()

: 10-2

. ,
(a) AB CD,
AB.
CD
(b).

P = K

,
.
220: I

2008

 : 10-3

(...)

,
:
,


=

X
= -fX
K

f ,
.


.
, (
),
.
220: I

2008

 : 10-4

(...)

.
, .
= 0,
.

220: I

2008

 : 10-5

10-1

. [K = 10 kips/in, w = 2 kips/ft, I = 288 in4, E = 30,000 kips/in2]
(a) .

, , (b).
:

B, =

XB
K

( )

.
(c) (d),

B0 + BB X =

XB
K

0 .

X
wL4
L3

+
X = B
8EI 3EI
K
220: II

2008

 : 10-6

10-1 (...)

X
2(1 /12)(18 12)4
(18 12)3
X = B

+
K
8(30, 000)(288)
3(30, 000)(288)
X B = 10.71 kips

B =

XB
10.71
=
= 1.071 in. ( )
10
K

220: II

2008

 : 10-7

(...)




.
(
fi) i (
cj) j ,

1 =

x =L

x =0

MM
dx + fi Pi Pi + c j M j M j
EI

P i
( )
j ( ).

220: I

2008

 : 10-8

:
:

()

Xi
:
1 +

R S

(
)

x =L
x = L NN
MM
VV
dx
K
dx
dx +
+
+
 

x = 0 EI
x =0
x = 0 EA
GA
 

x =L

()

x =L
m
Mdx
+
i Pi Pi + c j M j M j
x =0 c
x =0 Ndx + f


x =L

[], [V] [N]
220: I

2008

 : 10-9

:

s
Xi.
,

:
i = S

i 0 + ii X i = S

: S
,
i0 (
0).
s
Xi.
,
.
0, i0,
:
220: I

2008

 : 10-10

:
() ,
R S
1 i 0 + R S =

MM
dx
EI

()
( ),
is
i0 (. 9-1)
: S
i0,
0.

220: I

2008

 : 10-11

:
()
Xi.
,

:
i = fi X i

i 0 + ii X i = fi X i

i = c i X i

i 0 + ii X i = ci X i

fi = ., ci = .
Xi.
,
, i0 ij,
:
1 =

MM
EI dx + fk Pk Pk + c j M j M j

220: I

2008

 : 10-12

:


0, i0
:
1 i0 =

m
x =0 c Mdx +
x =L

220: I

x =L

x =0

Ndx

2008

 : 10-13

:
n , n,
n :
1 + f11 X1 + f12 X 2 + " + f1n X n = 0
2 + f21 X1 + f22 X 2 + " + f2n X n = 0
#
n + fn1 X1 + fn2 X2 + " + fnn X n = 0

1, 2,, n
, ,
.

220: I

2008

 : 10-14

: (...)

:
f11
f
21
#

fn1

f12 " f1n X1

1

f22 " f2n X2
= 2
#
# " # #


fn2 " fnn X n
n

f { X } = {}

Betti-Maxwell fij=fji (
[f] )
.

.
220: I

2008