Class7 Sanskrit Textbook PDF

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ISBN 81-7450-645-4
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lokZ f/dkj lqjf{kr
fnlacj 2006 ikS"k 1928
la'kksf/r ,oa ifjofZr laLdj.k
ekpZ 2010 pS=k 1932

PD 210T MK
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ikB~;iqLrdksa osQ fuekZ.k dh ;kstuk izkjEHk dh xbZ gSA bl ;kstuk osQ vUrxZr Hkk"kk&foHkkx
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^gkL;ckydfolEesyue~* tSls ikBksa dks Hkh LFkku fn;k x;k gSA jk"Vot osQ ego dks crkus
osQ fy, laoknkRed 'kSyh esa ^f=ko.kZ% ot%* ikB dks bl iqLrd esa lekfgr fd;k x;k gSA
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ckrsa crkbZ xbZ gSaA bl iqLrd esa ukVd osQ :i esa ^lY i% flfnk;d%* ikB dk lekos'k fd;k
x;k gSA bl izdkj bl iqLrd esa oqQy 15 ikB gSaA dfBu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ&cks/ djkus osQ fy,
Nk=kksa dh lqfo/k gsrq izR;sd ikB osQ vUr esa fn;s x, 'kCnkFkZ (laLr&fgUnh&vaxzst+h) iqLrd
dh fo'ks"krk gSA ikBkUr esa fofo/ iz'uksa okyh vH;kl&pkfjdk nh xbZ gS ftlls Hkk"kk&lajpukRed&Kku
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z laLr 'kCnksa vkSj okD;ksa dk 'kq mPpkj.k
z iznk funsZ'kksa osQ vk/kj ij iz'ukskj ,oa iz'u&fuekZ.k dk dkS'ky
z Hkkf"kd roksa (Jo.k] Hkk"k.k] iBu rFkk ys[ku) dk dkS'ky
z thouewY;ksa ls ;qDr laLr&ikBksa dk ifjp;
z laLr esa lkekU; okrkZyki dj ldus dh {kerk
z laLr dh orZuh dks 'kq :i esa tkuus vkSj fy[kus dh {kerk
z jkspd dFkkvksa dks i<+dj ?kVuke dk la;kstu dj ldus dk lkeF;Z
z v;kiu fcUnqvksa ij vk/kfjr Kkuo/Zd vH;kl
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dksbZ Hkh ikB~;e rFkk iqLrd fdruh gh oSKkfud vkSj lq#fpiw.kZ D;ksa u gks] v;kiu&dk;Z
esa f'k{kd dh Hkwfedk vR;Ur egoiw.kZ gksrh gSA tgk v;kiu dh liQyrk osQ fy,
rduhdh 'kSyh ls ;qDr ikB~;iqLrdksa dh vis{kk jgrh gS] ogha nwljh vksj ikB~;iqLrdksa esa
fufgr O;kdj.k&lEcU/h fcUnqvksa vkSj Hkkf"kd roksa osQ izk;ksfxd vH;kl gsrq oqQ'ky v;kiu
'kSyh Hkh visf{kr gSA vk'kk dh tkrh gS fd f'k{kdx.k izLrqr iqLrd osQ ek;e ls Hkk"kk
osQ visf{kr dkS'kyksa dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igqpkus esa viuk vewY; lg;ksx iznku djsaxsA
dFkk&izlksa rFkk xhrksa dks n;e cukus osQ fy, ;Fkkolj n`';&JO; ;kfU=kd ek;eksa dk
mi;ksx visf{kr gSA tks ikB laokn&ijd gSa] mudk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls vfHku; Hkh djk;k tk
ldrk gSA
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rFkkfi bldks vkSj vf/d fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, mi;ksxh cukus osQ fy, vuqHkoh laLr
v;kidksa osQ cgqewY; lq>koksa dk ge lnSo Lokxr djsaxsA
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iqjksokd~
Hkwfedk
lqHkkf"krkfu
f}rh;% ikB%
nqcfZq % fou';fr
r`rh;% ikB%
LokoyEcue~
12
prqFkZ% ikB%
gkL;ckydfolEesyue~ (vO;;iz;ksx%)
18
ipe% ikB%
if.Mrk jekckbZ
25
"k"B% ikB%
lnkpkj%
30
lIre% ikB%
35
v"Ve% ikB%
lYi% flfnk;d% (/krqi;z ksx%)

f=ko.kZ% ot%
uoe% ikB%
foeku;kua jp;ke
50
n'ke% ikB%
fo'ocU/qRoe~ (dkjdfoHkfDr% miinfoHkfDr'p)
54
,dkn'k% ikB%
leok;ks fg nqt;Z %
60
}kn'k% ikB%
dYiyrso fo|k
65
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
70
prqn'Z k% ikB%
ve`ra laLre~ (bdkjkUrL=khfy%)

vukfjdk;k% ftKklk (dkjkUriqf Yy%)
ipn'k% ikB%
ykyuxhre~
81
ifjf'k"Ve~
o.kZfopkj%] dkjde~] 'kCn:ikf.k /krq:ikf.k p
86
ix
1
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76
cky vf/dkj ?kks"k.kk&i=k

v_kjg lky ls de mez dk gj O;fDr cPpk gSA cPps dh ns[k&js[k vkSj ikyu&iks"k.k dh fkEesnkjh cqfu;knh
rkSj ij ek&cki ij gksrh gSA jkT; R;sd cPps osQ vfkdkjksa dk lEeku djrk gS vkSj mUgsa lkdkj djus osQ
fy, izfrc gSA
izfr"Bk vkSj vfHkO;fDr
eq>s vius vfkdkjksa osQ ckjs esa tkuus dk gd gSA
(vuqPNsn 42)
cPpk gksus osQ ukrs eq>s vfkdkj feys gSaA eSa dkSu gw] dgk jgrk@jgrh gw] esjs ek&cki D;k djrs gSa] esjh
Hkk"kk D;k gS] esjk keZ D;k gS] eSa yM+dk gw ;k yM+dh] esjh laLfr dkSu&lh gS] eSa fodykax gw ;k ugha]
eSa xjhc gw ;k vehj] bl ckr ls dksbZ I+kQoZQ ugha iM+rkA fdlh Hkh vkkkj ij esjs bu vfkdkjksa dks ugha
Nhuk tk ldrk] lHkh dks ;g ckr tkuuh pkfg,A
(vuqPNsn 2)
eq>s viuh jk; Lora=k :i ls O;Dr djus dk vfkdkj gS] ftls xaHkhjrk ls ysuk pkfg,A lHkh dh ;g
fkEesnkjh gS fd os nwljksa dh ckr lqusaA
(vuqPNsn 12] 13)
eq>s xyrh djus dk vfkdkj gS vkSj lHkh dks ekuuk pkfg, fd ge viuh xyfr;ksa ls lh[krs gSaA
(vuqPNsn 28)
eq>s lHkh dkjZokb;ksa esa 'kkfey gksus dk vf/dkj gS] pkgs esjh {kerk, fHkUu gSaA lHkh dks nwljksa dh fHkUu
{kerkvksa dk lEeku djuk pkfg,A
(vuqPNsn 23)
fodkl
eq>s vPNh f'k{kk dk vfkdkj gS vkSj ;g gj O;fDr dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og lHkh cPpkas dks i<+us osQ
fy, izksRlkfgr djsA
(vuqPNsn 23] 28] 29)
eq>s vPNh LokLF; fpfdRlk dk vfkdkj gS vkSj ;g izR;sd O;fDr dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og vkSjksa dks
Hkh cqfu;knh LokLF; lsok vkSj ihus dk lkI+kQ ikuh eqgS;k djkus esa enn djsA
(vuqPNsn 24)
eq>s HkjisV [kkus dk vfkdkj gS vkSj gj O;fDr dh ;g fkEesnkjh gS fd og fdlh dks Hkh Hkw[kk u ejus nsA
(vuqPNsn 24)
eq>s LoPN i;kZoj.k dk vfkdkj gS vkSj gj O;fDr dh ;g fkEesnkjh gS fd og bls iznfw "kr u djsA
(vuqPNsn 29)
eq>s [ksyus vkSj vkjke djus dk vfkdkj gSA
(vuqPNsn 31)
ns[kHkky vkSj lqj{kk
esjk vfkdkj gS fd eq>s I;kj feys vkSj fdlh Hkh rjg osQ nqjkpkj o uqdlku ls eq>s cpk;k tk,A gj
,d dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og vkSjksa dh ns[kHkky djs o muosQ lkFk Lusg Hkko ls jgsA (vuqPNsn 19)
eq>s lqjf{kr ifjokj rFkk vkjkensg ?kj dk vfkdkj gSA gj O;fDr dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og bl ckr dk
[k;ky j[ks fd lHkh cPpksa dks ifjokj vkSj ?kj feysA
(vuqPNsn 9] 27)
eq>s viuh fojklr vkSj ekU;rkvksa ij xoZ djus dk vfkdkj gSA gj O;fDr dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og vkSjksa
dh laLfr o ekU;rkvksa dk lEeku djsA
(vuqPNsn 29] 30)
eq>s fgalk (ekSf[kd] 'kkjhfjd] HkkokRed) osQ fcuk thou thus dk vfkdkj gSA gj ,d dh fkEesnkjh
gS fd og fdlh osQ lkFk vR;kpkj u djsA
(vuqPNsn 28] 37)
eq>s vkFkd vkSj ;kSu 'kks"k.k ls lqj{kk dk vfkdkj gSA gj ,d dh ;g fkEesnkjh gS fd og fdlh Hkh
cPps dks dke ij u j[ks vkSj cPpksa dks ,d vkkkn vkSj lqjf{kr ekgkSy eqg;S k djk,A (vuqPNsn 32] 34)
eq>s fdlh Hkh rjg osQ 'kks"k.k ls lqj{kk dk vfkdkj gSA gj O;fDr dh fkEesnkjh gS fd og bl ckr dk
[k;ky j[ks fd dksbZ fdlh Hkh rjg ls eq>s bLrseky u djs vkSj esjk I+kQk;nk u mBk,A (vuqPNsn 36)
cPpksa ls lacafkr lHkh dkjZokb;ksa esa cPpksa osQ fgrksa dks izkFkfedrk nh tk,xh
;s lkjs vfkdkj vkSj fkEesnkfj;k la;qDr jk"V cky vfkdkj duosa'ku] 1989 esa mfYyf[kr gSaA bl duosa'ku
esa mu lkjs vfkdkjksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS] tks nqfu;k Hkj osQ cPpksa dks feys gq, gSaA Hkkjr ljdkj us bl
nLrkosk ij 1992 esa nLr[kr fd, FksA
ksr jk"Vh; cky vfkdkj laj{k.k vk;ksx (,u-lh-ih-lh-vkj-)] Hkkjr ljdkj
izFke% ikB%
lqHkkf"krkfu
i`fFkO;ka =khf.k jRukfu
ew<S%
ik"kk.k[k.Ms"kq
tyea lqHkkf"kre~ A
jRulaKk
fo/h;rs AA 1 AA
lR;su /k;Zrs i`Foh lR;su rirs jfo% A

lR;su okfr ok;q'p lo lR;s izfrf"Bre~ AA 2 AA
nkus rifl 'kkS;sZ
p foKkus fou;s u;s A
foLe;ks u fg dkZO;ks cgqjRuk olqU/jk AA 3 AA

lfjso lgklhr lf% oqQohZr l fre~ A
lffoZokna eS=kha p uklf% fdfpnkpjsr~ AA 4 AA
/u/kU;iz ; ks x s " kq
fo|k;k%
la x z g s " kq p A
vkgkjs O;ogkjs p R;DryTt% lq[kh Hkosr~ AA 5 AA

{keko'khfryksZosQ {ke;k d u lk;rs A
'kkfUr[kM~x% djs ;L; d dfj";fr nqtuZ % AA 6 AA
#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
on the earth
i`fFkO;ke~
lqHkkf"kre~
ew<S%
ik"kk.k[k.Ms"kq
jRulaKk
&
&
&
&
&
/jrh ij
lqUnj opu
ew[kks osQ }kjk
iRFkj osQ VqdM+ksa esa
jRu dk uke
fo/h;rs
/k;Zrs
rirs
okfr
ok;q'p (ok;q%$p)
izfrf"Bre~
rifl
'kkS;sZ
u;s
foLe;%
cgqjRuk
olqU/jk
lfjso (lf%$,o)
lgklhr (lg $vklhr)
oqQohZr
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
fd;k@le>k tkrk gS
/kj.k fd;k tkrk gS
tyrk gS
cgrk gS @ cgrh gS
iou Hkh
fLFkr gS
riL;k esa
cy esa
uhfr esa
vk'p;Z
vusd jRuksa okyh
i`fFkoh
lTtuksa osQ lkFk gh
lkFk cSBuk pkfg,
djuk pkfg,
lffoZokne~
(lf%$fookne~)
& lTtuksa osQ lkFk >xM+k quarrel with gentlemen
good sayings
by fools
in stone pieces
name of precious
stone
to be done/given
bears
burns/heats
blows
air
situated
in penance
in bravery
in policy
wonder
possessing many jewells
earth
with gentlemen alone
should sit together
should do
lqHkkf"krkfu
{keko'khfryksZosQ
({keko'khfr%$yksosQ)
uklf% (u$vlf%)
/u/kU;iz;ksxs"kq
laxzgs"kq
R;DryTt%
'kkfUr[kM~x%
& lalkj esa {kek

(lcls cM+k) o'khdj.k gS
& vlTtu yksxksa osQ
lkFk ugha
& /u/kU; osQ iz;ksx esa
& laxzgksa esa] lap; djus esa
& ladksp ;k Hkh#rk
dks NksM+usokyk
& 'kkfUr dh ryokj
forgiveness is an
enchantment in the world
not with ungentlemanly
people
in the use of wealth
in accumulation
one who has given up
shyness
sword of peace
vH;kl%
1- lokZu~ 'yksdku~ lLoja xk;rA
2- ;Fkk;ksX;a 'yksdka'kku~ esy;r&
d
[k
/u/kU;iz;ksx"s kq
uklf% fdfpnkpjsrA~
foLe;ks u fg dkZO;%
R;DryTt% lq[kh HkosrA~
lR;su /k;Zrs i`Foh
cgqjRuk olqU/jkA
lffoZokna eS=kha p
fo|k;k% laxgz "s kq pA
vkgkjs O;ogkjs p
lR;su rirs jfo%A
3- ,dinsu mkjr&
(d) i`fFkO;ka dfr jRukfu\
([k) ew<%S oqQ=k jRulaKk fo/h;rs\
(x) i`fFkoh osQu /k;Zr\s
(?k) oSQ% lr oqQohZr\
() yksoQs o'khfr% dk\
4-
js[kkfrinkfu vf/R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) lR;su okfr ok;q%A

([k) lf% ,o lgklhrA
(x) olqU/jk cgqjRuk HkofrA
(?k) fo|k;k% laxgz "s kq R;DryTt% lq[kh HkosrA~
() lf% eS=kha oqQohZrA
5- iz'ukukeqkjkf.k fy[kr&
(d) oqQ=k foLe;% u dkZO;%\
([k) i`fFkO;ka =khf.k jRukfu dkfu\
(x) R;DryTt% oqQ=k lq[kh Hkosr\~
4
lqHkkf"krkfu
6- etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok fykuqlkja fy[kr&

jRukfu
olqU/jk lR;su lq[kh ve~ of% jfo%
i`Foh lfre~
iqf Yye ~
--------------------
L=khfye~
--------------------
uiql
a dfyE k~
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
7- v/ksfyf[krins"kq /kro% osQ lfUr\

ine~
/krq%
-------------------djksfr
i';
--------------------
Hkosr~
--------------------
fr"Bfr
--------------------
f}rh;% ikB%
nqcZqf)% fou';fr
vfLr ex/ns'ks iqQYyksRiyuke lj%A r=k ladVfodVkS galkS fuolr%A dEcqxhz ouked%
r;ks% fe=ke~ ,d% owQeZ% vfi r=kSo izfrolfr LeA
vFk ,dnk khojk% r=k vkxPNu~A rs vdFk;u~ &o;a 'o% eRL;owQekZnhu~
ekjf;";ke%A ,rr~ JqRok owQeZ% vonr~&^^fe=ks! d ;qokH;ka khojk.kka okrkZ Jqrk\
vkquk fde~ vga djksfe\** galkS vonrke~ & ^^kr% ;n~ mfpra rRdkZO;e~A**
owQeZ% vonr~& ^êSoe~A rn~ ;Fkkge~ vU;a na xPNkfe rFkk oqQ#re~A** galkS
vonrke~&^^vkoka d djoko\** owQeZ% vonr~&^^vga ;qokH;ka lg vkdk'kekxs.Z k
vU;=k xUrqe~ bPNkfeA**
gaLkkS vonrke~&^^v=k d% mik;%\** dPNi% onfr&^^;qoka dk"Bn.Me~ ,oaQ
pPok /kj;rke~A vga dk"Bn.Me;s voyEC; ;qo;ks% i{kcysu lq[ksu xfe";kfeA**
galkS vdFk;rke~& ^^lEHkofr ,"k% mik;%A fdUrq v=k ,d% vik;ksfi orZrAs
vkokH;ka uh;ekua RokeoyksD; tuk% fdfpn~ ofn";fUr ,oA ;fn Roeqkja nkL;fl
rnk ro ej.ka fuf'pre~A
vr% Roe~ v=kSo olA**
rr~ JqRok ozqQ% owQeZ%
vonr~& ^^fdega
ew[kZ%\ mkja u
nkL;kfeA fdfpnfi
u ofn";kfeA** vr%
vga ;Fkk onkfe rFkk
;q o ka oqQ #re~ A
nqcfZq % fou';fr
,oa dk"Bn.Ms
yEcekua owQe xksikydk%
vi';u~A i'pkn~ vkkou~
vonu~ p& ^^ga g ks !
egnk'p;Ze~A galkH;ka
lg owQeksZ fi mM~Mh;rsA**
df'pn~ onfr& ^^;|;a
owQeZ% dFkefi fuirfr
rnk v=kS o iDRok
[kkfn";kfeA** vij%
vonr~& ^^ljLrhjs nXok
[kkfn";kfe**A vU;%
vdFk;r~& ^^x`ga uhRok Hk{kf;";kfe** bfrA rs"kka rn~ opua JqRok owQeZ% ozQq %
tkr%A fe=kkH;ka nka opua foLe`R; l% vonr~&^^;w;a HkLe [kknrA** rR{k.keso
owQeZ% n.Mkr~ HkwekS ifrr%A xksikyoSQ% l% ekfjr%A vr ,oksDre~&
lqnka fgrdkekuka okD;a ;ks ukfHkuUnfrA
l owQeZ bo nqcfZq % dk"Bkn~ Hkz"Vks fou';frAA
'kCnkFkkZ%
lj%
& rkykc
pond
owQeZ%@dPNi%
& dNqvk
turtle
izfrolfr Le
& jgrk Fkk
was living
/hojk%
& eNqvkjs
fishermen
eRL;owQekZnhu~
& eNyh] dNqvk vkfn dks fishes, turtles etc.
ekjf;";ke%
& ekjsax
shall kill
eSoe~ (ek$,oe~) & ,slk ugha
not so
ne~
& rkykc dks
to the pond
/kj;rke~
i{kcysu
& /kj.k djsa

& ia[kks osQ cy ls
hold
vik;%
& gkfu
harm
uh;ekue~
& ys tkrs gq,
being carried
voyksD;
& ns[kdj
looking
yEcekue~
& yVdrs gq, (dks)
swinging
mM~Mh;rs
& mM+ jgk gS
flying
foLe`R;
& Hkwy dj
forgetting
HkLe
& jk[k
ashes
lqnke~
& fe=kksa dk@osQ@dh
of friends
fgrdkekuke~
& dY;k.k dh bPNk

j[kus okys dk@osQ@dh
& izlrkiwoZd Lohdkj
djrk@djrh gS
of wellwishers
& nq"V cqf okyk
crooked
vfHkuUnfr
nqcZqf%
with the strength of wings
welcomes
nqcfZq % fou';fr
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
iqQYyksRiye~
voyEC;
iDRok
dEcqxhz o%
vkokH;ke~
Hk{kf;";kfe
mDroku~
ne~
lqnke~
Hkon~H;ke~
mM~Mh;rs
Hkz"V%
2- ,dinsu mkjr&
(d) owQeZL; d uke vklhr~\
([k) ljLrhjs osQ vkxPNu~\
(x) owQeZ% osQu ekxs.Z k vU;=k xUrqe~ bPNfr\
(?k) yEcekua owQe n`"V~ok osQ v/kou~\
3- v/ksfyf[krokD;kfu d% oaQ izfr dFk;fr bfr fy[kr&
d% dFk;fr oaQ izfr dFk;fr
;Fkk& izkr% ;n~ mfpra rRdkZO;e~A
galkS
owQe izfr
(d) vga Hkon~H;ka lg vkdk'kekxs.Z k xUrqe~ bPNkfeA -------------------- -------------------([k) v=k d% mik;%\
-------------------- --------------------
(x) vge~ mkja u nkL;kfeA
-------------------- --------------------
(?k) ;w;a HkLe [kknrA
-------------------- --------------------
4- etw"kkr% f;kina fpRok okD;kfu iwj;r&

vfHkuUnfr Hk{kf;";ke% bPNkfe ofn";kfe mM~Mh;rs izfrolfr Le
(d) galkH;ka lg owQeksZ fi --------------------A
([k) vga fdfpnfi u --------------------A
(x) ;% fgrdkekuka lqnka okD;a u --------------------A
(?k) ,d% owQeZ% vfi r=kSo --------------------A
() vge~ vkdk'kekxs.Z k vU;=k xUrqe~ --------------------A
(p) o;a x`ga uhRok owQe --------------------A
5- iw.kZokD;su mkjr&
(d) dPNi% oqQ=k xUrqe~ bPNfr\
([k) dPNi% de~ mik;a onfr\
(x) yEcekua owQe n`"V~ok xksikydk% fde~ vonu~\
(?k) owQeZ% fe=k;ks% opua foLe`R; fde~ vonr~\
6- ?kVukekuqlkja okD;kfu fy[kr&
(d) owQeZ% gal;ks% lgk;r;k vkdk'kekxs.Z k vxPNr~A
([k) xksikydk% vdFk;u~&o;a ifrra owQe [kkfn";ke%A
(x) owQeZ% galkS p ,dfLeu~ ljfl fuolfUr LeA
(?k) osQfpr~ /hojk% ljLrhjs vkxPNu~A
() owQeZ% vU;=k xUrqe~ bPNfr LeA
(p) yEcekua owQe n`"V~ok xksikydk% v/kou~A
(N) owQeZ% vkdk'kkr~ ifrr% xksikyoSQ% ekfjr'pA
(t) ô;a 'o% eRL;owQekZnhu~ ekjf;";ke%* bfr /hojk% vdFk;u~A
10
nqcfZq % fou';fr
7- etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

tyk'k;e~
vfpUr;r~
o`%
nq%f[krk%
o`{kL;
liZ%
vknk;
lehis
dksVjs
,dL; o`{kL; 'kk[kklq vusoQs dkdk% olfUr LeA rL; o`{kL; ------------------- ,d%
liZ% vfi volr~A dkdkuke~ vuqifLFkrkS ------------------- dkdkuka f'k'kwu~ [kknfr LeA
dkdk% ------------------- vklu~A rs"kq ,d% ------------------- dkd% mik;e~ -------------------A
o`{kL; ------------------- tyk'k;% vklhr~A r=k ,dk jktoqQekjh Lukrqa ------------------- vkxPNfrA
f'kyk;ka fLFkra rL;k% vkHkj.ke~ ------------------- ,d% dkd% o`{kL; mifj vLFkki;r~A
jktlsodk% dkde~ vuqlR` ; ------------------- lehie~ vxPNu~A r=k rs ra li p vekj;u~A
vr% ,oksDre~&mik;su lo fl~;frA
;krO;e~
b;a dFkk îprU=ke~* bfr xzUFkkr~ mn~/r` kA iprU=kL; ys[kd% fo".kq'kekZA
ipkuka rU=kk.kka lekgkj% iprU=ke~ bfrA vr% iprU=kL; ip Hkkxk%
lfUr&fe=kHksn%] fe=kykHk%] lfU/foxzg%] yC/iz.kk'k% vijhf{kr&dkjdpA
vfLeu~ ikBs vuoljs Hkk"k.ksu dFka loZuk'k% Hkorhfr nf'kZre~A Dofpr~
ekSua dk;ZlkkoaQ HkofrA ;FkkskQe~&
foHkw"k.ka ekSueif.Mrkuke~A
ew[kksZ fg 'kksHkrs rkor~ ;kor~ fdfpUu Hkk"krsA
11
r`rh;% ikB%
LokoyEcue~
la[;kokfp'kCnk% rn~&,rn~&'kCnkS p
".kewfrZ% Jhd.B'p fe=ks vkLrke~A Jhd.BL; firk le`% vklhr~A vr%

rL; Hkous loZ f o/kfu lq [ k&lkkukfu vklu~ A rfLeu~ fo'kkys Hkous
pRokfja ' kr~ LrEHkk% vklu~ A rL;
v"Vkn'k&izdks"Bs"kq ipk'kr~ xok{kk%]
prq'pRokfja'kr~ }kjkf.k] "kV~f=ka'kr~
fo|qr&~ O;tukfu p vklu~A r=k n'k
lsodk% fujUrja dk; oqQoZfUr LeA ija
".kewrsZ% ekrk firk p fu/ZukS
"kdnEirhA rL; x`ge~ vkMEcjfoghua lk/kj.kp vklhr~A
,dnk Jhd.B% rsu lg kr% uooknus rL;
x`ge~ vxPNr~A r=k ".kewfrZ% rL; ekrk firk p
Lo'kDR;k Jhd.BL; vkfrF;e~ voqQoZuA~ ,rr~ n`"V~ok
Jhd.B% vdFk;r~& ^^fe=k! vga Hkorka lRdkjs.k
lUrq"VksfLeA osQoye~ bneso ee nq%[ka ;r~ ro
x`gs ,dksfi Hk`R;% ukfLrA ee lRdkjk; Hkorka
cgq d"Va tkre~A ee x`gs rq cgo% deZdjk%
lfUrA** rnk ".kewfrZ% vonr~&^^fe=k! eekfi v"VkS
deZdjk% lfUrA rs p }kS iknkS] }kS gLrkS] }s us=ks]
LokoyEcue~
}s Jks=ks bfrA ,rs izfr{k.ka ee lgk;dk%A fdUrq ro Hk`R;k% lnSo loZ=k p

mifLFkrk% Hkforqa u 'kDuqofUrA Roa rq Lodk;kZ; Hk`R;kkhu%A ;nk ;nk rs vuqifLFkrk%]
rnk rnk Roa d"Ve~ vuqHkoflA LokoyEcus rq loZnk lq[keso] u dnkfi d"Va
HkofrA**
Jhd.B% vonr~&^^fe=k! ro opukfu JqRok ee eufl egrh izlUurk
tkrkA v/q u k vgefi Lodk;kZ f .k Lo;es o drZ q e ~ bPNkfeA** Hkorq ]
lk/Z}kn'koknufene~A lkEra x`ga pykfeA
'kCnkFkkZ%
le`%
pRokfja'kr~
v"Vkn'k
izdks"Bs"kq
ipk'kr~
xok{kk%
prq'pRokfja'kr~
"kV~f=ka'kr~
"kdnEirh
vkfrF;e~
deZdj%
Hkorke~
Hk`R;%
'kDuqofUr
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
/uh
pkyhl
vBkjg
dejksa esa
ipkl
f[kM+fd;k
pokyhl
Nkhl
fdlku ifr&iRuh
vfrfFk&lRdkj
dke djus okyk
vkiosQ
ukSdj@lsod
ldrs gSa
rich
forty
eighteen
in the rooms
fifty
windows
fortyfour
thirtysix
farmer couple
respecting guests
worker
yours
servant
able to do
13
lk/Z}kn'koknue~ &
lkEre~
&
lk<+s ckjg cts

vHkhs
half past twelve

now
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
foa'kfr%
f=ka'kr~
pRokfja'kr~
}kfoa'kfr%
}kf=ka'kr~
f}pRokfja'kr~
prqfo'kfr%
=k;fL=ka'kr~
=k;'pRokfja'kr~
ipfoa'kfr%
prqfL=ka'kr~
prq'pRokfja'kr~
v"Vkfoa'kfr%
v"Vkf=ka'kr~
lIrpRokfja'kr~
uofoa'kfr%
uof=ka'kr~
ipk'kr~
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukukeqkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) dL; Hkous loZfo/kfu lq[klk/ukfu vklu~\
([k) dL; x`gs dksfi Hk`R;% ukfLr\
(x) Jhd.BL; vkfrF;e~ osQ vdqouZ \~
(?k) loZnk oqQ=k lq[ke~\
() Jhd.B% ".kewr%Zs x`ga dnk vxPNr~\
(p) ".kewr%Zs dfr deZdjk% lfUr\
14
LokoyEcue~
3- fp=kkf.k x.kf;Rok rnxzs la[;kokpd'kCna fy[kr&
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
--------------------------------
4- etw"kkr% vkuka rs inkfu fpuqr&

pRokfja'kr~ lIrfoa'kfr% ,df=ka'kr~ ipk'kr~ v"Vkfoa'kfr% f=ka'kr~ prqfo'kfr%
28 --------------------------
27
--------------------------
30 --------------------------
31
--------------------------
15
24 --------------------------
40
--------------------------
50 -------------------------5- fp=ka n`"V~ok etw"kkr% inkfu p iz;Tq ; okD;kfu jp;r&
"kdk%
,rkS
"kdkS
{ks=ke~
,rs
d"kZfr
/kU;e~
oqQ#r%
,"k%
[kuudk;Ze~
"kd%
jksi;fUr
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6- v/ksfyf[krku~ le;okpdku~ vVku~ ins"kq fy[kr&

;Fkk& 10-30
7-00
2-30
11-00
4-30
1-30
16
lk/Z}kn'koknue~
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5-00
3-30
9-00
12-30
8-00
7-30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LokoyEcue~
7-
etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

"kM~
f=ka'kr~
,df=ka'kr~
}kS
}kn'k
v"Vkfoa'kfr%
(d) ----------------- ro% HkofUrA

([k) eklk% ----------------- HkofUrA
(x) ,dfLeu~ ekls ----------------- vFkok ----------------- fnolk% HkofUrA
(?k) iQjojh&ekls lkekU;r% ----------------- fnukfu HkofUrA
() ee 'kjhjs ----------------- gLrkS Lr%A
;krO;e~
'kdlEoRljkuqlkja eklkuka rwuka p ukekfu&
1- pS=k%
7-
vkf'ou%
4- 'kjn~
1- olUr%
2- oS'kk[k%
8-
dkfrZd%
3- T;s"B%
9-
ekxZ'kh"kZ%
5- gseUr%
2- xzh"e%
4- vk"kk<%
10- ikS"k%
5- Jko.k%
11- ek?k%
6- f'kf'kj%
3- o"kkZ
6- Hkknzin%
12- iQkYxqu%
17
prqFkZ% ikB%
gkL;ckydfolEesyue~
vO;;iz;ksx%
(fofo/&os'kHkw"kk/kfj.k% pRokj% ckydo;% epL; mifj mifo"Vk% lfUrA
v/% Jksrkj% gkL;dforkJo.kk; mRlqdk% lfUr dksykgya p oqQoZfUr)
lpkyd% & vya dksykgysuA v| ija g"kZL; volj% ;r~ vfLeu~ dfolEesyus
dkO;gUrkj% dky;kidk'p HkkjrL; gkL;dfo/qjU/jk% lekxrk%
lfUrA ,fg] djryofuuk o;e~ ,rs"kka Lokxra oqQeZ%A
xtk/j%
& losHZ ;ksjflosQH;ks ueks ue%A izFkea rkon~ vge~ vk/qfuda oS|e~
gkL;ckydfolEesyue~
mf'; Lodh;a dkO;a Jko;kfe&

oS|jkt!
ueLrqH;a
;ejktlgksnj A
;eLrq gjfr izk.kku~ oS|% izk.kku~ /ukfu p AA
(losZ mPpS% glfUr)
dkykUrd% & vjs! oS|kLrq loZ=k ijUrq u rs ekn`'kk% oqQ'kyk% tula[;kfuokj.ksA
eekfi dkO;e~ bna k .` oUrq HkoUr%&
fprka izTofyrka n`"V~ok oS|ks foLe;ekxr% A
ukga xrks u es Hkzkrk dL;sna gLryk?koe~ AA
(losZ iqu% glfUr)
rqfUny%
& (rqUnL; mifj gLre~ vkorZ;u~) rqfUnyksga Hkks%A eekfi bna

dkO;a Jw;rke~] thous /k;Zrka p&
ijka izkI; nqc
Zq !s ek 'kjhjs n;ka oqQ# A
ijka nqyZHka yksoQs 'kjhjkf.k iqu% iqu% AA
(losZ iqu% vV~Vgkla oqQoZfUr)
pkokZd%
Jksrkj%
pkokZd%
& vke~] vke~A 'kjhjL; iks"k.ka loZFkk mfpresoA ;fn /ua ukfLr]
rnk .ka Rokfi ikSf"Vd% inkFkZ% ,o HkksDrO;%A rFkk dFk;fr
pkokZddfo%&
;koTthosr~ lq[ka thosn~ .ka Rok ?k`ra ficsrA~
& rfgZ .kL; R;iZ.ka dFke~\
& Jw;rka ee vof'k"Va dkO;e~&
?k`ra ihRok Jea Rok .ka izR;iZ;rs ~ tu% AA
(dkO;ikBJo.ksu mRizfs jr% ,d% ckydksfi vk'kqdforka jp;fr]
gkliwooZ Qa p Jko;fr )
19
ckyd%
&
Jw;rke~] Jw;rka Hkks%! eekfi dkO;e~&

xtk/ja dfoa pSo rqfUnya HkksT;yksyqie~ A
dkykUrda rFkk oS|a pkokZoQa p uekE;ge~ AA
(dkO;a Jkof;Rok ^gk gk gk* bfr Rok glfrA vU;s pkfi glfUrA
losZ x`ga xPNfUrA)
'kCnkFkkZ%
v/%
&
uhps
downwards
dksykgye~
&
'kksj
noise
dkO;gUrkj%
&
dkO; dks u"V djus okys
destroyers of poetry
dky;kidk%
&
le; cCkkZn djus okys
whiling away the time
/qjU/jk%
&
vxz.kh] Js"B
the best
,fg
&
vk;sa] vkb,
please come
djryofuuk
&
rkfy;ksa ls
with clapping sounds
vjflosQH;%
&
uhjl tuksa dks
to the disinterested
(persons)
Lodh;e~
&
vius
own
ekn`'kk%
&
esjs tSls
like me
gLryk?koe~
&
gkFk dh liQkbZ
hand's work
rqUnL;
&
rksan osQ
enlarged belly
vkorZ;u~
&
isQjrk gqvk
putting hands all over
20
gkL;ckydfolEesyue~
kk;Zrke~
&
/kj.k djsa
please bear
ijke~
&
nwljksa osQ vUu dks
other's food
ikSf"Vd%
&
iqf"V nsus okyk
nourishing
R;iZ.ke~
&
ykSVkuk
repaying
vof'k"Ve~
&
cpk gqvk] 'ks"k
remaining
mRsfjr%
&
sfjr gksdj
being inspired
tulagkjde~
&
turk dk uk'kd
destroyer of poeple
Jko;fr
&
lqukrk gS
recites
HkksT;yksyqie~
&
[kkus dk yksHkh
greedy for food
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
mifj
v/%
mPpS%
uhpS%
cfg%
vye~
dnkfi
vUr%
iqu%
oqQ=k
dnk
,dnk
21
2- etw"kkr% vO;;inkfu fpRok okD;kfu iwj;r&

vye~
vUr%
cfg%
v/%
mifj
(d) o`{kL; ----------------- [kxk% olfUrA

([k) ----------------- fooknsuA
(x) o"kkZdkys x`gkr~ ----------------- ek xPNA
(?k) epL; ----------------- Jksrkj% mifo"Vk% lfUrA
() Nk=kk% fo|ky;L; ----------------- izfo'kfUrA
3- v'kqa ina fpuqr&
(d) xefUr] ;PNfUr] i`PNfUr] /kofUrA
----------------------
([k) jkes.k] x`g.s k] lis.Z k] xts.kA
----------------------
(x) yr;k] lqfiz;k] je;k] fu'k;kA
----------------------
(?k) yrs] jes] ekrs] fiz;As
----------------------
() fy[kfr] xtZfr] iQyfr] lsofrA
----------------------
4- etw"kkr% lekukFkZdinkfu fpRok fy[kr&

izlrk;k%
22
fpfdRlde~
izkI;
-----------------
oqQ'kyk%
-----------------
g"kZL;
-----------------
nsgL;
-----------------
oS|e~
-----------------
yCok
'kjhjL;
n{kk%
gkL;ckydfolEesyue~
5-
v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[kr&
(d) eps dfr ckydo;% mifo"Vk% lfUr\

([k) osQ dksykgya oqQoZfUr\
(x) xtk/j% de~ mf'; dkO;a izLrkSfr\
(?k) rqfUny% dL; mifj gLre~ vkokZ;fr\
() yksoQs iqu% iqu% dkfu HkofUr\
(p) foaQ Rok ?k`ra ficsr\~
6-
etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok dFkk;k% iwfr oqqQ#r&
ukfldk;keso
O;tusu
okjaokje~
mikfo'kr~
[kM~xus
fNUuk
nwje~
lqIr%
fe=krk
fiz;%
ef{kdk
iqjk ,dL; uìL; ,d% ------------------- okuj% vklhr~A ,dnk uì% ---------------- vklhr~A
okuj% ----------------- re~ voht;r~A rnSo ,dk
-------------- uìL; ukfldk;ke~ ---------------A ;|fi
okuj% --------------------O;tusu rka fuokj;fr Le
rFkkfi lk iqu% iqu% uìL; ---------------------mifo'kfr LeA vUrs l% ef{kdka gUra q
----------------- izgkje~ vdjksrA~ ef{kdk rq mM~Mh; --------------- xrk] fdUrq [kM~xizgkjs.k uìL;
ukfldk ------------ vHkor~A vr ,oksP;rs& ^êw[kZtuS% lg -------------- uksfprkA**
23
7-
foykseinkfu ;kst;r&
v/%
uhpS%
vUr%
lqyHke~
nqc
Zq !s
mifj
mPpS%
cfg%
nqyHZ ke~
lqc
q !s
;krO;e~
vfLeu~ ikBs v/%] vUr%] cfg%] uhpS%] iqu% bR;knhfu vO;;inkfu
lfUrA ,"kka f=k"kq fys "kq ] f=k"kq opus"kq lokZlq foHkfDr"kq p ,deso
:ia Hkofr] fodkjks u tk;rsA
mDrp&
ln`'ka f=k"kq fys "kq q lokZlq p foHkfDr"kq A
opus"kq p los"Z kq ; O;sfr rnO;;e~ AA
24
ipe% ikB%
if.Mrk jekckbZ
L=khf'k{kk{ks=ks vxzx.;k if.Mrk jekckbZ 1858 res f[k"z VkCns
tUe vyHkrA rL;k% firk vuUr'kkL=kh Mksxa js ekrk p
y{ehckbZ vkLrke~A rfLeu~ dkys L=khf'k{kk;k% fLFkfr%
fpUruh;k vklhr~A L=kh.kka rs laLrf'k{k.ka izk;% izpfyra
uklhr~A fdUrq Mksxa js :f<cka kkj.kka ifjR;T; LoiRuha
LkaLre;ki;r~A ,rnFk l% lektL; izrkj.kke~ vfi
vlgrA vuUrja jek vfi Loekrq% laLrf'k{kka izkIrorhA
dkyes.k jek;k% firk foi% ltkr%A rL;k% firjkS T;s"Bk Hkfxuh p
nqfHkZ{kihfMrk% fnor k%A rnuUrja jek Lo&T;s"BHkzk=kk lg in~H;ka lexza Hkkjre~
vHkzer~A Hkze.kes lk dksydkrka izkIrkA laLroSn"q ;s.k lk r=k îf.Mrk* ^ljLorh*
psfr mikfkH;ka foHkwf"krkA r=kSo lk czlektsu izHkkfork osnk;;ue~ vdjksrA~
i'pkr~ lk L=kh.kka rs osnknhuka 'kkL=kk.kka f'k{kk;S vkUnksyua izkjC/orhA
1880 res f[k"z VkCns lk fofiufcgkjhnklsu lg ckdhiqj&U;k;ky;s fookge~
vdjksrA~ lk/Sd
Z o"kkZr~ vuUrja rL;k% ifr% fnor %A
rnuUrja lk iq=;k euksje;k lg tUeHkwfea egkjk"Va izR;kxPNr~A ukjh.kka
lEekuk; f'k{kk;S p lk Lodh;a thoue~ vfiZrorhA g.Vj&f'k{kk&vk;ksxL;
le{ka ukjhf'k{kkfo"k;s lk Loera izLrqrorhA lk mPpf'k{kkFkZe~ baXyS.Mns'ka xrorhA
r=k bZlkbZ/eZL; L=khfo"k;oSQ% mkefopkjS% izHkkfork tkrkA
baXyS.Mns'kkr~ jekckbZ vejhdkns'ke~ vxPNr~A r=k lk HkkjrL; fokokL=kh.kka

lgk;rkFkZe~ vFkZlp;e~ vdjksrA~ Hkkjra izR;kxR; eqEcbZuxjs lk ^'kkjnk&lnue~*
vLFkki;r~A vfLeu~ vkJes fuLlgk;k% fL=k;% fuolfUr LeA r=k fL=k;%
eqn.z k&V. k& dk"Bdyknhukp
izf'k{k.kefi yHkUrs LeA ije~
bna lnua iq.ksuxjs LFkkukUrfjra
tkre~A rr% iq.ksuxjL; lehis
osQMxko& LFkkus êqfDrfe'ku*
uke laLFkkua r;k LFkkfire~A
v=k v/quk vfi fujkfJrk%
fL=k;% llEekua thoua
;ki;fUrA
1922 res f[k"z VkCns jekckbZ&egksn;k;k% fu/ue~ vHkor~A lk ns'k&fons'kkuke~
vusdklq Hkk"kklq fuiq.kk vklhr~A lektlsok;k% vfrfjDra ys[ku{ks=ks vfi rL;k%
egoiw.kZe~ vonkue~ vfLrA ^L=kh/eZuhfr* ^gkbZ dkLV fgUnw foesu* bfr rL;k%
izfla jpuk};a orZrAs
'kCnkFkkZ%
ifjR;T;
&
NksM+dj
giving up
v;ki;r~
&
i<+k;k
taught
izrkj.kke~
&
rkM+uk
torture
vlgr
&
lgu fd;k
endured
26
if.Mrk jekckbZ
Loekrq%
&
viuh ekrk ls
from her own mother
foi%
&
fu/Zu
poor
nqfHkZ{kihfMrk%
&
vdky ihfM+r
victims of famine
fnork%
&
e`R;q dks izkIr gks x,
died
mikf/H;ke~
&
mikf/;ksa ls
with honourary titles
izkjC/orh
&
vkjEHk fd;k
initiated
lk/Sd
Z o"kkZr~
&
Ms<+ o"kZ
one and half year
izR;kxPNr~
&
ykSV vkbZ
returned
vFkZlp;e~
&
/u lp;
accumulation of wealth
izR;kxR;
&
ykSVdj
returning
eqnz.ke~
&
NikbZ
printing
V.ke~
&
V.k
typing
fujkfJrk%
&
cslgkjk
helpless
;ki;fUr
&
fcrkrs@fcrkrh gSa
spend
vonkue~
&
;ksxnku
contribution
(izfr$vkxPNr~)
(izfr$vkxR;)
(fuj~$vkfJrk%)
27
vH;kl%
1-
,dinsu mkjr&
(d) îf.Mrk* ^ljLorh* bfr mikf/H;ka dk foHkwf"krk\

([k) jek oqQr% laLrf'k{kka izkIrorh\
(x) jekckbZ osQu lg fookge~ vdjksr\~
(?k) dklka f'k{kk;S jekckbZ Lodh;a thoue~ vfiZrorh\
() jekckbZ mPpf'k{kkFk oqQ=k vxPNr~\
2-
js[kkfrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) jek;k% firk lektL; izrkj.kke~ vlgrA

([k) iR;q% ej.kkuUrja jekckbZ egkjk"Va izR;kxPNr~A
(x) jekckbZ eqEcbZuxjs ^'kkjnk&lnue~* vLFkki;r~A
(?k) 1922 res f"VkCns jekckbZ&egksn;k;k% fu/ue~ vHkor~A
() fL=k;% f'k{kka yHkUrs LeA
3-
iz'ukukeqkjkf.k fy[kr&
(d) jekckbZ fdeFkZe~ vkUnksyua izkjC/orh\

([k) fu%lgk;k% fL=k;% vkJes d yHkUrs Le\
(x) dfLeu~ fo"k;s jekckbZ&egksn;k;k% ;ksxnkue~ vfLr\
(?k) osQu jpuk};su jekckbZ iz'kaflrk orZr\s
28
if.Mrk jekckbZ
4-
v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka funsZ'kkuqlkja inifjp;a fy[kr&
inkfu
;Fkk& osnkuke~
firk
f'k{kk;S
dU;k%
ukjh.kke~
euksje;k
5-
osn
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
fye ~
iqf Yye ~
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
foHkfDr%
opue~
"k"Bh
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
cgqopue~
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
v/ksfyf[krkuka /krwuka ydkja iq#"ka opup fy[kr&
;Fkk& vklhr~
oqQoZfUr
vkxPNr~
fuolfUr
xfe";fr
vdjksr~
6-
ewy'kCn%
/krq%
vl~
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ydkj%
y~
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
opue~
,dopue~
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu ?kVukekuqlkja fy[kr&
(d) jekckbZ&egksn;k;k% fofiufcgkjhnklsu lg fookg% vHkor~A

([k) 1858 res f"VkCns jekckbZ tUe vyHkrA
(x) lk mPpf'k{kkFkZe~ baXyS.Mns'ka xrorhA
(?k) 1922 res f"VkCnss jekckbZ&egksn;k;k% fu/ue~ vHkor~A
() lk eqEcbZuxjs 'kkjnk&lnue~ vLFkki;r~A
(p) lk Loekrq% laLrf'k{kka izkIrorhA
29
"k"B% ikB%
lnkpkj%
;fLeu~ ns'ks ; vkpkj% ikjEi;Zekxr% A
o.kkZuka lkUrjkykuka l lnkpkj mP;rs AA1AA
'o% dk;Ze| oqQohZr iwokZs pkijkfde~ A
ufg rh{krs e`R;q% reL; u ok re~ AA2AA
lR;a cz;w kr~ fiz;a cz;w kr~ u cz;w kr~ lR;efiz;e~ A
fiz;a p uku`ra cz;w kr~ ,"k /eZ% lukru% AA3AA
loZnk O;ogkjs L;kr~ vkSnk; lR;rk rFkk A
tqrk e`nrq k pkfi dkSfVY;a u dnkpu AA4AA
Js"Ba tua xq#a pkfi ekrja firja rFkk A
eulk deZ.kk okpk lsors lrra lnk AA5AA
fe=ks.k dyga Rok u dnkfi lq[kh tu% A
bfr KkRok iz;klsu rnso ifjotZ;sr~ AA6AA
lnkpkj%
'kCnkFkkZ%
vkpkj%
&
O;ogkj
conduct
ikjEi;Zekxr% &
ijEijke ls vk;k gqvk@izkIr traditional
o.kkZuke~
&
o.kks dk
of castes
lkUrjkykuke~
&
o.kks osQ e; vk;s
of sub-castes
mio.kks dk
'o%
&
vkus okyk dy
tomorrow
oqQohZr
&
djuk pkfg,
should do
iwokZs
&
nksigj ls igys
in the forenoon
vkijkfde~
&
nksigj osQ ckn djus

;ksX; dk;Z
work to be done in the

afternoon
vu`re~
&
>wB
lie
lukru%
&
lnk ls pyk vk jgk gks
eternal
L;kr~
&
gks
should be
vkSnk;Ze~
&
mnkjrk
generosity
tqrk
&
ljyrk
simplicity
e`nrq k
&
dkseyrk
softness
dkSfVY;e~
&
oqQfVyrk] Vs<k+ iu
wickedness
lsors
&
lsok djuh pkfg,
should serve
ifjotZ;rs ~
&
cpuk pkfg,
should avoid
okpk
&
ok.kh ls
by speech
31
vH;kl%
1-
lokZu~ 'yksdku~ lLoja xk;rA
2-
mi;qDrdFkukuka le{ke~ ^vke~* vuqi;qDrdFkukuka le{ka û* bfr fy[kr&
(d) izkr% dkys bZ'oja LejsrA~

([k) vu`ra cz;w kr~A
(x) eulk Js"Btua lsors A
(?k) fe=ks.k dyga Rok tu% lq[kh HkofrA
() 'o% dk;Ze~ v| oqQohZrA
3-
,dinsu mkjr&
(d) d% u rh{krs\
([k) loZnk O;ogkjs L;kr~\
(x) d cz;w kr~\
(?k) osQu lg dyga Rok uj% lq[kh u Hkosr\~
4-
js[kkfrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&

(d) e`R;q% u rh{krsA
([k) dyga Rok uj% nq%[kh HkofrA

(x) firja deZ.kk lsors A
(?k) O;ogkjs e`nrq k Js;lhA
() loZnk O;ogkjs tqrk fo/s;kA
32
lnkpkj%
eulk
ekrja
firja
p
iz'ue;s =khf.k f;kinkfu lfUrA rkfu iz;qT; lkFkZd&okD;kfu jp;r
a
a fiz;
r
`
u
v
p u
5-
lR;a
cz;w kr~
lsors
L;kr~
okp
fiz;a
u
z;a p
~ vfi
lR;e
O;o
g
k
j
s lo
Znk
v
kSnk;
Js"B
O;og
kjs d
n
k
p
u
dkSfVY
k xq#
a
tua
deZ.
kk
;a u
6-
(d) ------------------------------------------------A
([k) ------------------------------------------------A
(x) ------------------------------------------------A
(?k) ------------------------------------------------A
() ------------------------------------------------A
(p) ------------------------------------------------A
(N) ------------------------------------------------A
(t) ------------------------------------------------A
etw"kkr% vO;;inkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

rFkk
dnkpu
lnk
vfi
(d) HkDr% --------------- bZ'oja LejfrA

([k) vlR;a --------------- oDrO;e~A
33
(x) fiz;a --------------- lR;a onsrA~

(?k) yrk es/k --------------- fo|ky;a xPNr%A
() --------------- oqQ'kyh Hkoku~\
(p) egkRekxkU/h --------------- vglka u vR;tr~A
7-
fp=ka n`"V~ok etw"kkr% inkfu p iz;qT; okD;kfu jp;r&
fy[kfr
f'k{kd%
d{kk;ke~
Nk=kk%
';kei^s
mkjkf.k
fy[kfUr
iz'ue~
l%
rs
iqfLrdk;ke~
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
34
lIre% ikB%
/krqi;z ksx%
(ikoZrh f'koa ifr:is.k vokNr~A ,rnFk lk riL;ka drqZe~ ,sPNr~A lk Lodh;a euksjFka
ek=ks U;osn;r~A rr~ JqRok ekrk esuk fpUrkoqQyk vHkor~A)
esuk
& oRls! euhf"krk nsork% x`gs ,o lfUrA ri% dfBua HkofrA ro 'kjhja
lqdkseya orZrsA x`gs ,o olA v=kSo rokfHkyk"k% liQy% Hkfo";frA
ikoZrh & vEc! rkn`'k% vfHkyk"k% rq rilk ,o iw.kZ% Hkfo";frA vU;Fkk rkn`'ka
p ifra dFka kIL;kfeA vga ri% ,o pfj";kfe bfr ee lVYi%A
esuk & iqf=k! Roeso es thoukfHkyk"k%A
ikoZrh & lR;e~A ija ee eu% y{;a kIrqe~ vkoqQfyra orZrsA flfa kI; iqu%
roSo 'kj.ke~ vkxfe";kfeA v|So fot;;k lkoaQ xkSjhf'k[kja xPNkfeA
(rr% ikoZrh fu"ozQkefr)
(ikoZrh eulk oplk deZ.kk p ri% ,o rifr LeA dnkfpn~ jk=kkS LFkf.Mys] dnkfpPp
f'kyk;ka Lofifr LeA ,dnk fot;k vonr~A)
fot;k & lf[k! ri%Hkkokr~ fgalzi'koksfi ro l[kk;% tkrk%A ipkfXu&ozrefi

Roe~ vri%A iqujfi ro vfHkyk"k% u iw.kZ% vHkor~A
ikoZrh & vf; fot;s! fda u tkukfl\ euLoh dnkfi /S; u ifjR;tfrA vfi
p euksjFkkuke~ vxfr% ukfLrA
fot;k & Roa osne~ v/hrorhA ;Ka lEikfnrorhA ri%dkj.kkr~ txfr ro flf%A
^vi.kkZ* bfr ukEuk vfi Roa fFkrkA iqujfi ril% iQya uSo n`';rsA
ikoZrh & vf; vkrqjn;s! dFka Roa fpfUrrk ---------A

(usiF;s&vf; Hkks! vge~ vkJeoVq%A tya okNkfeA)
(llEHkzee~) fot;s! i'; dksfi oVq% vkxrksfLrA

(fot;k >fVfr vxPNr~] lglSo oVq:i/kjh f'ko% r=k kfo'kr~)
fot;k & oVks! Lokxra rsA mifo'krq Hkoku~A b;a es l[kh ikoZrhA f'koa kIrqe~ v=k
ri% djksfrA
oVq%
& gs rifLofu! foaQ f;kFk iwtksidj.ka orZrs] LukukFk tya lqyHke~]

HkkstukFk iQya orZrs\ Roa rq tkukfl ,o 'kjhjek|a [kyq /eZlk/ue~A
(ikoZrh rw".kha fr"Bfr)
oVq%
& gs rifLofu! fdeFk ri% rifl\ f'kok;\

(ikoZrh iqu% rw".kha fr"Bfr)
fot;k & (vkoqQyhHkw;) vke~] rLeS ,o ri% rifrA

(oVq:i/kjh f'ko% lglSo mPpS% miglfr)
oVq%
& vf; ikoZfr! lR;eso Roa f'koa ifre~ bPNfl\ (miglu~) ukEuk
36
l-Yi% flfnk;d%
f'ko% vU;Fkk vf'ko%A 'e'kkus olfrA ;L; =khf.k us=kkf.k] olua

O;k?kzpeZ] vXjkx% fprkHkLe] ifjtuk'p Hkwrx.kk%A foaQ reso f'koa
ifre~ bPNfl\
ikoZrh & (ozqQk lrh) vjs okpky! viljA txfr u dksfi f'koL; ;FkkFk
Lo:ia tkukfrA ;Fkk Roefl rFkSo onflA
(fot;ka fr) lf[k! pyA ;% fuUnka djksfr l% rq ikiHkkx~ Hkofr
,o] ;% 'k`.kksfr lksfi ikiHkkx~ HkofrA
(ikoZrh nzqrxR;k fu"kefrA rnSo i`"Br% oVks% :ia ifjR;T; f'ko% rL;k%
gLra x`kfrA ikoZrh yTt;k dEirs)
f'ko% & ikoZfr! hrksfLe ro lVYisuA v|Hk`fr vga ro riksfHk%

hrnklksfLeA
(fourkuuk ikoZrh foglfr)
37
'kCnkFkkZ%
ifr osQ :i esa
as husband
,rnFkZe~ (,rn~$vFkZe)~ &
blosQ fy;s
for this
vokNr~
&
pkgrh Fkh
desired
ek=ks
&
ekrk ls
to mother
fpUrkoqQyk
&
fpUrk ls ijs'kku
perturbed by anxiety
euhf"krk
&
pkgk x;k] bfPNr
desired
rkn`'k%
&
oSlk
like
vfHkyk"k%
&
bPNk
desire
rilk
&
riL;k ls
by penance
kIL;kfe
&
kIr d:xh
will get
thoukfHkyk"k%
(thou$vfHkyk"k%)
&
thou dh pkg
life's desire
vkoqQfyre~
&
ijs'kku
desperate
lkde~
&
lkFk
with
fu"kefr
&
fudy tkrh gS
goes out, exits
eulk
&
eu ls
by heart/ mind
oplk
&
opu ls
by word
deZ.kk
&
deZ ls
by act
rifr Le
&
riL;k djrh Fkh
performed penance
LFkf.Mys
&
uaxh Hkwfe ij
on barren field
ifr:is.k
38
&
l-Yi% flfnk;d%
f'kyk;ke~
&
p^ku ij
on rock
LOkfifr Le
&
lksrh Fkh
slept (took rest)
ri%Hkkokr~
&
riL;k osQ Hkko ls
because of penance
vri%
&
riL;k dh
performed penance
vxfr%
&
xfrghurk
absence of movement
v/hrorh
&
i<+ yh
studied
lEikfnrorh
&
lEiUu fd;k
performed
fFkrk
&
fl gks x;h
became famous
vkrqjn;s
&
gs O;koqQy n;okyh
agitated one
usiF;s
vkJeoVq%
&
&
ijns osQ ihNs ls

vkJe dk czpkjh
from backstage
pupil from hermitage
>fVfr
&
tYnh ls
quickly
f;kFkZe~
&
ri osQ fy;s
for penance
iwtksidj.ke~
(iwtk$midj.ke~)
&
iwtk dh lkexzh
means for worship
lqyHke~
&
vklkuh ls kIr
easily available
/eZlk/ue~
&
/eZ dk lk/u
means of religious work
rw".khe~
&
pqi
silent
vkoqQyhHkw;
&
ijs'kku gksdj
being disturbed
miglfr
&
migkl djrk gS
makes fun
vU;Fkk
&
vU; dkj ls
otherwise
39
'e'kkus
&
'e'kku esa
in the cremation
ground
vXjkx%
&
vXysi
anointment
ifjtuk%
&
fe=k x.k
friends
Hkwrx.kk%
&
Hkwrksa dh Vksyh
hosts of ghosts
okpky
&
cM+cksyk
babbler
vilj
&
nwj gV
keep away
;FkkFkZe~
&
okLrfod
true/real
ikiHkkx~
&
ikih
sinful
i`"Br%
&
ihNs ls
from behind
ifjR;T;
&
NksM+dj
after leaving
dEirs
&
dkirh gS
trembles
hr%
&
lUu
pleased
lVYisu
&
lVYi ls
with firm desire
v|Hk`f` r
&
vkt ls
from today
hrnkl%
&
[kjhnk gqvk ukSdj
a slave
fourkuuk
&
uhps dh vksj eqg

dh gqbZ
eqLoqQjkrh gS
keeping downward
foglfr
40
&
face
smiles
l-Yi% flfnk;d%
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
vHkor~
vdFk;r~
vxPNr~
U;osn;r~
viwt;r~
Lofifr
rifr
izkfo'kr~
vonr~
onfr Le
olfr Le
j{kfr Le
onfr
pjfr Le
djksfr Le
xPNfr Le
vdjksr~
iBfr Le
2- mnkgj.ke~ vuqlR` ; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) ,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
;Fkk& olfr Le
olr% Le
----------------j{kr% Le
-----------------
olfUr Le
-------------------------------------------------
-----------------
oqQoZfUr Le
iwt;fr Le
----------------pjfr Le
----------------([k) iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
;Fkk& izFkeiq#"k%
vdFk;rke~
vdFk;u~
izFkeiq#"k%
vdFk;r~
-----------------
izFkeiq#"k%
vj{kr~
viwt;rke~
-----------------
viwt;u~
-----------------
41
(x) iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
;Fkk& e;eiq#"k%
volre~
e;eiq#"k%
vol%
-----------------
e;eiq#"k%
-----------------
viwt;re~
-----------------
volr
-----------------
(?k) iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
;Fkk& mkeiq#"k%
viBe~
viBko
-----------------
viBke
-----------------
vjp;ko
-----------------
mkeiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
vfy[ke~
-----------------
vpjr
3- iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[kr&

(d) ri%Hkkokr~ osQ l[kk;% tkrk%\
([k) ikoZrh riL;kFk oqQ=k vxPNr~\
(x) d% 'e'kkus olfr\
(?k) f'kofuUnka JqRok dk ozQq k tkrk\
() oVq:is.k riksoua d% izkfo'kr~\
4- d%@dk oaQ@dka izfr dFk;fr&
d%@dk
de~@dke~
;Fkk& oRls! ri% dfBua Hkofr\

(d) vga ri% ,o pfj";kfeA
([k) euLoh dnkfi /S; u ifjR;tfrA
(x) vi.kkZ bfr ukEuk Roa fFkrkA
(?k) ikoZfr! izhrksfLe ro lVYisuA
() 'kjhjek|a [kyq /eZlk/ue~A
ekrk
ikoZrhe~
-------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------
(p) vga ro hrnklksfLeA
-------------
-------------
42
l-Yi% flfnk;d%
5- iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) ikoZrh ozQq k lrh fde~ vonr~\
([k) d% ikiHkkx~ Hkofr\
(x) ikoZrh d dkZeq ~ ,sPNr~\
(?k) ikoZrh d;k lkoaQ xkSjhf'k[kja xPNfr\
6- etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok lekukFkZdkfu inkfu fy[kr&
ekrk
ekSue~
Lrjs
tUro%
f'kyk;ka
-----------------
i'ko%
-----------------
vEck
-----------------
us=kkf.k
-----------------
rw".khe~
-----------------
u;ukfu
7- mnkgj.kkuqlkja injpuka oqQ#r&

;Fkk &olfr Le
(d) i';fr Le
volr~
---------------------
([k) rifr Le
---------------------
(x) fpUr;fr Le
---------------------
(?k) onfr Le
---------------------
() xPNfr Le
---------------------
43
;Fkk& vfy[kr~
(d) -----------------
fy[kfr LeA
dFk;fr LeA
([k) ----------------(x) -----------------
u;fr LeA
iBfr LeA
(?k) ----------------() -----------------
/kofr LeA
glfr LeA
;krO;e~
^Le* bR;L; iz;ksx%A
;nk orZekudkfyoSQ% /krqfHk% lg ^Le* bR;L; iz;ksx% Hkofr rnk rs
/kro% Hkwrdkfydf;k.kke~ vFk izdV;fUrA
;Fkk& iBfr Le
xPNfr Le
&
i<+rk FkkA
&
tkrk FkkA
ipkfXuozre~ & prl`"kq fn{kq vfXue~ vk/k; lw;LZ ; fufuZe"s kn'kZua

ipkfXuozre~A
vi.kkZ
& riL;kes i.kkZukefi Hk{k.ka ikoZrh R;Drorh vr%

lk vi.kkZ ukEuk flkA
44
v"Ve% ikB%
f=o.kZ% ot%
(osQpu ckydk% dk'pu ckfydk'p LorU=krk&fnolL; otkjksg.klekjksgs lksRlkga xPNUr%
ijLija layifUrA)
nso's k% & v| LorU=krk&fnol%A vLekoaQ fo|ky;L; izkpk;Z% otkjksg.ka

dfj";frA Nk=kk'p lkaLfrddk;Zeku~ izLrks";fUrA vUrs p eksndkfu
fefy";fUrA
MsfoM% & 'kq p s ! tkukfl Roe~ \
vLekoaQ ot% dhn`'k%\
'kqfp% & vLekoaQ ns'kL; ot%
f=ko.kZ% bfrA
lyhe% & #ps! v;a f=ko.kZ% dFke~\
#fp% & vfLeu~ ots =k;% o.kkZ%
lfUr] vr% f=ko.kZ%A d
Roe~ ,rs"kka o.kkZuka ukekfu
tkukfl\
lyhe% & vjs! osQ'kjo.kZ%] 'osr%] gfjr% p ,rs =k;% o.kkZ%A
nso's k% & vLekoaQ ots ,rs =k;% o.kkZ% foaQ lwp;fUr\
lyhe% & 'k`.kq] osQ'kjo.kZ% 'kkS;LZ ;] 'osr% lR;L;] gfjr'p le`%s lwpdk%
lfUrA
'kqfp% & fde~ ,rs"kka o.kkZuke~ vU;nfi egoe~\
MsfoM% & vke~! dFka u\ otL; mifj fLFkr% osQ'kjo.kZ% R;kxL; mRlkgL;
p lwpd%A e;s fLFkr% 'osro.kZ% lkfodrk;k% 'kqfprk;k% p |ksrd%A
vk% fLFkr% gfjro.kZ% olqU/jk;k% lq"kek;k% moZjrk;k'p |ksrd%A
rsftUnj% & 'kqp!s otL; e;s ,oaQ uhyo.k poaQz orZr\s
'kqfp% & vke~ vke~A bne~ v'kksdpozQa dF;rsA ,rr~ xrs% U;k;L; p orZde~A
lkjukFks v'kksdLrEHk% vfLrA rLekr~ ,o ,rr~ x`ghre~A
iz.ko% & vfLeu~ posQz prqfo'kfr% vjk% lfUrA
esjh
& HkkjrL; lafo/kulHkk;ka 22 tqykbZ 1947 res o"ksZ lexzr;k vL;
otL; Lohdj.ka tkre~\
rsftUnj% & vLekoaQ f=ko.kZ% ot% Lok/hur;k% jk"VxkSjoL; p rhd%A vr
,o LorU=krkfnols x.krU=kfnols p vL; otL; mkksyua lekjksgiwooZ Qa
HkofrA
t;rq f=ko.kZ% ot%] t;rq Hkkjre~A
'kCnkFkkZ%
f=ko.kZ% ot% & rhu jaxksa okyk >aMk (frjaxk >aMk)
tricolour flag
layifUr
& okrkZyki djrs gS@a djrh gSa
talk
izLrks";fUr
& izLrqr djsxa @s djsxa h
will present
eksndkfu
& yM~Mw
a kind of sweet
tZfLork;k% & tkZ dh
of energy
vjk%
& rhfy;k
spokes
mkksyue~
& ij mBkuk@iQgjkuk
hoisting
46
f=ko.kZ% ot%
vH;kl%
1- 'kqdFkuL; le{ke~ ^vke~* v'kqdFkuL; le{ka û* bfr fy[kr&
(d) vLekoaQ jk"VL; ots =k;% o.kkZ% lfUrA
([k) ots gfjro.kZ% 'kkUrs% izrhd% vfLrA
(x) ots osQ'kjo.kZ% 'kDR;k% lwpd% vfLrA
(?k) pozQs f=ka'kr~ vjk% lfUrA
() pozQa xrs% |ksrde~A
2- v/ksfyf[krs"kq ins"kq iz;Dq rka foHkfDra opua p fy[kr&
inkfu
foHkfDr%
opue~
;Fkk&=k;k.kke~
"k"Bh
cgqopue~
--------------------------------le`%s
--------------------------------o.kkZuke~
--------------------------------mRlkgL;
ukxfjoSQ%
-----------------
-----------------
lkfodrk;k%
-----------------
-----------------
izk.kkuke~
-----------------
-----------------
lHkk;ke~
-----------------
-----------------
3- ,dinsu mkjr&
(d) vLekoaQ ots dfr o.kkZ% lfUr\
([k) f=ko.ksZ ots 'kDR;k% lwpd% d% o.kZ%\
(x) v'kksdpozQa dL; |ksrde~ vfLr\
(?k) f=ko.kZ% ot% dL; izrhd%\
47
4- ,dokD;su mkjr&
(d) vLekoaQ otL; 'osro.kZ% dL; lwpd% vfLr\
([k) v'kksdLrEHk% oqQ=k vfLr\
(x) f=ko.kZotL; mkksyua dnk Hkofr\
(?k) v'kksdposQz dfr vjk% lfUr\
5- vkksfyf[krokD;s"kq js[kkfVrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) vLekoaQ f=ko.kZot% fo'ofot;h HkosrA~
([k) Lo/ekZr~ izekna o;a u oqQ;kZeA
(x) ,rr~ loZe~ vLekoaQ usr`.kka ln~c
q %s lRiQye~A
(?k) 'k=kw.kka le{ka fot;% lqfuf'pr% HkosrA~
6- mnkgj.kkuqlkja leqfprS% inS% fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
'kCnk%
foHkfDr%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
"k"Bh
if^dk;k%
if^d;ks%
if^dkuke~
vfXuf'k[kk
lIreh
vfXuf'k[kk;ke~
-----------------
-----------------
tkZ
prqFkhZ
-----------------
-----------------
vglk
f}rh;k
liQyrk
ipeh
vglke~
-----------------
tkZH;ke~
-----------------
-----------------
lwfpdk
r`rh;k
lwfpd;k
liQyrkH;ke~
-----------------
;Fkk& if^dk
48
-----------------
-----------------
f=ko.kZ% ot%
7- leqfpresyua Rok fy[kr&

d
[k
osQ'kjo.kZ%
xrs% U;k;L; p orZde~A
gfjro.kZ%
22 tqykbZ 1947 res o"ksZ tkre~A
v'kksdpozQe~
'kkS;LZ ; R;kxL; p lwpd%A
f=ko.kZ% ot%
lq"kek;k% moZjrk;k% p lwpd%A
f=ko.kZotL; Lohdj.ka
Lok/hurk;k% jk"VxkSjoL; p rhd%A
49
uoe% ikB%
foeku;kua jp;ke
jk?ko! ek/o! lhrs! yfyrs!
foeku;kua jp;ke A
uhys xxus foiqys foeys
ok;qfogkja djoke AA1AA
mro`{ka rqa Hkoua
kURokdk'ka [kyq ;ke A
Rok fgeoUra lksikua
pfUnjyksoQa izfo'kke AA2AA
'kq'pUnz% lw;ksZ xq#fjfr
xzgku~ fg lokZu~ x.k;ke A
fofo/k% lqUnjrkjkf'pRok
ekSfDrdgkja
jp;ke AA3AA
vEcqnekyke~ vEcjHkw"kke~
vknk;So fg izfr;ke A
nq%f[kr&ihfMr&f"kdtukuka
x`gs"kq g"k tu;ke AA4AA
& MkW- fo'okl%
foeku;kua jp;ke
'kCnkFkkZ%
foeku;kue~
&
gokbZ tgkt
aeroplane
jp;ke
foiqys
foeys
ok;qfogkje~
djoke
mro`{ke~
rqe~
kURok
;ke
fgeoUra lksikue~
pfUnjyksde~
izfo'kke
x.k;ke
fpRok
ekSfDrdgkje~
vEcqnekyke~
vEcjHkw"kke~
izfr;ke
tu;ke
vknk;
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
(ge) cuk,
foLr`r (vkdk'k) esa
fueZy (vkdk'k) esa
ok;q;k=kk (vkdk'k esa ;k=kk)
(ge) djsa
ps o`{k dks
pk
ikj djosQ
(ge) pysa
ciZQ dh lh<+h dks
pUnzyksd dks
(ge) izo's k djsa
(ge) fxusa
pqudj
eksfr;ksa osQ gkj dks
cknyksa dh ekyk dks
vkdk'k dh 'kksHkk dks
(ge) ykSVas
(ge) mRi djsa
ysdj
should make
expansive
clear
flying in the sky
should do
high tree
high
crossing over
should go
ice-ladder
moonland
should enter
should count
picking up
pearl neckless
cloud-garland
beauty of sky
should return
should create
taking
51
vH;kl%
1- ikBs nka xhra lLoja xk;rA
2- dks"BdkUrxZr"s kq 'kCns"kq r`rh;k&foHkfDra ;kstf;Rok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
;Fkk& uHk% pUnzs.k 'kksHkrsA (pUnz)
(d) lk ------------------- tysu eq[ka iz{kky;frA (foey)

([k) jk?ko% ------------------- fogjfrA (foeku;ku)
(x) d.B% ------------------- 'kksHkrsA (ekSfDrdgkj)
(?k) uHk% ------------------- izdk'krsA (lw;)Z
() ioZrf'k[kje~ ------------------- vkd"kZoQa n`';rsA (vEcqnekyk)
3- fHkoxZL; ina fpuqr&
;Fkk& lw;%Z ] pUnz%] vEcqn%] 'kq%A
(d) i=kkf.k] iq"ikf.k] iQykfu] fe=kkf.kA
([k) typj%] [kspj%] Hkwpj%] fu'kkpj%A
(x) xko%] lgk%] dPNik%] xtk%A
(?k) e;wjk%] pVdk%] 'kqdk%] e.Mwdk%A
() iqLrdky;%] ';kei^%] izkpk;Z%] lkSfpd%A
(p) ys[kuh] iqfLrdk] v;kfidk] vtkA
fHkoxZ%
vEcqn%
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4- iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) osQ ok;q;kua jp;fUr\
([k) ok;q;kua dhn`'ka o`{ka dhn`'ka Hkoua p kURok mifj xPNfr\
(x) o;a dhn`'ka lksikua jp;ke\
(?k) o;a dfLeu~ yksoQs izfo'kke\
52
foeku;kua jp;ke
() vkdk'ks dk% fpRok ekSfDrdgkja jp;ke\

(p) osQ"kka x`g"s kq g"k tu;ke\
5- foykseinkfu ;kst;r&
mr%
xxus
lqUnj%
fpRok
nq%[kh
g"kZ%
i`fFkO;ke~
vlqUnj%
vour%
'kksd%
fodh;Z
lq[kh
6- leqfprS% inS% fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

foHkfDr%
,dopue~
izFkek
Hkkuq%
-----------f}rh;k
-----------r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
lk/os
ipeh
oVks%
-----------"k"Bh
lIreh
f'k'kkS
lEcks/u
gs fo".kks!
7- i;kZ;&inkfu ;kst;r&
xxus
foeys
pUnz%
lw;%Z
vEcqn%
f}opue~
Hkkuw
-----------i'kqH;ke~
----------------------foHoks%
-----------------------
cgqopue~
-----------xq:u~
-------------------------------------------------------------------
tyn%
fu'kkdj%
vkdk'ks
fueZys
fnokdj%
53
n'ke% ikB%
fo'ocU/kqRoe~
dkjdfoHkfDr% miinfoHkfDr p
mRlos] O;lus] nqfHkZ{ks] jk"VfoIyos] nSufUnuO;ogkjs p ;% lgk;rka djksfr l%

cUkq% HkofrA ;fn fo'os loZ=k ,rkn`'k% Hkko% Hkosr~ rnk fo'ocU/qRoa
lEHkofrA
ijUrq v/quk fuf[kys lalkjs dygL; v'kkUrs% p okrkoj.ke~ vfLrA ekuok%
ijLija u fo'olfUrA rs ijL; d"Va Lodh;a d"Va u x.k;fUrA vfi p leFkkZ%
ns'kk% vleFkkZu~ ns'kku~ izfr mis{kkHkkoa izn'kZ;fUr] rs"kke~ mifj Lodh;a izHkqRoa
LFkki;fUrA lalkjs loZ=k fo}s"kL;] 'k=kqrk;k%] glk;k% p Hkkouk n`';rsA ns'kkuka
fodkl% vfi vo#% HkofrA
b;e~ egrh vko';drk orZrs ;r~ ,d% ns'k% vijs.k ns'ksu lg fueZyus
n;su cUkqrk;k% O;ogkja oqQ;kZrA~ fo'oL; tus"kq b;a Hkkouk vko';dhA rr%
fodflrkfodflr;ks% ns'k;ks% e;s LoLFkk Li/kZ Hkfo";frA losZ ns'kk% KkufoKku;ks%
{ks=ks eS=khHkkou;k lg;ksxus p le`fa izkIrqa leFkkZ% Hkfo";fUrA
lw;LZ ; pUnzL; p izdk'k% loZ=k leku:is.k izljfrA izfr% vfi los"Z kq
leRosu O;ogjfrA rLekr~ vLekfHk% loS%Z ijLija oSjHkkoe~ vigk; fo'ocUkqRoa
LFkkiuh;e~A
vr% fo'oL; dY;k.kk; ,rkn`'kh Hkkouk Hkosr&~
v;a fut% ijks osfr x.kuk y?kqprs lke~ A
mnkjpfjrkuka rq olq/o
S
oqQVqEcde~ AA
fo'ocU/qRoe~
'kCnkFkkZ%
O;lus
&
O;fDrxr ladV ij
during individual crisis
nqfHkZ{ks
&
vdky iM+us ij
during femine
jk"VfoIyos
&
jk"V@ns'k ij vkink vkus ij during national crisis
fo'ocU/qRoe~
&
fo'o osQ izfr HkkbZ&pkjk
universal brotherhood
fo'olfUr
&
fo'okl djrs gSa
believe
Lodh;e~
&
viuk
own
mis{kkHkkoe~
&
vuknj dh Hkkouk
disregard
fo}s"kL;
&
'k=kqrk dk
of hatred
vo#%
&
ckf/r
obstructed
LIk/kZ
&
gksM]+ eqdkcyk
competition
;krO;e~
&
;ku nsuk pkfg,
should attend
Kk;rs
&
tkuk tkrk gS
known
leRosu
&
leku Hkko ls
equally
vigk;
&
NksM+dj
giving up
ijks osfr
&
vFkok ijk;k
or others
y?kqpsrlke~
&
{kqnz n; okyksa dk
of narrow minded
people
olq/o
S (olq/k$,o) &
/jrh gh
only the earth
oqQVqEcde~
ifjokj
family
&
55
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
nqfHkZ{ks
fo'olfUr
;krO;e~
jk"VfoIyos
mis{kkHkkoe~
nq%[kHkko~Q
fo'ocU/qRoe~
fo}s"kL;
izn'kZ;fUr

ijL;
nq%[ke~
vkRekue~
ckf/r%
Lodh;e~
vo#%
oqQVqEcde~
vU;L;
vigk;
leè~
d"Ve~
fuf[kys
ifjokj%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3- js[kkfrkfu inkfu la'kks; fy[kr&

(d) Nk=kk% hMk{ks=ks dUnqdkr~ hMfUrA
([k) rs ckfydk% e/qja xk;fUrA
(x) vga iqLrdky;su iqLrdkfu vku;kfeA
56
lEie~
R;DRok
lEiw.ksZ
fo'ocU/qRoe~
(?k) Roa d uke\

() xq#a ue%A
4- etw"kkr% foykseinkfu fpRok fy[kr&
v/quk
fe=krk;k%
y?kqprs lke~
x`ghRok
'k=kqrk;k%
--------------------
iqjk
--------------------
ekuok%
--------------------
mnkjpfjrkuke~
--------------------
lqf[ku%
--------------------
vigk;
--------------------
nq%f[ku%
nkuok%
5- v/ksfyf[krinkuka fy]a foHkfDra opup fy[kr&

inkfu
foHkfDr%
opue~
cU/q%
fye~
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
ns'kku~
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
?k`.kk;k%
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
oqQVqEcde~
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
j{kk;ke~
--------------------
--------------------
--------------------
KkufoKku;ks% --------------------
--------------------
--------------------
57
6- dks"BosQ"kq nks"kq 'kCns"kq leqfprka foHkfDra ;kstf;Rok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) fo|ky;e~ mHk;r% o`{kk% lfUrA (fo|ky;)
------------------------ mHk;r% xksikfydk%A (".k)
([k) xzkea ifjr% xkspkj.kHkwfe%A (xzke)
------------------------ ifjr% HkDrk%A (efUnj)
(x) lw;kZ; ue%A (lw;)Z
------------------------ ue%A (xq#)
(?k) o`{kL; mifj [kxk%A (o`{k)
------------------------ mifj lSfud%A (v'o)
7- dks"Bdkr~ leqfpra ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
(d) ------------------- ue%A (gj@gj;s)
([k) ------------------- ifjr% f"k{ks=kkf.k lfUrA (xzkeL;@xzkee~)
(x) ------------------- ue%A (vEck;k%@vEck;S)
(?k) ------------------- mifj vfHkusrk vfHku;a djksfrA (epL;@epe~)
() ------------------- mHk;r% iq=kkS Lr%A (firje~@firq%)
58
fo'ocU/qRoe~
;krO;e~
f;kek/`R; ;=k f}rh;kr`rh;k|k% foHkDr;% HkofUr] rk% ^dkjdfoHkDr;%*
bR;qP;UrsA ;Fkk&jke% xzkea xPNfrA ckydk% ;kusu ;kfUr bR;kn;%AA
inekfJR; iz;Dq rk foHkfDr% ^miinfoHkfDr%* bR;qP;rsA
;Fkk&xzkea ifjr% oue~A jkes.k lg y{e.k% xPNfrA v=k îfjr%* bfr
;ksxs xzkeinkr~ f}rh;k rFkk p ^lg* bfr ;ksxs jkeinkr~ iz;Dq rk r`rh;k
miinfoHkfDr% vfLrA
59
,dkn'k% ikB%
leok;ks fg nqtZ;%
iqjk ,dfLeu~ o`{ks ,dk pVdk izfrolfr LeA dkysu rL;k% lUrfr% tkrkA
,dnk df'pr~ izek% xt% rL; o`{kL; v/% vkxR; rL; 'kk[kka 'kq.Msu
v=kksV;r~A pVdk;k% uhMa Hkqfo virr~A rsu v.Mkfu fo'kh.kkZfuA vFk lk pVdk
O;yir~A rL;k% foykia JqRok dk"BowQV% uke [kx% nq%[ksu rke~ vi`PNr~&^^Hknz]s
fdeFk foyifl\** bfrA
pVdkonr~&^^nq"VsuoS Qs u xtsu ee lUrfr% ukf'krkA rL; xtL; o/suoS ee
nq%[ke~ viljsrA~ ** rr% dk"BowQV% rka oh.kkjok&ukEU;k% ef{kdk;k% lehie~ vu;r~A
r;ks% okrk JqRok ef{kdkonr~&^êekfi fe=ka e.Mwd% es?kukn% vfLrA 'kh?kza reqiRs ;
;Fkksfpra dfj";ke%A** rnkuha rkS ef{kd;k lg xRok es?kuknL; iqj% lo o`kkUra
U;osn;rke~A
es?kukn% vonr~&
^^;Fkkga dFk;kfe rFkk
oqQ#re~A ef{kosQ! izFkea
Roa e;ks rL; xtL;
d.ksZ 'kCna oqQ#] ;su l%
u;us fuehY; LFkkL;frA
rnk dk"BowQV% pPok
rL; u;us LiQksVf;";frA
,oa l% xt% vUk%
Hkfo";frA r`"kkrZ% l%
tyk'k;a xfe";frA ekxsZ
egku~ xkZ% vfLrA rL;
leok;ks fg nqtZ;%
vfUrosQ vga LFkkL;kfe 'kCna p dfj";kfeA ee 'kCnsu ra xr tyk'k;a eRok l

rfLeUuso xrsZ ifr";fr efj";fr pA** vFk rFkk rs l% xt% e;ks e.MwdL;
'kCne~ vuqlR` ; egr% xrZL; vUr% ifrr% e`r% pA rFkk pksDre~&
^cgwukeI;lkjk.kka leok;ks fg nqt;
Z %*A
'kCnkFkkZ%
iqjk
&
'kq.Msu
&
uhMe~
&
fo'kh.kkZfu
&
reqiRs ; (re~$misR;) &
e;ks
&
fuehY;
&
LFkkL;fr
&
LiQksVf;";fr
&
r`"kkrZ% (r`"kk $ vkrZ%) &
xrZ%
&
rFkk rs
&
vuqlR` ;
&
ifrr%
&
e`r%
&
pksDre~ (p $ mDre~) &
nqt;
Z %
&
cgwukeI;lkjk.kke~
&
(cgwuke~$vfi$vlkjk.kke~)
leok;%
&
igys] iqjkus le; esa

lwM ls
?kksl
a ys dks
u"V gks x,
mlosQ ikl tkdj
nksigj esa
cUn djosQ
#d tk,xk
iQksM+ nsxk
I;kl ls ihfM+r
xM~<k
oSlk djus ij
vuqlj.k djosQ
fxj x;k
ej x;k
vkSj dgk x;k gS
dfBurk ls thrus ;ksX;
vusd fucZyksa dk
ago
by trunk
nest
destroyed
approaching him
at noon
closing
will stay
will spoil
thirsty
pit
doing so
following
fell down
died
and said
difficult to win
several weak ones
lewg] laxBu
group
61
vH;kl%
1- iz'ukuke~ mkjkkf.k ,dinsu fy[kr&
(d)o`{ks dk izfrolfr Le\
([k)o`{kL; v/% d% vkxr%\
(x) xt% osQu 'kk[kke~ v=kksV;r~\
(?k) dk"BowQV% pVdka dL;k% lehie~ vu;r~\
()ef{kdk;k% fe=ka d% vklhr~\
2- js[kkfr kfu inkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d)dkysu pVdk;k% lUrfr% tkrkA
([k)pVdk;k% uhMa Hkqfo virr~A
(x) xtL; o/suoS ee nq%[ke~ viljsrA~
(?k) dk"BowQV% pPok xtL; u;us LiQksVf;";frA
3- etw"kkr% f;kinkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
dfj";kfe
xfe";fr
vu;r~
ifr";fr
LiQksVf;";fr
(d)dk"BowQV% pPok xtL; u;us --------------------- A

([k)ekxsZ fLFkr% vgefi 'kCna --------------------- A
(x) r`"kkrZ% xt% tyk'k;a --------------------- A
(?k) xt% xrsZ --------------------- A
()dk"BowQV% rka ef{kdk;k% lehia --------------------- A
(p) xt% 'kq.Msu o`{k'kk[kk% --------------------- A
62
=kksV;fr
leok;ks fg nqtZ;%
4- iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k ,dokD;su fy[kr&

(d)pVdk;k% foykia JqRok dk"BowQV% rka fde~ vi`PNr~\
([k)pVdk;k% dk"BowQVL; p okrk JqRok ef{kdk fde~ vonr~\
(x) es?kukn% ef{kdka fde~ vonr~\
(?k) pVdk dk"BowQVa fde~ vonr~\
5- mnkgj.keuqlR` ; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
(d)
iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
ifB";fr
ifB";r%
ifB";fUr
izFkeiq#"k%
-----------------
ifr";r%
-----------------
izFkeiq#"k%
-----------------
-----------------
efj";fUr
iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
xfe";fl
xfe";Fk%
xfe";Fk
e;eiq#"k%
-----------------
/kfo";Fk%
-----------------
e;eiq#"k%
-----------------
-----------------
hfM";Fk
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
ysf[k";kfe
ysf[k";ko%
ysf[k";ke%
mkeiq#"k%
-----------------
gfl";ko%
-----------------
mkeiq#"k%
-----------------
-----------------
nz{;ke%
;Fkk& izFkeiq#"k%
([k)
;Fkk& e;eiq#"k%
(x)
iq#"k%
;Fkk& mkeiq#"k%
63
6- mnkgj.kkuqlkja ^Le* 'kCna ;kstf;Rok Hkwrdkfydf;ka jp;r&

;Fkk&volr~
&
olfr LeA
--------------------A
viBr~
&
v=kksV;r~
&
--------------------A
virr~
&
vi`PNr~
&
--------------------A
--------------------A
vonr~
&
vu;r~
&
--------------------A
--------------------A
7- dks"Bdkr~ mfpra ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) ---------------------- ckfydk e/qja xk;frA (,de~] ,dk] ,d%)
([k) ---------------------- "kdk% f"kdekZf.k oqQoZfUrA (pRokj%] pr%] pRokfj)
(x) ---------------------- i=kkf.k lqUnjkf.k lfUrA (rs] rk%] rkfu)
(?k) /suo% nqX/a ---------------------- A (nnkfr] nnfr] nnfUr)
() o;a laLre~ ---------------------- A (viBe~] viBu~] viBke)
64
}kn'k% ikB%
dYiyrso fo|k
u pkSjgk; u p jktgk;
u Hkzkr`HkkT;a u p Hkkjdkfj A
O;;s rs o/Zr ,o fuR;a
fo|k/ua
loZ/uiz/kue~ AA 1 AA
fo|k uke ujL; :ief/oaQ izPNxqIra /ue~
fo|k Hkksxdjh ;'k% lq[kdjh fo|k xq:.kka xq#% A
fo|k cU/qtuks fons'kxeus fo|k ijk nsork
fo|k jktlq iwT;rs u fg /ua fo|k&foghu% i'kq% AA 2 AA
osQ;wjk% u foHkw"k;fUr iq#"ka gkjk u pUksTToyk
u Lukua u foysiua u oqQlqea uky` r k ew/t
Z k% A
ok.;sdk leyjksfr iq#"ka ;k laLrk /k;Zrs
{kh;Urssf[kyHkw"k.kkfu lrra okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~ AA 3 AA
fo|k uke ujL; dhfrZjrqyk HkkX;{k;s pkJ;%
/su%q dkenq?kk jfr'p fojgs us=ka r`rh;a p lk A
lRdkjk;rua oqQyL; efgek jRuSfoZuk Hkw"k.ke~
rLeknU;eqi{s ; loZfo"k;a fo|kf/dkja oqQ#AA 4 AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
pkSjgk;Ze~
jktgk;Ze~
Hkzkr`HkkT;e~
&
&
&
pksjksa osQ }kjk pqjkus ;ksX;

jktk osQ }kjk Nhuus ;ksX;
Hkkb;ksa osQ }kjk ckVus ;ksX;
Hkkjdkfj
izPNxqIre~
Hkksxdjh
&
&
&
ijk
jktlq
osQ;wjk%
pUksTToyk
(pU$mTToyk)
foysiue~
&
&
&
&
Hkkj c<+kus okyh

futh (vkReh;) xqIr
Hkksx dk lk/u miyC/
djkus okyh
lcls cM+h
jktkvksa esa
cktwcUn
pUek osQ leku pednkj
&
uky~rk
&
(u$vy~rk)
ew/Ztk%
&
ok.;sdk (ok.kh$,dk) &
leyjksfr
&
laLrk
&
/k;Zrs
&
'kjhj ij ysi djus ;ksX;

anointing
lqxfU/r&O; (pUnu] osQlj vkfn)
ugha ltk;k gqvk
undecorated
os.kh] pksVh
plait (hair)
,dek=k ok.kh
speech alone
vPNh rjg lq'kksfHkr djrh gS decorates
laLdkj;qDr (ifj"r)
well cultured
/kj.k dh tkrh gS
is borne
{kh;Urss f[kyHkw"k.kkfu & lEiw.kZ vkHkw"k.k u"V

({kh;Urs$vf[kyHkw"k.kkfu
gks tkrs gSa
66
to be stolen by a thief
to be attacked by a king
to be divided among
brothers
burden
hidden
giving objects of
pleasure
the greatest
among kings
bracelets
as bright as the moon
all ornaments perish
dYiyrso fo|k
HkkX;{k;s
vkJ;%
dkenq?kk
lRdkjk;rue~
jRuSfoZuk
fo|kf/dkje~
rLeknU;eqis{;
(rLekr~$vU;e~$mis{;)
& vPNs fnu chr tkus ij when good days end

& lgkjk
helper
& bPNkuqlj iQy nsus okyh yielding all desired
&
&
&
&
objects
storehouse of respects
lEeku dk osQUnz ;k lewg

jRuksa ls jfgr
without jewells
fo|k ij vf/dkj
mastery over learning
vr% nwljs lcdks NksM+dj therefore giving up
others
vH;kl%
1- mi;qDrdFkukuka le{ke~ ^vke~*] vuqi;qDrdFkukuka le{ka û* bfr fy[kr&
(d) fo|k jktlq iwT;rsA
([k) okXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ka uA
(x) fo|k/ua loZ/us"kq iz/kue~A
(?k) fons'kxeus fo|k cU/qtu% u HkofrA
() lo fogk; fo|kf/dkja oqQ#A
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka fya] foHkfDra opup fy[kr&
inkfu
ujL;
fye ~
---------------
foHkfDr%
---------------
opue~
---------------
67
xq:.kke~
---------------
---------------
---------------
osQ;wjk%
---------------
---------------
---------------
dhfrZe~
---------------
---------------
---------------
Hkw"k.kkfu
---------------
---------------
---------------
3- 'yksdka'kku~ ;kst;r&
d
[k
fo|k jktlq iwT;rs u fg /ue~
gkjk u pUksTToyk%
osQ;wjk% u foHkw"k;fUr iq#"ke~
u Hkzkr`HkkT;a u p Hkkjdkfj
u pkSjgk; u p jktgk;Ze~
;k laLrk /k;Zrs
lRdkjk;rua oqQyL; efgek
fo|k&foghu% i'kq%
ok.;sdk leyjksfr iq#"ke~
jRuSfoZuk Hkw"k.ke~A
4- ,dinsu iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) d% i'kq%\
([k) dk Hkksxdjh\
(x) osQ iq#"ka u foHkw"k;fUr\
(?k) dk ,dk iq#"ka leyj ksfr\
() dkfu {kh;Urs\
5- js[kkfrinkfu vf/R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) fo|kfoghu% uj% i'kq% vfLrA
([k) fo|k jktlq iwT;rsA
68
dYiyrso fo|k
(x) pUksTToyk% gkjk% iq#"ka u vyq oZ fUrA

(?k) firk fgrs fu;qD~ rsA
() fo|k/ua loZi/
z kua /uefLrA
(p) fo|k fn{kq dhfr ruksfrA
6- iw.kZokD;su iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k fy[kr&
(d) xq:.kka xq#% dk vfLr\
([k) dhn`'kh ok.kh iq#"ka leyjksfr\
(x) O;;s rs d o/Zr\s
(?k) fo|k oqQ=k dhfr foruksfr\
() HkkX;{k;s vkJ;% d%\
7- etw"kkr% iqf Yy& L=khfy& uiql
a dfyi nkfu fpRok fy[kr&
fo|k
;Fkk&
/ue~
laLrk
lrre~
oqQlqee~
ew/Ztk%
i'kq%
iqf Yye ~
L=khfye~
uiqaldfye ~
gkjk%
------------------
vy` r k
------------------
Hkw"k.ke~
------------------
------------------
------------------
------------------
------------------
------------------
------------------
xq#%
jfr%
69
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
ve`ra laLre~
bdkjkUrL=khfy%
fo'oL; miyC/klq Hkk"kklq laLrHkk"kk izkphurek Hkk"kkfLrA Hkk"ks;a vusdk"kka

Hkk"kk.kka tuuh erkA kphu;ks% KkufoKku;ks% fuf/% vL;ka lqjf{kr%A laLrL;
egofo"k;s osQukfi dfFkre~ & ^HkkjrL; izfr"Bs }s laLra laLfrLrFkk*A
b;a Hkk"kk vrho oSKkfudhA osQpu dFk;fUr ;r~ laLreso l.kdL;
rs loksZ kek Hkk"kkA vL;k% ok~e;a osn%S ] iqjk.kS%] uhfr'kkL=kS% fpfdRlk'kkL=kkfnfHk'p
leèfLrA dkfynklknhuka fo'odohuka dkO;lkSUn;Ze~ vuqiee~A dkSfVY;jfpre~
vFkZ'kkL=ka txfr izflefLrA xf.kr'kkL=ks 'kwU;L; izfriknua loZiFz kee~ vk;ZHkV%
vdjksrA~ fpfdRlk'kkL=ks pjdlqJrq ;ks% ;ksxnkua fooizfle~A laLrs ;kfu vU;kfu
'kkL=kkf.k fo|Urs rs"kq okLrq'kkL=ka] jlk;u'kkL=ka] [kxksyfoKkua] T;ksfr"k'kkL=ka]
foeku'kkL=ke~ bR;knhfu mYys[kuh;kfuA
laLrs fo|ekuk% lwDr;% vH;qn;k; sj;fUr] ;Fkk &
lR;eso t;rs] olq/oS oqQVqEcde~] fo|;ke`re'uqr]s ;ksx%
deZlq dkS'kye~ bR;kn;%A loZHkwr"s kq vkReor~ O;ogkja drq
laLrHkk"kk lE;o~Q f'k{k;frA
osQpu dFk;fUr ;r~ laLrHkk"kk;ka osQoya /kfeZoaQ
lkfgR;e~ orZr&s ,"kk kkj.kk lehphuk ukfLrA laLrxzUFks"kq
ekuothouk; fofo/k% fo"k;k% lekfo"Vk% lfUrA egkiq#"kk.kka
ve`ra laLre~
efr%] mketukuka /`fr% lkekU;tukuka thouifr% p of.kZrk% lfUrA vr% vLekfHk%

laLre~ vo';eso iBuh;e~A rsu euq";L; lektL; p ifj"dkj% HkosrA~
mDrp&
ve`ra laLra fe=k !
ljla ljya op% A
Hkk"kklq eguh;a ;n~
KkufoKkuiks"kde~ AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
Hkk"ks;e~ (Hkk"kk$b;e~)&
;g Hkk"kk
this language
erk
&
ekuh xbZ gS
is accepted
fuf/%
&
[ktkuk
treasure
fopk;Z
&
fopkj dj
considering
ok~e;e~
&
lkfgR;
literature
vuqiee~
&
vrqyuh;
incomparable
txfr
&
lalkj esa
in the world
jlk;u'kkL=ke~
&
jlk;u 'kkL=k
chemistry
[kxksyfoKkue~
&
vUrfj{kfoKku
astronomy
k`fr%
&
/S;Z
patience
iks"kde~
&
leFkZd
supporter
71
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
miyC/klq
l.kdL;
fpfdRlk'kkL=ke~
oSf'k"V~;e~
Hkwxksy'kkL=ke~
ok~e;s
fo|ekuk%
vFkZ'kkL=ke~
2- iz'ukuke~ ,dinsu mkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) dk Hkk"kk izkphurek\
([k) 'kwU;L; friknua d% vdjksr\~
(x) dkSfVY;su jfpra 'kkL=ka fde~\
(?k) dL;k% Hkk"kk;k% dkO;lkSUn;Ze~ vuqiee~\
() dk% vH;qn;k; sj;fUr\
3- iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k ,dokD;su fy[kr&
(d) lX.kdL; rs loksZ kek Hkk"kk dk\
([k) laLrL; ok~e;a oSQ% leèfLr\
(x) laLra foaQ f'k{k;fr\
(?k) vLekfHk% laLra fdeFk iBuh;e~ \
72
ve`ra laLre~
4- bdkjkUr&L=khfy' kCn:ie~ vf/R; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

xfr (izFkek)
xfr%
xrh
xr;%
efr (izFkek)
--------
--------
er;%
cqf (f}rh;k)
cqfe~
cqh
cqh%
izhfr (f}rh;k)
--------
izhrh
--------
uhfr (r`rh;k)
uhR;k
uhfrH;ke~
uhfrfHk%
'kkfUr (r`rh;k)
--------
--------
'kkfUrfHk%
efr (prqFkhZ)
eR;S@er;s
efrH;ke~
efrH;%
izfr (prqFkhZ)
--------@--------
izfrH;ke~
--------
dhfrZ (ipeh)
dhR;kZ%@dhrsZ%
dhfrZH;ke~
dhfrZH;%
xhfr (ipeh)
--------@--------
xhfrH;ke~
--------
lwfDr ("k"Bh)
lwDrs%@lwDR;k%
lwDR;ks%
lwDrhuke~
fr ("k"Bh)
--------@--------
--------
rhuke~
/`fr (lIreh)
/`rkS@/`R;ke~
/`R;ks%
/`fr"kq
Hkhfr (lIreh)
HkhrkS@-------
--------
--------
efr (lEcks/u)
gs ers!
gs erh!
gs er;%!
73
5- js[kkfrkfu inkfu vf/R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&

(d) laLrs KkufoKku;ks% fuf/% lqjf{krksfLrA
([k) laLreso l.kdL; rs loksZ kek Hkk"kkA
(x) 'kY;f;k;k% o.kZua laLrlkfgR;s vfLrA
(?k) ofj"Bku~ izfr vLekfHk% fiz;a O;ogkZO;e~A
6- mnkgj.kkuqlkja inkuka foHkfDra opup fy[kr&
inkfu
foHkfDr%
opue~
xfr%
"k"Bh
--------------
,dopue~
--------------
uhfre~
--------------
--------------
lwDr;%
--------------
--------------
'kkUR;k
--------------
--------------
izhR;S
--------------
--------------
efr"kq
--------------
--------------
;Fkk&laLrs%
7- ;Fkk;ksX;a la;ksT; fy[kr&
74
d
dkSfVY;su
[k
vH;qn;k; sj;fUrA
fpfdRlk'kkL=ks
KkufoKkuiks"kde~A
'kwU;L; vkfo"drkZ
vFkZ'kkL=ka jfpre~A
laLre~
pjdlqJrq ;ks% ;ksxnkue~A
lwDr;%
vk;ZHkV%A
ve`ra laLre~
;krO;e~
vfLeu~ ikBs laLfr&Le`fr&uhfr&lwfDr&ifjfLFkfr&ifr&n`f"V&k`fr&'kkfUr&
izhfr&bR;kn;% 'kCnk% iz;Dq rk% lfUrA ,rs 'kCnk% xfr& efr&'kCnor~ L=khfyX
iz;Dq rk% HkofUrA
,rs"kka 'kCnkuka prqFkhZ&ipeh&"k"Bh&lIreh&foHkDrhukesdopus }s }s :is
Hkor%A ;Fkk&xR;S&xr;s] xR;k%&xrs%] xR;ke~&xrkSA
&
Mathematics; Comprises Arithmetic, Algebra

and Geometry
fpfdRlk'kkL=ke~ &
Medical Science (Administering remedies or

medicine)
okLrq'kkL=ke~
&
Architecture
jlk;u'kkL=ke~
&
Chemistry
T;ksfr"k'kkL=ke~
&
Astronomy
foeku'kkL=ke~
&
Aeronautics
xf.kr'kkL=ke~
75
prqnZ'k% ikB%
vukfjdk;k% ftKklk
dkjkUriqf Yy%
ckfydk;k% vukfjdk;k% eufl loZnk egrh ftKklk HkofrA vr% lk cgwu~

iz'uku~ i`PNfrA rL;k% iz'uS% los"Z kka cqf% por~ HkzefrA
izkr% mRFkk; lk vUoHkor~ ;r~ rL;k% eu% izla ukfLrA euksfouksnk; lk
Hkzferqa x`gkr~ cfg% vxPNr~ A Hkze.kdkys lk vi';r~ ;r~ ekxkZ% lqlfTtrk%
lfUrA lk fpUr;fr &
fdeFkZe~ b;a lTtk\ lk
vLejr~ ;r~ v| rq eU=kh
vkxfe";frA l% v=k
fdeFkZe~ vkxfe";fr bfr
fo"k;s rL;k% ftKklk%
izkjCkk%A x`ge~ vkxR;
lk firje~ vi`PNr~&
^^fir%! eU=kh fdeFkZe~
vkxPNfr\** firk
vonr~&^îqf=k! u|k% mifj uohu% lsr%q fufeZr%A rL; mn~?kkVukFk eU=kh vkxPNfrA**
vukfjdk iqu% vi`PNr~&^^fir%! d eU=kh lsrks% fuekZ.ke~ vdjksr~\** firk
vdFk;r~&^û fg iqf=k! lsrks% fuekZ.ka deZdjk% voqQoZuA~ ** iqu% vukfjdk;k%
iz'u% vklhr~&^^;fn deZdjk% lsrks% fuekZ.ke~ voqQoZu~] rnk eU=kh fdeFkZe~
vkxPNfr\** firk vonr~&^^;rks fg l% vLekoaQ ns'kL; eU=khA** ^^fir%! lsrks%
fuekZ.kk; izLrjkf.k oqQr% vk;kfUr\ d rkfu eU=kh nnkfr\**
vukfjdk;k% ftKklk
fojDrHkkosu firk mnrjr~&^^vukfjosQ! izLrjkf.k tuk% ioZrHs ;% vku;fUrA**

^^fir%! rfgZ fde~] ,rnFk eU=kh /ua nnkfr\ rL; ik'osZ /ukfu oqQr% vkxPNfUr\**
,rku~ iz'uku~ JqRok firkonr~&^^vjs! iztk% loZdkjk; /ua iz;PNfUrA** fofLerk
vukfjdk iqu% vi`PNr~&^^fir%! deZdjk% ioZrHs ;% izLrjkf.k vku;fUrA rs ,o
lsraq fuekZfUrA iztk% loZdkjk; /ua nnfrA rFkkfi lsrks% mn~?kkVukFk eU=kh fdeFkZe~
vkxPNfr\**
firk vonr~&^îzFkeeso vge~ vdFk;e~ ;r~ l% ,o ns'kL; eU=kh vfLrA
cgqi'z uku~ djksf"kA py] lqlfTtrk HkwRok fo|ky;a pyA** bnkuhe~ vfi vukfjdk;k%
eufl cgo% iz'uk% lfUrA
'kCnkFkkZ%
egrh
ftKklk
vUoHkor~
euksfouksnk;
fpUr;fUr
vLejr~
lsrq%
mnrjr~(mr~$vrjr~)
izLrjkf.k
loZdkjk;
mn~?kkVukFkZe~
fuekZfUr
nnfr
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
cM+h
tkuus dh bPNk
vuqHko fd;k
eu izlUu djus osQ fy,
lksprh gS
;kn fd;k
iqy
mkj fn;k
iRFkj
ljdkj osQ fy,
mn~?kkVu osQ fy,
fuekZ.k djrs gSa@cukrs gSa
nsrs gSa
great
curiosity
felt
for recreation
thinks
remembered
bridge
answered
stones
for the government
for the inauguration
construct
give
77
vH;kl%
1- mPpkj.ka oqQ#r&
eU=kh
deZdjk%
Hkzkr.kke~
usrfj
fuekZ.ke~
ftKklk
mn~?kkVukFkZe~
vi`PNr~
Hkzk=kk
fi=ks
fir`H;ke~
fpUr;Urh
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuka mkjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) dL;k% egrh ftKklk orZr\s
([k) eU=kh fdeFkZe~ vkxPNfr\
(x) lsrks% fuekZ.ka osQ voqQoZu\~
(?k) lsrks% fuekZ.kk; deZdjk% izLrjkf.k oqQr% vku;fUrA
() osQ loZdkjk; /ua iz;PNfUr\
3- js[kkfr inkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) vukfjdk;k% iz'uS% los"Z kka cqf% por~ HkzefrA
([k) eU=kh lsrks% mn~?kkVukFkZe~ vkxPNfrA
(x) deZdjk% lsrks% fuekZ.ke~ oqQoZfUrA
(?k) ioZrHs ;% izLrjkf.k vkuh; lsrks% fuekZ.ka HkofrA
() tuk% loZdkjk; ns'kL; fodklkFk /ua nnfrA
4- mnkgj.kkuqlkja :ikf.k fy[kr&
foHkfDr%
,dopue~
f}opue~
izFkek
firk
firjkS
---------HkzkrjkS
78
cgqopue~
firj% (fir`)
---------- (Hkzkr`)
vukfjdk;k% ftKklk
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
nkrkje~
---------/k=kk
----------
/krkjkS
---------
nkru~ (nkr`)
---------- (/kr`)
dr`HZ ;ke~
/kr`fHk% (/kr`)
---------- (drZ)`
fo/k=ks
usrH` ;ke~
----------
usrH` ;% (usr)`
---------- (fo/kr`)
drqZ%
----------
dr`HZ ;ke~
----------
drZH` ;% (dr`)Z
firq%
----------
fi=kks%
Hkzk=kks%
fir.kke~ (fir`)
---------- (Hkzkr`)
lforfj
lfo=kks%
----------
lfor`"kq (lfor`)
---------- (vfHkusr)`
gs tkekrjkS!
----------
gs tkekrj% (tkekr`)
---------- (uIr`)
us=ks
vfHkusrfj
lEcks/ue~
nkrkjkS
gs tkekr%!
gs uIr%!
grZH` ;% (gr`)Z
5- dks"BosQH;% leqfprinkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) vga izkr% ------------------ lg Hkze.kk; xPNkfeA (fi=kk@firq%)
([k) ckyk vki.kkr~ ------------------ iQykfu vku;frA (Hkzkrq%@Hkzk=ks)
(x) deZdjk% lsrks% fuekZ.kL; ------------------ HkofUrA (drkZje~@dkkZj%)
(?k) ee ------------------ rq ,rs"kka iz'ukuke~ mkjkf.k vnnkr~A (firk@firj%)
() ro ------------------ oqQ=k thfodksiktZua oqQ#r%\ (Hkzkrj%@HkzkrjkS)
79
6- fp=ka n`"V~ok etw"kkr% inkfu p iz;Tq ; okD;kfu jp;r&
/kj;fUr
ckyk%
ol;kue~
N=ke~
rs
vkjksgfUr
o"kkZ;ke~
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7- v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu vk/`R; okD;kfu jp;r&

--------------------------------------------------------iz'uk%
80
uohu%
---------------------------------------------------------
izkr%
---------------------------------------------------------
vkxPNfr
---------------------------------------------------------
izlUu%
---------------------------------------------------------
ipn'k% ikB%
ykyuxhre~
mfnrs lw;sZ /j.kh foglfr A
i{kh owQtfr deya fodlfr AA1AA
unfr efUnjs mPpS<ZDdk A
lfjr% lfyys lsyfr ukSdk AA2AA
iq"is iq"is ukukjXk% A
rs"kq M;Urs fp=kirXk% AA3AA
o`{ks o`{ks uwrui=ke~ A
fofo/So.Z kSfZ oZHkkfr fp=ke~ AA4AA
/suq% izkr;ZPNfr nqX/e~ A
'kqa LoPNa e/qja fLuX/e~ AA5AA
xgus fofius O;k?kzks xtZfr A
mPpSLr=k p flag% unZfr AA6AA
gfj.kks;a [kknfr uo?kkle~ A
loZ=k p i';fr lfoykle~ AA7AA
m"V% rqX% eUna xPNfr A
i`"Bs izpjq a Hkkja fuogfr AA8AA
?kksVdjkt% f{kiza /kofr A
/koule;s fdefi u [kknfr AA9AA
i';r HkYyqdfeea djkye~ A
u`R;fr FkFkFkS oqQ# djrkye~ AA10AA
&lEinkuUnfeJ%
'kCnkFkkZ%
mfnrs
&
mxus ij] fudyus ij
on the rise
unfr
&
vkokt@ofu djrk gS
rings
mPpS%
&
ph vkokt es]a tksj ls
loudly
<Ddk
&
uxkM+k
drum
lsyfr
&
Mxexkrh gS] fgyrh Mqyrh gS
shakes
M;Urs
&
mM+rs gSa
fly
fp=kirXk%
&
frrfy;k
butterflies
o.kSZ%
&
jaxks ls
with colours
foHkkfr
&
lq'kksfHkr gksrk gS
shines
fLuX/e~
&
eqyk;e] fpduk
soft
xgus
&
?kus
dense
fofius
&
taxy esa
in forest
unZfr
&
ngkM+rk gS
roars
rqX%
&
pk
lofty, high
fuogfr
&
<ksrk gS
carries
f{kize~
&
tYnh ls] rsTkh ls
swiftly
HkYyqd%
&
Hkkyw
bear
djkye~
&
Hk;kud
ferocious
djrkye~
&
rkyh
clapping
82
ykyuxhre~
vH;kl%
vH;kl%
1- xhre~ lLoja xk;rA
2- ,dinsu mkjr&
(d) dk foglfr\
([k) fde~ fodlfr\
(x) O;k?kz% oqQ=k xtZfr\
(?k) gfj.k% fda [kknfr\
() eUna d% xPNfr\
3- js[kkfrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&
(d) lfyys ukSdk lsyfrA
([k) iq"is"kq fp=kirXk% M;UrsA
(x) m"V% i`"Bs Hkkja ogfrA
(?k) /koule;s v'o% fdefi u [kknfrA
() mfnrs lw;Zs /j.kh foglfrA
i`fFkoh
nsoky;s
tys
ous
e`x%
Hk;je~
/j.kh
-----------------------
fofius
-----------------------
djkye~
-----------------------
gfj.k%
-----------------------
lfyys
-----------------------
efUnjs
-----------------------
83
5- foykseinkfu esy;r&
eUne~
uwrue~
uhpS%
fLuX/e~
dBksj%
i;kZIre~
iqjkrue~
mPpS%
vi;kZIre~
f{kize~
6- mfprdFkukuka le{ke~ ^vke~* vuqfprdFkukuka le{ka û* bfr fy[kr&

(d) /koule;s v'o% [kknfrA
([k) m"V% i`"Bs Hkkja u ogfrA
(x) flag% uhpS% ks'kfrA
(?k) iq"is"kq fp=kirk% M;UrsA
() ous O;k?kz% xtZfrA
(p) gfj.k% uo?kkle~ u [kknfrA
7- v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu funs'Z kkuqlkja ifjorZ;r&
;Fkk& fp=kir%
84
(izFkek&cgqopus)
&
HkYyqd%
(r`rh;k&,dopus)
&
fp=kirk %
-------------------
m"V%
(ipeh&f}opus)
&
-------------------
gfj.k%
(lIreh&cgqopus)
&
-------------------
O;k?kz%
(f}rh;k&,dopus)
&
-------------------
?kksVdjkt%
(lEcks/u&,dopus)
&
-------------------
ykyuxhre~
8- fp=ka n`"V~ok etw"kkr% inkfu p iz;Tq ; okD;kfu jp;r&
[kxk%
M;Urs
fodlfUr
lw;Z%
deykfu
fp=kirk%
mnsfr
owQtfUr
hMfUr
ckyk%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
85
ifjf'k"Ve~
o.kZfopkj%
1- o.kkZ%
laLrs bnkuha 48 o.kkZuka iz;ksx% HkofrA rs eq[;r;k Hkkx=k;s.k foHkDrk% lfUr]
1&Lojk% 2&O;tukfu 3&v;ksxokgk'psfr] ;Fkk&
Lojk%&13
gLoLojk%&5
v] b] m] ] y`
nh?kZLojk%&8
vk] bZ] ] `] ,] ,s] vks] vkS
O;tukfu&33
oxhZ;O;tukfu&25
o~Q] [k~] x~] ?k~] ~]
p~] N~] t~] >~] k~]
V~] B~] M~] <+]~ .k~]
r~] Fk~] n~] /~] u~]
i~] i~Q~ ] c~] Hk~] e~]
voxhZ;O;tukfu&8
vUrLFkk%&4
;~] j~] y~] o~]
"ek.k%&4
'k~] "k~] l~] g~]
v;ksxokgkS&2
vuqLokj%
folxZ%
ifjf'k"Ve~
2- mPpkj.kLFkkukfu
o.kkZfHkO;fDrizn's k% LFkkua dF;rsA 'kCniz;ksxle;s dk;kfXuuk izfs jr% ok;q% d.BkfnLFkkus"kq
lpju~ o.kkZu~ vfHkO;ufDrA ;FkksDra ikf.kuh;f'k{kk;ke~&
vkRek cqn~ ;k lesR;FkkZu~ euks ;qD~ rs foo{k;k A
eu% dk;kfXuekgfUr l izjs ;fr ek#re~ AA
ek#rLrwjfl pju~ eUnza tu;fr Loje~ AA
v"VkS LFkkukfu o.kkZukeqj% d.B% f'kjLrFkk A
ftkewya p nUrk'p ukfldkS"BkS p rkyq p AA
,oe~ o.kkZuke~ mPpkj.kLFkkukfu v"VkS lfUrA (i) mj% (ii) d.B% (iii) f'kj%
(iv) ftkewye~ (v) nUrk% (vi) ukfldk (vii) vks"BkS (viii) rkyq%A r|Fkk&
o.kkZ%
mRifkLFkkukfu
o.kkZuka laKk
v] vk] d~] [k~] x~] ?k~] ~] g~] folxZ%
d.B%
d.B~;%
b] bZ] p~] N~] t~] >~] k~] ;~] 'k~
rkyq%
rkyO;%
] `] V~] B~] M~] <~] .k~] j~] "k~
ew/kZ
ew/ZU;%
y`] r~] Fk~] n~] /~] u~] y~] l~
nUrk%
nUR;%
m] ] i~] iQ~] c~] Hk~] e~
vks"BkS
vks"B~;%
~] k~] .k~] u~] e~
ukfldk $ d.Bknhfu
ukflD;%
,] ,s
d.Brkyw
d.BrkyO;%
vks] vkS
d.Bks"Be~
d.Bks"B~;%
nUrks"Be~
nUR;ks"B~;%
vuqLokj%
ukfldk
ukflD;%
87
dkjde~
(lkekU;ifjp;%)
lkekU;r% "kV~dkjdkf.k HkofUrA ;Fkk&
dkkZ deZ p dj.ka lEiznkua rFkSo p A
viknkukf/dj.ke~ bR;kgq% dkjdkf.k "kV~ AA
(i) dk`d
Z kjde~
(iv) lEiznkudkjde~
(ii) deZdkjde~
(v) viknkudkjde~
(iii) dj.kdkjde~
(vi) vf/dj.kdkjde~
dkZd
` kjde~ & LorU=k% dkkZA f;k;ka ;% LorU=k% iz/kuks ok Hkofr l% dkkZA ;Fkk&jke%
xzkea xPNfrA v=k xeuf;k;ka jke% LorU=k% orZr]s vr% l% dk`d
Z kjde~ vfLrA okD;s
eq[;s drZfj izFkek] xkS.ks drZfj p r`rh;k foHkfDr% HkofrA ;Fkk&
(d) jke% xzkea xPNfrA
([k) jkes.k xzke% xE;rsA
deZdkjde~ & dkZjq hfIlrrea deZA dkkZ Lof;;k ;e~ vFkZe~ vfr'k;su izkIrqe~ bPNfr
rr~ deZ HkofrA ;Fkk&ckyd% fo|ky;a xPNfrA v=k okD;s ckyd% dkkZ Hkofr]
xeuf;;k fo|ky;% rL; bZfIlrrea orZr]s vr% fo|ky; bfr deZdkjoaQ orZr]s
deZf.k f}rh;k foHkfDr%] (deZokP;s) eq[;s p izFkek foHkfDr% Hkofr] ;Fkk&
(d) ckyd% fo|ky;a xPNfrA
([k) ckyosQu fo|ky;% xE;rsA
dj.kdkjde~ & lk/drea dj.ke~A f;kflkS ;r~ vfr'k;su lgk;oaQ Hkofr] rr~
dj.ka Hkofr] ;Fkk&';ke% dyesu fy[kfrA v=k dkq%Z ';keL; ys[kuf;k;ka dye%
vfr'k;su lgk;d%] vr% dye bfr dj.kdkjoaQ HkofrA dj.ks r`rh;k&foHkfDr% HkofrA
lEiznkudkjde~ & deZ.kk ;efHkizfS r l lEiznkue~A dkkZ nkuf;;k ;a lEcqe~
bPNfr] rr~ lEiznkua HkofrA ;Fkk&nsonk% fHk{kqdk; fHk{kka nnkfrA v=k dkkZ nsonk%
88
ifjf'k"Ve~
nkuf;;k fHk{kqde~ vfHkizfS r lEcqe~ bPNfrA vr% fHk{kqdina lEiznkudkjde~A

lEiznkus prqFkhZ&foHkfDr% HkofrA
viknkudkjde~~ & /zoq eik;siknkue~A vik;s foHkkxs] ;r~ /zoq e~ vofkHkwre~ rr~
viknkua Hkofr] ;Fkk& o`{kkr~ iQya irfrA v=k iQyL; foHkkx% o`{kkr~ Hkofr] vr%
o`{k% /zoq % bfr viknkudkjde~A viknkus ipeh&foHkfDr% HkofrA
vf/dj.kdkjde~ & vkkkjksf/dj.ke~A dr`d
Z eZfu"Bf;k;k% vk/kjHkwra ;r~ orZr]s rr~
vf/dj.ka Hkofr] ;Fkk& fo|ky;s Nk=kk% iBfUrA v=k dkq%Z iBuf;k;k% vk/kj%
fo|ky;% vfkdj.kdkjde~A vf/dj.ks lIreh&foHkfDr% HkofrA
miinfoHkfDr%
ine~ vkfJR; ;k foHkfDr% lk miinfoHkfDr%A ;Fkk&
mHk;r%
ifjr%
loZr%
izfr
fud"kk
f/o~Q
lg
fouk
vye~
ue%
cfg%
mifj%
v/%
vUr%
nksuksa rjiQ (f}rh;k) unhe~ mHk;r% o`{kk% lfUrA

pkjksa rjiQ (f}rh;k) fo|ky;a ifjr% izkphje~ vfLrA
lHkh rjiQ (f}rh;k) xzkea loZr% f"k{ks=kkf.k lfUrA
dh vksj (f}rh;k) Nk=k% fo|ky;a izfr xPNfrA
lehi esa (f}rh;k) fo|ky;a fud"kk m|kue~ vfLrA
fuUnk (f}rh;k) ew[k f/o~QA
lfgr (r`rh;k) ckfydk ckyosQu lg [ksyfrA
vfrfjDr (r`rh;k@ipeh@f}rh;k) Kkusu fouk thoua o`FkkA
okj.k (r`rh;k) fooknsu vye~A
leFkZ (prqFkhZ) eYy% eYyk; vye~A
ueLdkj (prqFkhZ) fir`no
s k; ue%A
ckgj (ipeh) fo|ky;kr~ cfg% ckydk% [ksyfUrA
ij ("k"Bh) o`{kL; mifj eoZQVk% hMfUrA
uhsps ("k"Bh) o`{kL; v/% ifFkd% mifo'kfrA
Hkhrj ("k"Bh) fo|ky;L; vUr% Nk=kk% iBfUrA
89
'kCn:ikf.k
loZuke&'kCn%
,rr~ (iqf YyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
,"k%
,re~
,rsu
,rLeSs
,rLekr~
,rL;
,rfLeu~
f}opue~
,rkSS
,rkS
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,r;kss%
,r;kss%
cgqopue~
,rs
,rku~
,rS%
,rsH;%
,rsH;%
,rs"kke~
,rs"kq
,rr~ (L=khfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
,"kk
,rke~
,r;k
,rL;Ss
,rL;k%
,rL;k%
,rL;ke~
f}opue~
,rs
,rs
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,r;kss%
,r;kss%
cgqopue~
,rk%
,rk%
,rkfHk%
,rkH;%
,rkH;%
,rklke~
,rklq
,rr~ (uiql
a dfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
90
,dopue~
,rr~
,rr~
f}opue~
,rs
,rs
cgqopue~
,rkfu
,rkfu
ifjf'k"Ve~
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,rsu
,rLeSs
,rLekr~
,rL;
,rfLeu~
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,rkH;ke~
,r;kss%
,r;kss%
,rS%
,rsH;%
,rsH;%
,rs"kke~
,rs"kq
fo'ks"k%& loZuke'kCnkuka lEcks/us :ikf.k u HkofUrA
rr~ (iqf YyX)

foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
l%
re~
rsu
rLeSs
rLekr~
rL;
rfLeu~
f}opue~
rkS
rkS
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
r;kss%
r;kss%
cgqopue~
rs
rku~
rS%
rsH;%
rsH;%
rs"kke~
rs"kq
rr~ (L=khfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
lk
rke~
r;k
rL;Ss
rL;k%
rL;k%
rL;ke~
f}opue~
rs
rs
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
r;kss%
r;ks%
cgqopue~
rk%
rk%
rkfHk%
rkH;%
rkH;%
rklke~
rklq
91
rr~ (uiql
a dfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
rr~
rr~~
rsu
rLeSs
rLekr~
rL;
rfLeu~
f}opue~
rs
rs
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
rkH;ke~
r;kss%
r;kss%
cgqopue~
rkfu
rkfu
rS%
rsH;%
rsH;%
rs"kke~
rs"kq
fde~ (iqf YyX)

foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
d%
de~
osQu
dLeS
dLekr~
dL;
dfLeu~
f}opue~
dkS
dkS
dkH;ke~
dkH;ke~
dkH;ke~
d;ks%
d;ks%
cgqopue~
osQ
dku~
oSQ%
osQH;%
osQH;%
osQ"kke~
osQ"kq
fde~ (L=khfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
92
,dopue~
dk
dke~
d;k
f}opue~
osQ
osQ
dkH;ke~
cgqopue~
dk%
dk%
dkfHk%
ifjf'k"Ve~
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
dL;S
dL;k%
dL;k%
dL;ke~
dkH;ke~
dkH;ke~
d;ks%
d;ks%
dkH;%
dkH;%
dklke~
dklq
fde~ (uiql
a dfyX)
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
,dopue~
fde~
fde~
osQu
dLeS
dLekr~
dL;
dfLeu~
f}opue~
osQ
osQ
dkH;ke~
dkH;ke~
dkH;ke~
d;ks%
d;ks%
cgqopue~
dkfu
dkfu
oSQ%
osQH;%
osQH;%
osQ"kke~
osQ"kq
bdkjkUr&L=khfy&'kCn%
efr
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
lEcks/ue~
,dopue~
efr%
efre~
eR;k
eR;S@er;s
eR;k%@ers%
eR;k%@ers%
eR;ke~@erkS
gs ers!
f}opue~
erh
erh
efrH;ke~
efrH;ke~
efrH;ke~
eR;ks%
eR;ks%
gs erh!
cgqopue~
er;%
erh%
efrfHk%
efrH;%
efrH;%
erhuke~
efr"kq
gs er;%!
,oeso xfr&fLFkfr&'kfDr&izhfr&fr&bR;knhuke~ bdkjkUr&L=khfy& 'kCnkuka :ikf.k HkofUrA
93
bZdkjkUr&L=khfy& 'kCn%
unh
foHkfDr%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
izFkek
unh
u|kS
u|%
f}rh;k
unhe~
u|kS
unh%
r`rh;k
u|k
unhH;ke~
unhfHk%
prqFkhZ
u|S
unhH;ke~
unhH;%
ipeh
u|k%
unhH;ke~
unhH;%
"k"Bh
u|k%
u|ks%
unhuke~
lIreh
u|ke~
u|ks%
unh"kq
lEcks/ue~
gs ufn!
gs u|kS!
gs u|%!
,oeso Hkfxuh&ys[kuh&ekfuuh&iBUrh&bR;knhuke~ bZdkjkUr&L=khfy& 'kCnkuka :ikf.k HkofUrA
bdkjkUr&uiql
a dfy&'kCn%
okfj
foHkfDr%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
izFkek
okfj
okfj.kh
okjhf.k
f}rh;k
okfj
okfj.kh
okjhf.k
r`rh;k
okfj.kk
okfjH;ke~
okfjfHk%
prqFkhZ
okfj.ks
okfjH;ke~
okfjH;%
ipeh
okfj.k%
okfjH;ke~
okfjH;%
"k"Bh
okfj.k%
okfj.kks%
okjh.kke~
lIreh
okfjf.k
okfj.kks%
okfj"kq
lEcks/ue~
gs okfj! gs okjs!
gs okfj.kh!
gs okjhf.k!
94
ifjf'k"Ve~
dkjkUr&iqf y&'kCn%
fir`
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
lEcks/ue~
,dopue~
firk
firje~
fi=kk
fi=ks
firq%
firq%
firfj
gs fir%!
f}opue~
firjkS
firjkS
fir`H;ke~
fir`H;ke~
fir`H;ke~
fi=kks%
fi=kks%
gs firjkS!
cgqopue~
firj%
firu~
fir`fHk%
fir`H;%
fir`H;%
fir.kke~
fir`"kq
gs firj%!
,oeso Hkzkr`&tkekr`&nso` (nsoj)&bR;knhuke~ dkjkUr&iqfy&'kCnkuka :ikf.k HkofUrA

rù~&r`p~&izR;;kUrkuka nkr`&oDr`&/kr`&usr`&bR;knhuka rFkk Lol`&uIr`&{k=k`&gksr`&iksr`&'kCnkuka
izFkek&f}rh;k&foHkDR;ks% :is"kq nh?kZ% HkofrA ;Fkk&nkrk] nkrkjkS nkrkj%A ekr`'kCnL; f}rh;k
cgqopus ekr% Hkofr] vU;kfu :ikf.k lekukfu ,oA
mdkjkUr&uiql
a dfy& 'kCn%
e/q
foHkfDr%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
lEcks/ue~
,dopue~
e/q
e/q
e/quk
e/qus
e/qu%
e/qu%
e/qfu
gs e/q] gs e/ks!
f}opue~
e/quh
e/quh
e/qH;ke~
e/qH;ke~
e/qH;ke~
e/quks%
e/qukss%
gs e/quh!
cgqopue~
e/wfu
e/wfu
e/qfHk%
e/qH;%
e/qH;%
e/wuke~
e/q"kqq
gs e/wfu!
,oeso tkuq&rkyq&oLrq&bR;knhuke~ mdkjkUr&uiqald'kCnkuka :ikf.k HkofUrA
95
/krq&:ikf.k
pj~ (pyuk] pjuk)
yV~ydkj% (orZekudky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
pjfr
pjfl
pjkfe
f}opue~
pjr%
pjFk%
pjko%
cgqopue~
pjfUr
pjFk
pjke%
y`Vy
~ dkj% (Hkfo";Rdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
pfj";fr
pfj";fl
pfj";kfe
f}opue~
pfj";r%
pfj";Fk%
pfj";ko%
cgqopue~
pfj";fUr
pfj";Fk
pfj";ke%
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
vpjr~
vpj%
vpje~
f}opue~
vpjrke~
vpjre~
vpjko
cgqopue~
vpju~
vpjr
vpjke
yksV~ydkj% (vuqKk@vkns'k%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
96
,dopue~
pjrq
pj
pjkf.k
f}opue~
pjrke~
pjre~
pjko
cgqopue~
pjUrq
pjr
pjke
ifjf'k"Ve~
fof/fy~ydkj% (fof/%@lEHkkouk)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
pjsr~
pjs%
pjs;e~
f}opue~
pjsrke~
pjsre~
pjso
cgqopue~
pjs;q%
pjsr
pjse
,oeso gl~] py~] [ksy~] [kkn~] /ko~] j{k~] iwt~] owQnZ~] ir~] Hkze~] fy[k~] xe~ (xPN)] iB~]
hM~&bR;knhuka /krwuka :ikf.k HkofUrA
(djuk)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
djksfr
djksf"k
djksfe
f}opue~
oqQ#r%
oqQ#Fk%
oqQoZ%
cgqopue~
oqQoZfUr
oqQ#Fk
oqQeZ%
y`Vy
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
dfj";fr
dfj";fl
dfj";kfe
f}opue~
dfj";r%
dfj";Fk%
dfj";ko%
cgqopue~
dfj";fUr
dfj";Fk
dfj";ke%
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
vdjksr~
vdjks%
vdjoe~
f}opue~
voqQ#rke~
voqQ#re~
voqQoZ
cgqopue~
voqQoZu~
voqQ#r
voqQeZ
97
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
djksrq
f}opue~
oqQ#rke~
cgqopue~
oqQoZUrq
e;eiq#"k%
oqQ#
oqQ#re~
oqQ#r
mkeiq#"k%
djokf.k
djoko
djoke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
oqQ;kZr~
f}opue~
oqQ;kZrke~
cgqopue~
oqQ;Zq%
e;eiq#"k%
oqQ;kZ%
oqQ;kZre~
oqQ;kZr
mkeiq#"k%
oqQ;kZe~
oqQ;kZo
oqQ;kZe
ol~ (jguk)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
olfr
f}opue~
olr%
cgqopue~
olfUr
e;eiq#"k%
olfl
olFk%
olFk
mkeiq#"k%
olkfe
olko%
olke%
y`Vy
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
oRL;fr
f}opue~
oRL;r%
cgqopue~
oRL;fUr
e;eiq#"k%
oRL;fl
oRL;Fk%
oRL;Fk
mkeiq#"k%
oRL;kfe
oRL;ko%
oRL;ke%
98
ifjf'k"Ve~
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
volr~
vol%
vole~
f}opue~
volrke~
volre~
volko
cgqopue~
volu~
volr
volke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
olrq
ol
olkfu
f}opue~
olrke~
olre~
olko
cgqopue~
olUrq
olr
olke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
olsr~
ols%
ols;e~
f}opue~
olsrke~
olsre~
olso
cgqopue~
ols;q%
olsr
olse
n`'k~ (i';) ns[kuk

iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
i';fr
i';fl
i';kfe
f}opue~
i';r%
i';Fk%
i';ko%
cgqopue~
i';fUr
i';Fk
i';ke%
y`Vy
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
nz{;fr
nz{;fl
nz{;kfe
f}opue~
nz{;r%
nz{;Fk%
nz{;ko%
cgqopue~
nz{;fUr
nz{;Fk
nz{;ke%
99
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
vi';r~
vi';%
vi';e~
f}opue~
vi';rke~
vi';re~
vi';ko
cgqopue~
vi';u~
vi';r
vi';ke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
i';rq
i';
i';kfu
f}opue~
i';rke~
i';re~
i';ko
cgqopue~
i';Urq
i';r
i';ke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
i';sr~
i';s%
i';s;e~
f}opue~
i';srke~
i';sre~
i';so
cgqopue~
i';s;q%
i';sr
i';se
LFkk (fr"B) Bgjuk

iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
fr"Bfr
f}opue~
fr"Br%
cgqopue~
fr"BfUr
e;eiq#"k%
fr"Bfl
fr"BFk%
fr"BFk
mkeiq#"k%
fr"Bkfe
fr"Bko%
fr"Bke%
100
ifjf'k"Ve~
y`Vy
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
LFkkL;fr
f}opue~
LFkkL;r%
cgqopue~
LFkkL;fUr
e;eiq#"k%
LFkkL;fl
LFkkL;Fk%
LFkkL;Fk
mkeiq#"k%
LFkkL;kfe
LFkkL;ko%
LFkkL;ke%
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
vfr"Br~
f}opue~
vfr"Brke~
cgqopue~
vfr"Bu~
e;eiq#"k%
vfr"B%
vfr"Bre~
vfr"Br
mkeiq#"k%
vfr"Be~
vfr"Bko
vfr"Bke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
fr"Brq
f}opue~
fr"Brke~
cgqopue~
fr"BUrq
e;eiq#"k%
fr"B
fr"Bre~
fr"Br
mkeiq#"k%
fr"Bkfu
fr"Bko
fr"Bke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
fr"Bsr~
f}opue~
fr"Bsrke~
cgqopue~
fr"Bs;q%
e;eiq#"k%
fr"Bs%
fr"Bsre~
fr"Bsr
mkeiq#"k%
fr"Bs;e~
fr"Bso
fr"Bse
101
ip~ (idkuk)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
ipfr
ipfl
ipkfe
f}opue~
ipr%
ipFk%
ipko%
cgqopue~
ipfUr
ipFk
ipke%
y`Vy
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
i{;fr
i{;fl
i{;kfe
f}opue~
i{;r%
i{;Fk%
i{;ko%
cgqopue~
i{;fUr
i{;Fk
i{;ke%
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
vipr~
f}opue~
viprke~
cgqopue~
vipu~
e;eiq#"k%
vip%
vipre~
vipr
mkeiq#"k%
vipe~
vipko
vipke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
iprq
f}opue~
iprke~
cgqopue~
ipUrq
e;eiq#"k%
ip
ipre~
ipr
mkeiq#"k%
ipkfu
ipko
ipke
102
ifjf'k"Ve~
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
ipsr~
ips%
ips;e~
f}opue~
ipsrke~
ipsre~
ipso
cgqopue~
ips;q%
ipsr
ipse
ik (fic~) ihuk
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
ficfr
ficfl
fickfe
f}opue~
ficr%
ficFk%
ficko%
cgqopue~
ficfUr
ficFk
ficke%
y`Vy
iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k%
ikL;fr
ikL;r%
ikL;fUr
e;eiq#"k%
ikL;fl
ikL;Fk%
ikL;Fk
mkeiq#"k%
ikL;kfe
ikL;ko%
ikL;ke%
y~ydkj% (vrhrdky%)
iq#"k%
,dopue~
f}opue~
cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k%
vficr~
vficrke~
vficu~
e;eiq#"k%
vfic%
vficre~
vficr
mkeiq#"k%
vfice~
vficko
vficke
103
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
ficrq
fic
fickfu
f}opue~
ficrke~
ficre~
ficko
cgqopue~
ficUrq
ficr
ficke
iq#"k%
izFkeiq#"k%
e;eiq#"k%
mkeiq#"k%
,dopue~
ficsr~
fics%
fics;e~
f}opue~
ficsrke~
ficsre~
ficso
cgqopue~
fics;q%
ficsr
ficse
la[;kokpd'kCnk%
1
,d%
11
,dkn'k
}kS
12
}kn'k
=k;%
13
=k;ksn'k
pRokj%
14
prqn'Z k
ip
15
ipn'k
"kV~
16
"kksM'k
lIr
17
lIrn'k
v"V@v"VkS
18
v"Vkn'k
uo
19
uon'k@,dksuo'kfr%@uo'kfr%
10
n'k
20
o'kfr%
104
ifjf'k"Ve~
21
,do'kfr%
41
,dpRokj'kr~
22
}ko'kfr%
42
f}pRokj'kr~
23
=k;kso'kfr%
43
=k;'pRokj'kr~@f=kpRokj'kr~
24
prqfo'kfr%
44
prq'pRokj'kr~
25
ipo'kfr%
45
ippRokj'kr~
26
"kM~o'kfr%
46
"kV~pRokj'kr~
27
lIro'kfr%
47
lIrpRokj'kr~
28
v"Vko'kfr%
48
v"VpRokj'kr~@v"VkpRokj'kr~
29
uoo'kfr%@,dksu=k'kr~
49
uopRokj'kr~@,dksuipk'kr~
30
=k'kr~
50
ipk'kr~
31
,d=k'kr~
51
,dipk'kr~
32
}k=k'kr~
52
}kipk'kr~@f}ipk'kr~
33
=k;L=k'kr~
53
=k;%ipk'kr~@f=kipk'kr~
34
prqL=k'kr~
54
prq%ipk'kr~
35
ip=k'kr~
55
ipipk'kr~
36
"kV~=k'kr~
56
"kV~ipk'kr~
37
lIr=k'kr~
57
lIripk'kr~
38
v"Vk=k'kr~
58
v"Vkipk'kr~@v"Vipk'kr~
39
uo=k'kr~@,dksupRokj'kr~
59
uoipk'kr~@,dksu"kf"V%
40
pRokj'kr~
60
"kf"V%
105
61
,d"kf"V%
81
,dk'khfr%
62
}k"kf"V%@f}"kf"V%
82
}'khfr%
63
=k;""kf"V%@f=k"kf"V%
83
=;'khfr%
64
prq""kf"V%
84
prqj'khfr%
65
ip"kf"V%
85
ipk'khfr%
66
"kV~"kf"V%
86
"kM'khfr%
67
lIr"kf"V%
87
lIrk'khfr%
68
v"Vk"kf"V%@v"V"kf"V%
88
v"Vk'khfr%
69
uo"kf"V%@,dksulIrfr%
89
uok'khfr%@,dksuuofr%
70
lIrfr%
90
uofr%
71
72
,dlIrfr%
}klIrfr%@f}lIrfr%
91
,duofr%
92
}kuofr%@f}uofr%
73
f=klIrfr%@=k;LlIrfr%
93
=k;ksuofr%@f=kuofr%
74
prqLlIrfr%
75
iplIrfr%
94
95
prquoZ fr%
ipuofr%
76
"kV~lIrfr%
96
"k..kofr%
77
lIrlIrfr%
97
lIruofr%
78
v"VklIrfr%@v"VlIrfr%
98
v"Vkuofr%@v"Vuofr%
79
uolIrfr%@,dksuk'khfr%
99
uouofr%@,dksu'kre~
80
v'khfr%
100 'kre~
106
ifjf'k"Ve~
iwj.kokpd'kCnk%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
iqf yX
L=khfyX
uiqldfyX
izFke%
f}rh;%
r`rh;%
prqFkZ%
ipe%
"k"B%
lIre%
v"Ve%
uoe%
n'ke%
izFkek
f}rh;k
r`rh;k
prqFkhZ
ipeh
"k"Bh
lIreh
v"Veh
uoeh
n'keh
izFkee~
f}rh;e~
r`rh;e~
prqFkZe~
ipee~
"k"Be~
lIree~
v"Vee~
uoee~
n'kee~
107
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#fpjk

fnlacj 2006 ikS"k 1928

la'kksf/r ,oa ifjofZr laLdj.k

ekpZ 2010 pS=k 1932

108, 100 iQhV jksM

uothou VLV Hkou

eq[; mRiknu vfkdkjh

eq[; O;kikj izca/d

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,e- isij ij eqfnzrA

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lYi% flfnk;d% (/krqi;z ksx%)

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#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%

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& lalkj esa {kek

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js[kkfrinkfu vf/R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r&

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7- v/ksfyf[krins"kq /kro% osQ lfUr\

& jgrk Fkk

#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%

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eSoe~ (ek$,oe~) & ,slk ugha

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& dY;k.k dh bPNk

& nq"V cqf okyk

with the strength of wings

(x) vge~ mkja u nkL;kfeA

(?k) ;w;a HkLe [kknrA

#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%

4- etw"kkr% f;kina fpRok okD;kfu iwj;r&

7- etw"kkr% inkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

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#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%

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half past twelve

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3- fp=kkf.k x.kf;Rok rnxzs la[;kokpd'kCna fy[kr&

4- etw"kkr% vkuka rs inkfu fpuqr&

#fpjk & f}rh;ks Hkkx%

50 -------------------------5- fp=ka n`"V~ok etw"kkr% inkfu p iz;Tq ; okD;kfu jp;r&