19) A large number of consecutive IP addresses areavailable starting at 198.16.0 .0 .

Suppose that four organizations, A, B, C and D, request 4000, 2000, 4000and 8000 addresses, respectively and in that order. For each of these, give the fir st IPaddressassigned, the last IP address assigned, and the mask in the w.x.y.z/ s notation. Ans: In keeping with the practical restrictions of CIDR, the number of addresse s requestedmust first be rounded up to a power of 2 for each request. Accordingl y, the requests arefor 4096,2048, 4096 and 8192 addresses in order. The number o f bitsneeded in the host part for each network is, therefore, 12, 11,12 and 13 i n order. The masks therefore are going to be /20, / 21, /20 and /19. Now all we have to do is to arrange them inthe earliest available address chunk of that siz e and aligned on the appropriate boundary as per CIDR rules. The tablebelow show s the actual assignments. The last row shows thestate of the address space after satisfying each request.Notice the holes that had to be left in the address space assignment in order to align the address chunks to theappropriate power-of-2 add resses.