Professional Documents
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Best Practices
Alarm design
Key performance indicators Approved techniques Priority assignment Alarm presentation Operator roles
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Minor
Moderate
Major
Extreme
Production loss Lower efficiency, Non-spared Non-spared Downtime more Increased fouling equipment trip equipment will trip than Equipment Pump damage Pump damage (no Damage to major Critical equipment damage (spare on hand) spare) equipment likely destroyed Inefficient < $50k $50 to 100k > $100k operation Consequence Minor Moderate Major Extreme Urgency Now ( < 5 min) Next ( 5-15 min) Later ( >15 min)
5 2003 Honeywell Industry Solutions
Production loss Lower efficiency, Non-spared Non-spared Downtime more Increased fouling equipment trip equipment will trip than Equipment Pump damage Pump damage (no Damage to major Critical equipment damage (spare on hand) spare) equipment likely destroyed Inefficient < $50k $50 to 100k > $100k operation Consequence Minor Moderate Major Extreme Urgency Now ( < 5 min) High High Emergncy Critical Next ( 5-15 min) Low High Emergncy Critical Later ( >15 min) Low Low High Critical
6 2003 Honeywell Industry Solutions
Alarm Rationalisation
AND
Intent: Each alarm activation is informative and provides proper directional diagnosis 2. Ensure that the remaining alarm parameters are correctly specified giving fewer activations
Safety-Related alarms (as per the IEC 61508 definition) need special treatment. They should not be DCSbased. They will usually require careful engineering, dedicated displays etc.
Rationalisation Data
Operations Expertise PIDs + HAZOP etc.
For each alarm: Review the data may have used an analysis tool before
the meeting but additional queries may be required
What is the cause(s) of the alarm event? What is the consequence(s) of no action? What ACTION(s) is required? (No Action means No Alarm!)
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PV
PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
12 2003 Honeywell Industry Solutions
PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
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PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
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Possible alarm limit .. could be lower .. but should not overlap the green area
PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
15 2003 Honeywell Industry Solutions
PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
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Upper Margin
If there is no upper margin the chance of the trip occurring will increase
PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
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PV
Lower Margin
Time
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PV
Current Operating Target Range
Time
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Rationalisation Resources
Data gathering and annotation can take to 4 days or more. Dont forget time to verify plant drawings & P&IDs
Enhanced techniques and graphics modifications - too variable to estimate. Depends on plant standards and current system
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Regularly compare
Engineered and DCS settings: By scheduling On demand
DCS Alarming
Sensors
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DCS Alarming
Sensors
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Operator can override exceptions by moving them to the OverrideWhen ready the Enforcement pane operator starts the enforcement
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DCS Alarming
Sensors
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When the plant operational mode changes, the alarm settings should follow but on most plants the alarm settings dont change.
As mode changes
DCS Alarming
Sensors
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Alarm Suppression
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Improved Graphics
27
Plant Sensors
FI 121 1
TI 436 7
Plant Actuators
LI 116 7
BAW Architecture
Each of the 16 groups has a number of separate guidelines around 90 guidelines in all.
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