Short muscle:

Lower crossed syndrome Long/weak/inibited muscle:

Oppositing Joint Action
Extension:
Gluteus maximus (weak/inhibited Hamstrings (long) Adductor magnus

Observed Joint Action

Hip Flexion:
Psoas major Iliacus Rectus femoris Sartorius (in flexion) Tensor fasciae latae/ITB

Hip Adduction:
Adductor longus Adductor brevis Pectineus

Abduction:
Gluteus medius (in abduction) Gluteus minimus ( in abduction)

Hip Internal Rotation:

Tensor fasciae latae Gluteus medius (anterior fibers) Gluteus minimus (anterior fibers) Anterior adductor complex Piriformis (pseudo sciatica)

External Rotation:
Gluteus medius (posterior fibers) when hip extend Gluteus minimus (posterior fibers) when hip extend Piriformis/Deep external rotators Sartorius (in external rotation) Gluteus maximus lower fibers (in external rotation)

Lumbar Extension:
Erector spinae (lumbar fibers) Quadratus lumborum Latissimus dorsi

Lumbar Flexion:
Rectus abdominis (lower fibers) External obliques (lower/lateral fibers) Transversus abdominis/multifidus/pelvic floor

Knee Extension:
Quadriceps

Flexion:
Hamstrings Popliteus

Ankle Plantar Flexion:

Soleus Gastrocnemius* (can be short or long)

Dorsi Flexion:
Tibialis anterior

If foot pronation
Peroneus longus/brevis Toe extensors Tibialis posterior Long toe flexors

Upper crossed syndrome

Neck extension:
Sternocleidomastoid Semispinalis capitis Splenius capitis Subocciptalis Erector spinae (cervical fibers)

Flexion:
Longus capitis Longus colli Rectus capitis anterior Scalenes* Hyoids (assist in flexion)

Scapula Abduction:
Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor

Adduction:
Rhomboids Middle trapezius

Scapula Elevation: Upper trapezius Levator scapula

Depression: Lower trapezius Pectoralis minor

Shoulder Internal Rotation:

Pectoralis Major Anterior Deltoid Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi* Teres Major Corachobrachialis Brachioradialis Biceps brachii

External Rotation:
Posterior deltoid Infraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps brachii (long head) Latissimus dorsi*

Thoracic spine kyphosis

Upper Lumbar Flexors:
Internal obliques (upper/lateral fibers) External obliques/ rectus abdominis (upper fibers) Intercostals/upper abdominal fibers)

Thoracic Spine Extension:

Erector spinae (thoracic spine fibers) (Longissimus thoracic, iliocostalis thoracic, Spinalis thoracic)