/

: 8//.115301/26-08-2009

8//. 2230/14-05-2001 ,
() 737-1,2,3 .
2007 ISO 7396-1,2
.
.
, ,
33 95/2000 ( 76/10-03-2000 ) Y

..... ... , ... ..
G.SAMARAS S.A, AIR LIQUIDE
HELLAS S.A.G.I. . & . & ..
, ,
.
, , .

1 -

4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

12
12
12
13
14

5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4

5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10

14
14
15
17
17

6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6

24
24
24
25
26
27
27

7
7.1
7.2
7.3

7.4

27
27
27
29

8
8.1
8.2
8.3

29
29
30
31

9 , , ,

32

10
10.1
10.2

32
32
32

18
22
22
23
24
24

29

11
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4

32
32
33
34
34

12 , ,
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4 ,

12.5
12.6 ,

12.7

35
35
35
35
35
36
37
42

13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5

42
42
43
43
43
44

45

63

67

68

80

110

111

120

2 - ()

122

122

123

123

5
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

127
127
127
127
128

128

130

7 ,

130

8 ,
8.1
8.2
8.3

130
130
130
133

133

10
10.1
10.2

133
133
133

11

133

12 , ,
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4 12.3
12.5
12.6

135
135
135
135
135
137
137

13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5

137
137
137
138
138
138

139

140

143

156

163

3 -

164

1 ,

164

2
2.1

2.2
,

166
166
167

1 -
1
:
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
:
:
,
,
,
,
,
- ,
,
,
.
:
,
.
1: ,
, -

8
( )
.
(23)

2: 14931

.
3: ,
, .
, .
,
.

.

.

. ,
ISO 10083.

2
.
.
.

ISO 3746, - -

IS 5359,
IS 8573-1:2001, - 1:
ISO 9170-1, - 1:

ISO 10083,

ISO 10524-2, - 2:

ISO 11197,
ISO 14971, -
ISO 15001:2003, -
ISO 21969, ,

IEC 60601-1-8, - 1-8: -

: ,

286-1, - 1:

673/2 14165/17.4/373,

1041,
13348, -

3
(air for driving surgical tools)
,

(oxygen enriched air)

(high dependency patient)


(pressure relief valve)

(cylinder bundle)

(secondary source of supply)


(gas-specific)

(gas-specific connector)

: , NIST (non-interchangeable screw
threaded) DISS (diameter-indexed safety system).

(minimum distribution pressure)

(reserve source of supply)


(medical gas)
, ,

10
(medical air)

1: .
2: 2005 :

(single fault condition)

: .

(branch)

(main line)
/

(commissioning)


(terminal unit)
, , ,
(maximum distribution pressure)

(pressure regulator)


(line pressure regulator)

(supply pressure regulator)
,
,
:

(manifold pressure regulator)

,

(proportioning unit)

(nominal distribution pressure)

(nominal supply system pressure)

11

(emergency supply)

(maintenance supply)

(system design flow)


(primary source of supply)
,

(silencing)

: .

(riser)


(oxygen concentrator)

(emergency inlet point)

(low-pressure hose assembly)
1400 kPa
(maintenance supply assembly)

(manifold)

(control equipment)

: , , , ,
, ( ) .

(pipeline distribution system)

( )
(double-stage pipeline distribution system)


( , )

12
(single-stage pipeline distribution system)
,
(
)
(area distribution system)
, , ( )
(cryogenic liquid system)
, , -150 0C.
(non-cryogenic liquid system)
, , -50 0C.
(supply system)
,

(medical gas pipeline system)
,




(quick connector)

4
4.1
, , , , , ISO 14971
.
1: . .
. ,
.
2:
.
, .
3: ( , / ,
, , , , ) .

4.2
, ,

, .

13

4.3
4.3.1 , ,
( , ).
: .

4.3.2 , ,

, , . , ,
.
.
1: ISO 15001.
2: .
.
. . , .

4.3.3 ( ) .
/ D.7 ISO 15001:2003.
: .

ISO 15001:2003 .
.
4.3.4
5 1,5 .
.
4.3.5
, , . ISO 10524-2
.
4.3.6
, . 108 mm
13348. > 108 mm

13348. ,
.

14
.
1: >108 mm 13348.
2: .

4.3.7

.
4.3.8 , ,
ISO 15001.
.
1: ISO 15001.

4.3.9
( )
.

4.4
4.4.1
, , , , 3.
1: , (25),(26)
(24)
(16)
(30)
02
, FDS 90-155 , S 2896-1998 SIS HB 370
2: FDS 90-155 SIS HB 370.

.
: FDS 90-155

(24)

SIS HB 370

(30)

4.4.2


. :

.

.
/
, 7.2.
.

5
5.1
5.1.1
:

15
,
,
,
,
,
,
( ISO 10083).
5.1.2
.
5.1.3 .
5.1.4 ( .1.1
.1.27).

5.2
5.2.1

. , , .
5.2.2
5.2.2.1 ,
, ,
7.2.
: .

:
,
,
.

( G, ISO
7396-1:2007).
5.2.2.2 .
5.2.3

.

16

5.2.4
.
5.2.5
.
, .
.
5.2.6
5.2.6.1 , . , ,
, , . .
5.2.6.2 .
5.2.6.3 ( )
, . ,
.
: ( ISO 4126-1

(1)

).

5.2.6.4 .
5.2.6.5
,
.
5.2.7
5.2.7.1 ,
.
5.2.7.2 ,
.
.
,
. .
5.2.8

2, 7.2.2 7.2.3.

17

5.3
5.3.1 :
,
,
, , .
,
,
.
5.3.2 . ,
, . . , .
5.3.3
, ,
.
5.3.4
100 m.
5.3.5
ISO 21969. ( ) .
: (
). .
.

5.3.6 (
) . .
5.3.7 5.2.2

5.4

5.4.1 ,
, :
,

,
.

18
( G ISO 7396-1:2007)

.
5.4.2
5.2.2.

5.5
5.5.1
5.5.1.1
:
5.3,
5.5.2,
5.5.3.
: .

5.5.1.2
, , , , , .
.
: 5.5.1.2
. .

5.5.1.3
, , , , , ,
,

.
5.5.1.4
, .
5.5.1.5 5.2.2.

.
5.5.2
5.5.2.1
:

20,4% 21,4%

0,1 mg/m3

5 ml/m3

500 ml/m3

67 ml/m3

19

1 ml/m3

+2

2 ml/m3

1: , .
2: 2005.

5.5.2.2

, 2, 2 ISO 8573-1:2001.
5.5.2.3 :

0,1 mg/m3

67 ml/m3

1: , .
2:
, ,
.
3:
5.5.2.1 5.5.2.3
. (27)
(EPC) .

5.5.2.4
, .
,
.
:
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,

(
), .
, ,
( ), -

20

.
.
1: :

, ,
,

, ,
,

, .

2: :

3: :

, ,

5.5.2.5
, , .
1: , ,
:

, ,
,

, .

2: :

3: :

5.5.2.6 :

21

286-1 673/2 14165/17.4/373,

, ,
.
5.5.2.7

, .
5.5.2.8 ,
.
5.5.2.9 .
5.5.2.10
. .
.
5.5.2.11 , , , , , , ,
, .
.
, , .
5.5.2.12


.
5.5.2.13 .
5.5.3
5.5.3.1
:

19,95% 23,63 ,
67 ml/m3

: 2005.

5.5.3.2 .
.
1: :

, ,

, .

22

2: :

, , ,

, ,
.

5.5.3.3 5.2 5.4

.
.
5.5.3.4 .
2 .
.

, .
.
, .
5.5.3.5

5.5.3.6
.
5.5.3.7
.

5.6
5.6.1 ISO 10083.
5.6.2 ISO 10083.

5.7
5.7.1 , , . .
5.7.2
.
5.7.3 ,
,
,
( ), .

23

5.7.4
.
.
.
5.7.5 5.2.2. .
5.7.6 :
,
, ,
.
5.7.7 .

,
5.7.8.
, , ,
, , ..
.
, .
5.7.9 .
5.7.10 .
5.7.11 .
5.7.12 .

5.8
,
, .
(
)
.
.
10 0C 40 0C.
:
- .
.

24

5.9
.

5.10
.

6
6.1
:
: , ,
:
,
:
,
: .

6.2
6.2.1
.
6.2.2
:

. 1,00 m 1,80 m.
6.4,
6.5,
,
( , ).
,
6.6, , ( , )
(
). ,
[ , , ,
( )
( )].
, .
.

25
6.6 , , .

.

( ).
, .
set point 4%
.
6.2.3 .
6.2.4 .

6.3
6.3.1
, 1.
6.3.2
6.3.2.1 , IEC 606011-8.
6.3.2.2 440 z
880 z 2 db 55 db ISO 3746.
6.3.2.3 ,
.
6.3.2.4
15 min.
: 15 min ,
.

6.3.2.5 ,
.
6.3.3
6.3.3.1
IEC 60601-1-8.
6.3.3.2 1.
6.3.3.3 ( EEC 60601-1-8):
1 ( ),

26
4 m
30 ,
100 lx 500 lx.
6.3.4

6.3.4.1 .
6.3.4.2 .
6.3.4.3 , .
6.3.4.4 .
1 -

()

()

()
IEC 60601-1-8
IEC 60601-1-8
IEC 60601-1-8

()
() 0,4 z 2,8 z 20% 60%.

6.3.5

. .

6.4
:
(
).

.
: ,
.

.
.

27

.
.
5.5.2.1 5.5.2.3.
.
.
.

6.5
:
, 20% .
,
20%
.
, , 44 kPa.
:
.

6.6
:

20% .

66 kPa.

7
7.1
, 20%
.

7.2
: (
0) .

7.2.1 2.

(
).

28
2 -

(kPa)
400-0 400+100
800-100 800+200
60

7.2.2 , , :
110% ,
90% 40 l/min .
: .

7.2.3 ,
:
115% ,
85% 350 l/min .
: .

7.2.4 , 60 kPa
40 l/min
.
7.2.5 , , 1000 kPa
. ( ).
5.2.6. .
.
(1)

1: ( ISO 4126-1 ).
2:
.

7.2.6 ,
2000 kPa . ( ).
5.2.6.
.
.
(1)

1: ( ISO 4126-1 ).
2:
.

29

7.3

7.3.1 ISO 5359.
: ( ) .
( ).

7.3.2
( ,
), .
7.3.3 12.
7.3.4 ,
.



.

7.4
7.4.1
( .29 .30).
.
.
.

.
7.4.2
.

8
8.1
8.1.1
, , .
:
,
,
,
,

30
,
,
,
.
: .

8.1.2 , ,
ISO 14971.

.
, ,
.
8.1.3 :

, .
, .
8.1.4
.
8.1.5 , ,
.
8.1.6
.
8.1.7 .

, .

8.2
8.2.1 :
,
,
,
.
8.2.2 .
8.2.3

31

8.2.4 .

8.3
8.3.1 , ,
( )
, , .
, , ( ).
8.3.2 .
8.3.3
.
.
8.3.4 .
:
-
8.3.5 :
.
, . .
: , .

8.3.6 .
.
8.3.7 1,0 m 1,80 m
.
.
8.3.8
, .
. .
8.3.9 :
( ),
,
,
,

(14)
( ISO 10524-4 ),

32
.

9 , , ,

9.1 ISO 9170-1.
( , ) 0,90 m 1,60 m
1,40 m.
, , : , , , , , .
: 3.

9.2 ISO 9170-1

ISO 5359.
9.3 ( , , )
ISO 11197.
9.4
ISO 1524-2.
9.5 ISO 10524-2.

10
10.1
10.1.1 10.1.2, , ,
, , , 10 m, .
10.1.2 ISO 5359
/ , 6 mm,
( ). .
1: , , .
2: 8.1.3.

10.2
ISO 5359.
: ISO 5359 .

11
11.1
11.1.1
. .
5.5.1.2
5.5.1.3.

33
11.1.2
50 mm.
11.1.3
.
11.1.4 , .
11.1.5 , ( ).
, .
11.1.6
. .
50 mm

ISO 14971.
( )
.
(
).
11.1.7 .
11.1.8 ,
( ).
11.1.9
(
).
11.1.10 .
11.1.11
( ) 5 0C.
.
11.1.12 .

11.2
11.2.1 /
. 3.
3 -

mm
-18
22 28
35 54
> 54

m
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0

m
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5

34

: .

11.2.2
.
11.2.3 .
.
11.2.4 ,
.
11.2.5 .

11.3
11.3.1 , .
600 0C. 0,025% .
: ( , ) ( , , , ).

11.3.2 .
(21)

: 13133 , ,
(22)
. 13134 ( , )
.

11.4
11.4.1
.
11.4.2 ,
.
.
11.4.3 , ,
, , .
11.4.4
12.6.10.
11.4.5 ,
.
11.4.6
12 11.4.3
.
11.4.7 , ,
, , .

35
11.4.8 12
11.4.5.
11.4.9 , , .
:
.

12 , ,
12.1

.
, ,
.

12.2
12.2.1 12.4 ,
. , - .
12.2.2 12.4, .
12.2.3 , .
12.2.4 .
12.2.5
12.3 12.4.
.
12.2.6 , o .

12.3
:
a) , ( 12.5.1),
b) ( 12.5.2).
:
( 12.6.1).

12.4 ,

, , ,
:

36

a) ( 12.6.1),
b) ( 12.6.2),
c) ( 12.6.3),
d) ( 12.6.4),
e) (NIST DISS)

( 12.6.5),
f) / (
12.6.6),
g) ( 12.6.7),
h) ( 12.6.8),
i) ( 12.6.9),
j) ( 12.6.10),
k) ( 12.6.11),
l) ( 12.6.12),
m) ( 12.6.13),
n) ( 12.6.14),
o) ( 12.6.15),
p) ( 12.6.16).

12.5
12.5.1 ,

10.1. 10.2.
11.2.
( ) , , ,
15 s , 15 s 15 s .
.
12.5.2
, , ,
.

37

12.6 ,

12.6.1
:

( 12.6.1.1) + ( 12.6.1.2) +
( ) (
12.6.1.6),

( 12.6.1.1) + ( 12.6.1.2) +
( 12.6.1.3) + ( 12.6.1.4),

( 12.6.1.1) + ( 12.6.1.2) +
( ) (
12.6.1.5) + ( 12.6.1.4).

: , ,
, .

12.6.1.1
.
,
.
5 min 500 kPa.
.
( ).
12.6.1.2
.
,
, 1 h,
20 kPa.
12.6.1.3
.
,
.
5 min 1,2
.
.

38
, ,
.
,
.
( ).
12.6.1.4
.
,
.
.
, ,
.
, ,
.
( 8.3.5)
.

2 h 24 h:
,
/h 0,025% .
,
2 h 24 h, , /h :
0,4% ,
,
0,6% ,
.
12.6.1.5
( )
.
,
.
5 min 1,2
.
.
( ).

39
, ,
.
,
, .
2 h 24 h,
, /h 0,025% .
12.6.1.6
( )
.
,
.
5 min 1,2
.
.
( ).
12.6.1.4.
12.6.2

12.6.2.1 ,
, , 100 kPa ,
15 min
5 kPa.
.
:
. .

12.6.2.2 .
12.6.3
.
12.6.4
4
(NIST DISS) 4.
.
4 -

-10%

40 l/min

-15%

350 l/min

+15 kPa

40 l/min

40

( ,
) .
12.6.5 (NIST DISS)


12.6.5.1

.

, . , .
(NIST DISS)
.
: 12.6.4, 12.6.5.2, 12.6.5.3, 12.6.16.

12.6.5.2
, .
(NIST DISS)
, .
: 12.6.4, 12.6.5.1, 12.6.5.3, 12.6.16.

12.6.5.3
.
: 12.6.4, 12.6.5.1, 12.6.5.2, 12.6.16.

12.6.6 /

,
.
, , ,
2, 7.2.2, 7.2.3 7.2.4.
12.6.7
7.2.5 7.2.6.

.
.

41
12.6.8


.
12.6.9


.
12.6.10
.
1 150 l/min 15 s.
, .

1
2
3
4

()
1000 kPa
505 mm 10m
(),
150 l/min

1 - ,
,

12.6.11


5.5.2.1 .

42
12.6.12


5.5.2.3 .
12.6.13

5.5.3.1 .
12.6.14

ISO 10083
.
12.6.15
. .
12.6.16
,
, .
.

12.7
12.7.1
12.3 12.4.
.

.
: :

1: 12.3 12.4 [ a) j)
12.5.1 12.6.10],

2: 12.4 [ k) p) 12.6.11
12.6.16], .

12.7.2 13
.
12.7.3 , .

13
13.1
1041.

43

13.2
13.2.1
.
13.2.2 :
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
,

,
,
, ( ),
,

,
( , , , ),
,
13.2.3 13.2.2 , .

13.3
13.3.1

.
13.3.2 , .
13.3.3
,
.

13.4
[ -

44
, , ( ) ]. .

13.5
..

45

.1
.
.
( ).
. .

46

.1 .1.1 .1.30

.1.1
.1.2
.1.3
.1.4
.1.5
.1.6
.1.7
.1.8
.1.9
.1.10
.1.11
.1.12
.1.13
.1.14
.1.15
.1.16
.1.17
.1.18
.1.19
.1.20
.1.21
.1.22
.1.23
.1.24
.1.25
.1.26
.1.27

( )

( )


( )

( )


( - )

( - )

( - )


( - )

( - )


( - )

( - )


( )

( )


( )

( )


( - )

( - )

( - )


( - )

( - )


( - )

( - )

,

( - )
,

( )
,

( - )
,

( )

( )

47

.1.28
.1.29
.1.30

,
,
,
( )

.2 -
.1.1 .1.30

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

( )

.3 -
.1.1 .1.30

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W

,

,

,

,

48

.1.1 -
( )

.1.2 -
( )

.1.3 -
( )

49

.1.4 -
( )

.1.5 -
( - )

.1.6 -
( - )

50

.1.7 -
( - )

.1.8 -
( - )

.1.9 -
( - )

51

.1.10 -
( - )

.1.11 -
( - )

.1.12 -
( )

52

.1.13 -
( )

.1.14 -
( )

.1.15 -
( )

53

.1.16 -
( - )

.1.17 -
( - )

.1.18 -
( - )

54

.1.19 -
( - )

.1.20 -
( - )

.1.21 -
( - )

55

.1.22 -
( - )

.1.23 - ,

( - )

.1.24 - ,

( )

56

.1.25 - ,

( - )

.1.26 - ,

( )

.1.27 -
( )

57

.1.28 - ,

.1.29 - ,

.1.30 - ,
( )

58

.2

.4 .4.1 .4.12

.4.1
.4.2
.4.3
.4.4
.4.5
.4.6
.4.7
.4.8
.4.9
.4.10
.4.11
.4.12

.5 -
.4.1 .4.12

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

28, 29 30

59

.4.1 -

.4.2 -

.4.3 -

60

.4.4

.4.5 -

.4.6

61

.4.7 -

.4.8 -

.4.9 -

62

.4.10

.4.11

.4.12 -

63

,

.1 , , .
.2 (
), ,
( ) , ,
.
.3 :
.3.1 :
.3.1.1 :

, ,
, , ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 1)
,
( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.3.1.2 :

, ,
, (
.1.4, .1.5, .1.6).

, , ,
, ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 1).
,
( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.3.1.3 :
,
( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 1).
( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.3.1.4 :
,
, ( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.3.2 :

64

.
.3.3 ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 2).
.3.4 ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 2).
.3.5 ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 2).
.3.6 ( .1.1, .1.2, .1.3 2).
.3.7 .
.
.3.8 ( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.3.9 ( .1.4, .1.5, .1.6).
.1

.1.1
.1.2
.1.3
.1.4
.1.5
.1.6

, ,

, ,

, ,

, ,

, ,

, ,

.2 -
.1.1 .1.6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

65

.1.1 - , ,

.1.2 - , ,

.1.3 - , ,

66

.1.4 - , ,

.1.5 - , ,

.1.6 - , ,

1:

.
2:
50% 50% .
, ,
.
3: ,
.
4: ( ) , , , , ( ) .

67

,


.1
, ,
.
,
.

.2
.2.1 , .
,
.
.2.2
.

.3

.3.1 ( )
5 m , , , , .
.3.2
.
.
.3.3 .
,
( ).
.3.4
5 m .

68

,
.1

, 12, . .
12.1, 12.2, 12.3 12.4.
, .

.
, ,
, .
. .1.1 .1.2
, .

.2 ( 12.3 12.5)
.2.1 ,
( 12.5.1)
.2.1.2
, .
10.1. . 10.2. . 11.2.
.
.2.1.3
.2
.2.2 ( 12.5.2)
.2.2.1
.
.2.2.2

, , ,
.
.2.2.3
.3

69

.3

,
( 12.4 12.6)

.3.1
.3.1.1
( 12.6.1.1)
- .
.3.1.1.1
. , .
.
.
, , , . , .
.3.1.1.2
. ,
500 kPa. . 5 min
.
.3.1.1.3
.4.1
.3.1.2 ( 12.6.1.2)
.3.1.2.1
. , , ,
, .
.
.3.1.2.2
.
. . , , 20 kPa.
.3.1.2.3
.4.2.
.3.1.3
( 12.6.1.3)
- .
.3.1.3.1
. , .
.

70
.
, , . , .
.3.1.3.2
. ,
1,2 12.6.1.3. 5 min
.
.3.1.3.3
.5.1.
.3.1.4

( 12.6.1.4)

.3.1.4.1
. , . ,
, , ,
.
.3.1.4.2
.
,
,
. .
,
. .
: (
7.4.2) , .

.
2 h 24 h:
,
, /h 0,025% .
,
, /h 0,4% 0,6%
.
.3.1.4.3
.5.2 .5.3.

71
.3.1.5
( ) ( 12.6.1.5)
- .
.3.1.5.1
. , .
.
.
, , , . , .
.3.1.5.2
.3.1.5.2.1 .
, 1,2 12.6.1.5. . 5 min .
.3.1.5.2.2 2 h 24 h, ,
, , /h 0,025% .
.3.1.5.3
.6.1.
.3.1.6

( ) ( 12.6.1.6)

- .
.3.1.6.1
. , . ,
, , , .
.
.3.1.6.2
.3.1.6.2.1 .
, 1,2 12.6.1.6. . 5 min .
.3.1.6.2.2 .3.1.4 ( 12.6.1.4).
.3.1.6.3
.6.2 .5.2 / .5.3.

72
.3.2

( 12.6.2)

.3.2.1
.3.1 .

.
.3.2.2
.3.2.2.1
.
. .
.3.2.2.2
100 kPa . .
.3.2.2.3 , 15 min, 5 kPa.
.3.2.2.4
.
.3.2.3
.7.
.3.3 ( 12.6.3)
.3.3.1

.
. .
.
. .
.3.3.2
.3.3.2.1 , ,
.
.3.3.2.2 .
.3.3.2.3
.
.3.3.2.4
, .3.3.2.1, .3.3.2.2 .3.3.2.3 , , .
.3.3.2.5 .

73
.3.3.3
.8.
.3.4 ( 12.6.4)
.3.4.1
.3.3.
. .3.3,
.3.4 .3.5.
.3.4.2
.3.4.2.1
.
4.
.3.4.2.2 , , (NIST DISS)
.
4.
.3.4.3
.9 .10.
.3.5 (NIST DISS)

( 12.6.5)
.3.5.1

.
.3.3.
. .3.3,
.3.4 .3.5.
.3.5.2
.3.5.2.1 ,
.
, .
.3.5.2.2
.
.3.5.2.3 (NIST DISS)
. ,
.
.3.5.2.4 .

74

.3.5.3
.9 .10.
.3.6
( 12.6.6)
.3.6.1
.
. , min .
.
.3.6.2
.3.6.2.1 , ,
, . .
.3.6.2.2
.
.
.3.6.2.3 . ( ).
.3.6.2.4 2,
7.2.2, 7.2.3 7.2.4
.3.6.2.5
.3.6.3
.11.
.3.7
( 12.6.6)
.3.7.1
, 2, 7.2.2, 7.2.3 7.2.4
.3.7.3
.11.
.3.8 ( 12.6.7)
.3.8.1

7.2.5 7.2.6 .
, .3.8.2.

75
.3.8.2
.3.8.2.1 .
.3.8.2.2 .
.3.8.2.3 .
.3.8.2.4 .
.3.8.2.5
.
.3.8.2.6 .
.3.8.2.7
7.2.5 7.2.6.
.3.8.3
.12.
.3.9 ( 12.6.8)
.3.9.1
.
5 .
.3.9.2
. . .
.
. 5. .
.3.9.3
.13.
.3.10 ( 12.6.9)
.3.10.1
, . .
.3.10.2
.3.10.2.1 ( , , , ). .

76
.3.10.2.2 ,
, .
6.
.3.10.2.3
.
.3.10.2.4 6.
.3.10.3
.14.1 .14.2.
.3.11 ( 12.6.10)
.3.11.1
, .
.3.11.2
( ) , 1 150 l/min 15 s.
, .
.3.11.3
.15.
.3.12

( 12.6.11 12.6.12)
.3.12.1
, . , .
(8)

(9)

: ISO 8573-3 , ISO 8573-4 , ISO 8573-6

(12)
8573-8 .

(11)

ISO

.3.12.2
.3.12.2.1
,
5.5.2.1.
.3.12.2.2
,
, 5.5.2.1 5.5.2.3.
: ISO 8573-2

(7)

ISO 8573-5

(10)

77
.3.12.2.3
,
5.5.2.1 5.5.2.3.
, 5% ( .3.15.2.5).
.3.12.2.4
,
5.5.2.1.
: ISO 8573-6

(11)

.3.12.2.5 ,

,
,
5.5.2.1.
.3.12.2.6
.
.3.12.3
.16. , 17.
.3.13
( 12.6.13)
.3.13.1
,

. , .
.3.13.2
.3.13.2.1
5.5.3.1.
.3.13.2.2
,
5.5.3.1.
.3.13.3
.18.

78
.3.14
( 12.6.14)
.3.14.1
,
. , .
.3.14.2
.3.14.2.1
ISO 10083.
.3.14.2.2
,
ISO 10083.
.3.14.2.3
,
ISO 10083.
.3.14.2.4
, ISO 10083.
.3.14.2.5
,
ISO 10083.
.3.14.3
.19.
.3.15 ( 12.6.15)
.3.15.1
.
(
.3.16). .
. . , , .
.
.3.15.2
.3.15.2.1
.
.3.15.2.2 .
. .

79

.3.15.2.3 . .3.15.2.1 .3.15.2.2

.
.3.15.2.4 .
.3.15.2.5
, ,
, .
.3.15.3
.20 .
.3.16 ( 12.6.16)
.3.16.1

. . .
.3.16.2
:
,
(100% ), ( ), -
( ), (21%
), (21%
), . ( 400 kPa
800 kPa), .
( )

. .

.3.16.3
.21.1 / .21.2 / .21.3.

80

81
.1.1 - 12.3 12.4
[ a) j) 12.5.1 12.6.10] ( 12.7.1)
:

:
___ ___

, .

.2
.3
.4.1
.4.2
.5.1
.5.2

.5.3

.6.1
.6.2
.7
.8
.9
.10

.11
.12
.13
.14.1
.14.2
.15

( )


( )





, ,



(NIST DISS) , ,

/

/
.2.1
12.5.1
.2.2
.3.1.1

12.5.2
12.6.1.1

.3.1.2

12.6.1.2

.3.1.3

12.6.1.3

.3.1.4
.3.1.6

12.6.1.4
12.6.1.6

.3.1.4
.3.1.6

12.6.1.4
12.6.1.6

.3.1.5

12.6.1.5

.3.1.6

12.6.1.6

.3.2

12.6.2

.3.3

12.6.3

.3.4
.3.5

12.6.4
12.6.5

.3.4
.3.5

12.6.4
12.6.5

.3.6
.3.7
.3.8
.3.9
.3.10

12.6.6

.3.10
.3.11

12.6.9
12.6.10

12.6.7
12.6.8
12.6.9

82
.1.2 - 12.4 [ k) p)
12.6.11 12.6.16] ( 12.7.1)
:

:
___ ___

, .

.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
.21.1
.21.2
.21.3

/

.3.12
12.6.11


.3.12
12.6.12

.3.13
12.6.13

.3.14
12.6.14




.3.15
12.6.15
.3.16
12.6.16

.3.16
12.6.16


.3.16
12.6.16

83
.2 - ,

:

:
___ ___

, ,

.

84
.3 -
:

:
___ ___

, .

85
.4.1 -
:

:
___ ___

,
.

kPa

min

86
.4.2 -
:

___ ___

p
kPa

p 20 kPa/h

kPa

87
.5.1 -
:

:
___ ___

, .

kPa

min

88
.5.2 -


:

___ ___

kPa

p
kPa

kPa

p 0,025%/h

89

.5.3 -


:

___ ___

()

p
kPa

kPa

p 0,4%/h
()
p 0,6%/h
kPa

()
()

90
.6.1 -
( )
:

:
___ ___

, .

kPa

min

,
.

kPa

p
kPa

kPa

p 0,025%/h

91
.6.2 -
( )
:

___ ___

, .

kPa

min

, .5.2 .5.3
:

92
.7 -

:

___ ___

kPa

15 min

/
kPa

93
.8 -
:

___ ___

94
.9 - , ,

:

___ ___

____________
_____________ l/min. ___________ kPa.

95
.10 - (NIST DISS)
, ,

:

___ ___

___________ (NIST DISS).
_____________ l/min. ___________ kPa.

96
.11 - /

:

___ ___

/ _______________ .
_____ l/min
_____ l/min
_____ kPa
_____ kPa
_____ kPa

97
.12 -
:

___ ___

l/min

kPa

/
kPa

98
.13
:

___ ___

99
.14.1 -

___ ___

- -

100
.14.2 -
:

___ ___

-
- -

5.5.2.1 5.5.2.3

101
.15 -
:

___ ___

102
.16 -

:

___ ___

.
-

20,4%
21,4%

0,1 mg/m

5 ml/m

500 ml/m

67 ml/m

1 ml/m3

+2

2 ml/m

103
.17 -

:

___ ___

0,1 mg/m

67 ml/m

104
.18 -

:

___ ___

.
19,95%
23,63%

67 ml/m

105
.19 -

:

___ ___

: ISO 10083.

106
.20 -
:

___ ___

107
.21.1 -
:

___ ___

%
21

100

21

108
.21.2 -
:

___ ___

109
.21.3 -

:

___ ___

110

.1
,
,
, .

:
P1/T1 = P2/T2
P2 = P1(2/1)
:
P1
P2
1
2
0K = ( 273 0K)+( 0C)
= ( )+( = 1 bar)
:
P2 = P1+(P1x0,35%)x(2- 1)

.2
14 bar.
13 0C 17 0C.
P1 = 14+1 = 15 bar
1 = 273+13 = 286 0
2 = 273+17 = 290 0
P2 = 15x(290/286) = 15,21 bar (14,21 bar )

P2 = 15+(15x0,35%)x(290-286) = 15,21 bar (14,21 bar )

, ,
14,21 bar 14 bar.

111

.1
ISO 14971.

,
, ,
, .

:
, ,
,
.

.2
,
.

:
,
,
.

.3
.1 , , , .
: .1 :

112
.1 -

1.

a.

b.

c.

( )

113

d.



:
d1.

d2.

e.

f.

,
,

114

g.

h.

(UPS)

(UPS)

J.

,

.

115

k.

2.

a.

12

b.

c.

116

d.

e.

12

f.

/
3.

a.

( )

117

b.


:
b1.



b2.

b3.





b4. ,

118

c.

(
)

ISO 15001

e.

f.

g.

(
)

d.

ISO 15001

119

4.

a.

b.

c.

(
)

120

(1)

ISO 4126-1, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure

Part 1: Safety valves

(2)

ISO 4135, Anesthetic and respiratory equipment Vocabulary

(3)

ISO 7183, Compressed air dryers Specifications and testing

(4)

ISO 7183-2, Compressed air dryers Part 2: Performance ratings

(5)

ISO 7396-2, Medical gas pipeline systems Part 2: Anesthetic gas scavenging
disposal systems

(6)

ISO /TR 7470, Valve outlets for gas cylinders List of provisions which are either
standardized or in use

(7)

ISO 8573-2, Compressed air Part 2: Test methods for oil aerosol content

(8)

ISO 8573-3, Compressed air Part 3: Test methods for measurements of humidity

(9)

ISO 8573-4, Compressed air Part 4: Test methods for solid particle content

(10)

ISO 8573-5, Compressed air Part 5: Test methods for oil vapor and organic
solvent content

(11)

ISO 8573-6, Compressed air Part 6: Test methods for gaseous contaminant
content

(12)

ISO 8573-8, Compressed air Part 8: Test methods for solid particle content by
mass concentration

(13)

ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems Requirements

(14)

ISO 10524-4, Pressure regulators for use with medical gases Part 4: Low
pressure regulators

(15)

ISO 13485:2003, Medical devices Quality management systems

Requirements for regulatory purposes

(16)

AS 2896-1998, Medical gas systems Installation and testing of nonflammable

medical gas pipeline systems

(17)

CAN/CSA-Z305.6-92, Medical oxygen concentrator central supply system: for use

with nonflammable medical gas pipeline systems

(18)

CGA E-10-2001, Maintenance of medical gas and vacuum systems in healthcare

facilities

(19)

EN 475, Medical devices Electrically-generated alarm signals

(20)

EN12021, Respiratory protective devices Compressed air for breathing apparatus

(21)

EN 13133, Brazing Brazer approval

(22)

EN 13134, Brazing Procedure approval

(23)

EN 14931, Pressure vessels for human occupancy (PVHO) Multi-place pressure

chamber systems for hyperbaric therapy Performance, safety requirements and
testing

(24)

FDS 90-155, Pipelines for compressed medical gases and vacuum Additional
elements for design and commissioning

(25)

HTM 02/01:2006, Health Technical Memorandum Medical gas pipeline systems,

Part A: Design, installation, validation and certification

121
(26)

HTM 02/01:2006, Health Technical Memorandum Medical gas pipeline systems,

Part B: Operational management

(27)

Monograph on Medical Air, European Pharmacopoeia Commission, 2005

(28)

Monograph on Synthetic Air, European Pharmacopoeia Commission, 2005

(29)

NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities

(30)

SIS HB 370, Sakerhetsnorm for medicinska gasanlaggningar

122

2 - ()
1
:
,
,
.
1.
ISO 8835-3.
ISO 9170-2. .
:
,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
:
, , , , ,
,
,
.
:
,
,
.
: ISO
9170-2 ISO 8835-3.

123

2
.
.
.

IS 5359
IS 8835-3 - 3:

ISO 9170-2 - 2:
ISO 14971 -
ISO 15001 -
1041
13348 -

3
(probe)

(AGSS type-specific)


(AGSS type-specific connection point)

(disposal hose)
/ ,
2
(receiving hose)
/ ,

(single fault condition)

: .

(commissioning)


(AGSS terminal unit)
,
1 (AGSS type 1 terminal unit)

( 1)

124
1H (AGSS type 1H terminal unit)
1
1L (AGSS type 1L terminal unit)
1
2 (AGSS type 2 terminal unit)
( 1)
(maximum test pressure)

(maximum operating pressure)

: 1 2

() [anesthetic gas scavenging system
(AGSS)]

/
: : ,
. .
( ,
),
.

(power device)

(disposal system)
/

:

(high-flow disposal system)

ISO 8835-3
(low-flow disposal system)

ISO 8835-3
(transfer system)
/ ,

(high-flow transfer and
receiving system)
ISO 8835-3, 1H
, ISO 9170-2

125
(low-flow transfer and receiving
system)
ISO 8835-3, 1L ISO 9170-2

(receiving system)

(AGSS terminal unit base block)

(quick connector)

(AGSS socket)

126

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

,

,
















( )
30 mm
1
2

1 -

127

4
4.1
, , , , ISO 14971
.
1: . .
. ,
.
2: ( , / )
.

4.2

, ,
,
.

.

4.3
4.3.1

.
: .

4.3.2 13348.
.
: 4.3.2 .

4.3.3
ISO 14971.
:
.

4.3.4 , ,
ISO 15001.
.
4.3.5 .
.

128
4.3.6 , , .

4.4
.
: .
.

, Venturi .


, .
.

5
5.1 .
5.2 :

Venturi 1,

8.1.1 8.1.2
( 2).

Venturi 2,


8.1.3 ( 2).
: Venturi .

( 2).
: .

.
1,
.
:
.

5.3
8.1.1 8.1.2, 1, ( 2).
: / .

129
5.4 .
.
5.5 ,
.
5.6 , ,
ISO 14971 , , .

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Venturi


1
2

130

6
.

7 ,
7.1

. ISO 5359.
7.2


,
. ISO 5359.
: ,
.

8 ,
8.1
8.1.1 1L
1L
( 1), 50 l/min

1 kPa 50 l/min, 25 l/min
2 kPa 25 l/min ( ISO
8835-3, 10.1).
8.1.2 1
1
( 1), 80 l/min

1 kPa 80 l/min, 50 l/min
2 kPa 50 l/min ( ISO
8835-3, 10.2).
8.1.3 2
50 l/min 2 , 7,5 kPa.

8.2
8.2.1
8.2.1.1
.
.
8.2.1.2 .

131
8.2.1.3 .
.
8.2.2 1L
8.2.2.1
ISO 8835-3,
1L
1 kPa 50 l/min ( 1/50) 2 kPa 25 l/min ( 2/25).
: 3

1
2
3
4

1


(
)

3 - 1,

8.2.2.2
8.2.2.2.1 .
8.2.2.2.2 1L
1L 1 kPa
50 l/min. .
8.2.2.2.3 1L
1L 2 kPa
25 l/min. .

132
8.2.2.2.4
1L 1 kPa 50 l/min.
.
8.2.2.2.5
1L 2 kPa 25 l/min.
.
8.2.2.2.6 8.2.2.2.2, 8.2.2.2.3, 8.2.2.2.4, 8.2.2.2.5 .
.7.1 ( ).
8.2.3 1
8.2.3.1
ISO 8835-3,
1
1 kPa 80 l/min ( 1/80) 2 kPa 50 l/min ( 2/50).
: 3

8.2.3.2
8.2.3.2.1 .
8.2.3.2.2 1
1 1 kPa
80 l/min. .
8.2.3.2.3 1
1 2 kPa
50 l/min. .
8.2.3.2.4
1 1 kPa 80 l/min.
.
8.2.3.2.5
1 2 kPa 50 l/min.
.
8.2.3.2.6 8.2.3.2.2, 8.2.3.2.3, 8.2.3.2.4, 8.2.3.2.5 .
.7.2 ( ).
8.2.4 2
8.2.4.1
2
50 l/min.
8.2.4.2
8.2.4.2.1 .

133

8.2.4.2.2
. 505 l/min.
.
8.2.4.2.3
,
. 505 l/min.
.
8.2.4.2.4 .7.3 ( ).

8.3
Venturi,
, .
: , .

9
ISO 9170-2

10
10.1
10.1.1 10.1.2, , ,
, , , 10 m, .
10.1.2 ,
6 mm 2,5 mm
, ( ).
.
1: , , .

10.2
.
: 3050-R40B SS 01 91 02.

11
11.1
50 mm..
11.2
.
11.3 , .
11.4 ( ).
, .

134

11.5 . .
50 mm

ISO 14971.
( )
.
(
).
11.6 .
11.7
(
).
11.8 .
11.9 .
11.10 /
. 1.
1 -

mm
-18
22 - 28
35 - 54
> 54

m
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0

m
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5

: .

11.11
.
. .
, .
.
11.12 , .
600 0C.
0,025% .
: ( ) ( , , , ).

11.13 , , ,

135

, , . .
, .

12 , ,
12.1
.
, ,
.

12.2
12.2.1 .
12.2.2 , 12.3, .
12.2.3 , .
12.2.4 .

12.3
:
a) ( 12.4.1),
b) , ( 12.4.2),
c) ( 12.4.3),
d)
( 12.4.4),
e) ( 12.4.5),
f) ( 12.4.6),
g) ( 12.4.7),
h) ( 12.4.8),
I) ( 12.4.9).

12.4 12.3
12.4.1
12.4.1.1
.

136

12.4.1.2 1
7010% kPa. 15 min 10 kPa.
12.4.2 ,

10.1. 10.2.
11.10 11.11.
( ) , , ,
15 s , 15 s 15 s .
.
12.4.3
,
. .
12.4.4



12.4.5
..
12.4.6
1L 8.1.1.
1H 8.1.2.
2 8.1.3.
12.4.7
6.
12.4.8
11.13.
12.4.9
.

12.5
12.5.1
12.3. .

.

137

12.5.2 13
.
12.5.3 , .

12.6
12.3.

13
13.1
1041.

13.2
13.2.1 .
13.2.2 :
,
, ,
,
,
,
.
,

,
,
( ),
,

,
( ),
.

138
13.2.3 13.2.2 , .

13.3
13.3.1

.
13.3.2 , .

13.4
[ , , ( ) ]. .

13.5
.

139

:
/ .

.
.
.
, .
.
, .
.
.
.

140

,
.1

, 12, . . 12.1, 12.2 12.3. , .

.
.
1
, .

.2 ( 12.4.1),
.2.1
.
.2.2
.2.2.1
.
1.
.
.2.2.2
. , 7010% kPa. 15 min 10 kPa.
: .

.2.2.3
.2.

.3 ,
( 12.4.2)
.3.1
, .
10.1. . 10.2. . 11.10 11.11.
.

141
.3.2
.3.

.4
( 12.4.3)
.4.1
.4.1.1
IS 9170-2. , .
.4.1.2 .
.4.2
.4.

.5

( 12.4.4)
.5.1

.
.5.2
.5.

.6 ( 12.4.5),
.6.1
.
.6.2
.6.

.7 ( 12.4.6)
.7.1
:
1L 8.2.2,
1 8.2.3,
2 8.2.4.
.7.2
.7.1, .7.2 .7.3 .

142

.8 ( 12.4.7)
.8.1
.
.8.2
.8.

.9 ( 12.4.8)
.9.1
:
,
, ,
,
.
.9.2
.9.

.10 ( 12.4.9)
.10.1
.
.10.2
.10.

143

144
.1 -
:

:
___ ___

, .

.2
.3

.4
.5
.6
.7

/
.2
12.4.1
.3
12.4.2
.4

12.4.3

.5

12.4.4

.6
.7

12.4.5
12.4.6

.7.1

1L

8.2.2

.7.2

8.2.3

.7.3
.8
.9
.10

8.2.4
.8
.9
.10

12.4.7
12.4.8
12.4.9

145
.2 -
:

:
___ ___

.
7010% kPa 15 s ___kPa (
10 kPa)
:

146
.3 - ,

:

:
___ ___

, , .

147
.4 -
:

:
___ ___

148
.5 -

:

:
___ ___

.
:

149
.6
:

:
___ ___

.
:

150
7.1 1L
:

:
___ ___

1L 8.2.2
1/50 ( 1 kPa, 50 l/min)
2/25 ( 2 kPa, 25 l/min).
()

___

2/25
1/50
2/25
1/50

()

151
7.2 1
:

:
___ ___

1 8.2.3
1/80, ( 1 kPa 80 l/min)
2/50, ( 2 kPa 50 l/min).
()

___

2/50
2/50
1/80
1/80

()

152
7.3 2
:

:
___ ___

2 8.2.4,
( 505 l/min, 7,5 kPa).

()

___

()

153
.8 -
:

:
___ ___

154
.9 -
:

:
___ ___

155
.10 -
:

:
___ ___

156

.1
ISO 14971.

,

.

:
, , ,
.

.2
,
.

:
,
,
.

.3
.1 , , , .
: .1 :

157
.1 -

1.

a.

b.

/

c.

d.

e.

(UPS)

(UPS)

f.

158

f.

(
)

2.

g.

a.

/
/

12

a.

/
/

b.

, ,

c.

1 2

159

d.

A
A

3.

a.

160
.2 - - Venturi,

1.

a.

b.

c.
/

d.

e.

f.

161

2.

g.

g.

h.

a.

/
/

12

a.

/
/

b.

, ,

c. -

162

1 2

d.

3.

A
A

e.

12

f.

a.

b.

163

(1)

ISO 4135, Anesthetic and respiratory equipment Vocabulary

(2)

EN 740, Anesthetic workstations and their modules Particular requirements

(3)

SS 01 91 02, Color Atlas

(4)

NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities, National Fire Protection Association,
Quincy, MA

164

3


1 ,
,
1.
1 -

(5)

(1) (5)

(2) (5)

1
1
1
1
2
1

(5)

(1) (5)

(8)

(5)

1
1
1
1
2
2
1

(6)

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1
1
2
1

1
1
1
1
2
1

1
1
1
1
2
2
1

1
1

1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
2

1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

(1) (5)

4
4
(3)

1
1





(1) (5)

(1) (5)

(7)

(7)
(Triage)
(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(5)

1
1
1
1
2
2
1

4
1

1
1

1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(7)

(7)

(7)

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
2

165

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

(7)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(5)

(7)

1
1

/
(4)

1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

:
(1) ( )
50% , ,
50% . , ,
. ,
, 50%
50% .
(2) .
(3) .
(4) .
(5) .
(6) .
(7) .
(8) .
:
:
2

166
.
.
, , .
,
.

venturi 1. ,
,
.

2
2.1

2.1.1
:

500 l/( ).

,
, 50 l, 200 bar , 1,013 bar 15 0C, 10 m3 .

1 l 0,842 m3 1,013 bar 15 0C.

,

7 4 .

() 15 1 .

2.1.2
:

1,8 m3/( ).
: , , .

, 50 l,
37,5 kg , 1,013 bar 15 0C, 20 m3 .

7 4 .

167
2.1.3
:

15 0C,
( ), 15% (
), 20 0C.

2000 l
, , .
,
.

, , l,
50% l/min,
20 0C.

2.1.4
:

15 0C, ( ) 20 0C.

2000 l.

, , l,
2,5 l/min, 20 0C.

2.1.5
.

2.2
,
2.2.1
100 m ,
1, 2, 3 4.
2.2.2 ,
, 100 m , () .
2.2.3 Venturi,
, , 22

28.
2.2.4 :

10 , , ,

168

12 ,

22 .

2.2.5 :

, 400 kPa,
, 20 kPa,

, 400 kPa,
, 20 kPa,

, 800 kPa,
, 35 kPa,

,
, ,
800 kPa,
, 35 kPa,

() 40 kPa ,
, 6,7 kPa,

,
, 1 kPa.

2.2.5 25%
.
2.2.6 , , 2 7.
2

, ,

(l/min)
100
100
10
10
100
100
10
10

10

(l/min)
100+[(-1)x10]

(1)

10+[(-1)x6]
10+[(-1)x6]
100+[(-1)x10]

(1)

10+[(-1)x6]x1/4
10+[(-1)x6]x1/4

10+[(-1)x6]

10
10+[(-1)x6]x3/4
(1)

10

100
100
10
100

100+[(-1)x10]

(1)

10+[(-1)x6]x1/4
100+[(-1)x6]x1//4

169

(l/min)
10

(l/min)
10+[(-1)x6]x1/4

(2)

10

10+[(-1)x6]x1/4

( )

10

10+[(-1)x6]x1/4

100

(1)

:
(1)
.
(2)

.
:
(
).

(
) .

.
3

(l/min)

(l/min)

15
15

(1)

15
15

(1)

15
15
10

( )

10

(1)

15

(1)

15+[(-1)x6]

15+[(-1)x6]

15+[(-1)x6]

(1)

10+[(-1)x6]x1/4

170
:
(1)
.
:
(
).

(
) .

.
4

(l/min)
40
(4)
25
40
(4)
25
40
40

, ,

40
(4)
25
40
(4)
25
40
40

40

(l/min)
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
(4)
x25
(1)

(4)

x25
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
(4)
x25
(1)

(4)

x25
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4

x40

80
80+[(-1)x80]x1/2
(1)

40

40
(4)
25
40
(4)
25
40
40
(4)
25
40

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
(4)
x25

20

20+[(-1)x10]x1/4

(1)

(4)

x25
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x20]x1/4
(4)
25+[(-1)x25]x1/4
40+[(-1)x20]x1/4

(2) (3)

,
( )
(3)

20
(4)
25

20+[(-1)x10]x1/4
(4)
25+[(-1)x25]x1/4

171

(l/min)
40

(l/min)

(1)

:
(1)
.
(2)

.
(3)
.
(4)
Venturi, .
:
(
).
Venturi (
)

(
) .

.
5

(l/min)

(l/min)

350
350

(1)

350

350+[(-1)x350]x1/4

( )

350

350

350

(1)

350+[(-1)x350]x1/4

:
(1)
.

172
:
(
).

(
) .

.
6

(l/min)
40
40
40
40

, ,

40

(l/min)
80+[(-1)x80]x1/2

(1)
(1)

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
80+[(-1)x80]x1/2

(1)

40
40

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4

40

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4

40
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
(1)

40

40
40
40
40
40

80+[(-1)x80]x1/2

(1)

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4
40+[(-1)x40]x1/4

(2)

40

40+[(-1)x40]x1/20

( )

40

40+[(-1)x40]x1/4

40

(1)

:
(1)
.
(2)

.

173
:
(
).

(
) .

.
7 -

(l/min)

(l/min)

80

x80

80

x80

80

x80

80

80+[(-1)x80]x1/4

80

80+[(-1)x80]x1/8

80

(1)

( )

/

:
(1)
.
:
(
).

(
) .

.

174

175

176

177