Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Capitalization
RULE NO. 2
RULE NO. 3
Capitalize a person's title when it precedes the name. Do not capitalize when the title is acting as a description following the name.
Chairperson Petrov Ms. Petrov, the chairperson of the company, will address us at noon.
RULE NO. 4
Capitalize the person's title when it follows the name on the address or signature line.
RULE NO. 5
Capitalize the titles of highranking government officials when used before their names. Do not capitalize the civil title if it is used instead of the name.
RULE NO. 6
Capitalize any title when used as a direct address.
RULE NO. 7
Capitalize points of the compass only when they refer to specific regions.
RULE NO. 8
Always capitalize the first and last words of titles of publications regardless of their parts of speech. Capitalize other words within titles, including the short verb forms Is, Are, and Be.
Do not capitalize little words within titles such as a, an, the, but, as, if, and, or, nor, or prepositions, regardless of their length.
The Day of the Jackal What Color Is Your Parachute? A Tale of Two Cities
RULE NO. 9
Capitalize federal or state when used as part of an official agency name or in government documents where these terms represent an official name. If they are being used as general terms, you may use lowercase letters.
That is a federal offense. The Federal Bureau of Investigation has been subject to much scrutiny and criticism lately. We will visit three states during our summer vacation.
RULE NO. 10
Capitalize the first word of a salutation and the first word of a complimentary close.
RULE NO. 11
After a sentence ending with a colon, do not capitalize the first word if it begins a list.
These are my favorite foods: chocolate cake, spaghetti and adobo. These are my skills: programming, driving and multitasking.
RULE NO. 12
Do not capitalize names of seasons.
10. COMMA
Use commas after introductory words, phrases, or clauses that come before the main clause Examples: 1. While I was eating, the cat scratched at the door. 2. If you are ill, you ought to see a doctor.
10. COMMA
Use a pair of commas to separate an aside from the main body of the sentence. Example: 1. John and Inga, the couple from next door, are coming for dinner tonight.
10. COMMA
Use commas to set off all geographical names, items in dates (except the month and day), addresses (except the street number and name), and titles in names. Example: 1. Birmingham, Alabama, got its name from Birmingham, England. 2. July 22, 2011, was a momentous day in his life.
10. COMMA
Use a comma to shift between the main discourse and a quotation. Example: 1. John said without emotion, Ill see you tomorrow. 2. I was able, she answered, to complete the assignment.
9. Period (.)
The primary use of a period is to end a sentence. Example: 1. Business English is very important for your professional growth.
9. Period (.)
Its second important use is for abbreviations. Examples: 1. Jesus Christ was born c. 4-6AD 2. Mr. Jose was happy to see his wife.
6. Quotation marks ()
are used to quote another persons words exactly, whether they be spoken, or written Examples: 1. John said, We are going shopping. 2. As D. H. Nachas explains, The gestures used for greeting others differ greatly from one culture to another.
6. Quotation marks ()
used to denote irony or sarcasm, or to note something unusual about it Example: 1. The great march of progress has left millions impoverished and hungry.
5. Colon (:)
used after a complete statement in order to introduce one or more directly related ideas, such as a series of directions, a list, or a quotation or other comment illustrating or explaining the statement Example: 1. The daily newspaper contains four sections: news, sports, entertainment, and classified ads.
5. Colon (:)
Used to separate chapter and verse from the bible or to separate hours, minutes, and seconds Example: 1. John 1:21 2. 09:25:12
4. Semicolon (;)
Use a semicolon to join related independent clauses in compound sentences Example: 1. Jim worked hard to earn his degree; consequently, he was certain to achieve a distinction. 2. Jane overslept by three hours; she was going to be late for work again.
4. Semicolon (;)
Used to separate items in a series if the elements of the series already include commas Example: 1. Members of the band include Harold Rostein, clarinetist; Tony Aluppo, tuba player; and Lee Jefferson, trumpeter.
3. Apostrophe ( )
to form possessives of nouns Example: 1. the boys hat 2. three days journey
3. Apostrophe ( )
to show the omission of letters Example: 1. Hell go = He will go 2. couldve = could have
3. Apostrophe ( )
to form plurals Example: 1. Mind your ps and qs.
2. Parentheses ( )
occasionally and sparingly used for extra, nonessential material included in a sentence Example: 1. Before arriving at the station, the old train (someone said it was a relic of frontier days) caught fire.
Thank you !