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12-4

12.3 This problem asks us to show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of 6 is 0.414 (using the rock salt crystal structure). Below is shown one of the faces of the rock salt crystal structure in which anions and cations just touch along the edges, and also the face diagonals.

From triangle FGH,

GF = 2rA and FH = GH = rA + rC Since FGH is a right triangle


(GH )2 + (FH )2 = (FG)2

or

(rA + rC )2 + (rA + rC )2 = (2rA )2


which leads to
2 rA 2

rA + rC =

Or, solving for rC/rA


2 = 1 = 0.414 2 rA
rC
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