

jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfwdkYudk OD;jzifhwkduf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m; tMuif

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