bài giảng

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{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw3663\absh272 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Qu
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63 \u7907\'3f}ng ton di{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n \par
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ay qu trnh ton c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u ha, tnh c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh tranh, nhu c{\f63 \u7
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}i. Cc doanh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p mu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}n t{\f63 \u7891\'3f}n t{\f
63 \u7841\'3f}i
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f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}a ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u79
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\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ng

ay t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i c{\f63 \u7893\'
3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i, tuy nhin ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u43
2\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng l m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t khi ni{\f63 \u
7879\'3f}m gy nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tr
anh ci.
i719 Ty theo {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f
}ng s{\f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng, t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} "ch{\f63 \u7845\
'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng" c ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a khc nhau. Ng{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t coi ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f
}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng l {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} phi
lm {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}p {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng cc qui
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh v yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u do
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khc
h hng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t ra, {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\
f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c khch hng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{
\f63 \u7853\'3f}n. Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c so snh v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i th{\f63 \u7911\'3f} c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh tranh v {
\f63 \u273\'3f}i km theo cc chi ph, gi c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}. Do con
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ng
{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i v n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n v{\f63 \u259\'3f}n ha
trn th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i khc nhau, nn cch hi{\f63 \u7875\
'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ch{\f63 \u78
45\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u
7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u36
1\'3f}ng khc nhau.
i719 Ni nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y khng ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ch{\f63 \
u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng l m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t khi ni{\f63
\u7879\'3f}m qu tr{\f63 \u7915\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63
\u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
\f63 \u7913\'3f}c ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i ta khng th{\f63 \u7875\'3f
} {\f63 \u273\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t cch di
{\f63 \u7877\'3f}n gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, m{\f6
3 \u7863\'3f}c d \par
}
1 \par
}
\sect\sectd\pard\plain
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
}}\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh2568 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23
\cf0 Qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432
\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng ton di{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh2568 \sl-460 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \fi3
60 s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} cn lun lun thay {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i. T{\f63 \u
7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} v{\f63 \u
7873\'3f} Ti{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ha ISO, trong d{\f63 \u7921\
'3f}
60 th{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o DIS 9000:2000, {\f63 \u273\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u4
32\'3f}a ra {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a sau:
079 {\b\i "Ch}{\b\i {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b\i t}{\b\i l}{\b\i {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f
63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i l}{\b\i kh}{\b\i {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b\i n{\f63
\u259\'3f}ng}{\b\i c}{\b\i {\f63 \u7911\'3f}}{\b\i a}{\b\i t}{\b\i {\f63 \u785
3\'3f}}{\b\i p}{\b\i h}{\b\i {\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b\i p}{\b\i cc}{\b\i {\f63 \u
273\'3f}}{\b\i {\f63 \u7863\'3f}}{\b\i c}{\b\i tnh}{\b\i c}{\b\i {\f63 \u7911\'
3f}}{\b\i a}{\b\i m}{\b\i {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b\i t}{\b\i s}{\b\i {\f63 \u7843
\'3f}}{\b\i n}{\b\i ph}{\b\i {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b\i m, }
60 {\b\i h}{\b\i {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b\i th}{\b\i {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\
b\i hay}{\b\i qa}{\b\i trnh}{\b\i {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b\i {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b
\i {\f63 \u273\'3f}p}{\b\i {\f63 \u7913\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i cc}{\b\i yu}{\b\i
c}{\b\i {\f63 \u7847\'3f}}{\b\i u}{\b\i c}{\b\i {\f63 \u7911\'3f}}{\b\i a}{\b\i
khch}{\b\i hng}{\b\i v}{\b\i cc}{\b\i bn}{\b\i c }
60 {\b\i lin}{\b\i quan". }

079 {\f63 \u7902\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}y yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u l cc nhu c{\f63 \u784
7\'3f}u v mong {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f
}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c cng b{\f63 \u7889\'3f}, ng{\f63 \u7909\'3f} hay b{\f63 \u7855
\'3f}t
40 bu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c theo t{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p qun
079 b. {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m c{
\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng: \pa
r
}
{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy3872\absw786\absh272 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng: \par
}
{\phpg\posx2424\pvpg\posy3574\absw9286\absh831 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 T
{\f63 \u7915\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a trn
ta rt ra m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u78
63\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sau {\f63 \u273\'3f}y c{\f63 \u7
911\'3f}a khi ni{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx2424\pvpg\posy3574\absw9286\absh831 \sl-311 \par\f10 \fs23 \cf0
{\f40 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907
\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}o b{\
f63 \u7903\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} th{\f63 \u7887\'3f}a mn nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f
}u. N{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7847\'
3f}m v l \par
}
do no {\f63 \u273\'3f} m khng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c nhu
c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n th ph{\f63 \u7843\
'3f}i b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} coi l c ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u790
7\'3f}ng km,
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cho
d trnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}
{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f} c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} r{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t h
i{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i. {\f63 \u272\'3f}y l
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 m{\
f63 \u7897\'3f}t k{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t lu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n then ch{\f63 \u7889\'3
f}t v l c{\f63 \u417\'3f} s{\f63 \u7903\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} cc n
h ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63
\u7883\'3f}nh ra chnh sch,
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 chi
{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c kinh doanh c{\f63 \u7911\
'3f}a mnh.
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-323 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \fi
360 {\f40 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Do ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3
f}o b{\f63 \u7903\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} th{\f63 \u7887\'3f}a mn nhu c{\f63 \u7
847\'3f}u, m nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u lun lun
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 bi{
\f63 \u7871\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng nn ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng lun lun bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng theo th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i gian, khng gian,
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 {\f
63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ki{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63
\u7909\'3f}ng.
360 {\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Khi {\f63 \u273\'3f}nh gi ch{\f63 \u7845\'
3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}

t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng, ta ph
{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i xt v ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} xt {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
f63 \u7885\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c tnh c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a {\f63
\u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c lin quan {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} th{\f63 \u7887\'3f}a mn nh{\f63
\u7919\'3f}ng nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}.
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Cc n
hu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u ny khng ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} pha khch hng m c
t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} cc bn c lin quan, v
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 d{\
f63 \u7909\'3f} nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} cc yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u mang tnh php ch{\f63 \u
7871\'3f}, nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a c{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f}ng x h{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i.
360 {\f40 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c cng b{\f63 \u7889\'3f} r rng d{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i d{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng cc qui {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63
\u7883\'3f}nh, tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nh{
\f63 \u432\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng c nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'
3f}u khng th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} miu t{\f63 \u7843\'3f} r rng, ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7901\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} c
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 th{
\f63 \u7875\'3f} c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n chng, ho{\f63 \u7863\'3
f}c c khi ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} pht hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432
\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c trong chng trong qu trnh
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 s{\
f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng.
360 {\f40 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u
7907\'3f}ng khng phi ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} l thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c tnh c{\f63 \u7911\
'3f}a s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m, hng ha m ta v{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hi{
\f63 \u7875\'3f}u hng ngy. Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}
ng c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng cho m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t h{\f63 \u7
879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng, m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t qu trnh.
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Khi
ni{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng t
rn {\f63 \u273\'3f}y {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c g{\f63 \u7
885\'3f}i l ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng theo ngh{\f
63 \u297\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7865\'3f}p. R rng
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khi
ni {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7907\'3f}ng chng ta khng th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} qua cc y{\f63 \
u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} gi c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} v d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63
\u7909\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 sau
khi bn, v{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} giao hng {\f63 \u27
3\'3f}ng lc, {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7841\'3f}n {\f63 \u27
3\'3f} l nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} m
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khch
hng no c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng quan tm sau khi th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}y s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m m h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh m
ua th{\f63 \u7887\'3f}a mn
\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy4496\absw9639\absh5994 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nhu
c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}. \par
}
Ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} tiu \par

}
3.{\b \fs23
Ch}{\b \fs23 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b \fs23 t}{\b \fs23 l}{\b \fs2
3 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b \fs23 ng}{\b \fs23 trong}{\b \fs23 s}{
\b \fs23 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b \fs23 n}{\b \fs23 xu}{\b \fs23 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}
}{\b \fs23 t}{\b \fs23 ch}{\b \fs23 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b \fs23 t}{\b \fs23 {\
f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b \fs23 o}{\b \fs23 v}{\b \fs23 trong}{\b \fs23 d}{\b \fs23
{\f63 \u7883\'3f}}{\b \fs23 ch}{\b \fs23 v}{\b \fs23 {\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b \fs2
3 . }
\par}{\phpg\posx2604\pvpg\posy13544\absw8618\absh1089 \sl-304 \par\f10 \fs21 \cf
0 \fi2198 {\fs23 Ch}{\fs23 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\fs23 t}{\fs23
l}{\fs23 {\f63
\u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\fs23 ng}{\fs23
trong}{\fs23
s}{\fs23 {\f63
\u7843\'3f}}{\fs23 n}{\fs23
Ch}{\fs23 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\fs23 t}{\fs23 l}{
\fs23 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\fs23 ng}{\fs23 trong}{\fs23 d}{\fs23
{\f63 \u7883\'3f}}{\fs23 ch}{\fs23 v}{\fs23 {\f63 \u7909\'3f} }
i2198 {\fs23 xu}{\fs23 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\fs23 t,}{\fs23 ch}{\fs23 {\f63 \u787
1\'3f}}{\fs23 t}{\fs23 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\fs23 o }\par
}
2 \par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
\cf0 Qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\
'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng ton di{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n \par
}
{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-298 \par\f10 \fs23 \cf0
\par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-298 \par\f10 \fs23 \cf0
\par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy1202\absw110\absh2950 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 - \p
ar
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy1192\absw9390\absh272 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 N
hu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u khch hang
D{\f63 \u7877\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n di{\f
63 \u7879\'3f}n v {\f63 \u273\'3f}o l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng
Kh n
h{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n di{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n v {\f63 \u273\'3f}o \par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy1490\absw3868\absh810 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Tn
h
chuyn
bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t Th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p - t
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy1490\absw3868\absh810 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ha
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy1490\absw3868\absh810 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 {\f6
3 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u ra cc h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng H
{\f63 \u7919\'3f}u hnh \par
}
{\phpg\posx7906\pvpg\posy1490\absw745\absh537 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx7906\pvpg\posy1490\absw745\absh537 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Cao \
par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy2388\absw9292\absh810 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Cc
tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f
}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ha b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}n
g cc H{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} v hnh
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy2388\absw9292\absh810 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng
tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}
n c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
Khng th{\f63 \u7875\'
3f} c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ha
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy2388\absw9292\absh810 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 S{\f
63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
C th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} thay th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} v s{\f63 \u7917\'3f}a {\f63
\u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng cc tiu chu{\f6
3 \u7849\'3f}n \par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy3284\absw2387\absh810 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 t
h{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy3284\absw2387\absh810 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 S{\f
63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v tiu th{\f63 \u7909\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy3284\absw2387\absh810 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 T{\f

63 \u7891\'3f}n kho \par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy4182\absw771\absh805 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Ki
{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy4182\absw771\absh805 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{\f6
3 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy4182\absw771\absh805 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 giao
\par
}
{\phpg\posx3367\pvpg\posy4192\absw694\absh531 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \fi72 \f10 \fs23 \
cf0 tra
\par}{\phpg\posx3367\pvpg\posy4192\absw694\absh531 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tr{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c \par
}
3 \cf0 ch{\f63 \u7919\'3f}a
\fi685 Khng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx4116\pvpg\posy3284\absw2847\absh1348 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ch{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t C
143 khi Ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\
'3f}c \par
}
{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy5106\absw110\absh781 \f10 \fs21 \cf0 \f10 \fs21 \cf0 \par}{\phpg\posx2058\pvpg\posy5106\absw110\absh781 \sl-298 \par\f10 \fs21 \cf0 {
\fs23 - }\par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy5078\absw3543\absh537 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 C
s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} lin quan c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Khng
\par}{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy5078\absw3543\absh537 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khch
hng \par
}
{\phpg\posx2418\pvpg\posy5676\absw1387\absh272 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 N
gu{\f63 \u7891\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c \par
}
{\phpg\posx4802\pvpg\posy5676\absw611\absh272 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 V{
\f63 \u7889\'3f}n \par
}
c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx7906\pvpg\posy3284\absw3253\absh2694 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Khng
th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} thay th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} v s{\f63 \u7917\'3f}a
\f63 \u7919\'3f}a
63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c
C lin quan
Con ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i \par
}
Nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y chng ta {\f63 \u273\'3f} bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f
}t s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m trong s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u
7845\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o v trong d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v

{\f63 \u7909\'3f} c nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
f63 \u7921\'3f} khc bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t. {\f63 \u272\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ny t
{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng cch th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c ti{\f63 \u78
71\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n khc nhau trong vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c xc {\f63 \u273\'3
f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cc
tiu th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}o
l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f
63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a hai lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i hnh ny. V{\f63
\u7845\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ny {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u786
3\'3f}t ra
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ph{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong dich v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} khc v{\f63 \u7
899\'3f}i trong s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\
f63 \u7841\'3f}o. tuy
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nhin
s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}
o c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} xem nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7853\
'3f}p h{\f63 \u7907\'3f}p cc d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} t{\f63 \u432
\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng quan nhau.
63 \u272\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u {\f63 \u273\'3f} khng ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} ph{\f63
\u7843\'3f}n nh trong m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i quan h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7919
\'3f}a cng ty v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i khch hng m cn
f63 \u7889\'3f}i quan h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} trong n{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i b{\f63 \u7897
\'3f} t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c. T{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919
\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} khc nhau {\f63 \u273\'3f} d{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u2
73\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f
}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tro
ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3
f}o v trong d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng c nh{\f63
\u7919\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} khc bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t nhau.
\fi1079 {\b 4.}{\b Cc}{\b y}{\b {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b u}{\b t}{\b {\f63 \u78
89\'3f}}{\b {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b nh}{\b h}{\b {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3
f}}{\b ng}{\b {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b n}{\b ch}{\b {\f63 \u
7845\'3f}}{\b t}{\b l}{\b {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b ng. }
360 {\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}} Nhm y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}
bn ngoi doanh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p.
720 {\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a
n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}: Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\
'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m bao gi{\f63 \u7
901\'3f} c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} chi ph{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i,
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 rng
bu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c b{\f63 \u7903\'3f}i hon c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh {\f63 \u273\'3f
}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ki{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n v nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u nh{\f63 \u784
5\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a n{\f63 \u7873\'3
f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c t
h{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hi{
\f63 \u7879\'3f}n {\f63 \u7903\'3f} cc m{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t:
1079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a th
{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng: Ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i th

eo di, n{\f63 \u7855\'3f}m ch{\f63 \u7855\'3f}c, {\f63 \u273\'3f}nh gi {\f63 \u273\
'3f}ng tnh
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hnh
v {\f63 \u273\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7887\'3f}i c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a th{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr
{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng m c l{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i sch {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7855\'3f}n.
1079 {\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Trnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} ki
nh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}, trnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t: Mu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'
3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u ra c ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{\
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t th trn c{\f63 \u417\'3f} s{\
f63 \u7903\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, nng cao trnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} s{\f63 \u78
43\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, trnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 kin
h t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}. Do {\f63 \u273\'3f}, ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{
\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7907\'3f}ng qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f
63 \u7907\'3f}ng cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}
{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng
f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m ngay t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\
f63 \u7847\'3f}u trong qu trnh s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v qu trnh pht
tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}.
1079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Chnh sch kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}: H{\f63 \u432\'
3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f}, pht
tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m theo nhu c{\f63 \
u7847\'3f}u
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy6882\absw9992\absh7392 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 c{\
f63 \u7911\'3f}a chnh sch kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c dn. Ch{\f63
\u7859\'3f}ng h{\f63 \u7841\'3f}n, chnh sch khuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n khch s{\f63 \u78
43\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
\f63 \u7849\'3f}m g v khng khuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n khch s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \
u7845\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m g, khuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n khc
h s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
\f63 \u7849\'3f}m no, khch l{\f63 \u7879\'3f} ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
lao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng ra sao{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 188 \\f
Symbol }}
1079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Cc chnh sch gi c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}.
720 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} S{\f63 \u7921\'3f} pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n cua k
hoa h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c, cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f}.
1079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Sng t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t
li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i hay v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t li{\f63 \u7879\
'3f}u thay th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} \par
}
3 \par
}

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
\fi1079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
C{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ha
y {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
, s{\f63 \u7855\'3f}p x{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p cc dy chuy{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n h{\f63 \u79
07\'3f}p l nh{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ti{\
f63 \u7871\'3f}t ki{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m cho n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871
\'3f} mang l{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} nhanh chn
g.
079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
C{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n s{\f63
\u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m c{\f63 \u361\'3f} v ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} th{\f6
3 \u7917\'3f} s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i nh{\f
63 \u7857\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f}p {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}ch v nhu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t cch t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}
t h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} l:{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} b{\f6

3 \u7873\'3f}n, {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} an ton, tnh ch{\f63 \u7883\'3f}u
l{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c, tnh an
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ton s
{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c kh{\f63 \u7887\'3f}e cho ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
tiu dung{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 188 \\f Symbol }}
20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u l{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c c{\f63 \u
7911\'3f}a c{\f63 \u417\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l:
079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f
} c k{\f63 \u7871\'3f} ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ch chi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n l{\f63 \u432\'
3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c.
079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Gi c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i {\f63
\u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh m{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c theo ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng.
079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
Chnh sch {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f6
3 \u432\'3f} chi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u su cho cng tc {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7909\
'3f}ng
079 {\f40 {\f63 \u61607\'3f}}
C c{\f63 \u417\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \
u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ch{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng.
60 {\f40 \fs21 {\f63 \u61656\'3f}}
Nhm y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}
bn trong doanh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p: chng ta {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c
bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t ch {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n 4 y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u
t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 c{\f
63 \u417\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n {\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh h{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7
903\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\
'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m.
20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Men: con ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i, l{\
f63 \u7921\'3f}c l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng lao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63
\u7897\'3f}ng (y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} quan tr{\f63 \u7885\'3f}ng
nh{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t)
20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Methods: ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php
qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l {\f63 \u273\'3f}o l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}n
g s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
ki{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n cho doanh
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nghi
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} khai thc t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t nh{\f63 \u78
45\'3f}t ngu{\f63 \u7891\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n c, gp ph{\
f63 \u7847\'3f}n nng cao ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}n
g
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 s{\f
63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m.
20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Machines: kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f} n{\f63 \u259\'3f}n
g v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f}, my mc thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t b{\f
63 \u7883\'3f} tc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng nng cao
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nh{\
f63 \u7919\'3f}ng tnh n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}
t c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m v n{\f63 \u259\'3f
}ng su{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t lao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng.
20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Materials: v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t t{\f63 \u432\'3f},

nguyn nhin li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u v h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng cung c{\
f63 \u7845\'3f}p s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cung
c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7907\'3f}ng, {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7841\'3f}n {\f63
\u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\'3
f}o v nng cao ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7
843\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ph{\
f63 \u7849\'3f}m
40 Ngoi 4 y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} c{\f63 \u417\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\
'3f}n trn, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng cn ch{\f63 \u
7883\'3f}u {\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh h{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng cc y{\f63 \u7
871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} khc:
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh6852 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Info
rmation, Environment, Measure, System{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 188 \\f Symbol }}
\par
}
{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy8946\absw263\absh259 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \b \f10 \fs23 \
cf0 II. \par
}
{\phpg\posx2784\pvpg\posy8936\absw7514\absh272 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \b \f10 \fs23
\cf0 L{\f63 \u7882\'3f}CH S{\f63 \u7916\'3f} PHT TRI{\f63 \u7874\'3f}N C{\f63 \u7
910\'3f}A CC T{\f63 \u431\'3f} T{\f63 \u431\'3f}{\f63 \u7902\'3f}NG CH{\f63 \u784
4\'3f}T L{\f63 \u431\'3f}{\f63 \u7906\'3f}NG \par
}
3 \cf0 {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} thng hi{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7847\
'3f}m quan tr{\f63 \u7885\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63
\u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong kinh doanh hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n nay, chng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ta
hy xem xt khi qut v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} l{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch s{\f63 \u7917\'3f} pht tri{
\f63 \u7875\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a n.
540 - Tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c cch m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng cng nghi{\f63
\u7879\'3f}p, lao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7911\'3f} cng ho
{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng trong c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
h{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} v ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f}
t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o, h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c v{\f63 \u7899\'3f
}i t{\f63 \u432\'3f} cch v{\f63 \u7915\'3f}a l ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}
i s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7915\'3f}a l
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ng{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra, h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} t
{\f63 \u7921\'3f} xy d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{
\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng cho s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m c{\f63 \u7911\'3
f}a mnh thng qua kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 n{\
f63 \u259\'3f}ng, ti ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f} c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}
Khng thng hi{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u mong mu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}n v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ch{\f
63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a khch hng.
540 - Cch m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng cng nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p: Khi ni{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
m "nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng chi ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} thay th{\
f63 \u7871\'3f} cho
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nha
u" c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Honorix Le Blanc, c{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}

i khi ni{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Frederick W. Taylor v{\f63 \u7873\
'3f} "qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tr{
\f63 \u7883\'3f} m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t cch khoa h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c" {\f63 \u273\'3
f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng {\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh h{\f63 \u432\
'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i v
{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. B{
\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cch
t{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p trung vo hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} c{\f63 \u79
11\'3f}a s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v chia cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c
thnh nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng b{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c cng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 vi{
\f63 \u7879\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u7887\'3f}, dy chuy{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3
f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i
{\f63 \u273\'3f} ph hu{\f63 \u7927\'3f} h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng
s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t truy{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7889\'
3f}ng.
63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\
'3f}o s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{
\f63 \u7907\'3f}c s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t cc
h chnh xc ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i ta d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}a vo b{\f63 \u7
897\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 "ki
{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng"
. B{\f63 \u7897\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n ny th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\
'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra ch{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. V
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 do
v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y, vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c phn lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7843\
'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m thnh t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t v x{\f63 \u7845\'3f}u tr{\f63
\u7903\'3f} thnh t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng chnh trong {\f63 \u273\'3f}{
\f63 \u7843\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 b{\
f63 \u7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng.
540 - M{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3
f}i tin phong trong ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f
}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng, nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} Walter Shewhart,
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Har
old Dodge, George Edwards, {\f63 \u273\'3f} pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n l thuy{\f63 \
u7871\'3f}t v ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i v{\f63
\u7873\'3f} ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy9534\absw9992\absh5115 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 sot
v duy tr ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. Bi{\f63 \u7875
\'3f}u {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f} ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot, k{\f63 \u297\'
3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t l{\f63 \u7845\'3f}y m{\f63 \u7851\'3f}u, v cng c{\f63 \u
7909\'3f} phn tch
h t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} l n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n t{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng cho nh{\f63 \u791
9\'3f}ng ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3
f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{
\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng tin ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n. \par
}
4 \par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
3 \cf0 Qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u43
2\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng ton di{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n
540 - Sau chi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n tranh th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i
II, Deming v Juran {\f63 \u273\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i thi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u k
i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k ch
o cc cng nhn Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t. M{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c d khng c nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
khc bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t so
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v{\
f63 \u7899\'3f}i M{\f63 \u7929\'3f} , nh{\f63 \u432\'3f}ng n c m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t
s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} khc bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t mang tnh s{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng cn. H{\f
63 \u7885\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f} tin {\f63 \u273\'3f}on cho
\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng nh qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}
p cao Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t B{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n r{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7

843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u790
7\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} m{\f63 \u7903\'3f} ra m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t th{\f63 \u
7883\'3f}
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i v {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \
u7873\'3f}u {\f63 \u273\'3f} c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t cho s{\f63
\u7921\'3f} s{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng cn c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c gia
h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}. Nh qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tin
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 t{\
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng, v {\f63 \u7911\'3f}ng h{\f63 \u7897\'3f} hon t
on nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng khi ni{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i c{\f63 \u784
3\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\
'3f}ng. H{\f63 \u417\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7871\'3f},
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f} c m{\f63 \
u7897\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7883\'3f} th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} l t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u790
3\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} n{\f63 \u7855\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7855\'3f
}t tri{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t l ny. {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t n{\f63 \u432\'3f
}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tn ph
f63 \u7903\'3f}i chi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n tranh, v h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} c r{\f63 \u7845
\'3f}t t ngu{\f63 \u7891\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ngo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i tr{\f63
\u7915\'3f} con ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i. Trong su{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t
20 n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m,
ng khi ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7843\'
3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f
}ng v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}
{\f63 \u7897\'3f} ch{\f63 \u432\'3f}a t{\f63 \u7915\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}y
th m{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i ph{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng Ty b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}nh tr{\f63 \
u7879\'3f}. Nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng nh s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t ch{
\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng Ty t
f63 \u7853\'3f}p trung vo ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}
ng. M{\f63 \u297\'3f} c m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\
f63 \u7897\'3f}c quy{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n trong s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\
'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o, v n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n
h t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} sau chi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n tranh g{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n nh{\f63
\u432\'3f} "{\f63 \u273\'3f}i" m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \
u7849\'3f}m tiu dng. Nh qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n tr{\f63 \u7883\'3f} c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}
p cao
f63 \u7853\'3f}p trung vo marketing, s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u
7907\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f
63 \u7843\'3f} ti chnh.
\fi360 H{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c thuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t Qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l ch{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Deming
540 H{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c thuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432
\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Deming v nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng y{\f6
3 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} nng cao ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'
3f}c tm t{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t trong "H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng nh{\f

63 \u7919\'3f}ng ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c su r{\f63 \u7897\'3f}n
g". Nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ny {
\f63 \u273\'3f} bin so{\f63 \u7841\'3f}n thnh 4 y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'
3f} chnh:
540 {\f0\fs30 \bullet } {\f63 \u272\'3f}nh gi {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}
t h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng
540 {\f0\fs30 \bullet } Hi{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7873\
'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f
}ng trong qu trnh th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f}
540 {\f0\fs30 \bullet } Nguyn l c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \
u7913\'3f}c
540 {\f0\fs30 \bullet } Hi{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7873\
'3f} tm l h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c v hnh vi c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a con ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f
63 \u7901\'3f}i.
540 Trong tc ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m "Thot kh{\f63 \u7887\'3f}i c{\f63 \u417\'3f}n kh
{\f63 \u7911\'3f}ng ho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng", ng {\f63 \u273\'3f} d{\f63 \u432\'3f}a
ra 14 {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m nh{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Qu{
\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i v{\f63
\u7899\'3f}i v{\f63 \u259\'3f}n ha M{\f63 \u7929\'3f}, nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng tha
y {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y khng
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7
853\'3f}n d{\f63 \u7877\'3f} dng. Chnh v v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y {\f63 \u273\'3f} khi{\f
63 \u7871\'3f}n cho n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n cng nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p M{\f63 \u7929\
'3f} khng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng k{\f63 \u7
871\'3f}t qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} {\f63 \u7845\'3f}n t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'
3f}ng nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f
}t {\f63 \u273\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u43
2\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c.
540 1. Xy d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c {\f63 \u
273\'3f}ch b{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n dnh cho s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} c{\
f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m v
d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch
f63 \u7909\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c tiu {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7875\'3f} c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh tranh, t{\f63 \u7891\'3f
}n t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i trong gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i kinh doanh, v ti{\f63 \u7871\'3
f}p t{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ra
cng {\f63 \u259\'3f}n vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c lm.
540 2. Ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l ph{\f63 \u7843
\'3f}i th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c t
rch nhi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a mnh v {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3
f}m nhi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m v{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr
f63 \u7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u trong m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i th
ay {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i.

540 3. Xy d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}ng ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m ngay t
{\f63 \u7915\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u vo.
540 4. {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f} th{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i
gian v ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c gip c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63
\u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v gi{\f63
\u7843\'3f}m thi{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u ton b{\f63 \u7897\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 chi
ph. L{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i nhu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\
f63 \u7907\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra b{\f63 \u7903\'3f}i cc khch hng trung thnh v
th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng xuyn.
540 5. Qu trnh khng bao gi{\f63 \u7901\'3f} hon ton t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i {\f63 \u432\'
3f}u. Ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i lun lun c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n v hon
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 thi
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n k{\f63 \u7871\'3f} ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ch, s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m, d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f}. Nng cao ch{\f63 \
u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng su{\f63 \u
7845\'3f}t d{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n gi{\f63 \u7843
\'3f}m
f63 \u7899\'3f}t chi ph {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f}.
540 6. Ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n hnh cc l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}p hu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n luy{\f
63 \u7879\'3f}n cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c. {\f63 \u272\'3f}y l nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng
ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng h{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng n
gy
f63 \u7911\'3f}a m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i nhn vin trong doanh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p.
540 7. Hu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n luy{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n cch th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c lnh {\f
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o. M{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c tiu c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a s{\f
63 \u7921\'3f} gim st l gip {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7905\'3f} nhn
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 vin,
v c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t b{\f63 \u7883\'
3f} v my mc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} lm cho cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c t{\f63
\u7889\'3f}t h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n. S{\f63 \u7921\'3f} gim st trong
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 qu{
\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l, trong vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m tra c{\f63 \
u361\'3f}ng k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7905\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u43
2\'3f} vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c gim st cc cng nhn s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 xu{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t.
540 8 {\b .} N{\f63 \u7895\'3f}i lo s{\f63 \u7907\'3f} b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} ph{\f
63 \u7841\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} d{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7
871\'3f}n tn ph. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} cc nguyn nhn gy ra n{\f63 \u7
895\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7907\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hi,
nh{\f63 \u7901\'3f} v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}y m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\
f63 \u7901\'3f}i c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} yn tm lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c m{\f63 \u7897\'
3f}t cch c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n cho cng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ty.
540 9. Ph v{\f63 \u7905\'3f} cc ro c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n gi{\f63 \u7919\'3f}a nhn vin cc
phng ban. Nhn vin c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a phng thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 k{\

f63 \u7871\'3f}, nghin c{\f63 \u7913\'3f}u kinh doanh hay s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o thnh m{\f63 \u7897\'3f
}t nhm lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c, {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} cng
\fi8520 {\fs21 5 }\par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a32e41238e09f5ff1a92a06ea7ea7f9d7362672828f2b
6aeddede5601dbcfa0fd7fc68de7d07ebfe34ca2b93db55fe797f5ff000df9f7603f79f41faff8d1
bcfa0fd7fc699451edaaff003cbfaff86fcfbb01fbcfa0fd7fc68de7d07ebfe34ca28f6d57f9e5fd
7fc37e7dd80fde7d07ebfe346f3e83f5ff001a65147b6abfcf2febfe1bf3eec07ef3e83f5ff1a379
f41faff8d328a3db55fe797f5ff0df9f7603f79f41faff008d1bcfa0fd7fc699451edaaff3cbfaff
0086fcfbb01fbcfa0fd7fc68de7d07ebfe34ca28f6d57f9e5fd7fc37e7dd80fde7d07ebfe346f3e8
3f5ff1a65147b6abfcf2febfe1bf3eec07ef3e83f5ff001a907201f502a0a9d7a0fa0fe55d387a93
9ca4a526d28dd5fd520168a28aeb00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2
8a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2
8a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168
a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800
a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800
a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d4
0dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a2
8a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a28
00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597
e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83
f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a
2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a00
28a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0b
f1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2
1ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00
a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4f
f3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a2
8a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a28
00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28
a2b88028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153a
f41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3faa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a
2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9fe753d40dd4fd4ff3ae4c5ed0f597e4804a28a2b88028a28a0028a28a00
28a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a002a75e83e83f954153af41f41fcabab0bf1cbfc3f
aa0168a28aee00a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2
8a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a81ba9fa9f
e753d376a9edfa9ff1ac2bd295451516959bbddbeb6ec9810d1536c5f4fd4ff8d1b17d3f53fe35cf
f55a9fcd0fbe5ffc8810d1536c5f4fd4ff008d1b17d3f53fe347d56a7f343ef97ff22043454db17d
3f53fe346c5f4fd4ff008d1f55a9fcd0fbe5ff00c8810d1536c5f4fd4ff8d1b17d3f53fe347d56a7
f343ef97ff0022043454db17d3f53fe346c5f4fd4ff8d1f55a9fcd0fbe5ffc8810d1536c5f4fd4ff
008d1b17d3f53fe347d56a7f343ef97ff22043454db17d3f53fe346c5f4fd4ff008d1f55a9fcd0fb
e5ff00c8810d1536c5f4fd4ff8d1b17d3f53fe347d56a7f343ef97ff002204353af41f41fca9362f
a7ea7fc69dd2b6a34654e4dc9c5dd5b46fbf9a401451457480514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514
00514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451401ffd9
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-460 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nha
u nhn th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}y tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u7919\'3
f}ng v{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
x{\f63 \u7843\'3f}y ra cho s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m v trong vi{\f
63 \u7879\'3f}c s{\f63 \u7917\'3f}
f63 \u7909\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f} hay d
{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}.
540 10. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng kh{\f63 \u
7849\'3f}u hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u, nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng l{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i h ho v cc
tiu ch "khuy{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t {\f63 \u7903\'3f}
f63 \u7913\'3f}c zero" v s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} v{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}n t{
\f63 \u7899\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng su
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t m{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i. Nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng cu h ho ch{\f63 \u788
1\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra cc
f63 \u7889\'3f}i quan h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i ph, v
ph{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng nguyn nhn d{\f63 \u
7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\
'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 su{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c v{\f63 \u7873\'3f}
h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng v n{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m ngoi quy{\f63 \u787
3\'3f}n n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cng nhn vin{\b . }
540 11. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng tiu chu{\f6
3 \u7849\'3f}n cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c ({\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh m{\f
63 \u7913\'3f}c) trong cc cng x{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng, thay
\f63 \u7871\'3f} vo {\f63 \u273\'3f} b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} lnh {\
f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o khoa h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i
b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f
}ng s{\f63 \u7889\'3f}, nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c
63 \u273\'3f}ch b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng con s{\f63 \u7889\'3f}. Thay vo {\f63 \u273\'
3f} l kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f} n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng lnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}
o
540 12. H{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u h{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t cc bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n {\f63 \u2
73\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u do h{\f63 \u7879\'3
f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra, c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n xem xt l{\f6
3 \u7841\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng. Ph
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 phn,
ph{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t, x{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p th{\f63 \u7913\'3f} b{\f63 \u7921\'3f
}c cng nhn d{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i trung bnh c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ph {\f
63 \u273\'3f}i tinh th{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f}ng {\f
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i
f63 \u7911\'3f}a cng ty. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i tr{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\
'3f}ng ro c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f} c{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}p
m{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i la
o {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng lng t{\f63 \u7921\'3f} ho
ng ngh{\f63 \u7873\'3f} nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p. Lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i b{\f63 \u78
87\'3f} cc h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}nh gi hng n{\f63
\u259\'3f}m hay b{\f63 \u7893\'3f} nhi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m nhn vin
f63 \u7921\'3f}a trn cng tr{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a h{\f63 \u7885\'
3f}.
540 13. Thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u
432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng trnh gio d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh m{\f6
3 \u7869\'3f} v t{\f63 \u7921\'3f} c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n trong
m{\f63 \u7895\'3f}i
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i. Hy {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} cho m{\f6
3 \u7895\'3f}i ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i tham gia v t{\f63 \u7921\'3f}
ch{\f63 \u7885\'3f}n cho mnh m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u79
21\'3f}c thch h{\f63 \u7907\'3f}p
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n.
540 14. {\f63 \u272\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t nhn vin trong cng ty lun lm vi{\f63 \u7879
\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} thay {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7
893\'3f}i. Thay {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l cng
vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}
{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Tro
ng cc bi bo c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ng sau khi ng t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3
f}p {\f63 \u272\'3f}H Yale, ch{\f63 \u7911\'3f} y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u nu ln nh{\f63
\u7919\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 kha
c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh l tnh c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a v{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f
}{\f63 \u7873\'3f}, tuy nhin c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng c vi {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7875
\'3f}m
\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng t{\f63 \u7887\'3f} m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i quan tm c{\f63 \u7911\
'3f}a Deming v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 lu{
\f63 \u7853\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k. T{\f63 \u7915\'3f} m{\f63 \u7897\'
3f}t nh ton l tr{\f63 \u7903\'3f} thnh m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t nh
\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k {\f63 \u273\'3f} gip b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n thn Deming r{\f63 \u78
45\'3f}t nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u.
540 Ngoi ra, k{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} phn tch th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c n
ghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m trong l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh
f63 \u7921\'3f}c vi khu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c v ha h{\f63 \u7885\'
3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f} gip Deming c c{\f63 \u417\'3f} h{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tm h
i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}u thm v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ch
{\f63 \u7881\'3f}nh th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k cc d{\f63 \u7919\'3f} li{\f63 \u7879\'
3f}u. Trn

f63 \u7841\'3f}p ch Tri{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c, ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}
vi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} "{\f63 \u7912\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}n
g c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hnh
vung b nh{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t." Trong tc ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m c{\f63 \u7911\'3
f}a mnh-"{\f63 \u272\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
\f63 \u7881\'3f}nh th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k d{\f63 \u7919\'3f} li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
u" (Statistical Adjustment of Data),
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ng {
\f63 \u273\'3f} k{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t h{\f63 \u7907\'3f}p t{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t c{\f6
3 \u7843\'3f} cc ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c m ng {\f63 \u273\'3f} h{\
f63 \u7885\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 vi{
\f63 \u7871\'3f}t v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ti ny. Hi{\
f63 \u7879\'3f}n nay, tc ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m ny v{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n cn {\f63 \u273
\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c
f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t ti li
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u tham kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7881\'3f} d{\f63 \u7851\'
3f}n cho vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c
63 \u7913\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php tnh
ton th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t trong nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u tr{\f6
3 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng h{\f63 \u7907\'3f}p khc nhau.
540 Cc cng trnh nghin c{\f63 \u7913\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Ed Deming {\f63 \u273\
'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}em l{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'
3f} trong vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ti{
\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. V ng
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} th{\f63 \u
7871\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i g{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i l nh "tin tri ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f
}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng" v l nh
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tri
{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
l.
540 Nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng gp to l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n c{\f63 \u79
11\'3f}a Deming trong l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c th{\f63 \u7889\'3f
}ng k v{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n cn {\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh h{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f
}ng
t{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} hi{\f63 \u7879\
'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i. Su{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t cu{\f63 \u7897\'3
f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i ng, ng {\f63 \u273\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o
v{\f63 \u7879\'3f} cho ni{\f63 \u7873\'3f}m tin r{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng l
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 thu
y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k cho th{\f63 \u7845\'3f}y r{\f63 \u785
7\'3f}ng ton h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c, s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} phn x{\f63 \u7917\'3f}, ki{\f
63 \u7871\'3f}n th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ti{\f63 \u7877\'3f}n {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c k{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 h{\
f63 \u7907\'3f}p chung v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i nhau trong cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c s{
\f63 \u7869\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}em l{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i nhi{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u th
u{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i. ng l b{\f63 \u7853\'3f}c th{\f63 \u7847\'
3f}y c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ngnh
lgich h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c v l ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n trc s{\f63 \u432\'3f} c{\f63 \u7
911\'3f}a th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c.

540 - Cu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c "cch m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63
\u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng" t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i M{\f63 \u7929\'3f} b{\f63 \u
7855\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\
'3f}ng n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1980, khi NBC
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tun
g ra m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t bi bo v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i nhan {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u78
75\'3f} "N{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}.. .. T{\f
63 \u7841\'3f}i sao chng ta khng th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ?".
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 For
d Motor l cng ti {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u tin m{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i Deming
gip chuy{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n
xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t. Trong m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t vi
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 n{\
f63 \u259\'3f}m, l{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i nhu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}
a cng ti t{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng cao nh{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t trong l{\f63 \u7883\
'3f}ch s{\f63 \u7917\'3f} ngnh xe h{\f63 \u417\'3f}i, m{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c d
th{\f63 \u7883\'3f}
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng xe h{\f63 \u417\'3f}i v xe t{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i
M{\f63 \u7929\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m 7%, v{\f63 \u7889\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f
}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f} t{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng cao v chi ph marketing t
{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng. \par
}
6 \par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a2
8ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe
17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0
028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff0040
0a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a
28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028
a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4
a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0
028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3f
d2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a7
53f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc
69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a8
93a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa
4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152
d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4
028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fd
bcff00400a28a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a008e4edf8ff4a8ea493b7e3fd2a3af3711fc69ff00dbbffa4c4028a28ac4028a28a0028a
28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a007a753f4fea2a5a893a9fa7f5152d7a186fe17fdbcff00400a28
a2ba0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a008e
4edf8ff4a8eac100f500fd69303d07e42b96a61e539ca4a49276d2cfa24bf47f87c820a2a7c0f41f
90a303d07e42b3faa4bf9e3f73febbff004f40828a9f03d07e428c0f41f90a3ea92fe78fdcff00ae
ff00d3d020a2a7c0f41f90a303d07e428faa4bf9e3f73febbff4f40828a9f03d07e428c0f41f90a3
ea92fe78fdcffaeffd3d020a2a7c0f41f90a303d07e428faa4bf9e3f73febbff004f40828a9f03d0
7e428c0f41f90a3ea92fe78fdcff00aeff00d3d0234ea7e9fd454b49803a003f0a5ae9a54dd3872b
69eaddd79d8028a28ad4028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a
28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a00fffd9
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-460 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 N{\
f63 \u259\'3f}m 1992 ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng tin truy{\f63 \u7873\'3
f}n thng tn vinh r{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng Ford Taurus bn {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3
f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n Honda
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v n {
\f63 \u273\'3f} tr{\f63 \u7903\'3f} thnh ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i lnh {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o trn th{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7901\'3f}ng n{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}a.
540 - M{\f63 \u7929\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f} th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7881\'3f
}nh v{\f63 \u7845\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l
{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong su{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t nh{\f63 \u7919\'3
f}ng n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1980 t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u h{\f63 \u78
71\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cc cn
g ti l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n trong m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t chi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n d{\f63
\u7883\'3f}ch c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f
63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. N{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1984 chnh ph{\f63 \u7911\'3f
} M{\f63 \u7929\'3f}
\f63 \u7885\'3f}n thng 10 lm thng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u790
7\'3f}ng qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c gia. N{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1987- 34 n{\f63 \u259\'3f}
m sau khi Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t
f63 \u7853\'3f}p gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng D
eming- qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c h{\f63 \u7897\'3f}i M{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thi{\f63
\u7871\'3f}t l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7903\'3f}ng Malcolm Baldrige
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Nat
ional Quality Award, t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t s{\f63 \u7921\'3
f} h{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p d{\f63 \u7851\'3f}n {\f63 \u7845\'3f}n t{\f63 \u432\'3f}{
\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7907\'3f}ng cho cc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}n

f63 \u7883\'3f} kinh doanh M{\f63 \u7929\'3f}.
540 - N{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1991 Business week {\f63 \u273\'3f} g{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i
ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng l "m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t
cu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c cch m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ng ton c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u
63 \u7843\'3f}nh h{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u78
71\'3f}n m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a kinh doanh.
. . . T{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1990 tr{\f63
\u7903\'3f} v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} sau, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'
3f}c coi l chnh sch kinh doanh chnh."
540 - Trong su{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1990,
l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ch{\f63 \u259\'3f}m sc s{\f63 \u7913\'3f
}c kho{\f63 \u7867\'3f}, chnh ph{\f63 \u7911\'3f} v gio
f63 \u7909\'3f}c b{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u quan tm {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u
7907\'3f}ng. V d{\f63 \u7909\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t b{\f63
\u7879\'3f}nh vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} c{\f63
\u7889\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cn 1
/5 nh{\f63 \u7901\'3f} {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng nh{\f63 \u7919\'
3f}ng cng c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'
3f}ng.
\fi360 {\b III.}{\b
CC}{\b H}{\b {\f63 \u7878\'3f}}{\b TH}{\b {\f63 \u788
8\'3f}}{\b NG}{\b QU}{\b {\f63 \u7842\'3f}}{\b N}{\b L}{\b CH}{\b {\f63 \u7844
\'3f}}{\b T}{\b L}{\b {\f63 \u431\'3f}{\f63 \u7906\'3f}}{\b NG }
\fi453 B{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7915\'3f
} n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1969, T{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c Tiu chu{\f63 \
u7849\'3f}n ha qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} ISO ch{\f63 \u7885\'3f}n n
gy 14 thng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 10
hng n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m lm Ngy Tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n Th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} gi{\f63
\u7899\'3f}i. {\f63 \u272\'3f}y l d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}p {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875
\'3f} tn vinh {\f63 \u273\'3f}ng gp c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hng
ngn chuyn gia trn ton th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f} c{\f6
3 \u7897\'3f}ng tc v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i cc t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c
tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ha
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 qu{
\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} ITU, IEC, ISO trong vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c pht
tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u
7871\'3f} v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c tiu
{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i ha th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng m{
\f63 \u7841\'3f}i, ph{\f63 \u7893\'3f} bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n ki{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c v chia s{\f63 \u7867\'3f} ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n b{\f63 \u789
7\'3f} cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f} trn quy
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 m ton
c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Trn
th{\f63 \u7871\'3f} gi{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n c h{\f63 \u417\'3f}
n kho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng 40 t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c tiu chu{\f63
\u7849\'3f}n ha trong {\f63 \u273\'3f} c ba t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tiu
chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ha hng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u l
\fi720 {\b T}{\b {\f63 \u7893\'3f}}{\b ch}{\b {\f63 \u7913\'3f}}{\b c}{\b tiu}
{\b chu}{\b {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b n}{\b ha}{\b qu}{\b {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b c}
{\b t}{\b {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b -}{\b ISO }
2356 ISO l tn vi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a T{\f
63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}
v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ho
2356 (International Organization for Standardization), {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u4
32\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c thnh l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p
2356 vo n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1946 v chnh th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c ho{\f63 \u7841\'3
f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng vo ngy 23/2/1947,
2356 nh{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}ch xy d{\f63 \u7921\
'3f}ng cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t, th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng
2356 m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i v thng tin. ISO c tr{\f63 \u7909\'3f} s{\f63 \u7903\'3f} {
\f63 \u7903\'3f} Geneva (Thu{\f63 \u7925\'3f} s{\f63 \u297\'3f}) v l m{\f63 \u7897
\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7893\'3f}
2356 ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} chuyn ngnh c cc thn
h vin l cc c{\f63 \u417\'3f} quan
2356 tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c gia c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a 156 n
{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c. Tu{\f63 \u7923\'3f} theo t{\f63 \u7915\'3f}n
g n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c, m{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c
2356 {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} tham gia xy d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}ng cc tiu chu{
\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ISO c khc nhau. {\f63 \u7903\'3f} m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t
2356 s{\f63 \u7889\'3f} n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c, t{\f63 \u7893\'3f}
ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ho l cc c{\f63 \u417\'3f} quan chnh th
{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c hay
2356 bn chnh th{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Chnh ph{\f63 \u7911\'3f}
. T{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i Vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t Nam, t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63
\u7913\'3f}c tiu
2356 chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ho l T{\f63 \u7893\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c Tiu
chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n-{\f63 \u272\'3f}o l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng-Ch
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng,
{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c B{\f63 \u7897\'3f} Khoa h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c - Cng ngh{\f63 \u7
879\'3f} v Mi tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng. Vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t nam tham
gia ISO t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m 1977
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v {\
f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n nay c kho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng 1380 tiu chu{\f63 \u
7849\'3f}n ISO {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c ch{\f63 \u7845
\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n thnh tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n Vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nam
(TCVN).
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 M{\
f63 \u7909\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}ch c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}

n ISO l t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ki{\f63 \u7879\'3
f}n cho cc ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng trao {\f63 \u
273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i hng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ho v
d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} trn ton c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u tr{\f63 \u7903
\'3f} nn d{\f63 \u7877\'3f} dng, ti{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng h{\f63
\u417\'3f}n v {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}
{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 T{\
f63 \u7845\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n do ISO {\f63 \u27
3\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t ra {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u c tnh ch{\f63 \u784
5\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7921\'3f} nguy{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n. Tuy nhin, th{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\
f63 \u7901\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cc n
{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n tiu
chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ISO v coi n c tnh ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t b{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t bu{
\f63 \u7897\'3f}c. ISO c kho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 180
U{\f63 \u7927\'3f} ban k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t (TC) chuyn d{\f6
3 \u7921\'3f} th{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n trong t{\f63 \u791
5\'3f}ng l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c. ISO l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ra
cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n trong m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ngnh tr{\f63 \u7915\'3f} cng
nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o {\f63 \u273\'3f}i
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n v {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n t{\f63 \u7917\'3f}. Cc n{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 thnh
vin c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ISO l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p ra cc nhm t{\f63 \u432\'3f} v{\f63
\u7845\'3f}n k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t nh{\f63 \u7857\'3f}m cung
c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p t{\f63 \u432\'3f} li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7847\'3f}u vo
\fi8520 {\fs21 7 }\par
}
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cc U{\f63 \u7927\'3f} ban k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t v {\f63 \u273\'
3f} l m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t ph{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a qu trnh xy d{\f63

\u7921\'3f}ng tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n. ISO
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh1762 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ti{\
f63 \u7871\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n t{\f63 \u432\'3f} li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u c{\
f63 \u7911\'3f}a {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u vo t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} cc Chnh p
h{\f63 \u7911\'3f} cc ngnh v cc bn lin quan tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh1762 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khi
ban hnh m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n. Sau khi tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\
'3f}n d{\f63 \u7921\'3f} th{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\
f63 \u7907\'3f}c cc n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c thnh vin
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh1762 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ch{\
f63 \u7845\'3f}p thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n, n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \
u7907\'3f}c cng b{\f63 \u7889\'3f} l Tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c
t{\f63 \u7871\'3f}. Sau {\f63 \u273\'3f} m{\f63 \u7895\'3f}i n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\
f63 \u7899\'3f}c l{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f}
f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t phin b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f} lm Tiu chu{\f63 \u7
849\'3f}n qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c gia c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a mnh. \par
}
{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy3274\absw9992\absh3501 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \fi2326 \b \f
10 \fs23 \cf0 {\f63 \u7910\'3f}y ban k{\f63 \u7929\'3f} thu{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t {\
f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} - IEC{
\b0
{\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 thnh}
{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 vo }
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy3274\absw9992\absh3501 \sl-300 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0
\fi2326 {\b0 n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m}{\b0 1906,}{\b0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b0
c}{\b0 tiu}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7911\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 IEC}{\b0 l}{\b0 thc}{\b0
{\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 y}{\b0 s}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{
\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 tc}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b
0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7873\'3f} }
\fi2326 {\b0 tiu}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 ha}{\b0 trong}{\b0
l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3
f}i}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 -}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}i}{\b0 {\f63 \u7
879\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7917\'3f}}{\b0 .}{\b0 Tnh}{\b0 {\f63 \u273
\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 thng}{\b0 9 }
\fi2326 {\b0 n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m}{\b0 2006,}{\b0 IECc}{\b0 68}{\b0 n}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 thnh}{\b0 vin.}{\b0 Thng}{\b0 4/2002,
}{\b0 Vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 nam }
\fi2326 {\b0 tham}{\b0 gia}{\b0 IEC}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0
t}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 cch}{\b0 l}{\b0 thnh}{\b0 vin}{\b0 lin}{\b0 k}{\
b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 t.}{\b0 V}{\b0 ph}{\b0 gia}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853
\'3f}}{\b0 p }
\fi2326 {\b0 IEC}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f
63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 cao,}{\b0 nn}{\b0 cho}{\b0 {
\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 nay}{\b0 Vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u78
79\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 Nam}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f
63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 l }
\fi2326 {\b0 thnh}{\b0 vin}{\b0 IEC.}{\b0 {\f63 \u272\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871
\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 nay}{\b0 Vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 Nam}{\b0
{\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 kho}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 188}{
\b0 tiu }
\fi2326 {\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 IEC}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}
{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\
b0 p}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 n. }

{\b0 IEC}{\b0 xu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 b}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{
\b0 n}{\b0 cc}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b
0 m: }
{\b0 -}{\b0 Tiu}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 IEC }
{\b0 -}{\b0 Bo}{\b0 co}{\b0 k}{\b0 {\f63 \u7929\'3f}}{\b0 thu}{\b0 {\f63 \u785
3\'3f}}{\b0 t }
{\b0 -}{\b0 Ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7881\'3f}}{\b0 d}{\b0 {\f63 \u7851\'3f}}{\b0 n }
{\b0 Hi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 nay}{\b0 kho}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}
}{\b0 ng}{\b0 3500}{\b0 tiu}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 IEC}{
\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3
f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 cng}{\b0 b}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 . }\par
}
{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy7760\absw9992\absh1886 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \fi3030 \b \f
10 \fs23 \cf0 Lin minh vi{\f63 \u7877\'3f}n thng qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u787
1\'3f} - ITU{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 c
}{\b0 thnh}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p }
\fi3030 {\b0 theo}{\b0 Cng}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0
{\f63 \u273\'3f}i}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 bo}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u78
89\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 v}{\b0 Hi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\
'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 thnh}{\b0 l}{\b
0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p }
\fi3030 {\b0 lin}{\b0 minh}{\b0 vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7877\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 thng}{\b0
qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 ,}{\b0 v
}{\b0 {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7885\'3f}}{\b0 at}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 chnh}{\b0 bao }
\fi3030 {\b0 trm}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\
'3f}}{\b0 cc}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {
\f63 \u7873\'3f}}{\b0 thu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 l{\f63 \u297\'3f}
nh}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7877\'3f}}{\b0 n}
{\b0 thng.}{\b0 ITU }
{\b0 hi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 c}{\b0 191}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u788
9\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 gia}{\b0 thnh}{\b0 vin.}{\b0 Vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0
t}{\b0 nam}{\b0 tham}{\b0 gia}{\b0 vo}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7885\'3f}}{\b0 at
}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 ITU}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\
f63 \u7915\'3f}}{\b0 n{\f63 \u259\'3f}m}{\b0 1976, }
{\b0 cng}{\b0 tc}{\b0 tiu}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 ha}{\b0 c
h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7911\'3f}}{\b0 y}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 u}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 trung}{\b0 vo}{\b0 vi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 c}
{\b0 tham}{\b0 gia}{\b0 vo}{\b0 l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921
\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0 y}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3
f}}{\b0 m }
{\b0 v}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 nh}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7903\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 q
uy}{\b0 {\f63 \u7873\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 qu}
{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 gia}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 tnh}
{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c,}{\b0 thanh}{\b0 tan}{\b0
c}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f
}}{\b0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 . }\par
}
{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy10450\absw9992\absh5100 \b \f10 \fs23 \cf0 \b \f10 \fs2
3 \cf0 H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u43
2\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng Q-Base
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy10450\absw9992\absh5100 \sl-298 \par\b \f10 \fs23
\cf0 {\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0
ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}
}{\b0 ng}{\b0 Q-Base}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0
ra}{\b0 cc}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f
}}{\b0 c}{\b0 cho}{\b0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 lo}{\b0 {\f63 \u7
841\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 hnh}{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u78
89\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t }
{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 v}{\b0 c}{\b0 th}{\
b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 d}{\b0 {\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 cho}{\b
0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0 m}{\b0
vi}{\b0 r}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 ri}{\b0 cc}{\b0 l{\f63 \u297\'3f
}nh}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 cng}{\b0 nghi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\
'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 v}{\b0 kinh }
{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 . }
{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 Q-B
ase}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7873\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}
}{\b0 p}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 cc}{\b0 l{\f6
3 \u297\'3f}nh}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7911\
'3f}}{\b0 y}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 u}{\b0 trong}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u784
3\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 l}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \
u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 ng:}{\b0 chnh }
{\b0 sch}{\b0 v}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7881\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0 o}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7873\'3f}}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'
3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 ng,}{\b0 xem}{\b
0 xt}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7
891\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 khch}{\b0 hng,}{\b0
ki}{\b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b0 m}{\b0 sot}{\b0 thnh }
{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 m,}{\b0 xem}{\b0 xt}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}n
h}{\b0 gi}{\b0 n}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 b}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{
\b0 ,}{\b0 ki}{\b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b0 m}{\b0 sot}{\b0 ti}{\b0 li}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 u,}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}o}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0
o,}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 ti}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n
}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u790
7\'3f}}{\b0 ng.}{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f} }
{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 Q-Base}{\b0 l}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \
u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 cc}{\b0 kinh}{\b0
nghi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 m}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0
l}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u79
07\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3
f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 thi}{\b0
t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0 i }
{\b0 New}{\b0 Zealand}{\b0 v}{\b0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 s}{\b
0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 qu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 gia}{\b0 khc}{\
b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 australia,}{\b0 Canada,}{\b0 Thu}{\b0 {\f63
\u7925\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u272\'3f}i}{\b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b0 n,}{\b0 {\f63
\u272\'3f}an}{\b0 M}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{\b0 ch. }
{\b0 Cc}{\b0 n}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 trong}{\b0
kh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 ASEAN}{\b0 c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng}{\b0 r}{

\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 quan}{\b0 tm}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f6
3 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 Q-Base. }
{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 ch}
{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b
0 ng}{\b0 Q-Base}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f63 \u78
43\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 l}{\b0 tiu}{\b0 chu}{\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 qu}
{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63
\u432\'3f}}{\b0 ISO}{\b0 9000}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 ng }
{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}ang}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u79
07\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7915\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853
\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 r}{\b0 {\f63 \u7897\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 ri,}{\b0 lm}{\b0 chu}{
\b0 {\f63 \u7849\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 m}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \
u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7913\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 n
h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 cc}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 th}
{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b
0 m }
{\b0 b}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 o}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b
0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 ng.}{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'
3f}}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 Q-Base}{\b0 s}{\b0 {\f63 \u79
17\'3f}}{\b0 d}{\b0 {\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 chnh}{\b0 cc}{\b0 nguyn}{\b0
t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7855\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u7911\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 IS
O9000}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}}{\b0 ng }
{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u417\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 gi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'
3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 v}{\b0 d}{\b0 {\f63 \u7877\'3f}}{\b0 hi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7875\'3f}
}{\b0 u}{\b0 h}{\b0 {\f63 \u417\'3f}}{\b0 n.}{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b
0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3
f}}{\b0 m}{\b0 b}{\b0 {\f63 \u7843\'3f}}{\b0 o}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}
{\b0 t}{\b0 l}{\b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 theo}{\b0 m}
{\b0 hnh}{\b0 ISO}{\b0 9000, }
{\b0 theo}{\b0 }{\b0 ki}{\b0 {\f63 \u7871\'3f}}{\b0 n}{\b0 c}{\b0 {\f63 \u791
1\'3f}}{\b0 a}{\b0 nhi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7873\'3f}}{\b0 u}{\b0 chuyn}{\b0 gia,}{\b0
kh}{\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 hi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0
n}{\b0 v}{\b0 ph}{\b0 {\f63 \u7913\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u7841\'3f}}{
\b0 p,}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7863\'3f}}{\b0 c}{\b0 bi}{\b0 {\f63
\u7879\'3f}}{\b0 t}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 v}
{\b0 {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 cc}{\b0 x }
{\b0 nghi}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b0 p}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7915\'3f}}{\b0 a}{
\b0 v}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7887\'3f}}{\b0 .}{\b0 H}{\b0 {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{
\b0 th}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 Q-Base}{\b0 l}{\b0 l}{\b0 t}{\
b0 {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7903\'3f}}{\b0 ng}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b0 {\f63
\u7889\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 v}{\b0 {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 cc}{\b0 cng}{\b
0 ty}{\b0 {\f63 \u273\'3f}ang}{\b0 ch}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 p }
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy10450\absw9992\absh5100 \sl-295 \par\b \f10 \fs23
\cf0 \fi8520 {\b0 \fs21 8 }\par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng trn con {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng ch
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng v nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng cn
g ty nh{\f63 \u7887\'3f} l {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}n v{\f63 \u7883\'3f} c
ung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p hay nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n
\f63 \u7847\'3f}u cho cc cng ty l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n. M{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c d {\f63 \u
273\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}n gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n v d{\f63 \u7877\'3f} p d{\f63 \u790
9\'3f}ng, nh{\f63 \u432\'3f}ng H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng Ch{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t
f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng Q-Base c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}y {\f
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7911\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63
\u7889\'3f} c{\f63 \u417\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a m{\f63 \u7
897\'3f}t H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng Ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \
u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng, gip
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 doa
nh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3
f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c cc l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ch{\f63 \u7911\'3
f} ch{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t trong ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\
'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a mnh. N

f63 \u7853\'3f}p trung vo vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c phn cng trch nhi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m v g
iao quy{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n h{\f63 \u7841\'3f}n v khi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n cho m{\f63
\u7885\'3f}i nhn
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 vin
ch{\f63 \u7883\'3f}u trch nhi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}m v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} hnh {\f63 \u273
\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a mnh.
{\b Kaizen }
Kaizen l s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} thnh cng l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} nh{\f6
3 \u7919\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u7887\'3f}. Vi
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng Kaizen k{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t h{\f63 \u790
7\'3f}p cc
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 cng
c{\f63 \u7909\'3f} khc nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} 5S, ISO 9000, TQM s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} {\
f63 \u273\'3f}em l{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} to
l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n gip cc doanh
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ngh
i{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng v{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng v t{
\f63 \u259\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f} n{\f6
3 \u259\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh tranh trong mi tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901
\'3f}ng kinh t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} ton
f63 \u7847\'3f}u.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Kai
zen l m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}ng php c{\f63 \u7843\'
3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n, h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n n{\f63 \u7919\'3f}a l c{\f63 \u7843
\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n lin t{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c, v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i s{\f63 \
u7921\'3f} tham d{\f63 \u7921\'3f} c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a
f63 \u7845\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7901\'3f}i t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} lnh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o {\f63 \u27
3\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3
f}i cng nhn, t{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p trung vo cc ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng xc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh v lo{\f63
\u7841\'3f}i tr{\f63 \u7915\'3f} cc lo{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i lng ph. 2 y{\f63 \u7871\'3
f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}ng c
{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Kaizen l c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v tnh
lin t{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c. N{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u m{\f63 \u7897
\'3f}t trong 2 y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u t{\f63 \u7889\'3f} trn th khng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{
\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c xem l ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7897\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Kai
zen. Kaizen khc v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7
899\'3f}i (Innovation) v Kaizen c{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n d{\f63 \
u7921\'3f}a trn c{\f63 \u417\'3f} s{\f63 \u7903\'3f} hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n
f63 \u7841\'3f}i khng {\f63 \u273\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7887\'3f}i cc kho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}
n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u t{\f63 \u432\'3f} l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n.
{\b QS-9000 }
Cc yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845
\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng hay QS-9000 l tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}
n ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng chung c{\f63 \u7911\
'3f}a
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nh c
ung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c thi{\

f63 \u7871\'3f}t l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p b{\f63 \u7903\'3f}i m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t nhm
lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c do 3 Cng ty l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a M{\f63
\u7929\'3f} trong
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ngnh
cng nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p t, {\f63 \u273\'3f} l Chrysler Daimler, Ford v General Mo
tors thnh l{\f63 \u7853\'3f}p, v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i
f63 \u7921\'3f} tr{\f63 \u7907\'3f} gip t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} cc nhm {\f63 \u7911\'3f}
ng h{\f63 \u7897\'3f} khc nhau nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} Nhm ho{\f63 \u7841\'3f}t {\f63 \
u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng Cng nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p t,
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 H{\
f63 \u7897\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7891\'3f}ng T{\f63 \u432\'3f} v{\f63 \u
7845\'3f}n cc nh cung {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng v T{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c
Tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n ho Qu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7871\'3f} (ISO). N
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c xy d{\f63 \u7921\'3f}ng trn c{\f63
\u417\'3f} s{\f63 \u7903\'3f} c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a ISO 9000 v bao g{\f63 \u7891\'
3f}m thm nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7863
\'3f}c bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khc
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i ngnh cng nghi{\f63 \u7879\'
3f}p t.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 M{\
f63 \u7909\'3f}c tiu c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a QS-9000 l pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n h{\f63
\u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \
u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u417\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c v{\f63 \
u7909\'3f} cho vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c
f63 \u7843\'3f}i ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n lin t{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c, ch tr{\f63 \u7885\'
3f}ng vo vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c ng{\f63 \u259\'3f}n ng{\f63 \u7915\'3f}a cc khuy{\f6
3 \u7871\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t v gi{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \
u7897\'3f} dao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v lng
ph trong chu{\f63 \u7895\'3f}i cung {\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng.
{\b\i QS-9000}{\b\i c}{\b\i th}{\b\i {\f63 \u7875\'3f}}{\b\i p}{\b\i d}{\b\i
{\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i v}{\b\i {\f63 \u7899\'3f}}{\b\i i}{\b\i nh}{\
b\i {\f63 \u7919\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i {\f63 \u273\'3f}}{\b\i {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{
\b\i i}{\b\i t}{\b\i {\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i no}{\b\i
? }
QS-9000 p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng cho cc nh cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p v{\f63 \u7853\'3
f}t li{\f63 \u7879\'3f}u s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, s{\f63 \u7843
\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t cc b{\f63 \u7897\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7
843\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 xu{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t v d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} trong n{\f63 \u432\'3
f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c hay ngoi n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u432\'
3f} d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} cu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i cng {\f63 \u273\
'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n 3 Cng ty l{\f63 \u7899\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v cc
cng ty cng tham gia. QS-9000 ch{\f63 \u7911\'3f} y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u tc {\f63 \u273
\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7841\'3f}nh {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n
cc nh cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p
f63 \u7845\'3f}p 1 (ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a l cc nh cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p {\f63 \u2
73\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}a tr{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p cc b{\f63 \u78
97\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n v d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} {\f63 \u27
3\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n 3 cng ty

f63 \u7899\'3f}n). B{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n thn Ford, GM v Chryler Daimler khng ch{\f63
\u7883\'3f}u tc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng tr{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ti{\f63
\u7871\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 nh c
ung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p 2 v c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p 3. Tuy nhin, n
h cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p 1 c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} v cu{\f63 \u
7889\'3f}i cng s{\f63 \u7869\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 tc {
\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n cc nh th{\f6
3 \u7847\'3f}u bn d{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i h{\f63 \u7885\'3f} (nh cung
c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p 2 v c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p 3) {\f63 \u273\'3
f}{\f63 \u7873\'3f} tho{\f63 \u7843\'3f} mn
\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng yu c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a QS-9000, kho{\f63 \
u7843\'3f}n 4.6 v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} mua hng.
{\b\i QS-9000}{\b\i ch}{\b\i {\f63 \u7881\'3f}}{\b\i c}{\b\i th}{\b\i {\f63 \
u7875\'3f}}{\b\i p}{\b\i d}{\b\i {\f63 \u7909\'3f}}{\b\i ng}{\b\i cho}{\b\i l
{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh}{\b\i v}{\b\i {\f63 \u7921\'3f}}{\b\i c}{\b\i s}{\b\i {\f63
\u7843\'3f}}{\b\i n}{\b\i xu}{\b\i {\f63 \u7845\'3f}}{\b\i t}{\b\i ? }
QS-9000 m{\f63 \u7903\'3f} r{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i c{\f63 \u78
43\'3f} cc cng ty {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}a ph{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u417
\'3f}ng v ngoi n{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7899\'3f}c, gi{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng nh{\f63
\u432\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}ng
\f63 \u7853\'3f}n ISO 9000. N c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng cho t{\f
63 \u7845\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} cc cng ty l nh cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p cc b{\f63
\u7897\'3f}
\fi8520 {\fs21 9 }\par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
\f63 \u7853\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t hay d{\f63 \u7883\'3f
}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7871\'3f}n cc cng ty s{\f63 \u7843\
'3f}n xu{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t t, tr{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p ho{\f63 \
u7863\'3f}c gin ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p. N
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 khng
th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng cho cc cng ty ph{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n m{\f
63 \u7873\'3f}m v cc nh cung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t b{\f63 \u788
3\'3f}.
{\b H}{\b {\f63 \u7879\'3f}}{\b th}{\b {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b ng}{\b HACCP }
HACCP ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a l h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng phn tch m{\f
63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy v xc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f
63 \u7875\'3f}m ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot tr{\f63 \u7885\'3f}ng y{\f63 \u7871\'3f}
u.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 N l s
{\f63 \u7921\'3f} ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p c{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n c tnh khoa h{\f63 \u788
5\'3f}c, h{\f63 \u7907\'3f}p l v c tnh h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng cho
s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t, xc
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh v ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m sot m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i ng
uy trong ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o, gia cng, s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t, chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n b{\f63 \u7883\'3f} v s{\f63 \u7917\'3f}
d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng
\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} {\f63 \
u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o r{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng th{\f63 \u7
921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m l an ton khi tiu dng, (t{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c l n khng c
f63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy khng th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p nh{\f63 \u785
3\'3f}n cho s{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c kho{\f63 \u7867\'3f}). H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f6
3 \u7889\'3f}ng ny nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n bi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}n
g m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ngu
y c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} x{\f63 \u7843\'3f}y ra trong qu trnh s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n xu
{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m v {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\
f63 \u7863\'3f}t ra cc bi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n php ki{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 sot
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} trnh nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i
nguy x{\f63 \u7843\'3f}y ra.

M{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy l g v m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy ch{\f63 \u7911\'3f} y{\f63
\u7871\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m l g ?
M{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c {\f
63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh ngh{\f63 \u297\'3f}a nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} tc nhn ho
{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u ki{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n sinh
h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c, ho h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c ho{\f63 \u7863\'3f}c v{\f63 \u7853\'
3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l, t
h{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m c kh{\f63 \u7843\'3f} n{\f63 \u259\'3f}n
g gy ra h{\f63 \u7853\'3f}u qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f} c h{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i cho s{\f63 \
u7913\'3f}c kho{\f63 \u7867\'3f}. V d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}, m{\f63 \u7889\'3f}i nguy
c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a
\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m l cc m{\f63 \u7843\'3f}nh kim lo{\f63 \u784
1\'3f}i (thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t l), thu{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c tr{\
f63 \u7915\'3f} su (thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c ho h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c) v ch{\f63 \u7845\
'3f}t
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 gy n
hi{\f63 \u7877\'3f}m thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c vi trng h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u
432\'3f} vi khu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n pathogenic (thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c sinh h{\f63
\u7885\'3f}c). Nguy c{\f63 \u417\'3f}
63 \u273\'3f}ng k{\f63 \u7875\'3f} h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u788
9\'3f}i {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i cng nghi{\f63 \u78
79\'3f}p th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m ngy nay l cc ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}
t nhi{\f63 \u7877\'3f}m thu{\f63 \u7897\'3f}c
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 vi
trng h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c, nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} khu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}n Salmonell
a, E. coli O157:H7, Lysteria, Compylobacter v
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 Clo
stridium Botulium.
{\b 5S }
5S l n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n t{\f63 \u7843\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u417\'3f} b{\f63 \u7843\'3
f}n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7875\'3f} th{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n
cc h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{
\f63 \u7843\'3f}o ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng. Xu{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t pht t{\f63 \u7915\'3f}
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 qua
n {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7875\'3f}m, n{\f63 \u7871\'3f}u lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}
c trong m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t mi tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng lnh m{\f63 \u
7841\'3f}nh, s{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ch {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7865\'3f}p, thong {\f63
\u273\'3f}ng,
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ti{
\f63 \u7879\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i th tinh th{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n s{\f63 \u7869\
'3f} tho{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i mi h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n, n{\f63 \u259\'3f}ng su{\f63 \u7
845\'3f}t lao {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng s{\f63 \u7869\'3f} cao h{\f63
\u417\'3f}n v t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o {\f63 \u273\'3f}i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ki{
\f63 \u7879\'3f}n cho vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c p d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng m{\f63 \u7897\'
3f}t h{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng qu{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n l ch{\f63 \u78
45\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}em l{\f63 \u7841\'
3f}i ni{\f63 \u7873\'3f}m tin cho khch
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 hng.
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 5S
l ch{\f63 \u7919\'3f} ci {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc

t{\f63 \u7915\'3f} ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}ng Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t "SERI", "SEITON",
"SEISO", SEIKETSU"
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 V "S
HITSUKE", t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}m d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch sang ti{\f63 \u7871\'3f}ng Vi
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}t l "Sng l{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c", "S{\f63 \u7855\'3f}p x{\f63 \u7871
\'3f}p", "S{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ch s{\f63 \u7869\'3f}",
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 "S{
\f63 \u259\'3f}n sc" v "S{\f63 \u7861\'3f}n sng".
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 - S
ERI (Sng l{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c)
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 L sng
l{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c nh{\f63 \u7919\'3f}ng ci khng c{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n thi{\f63 \u
7871\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i n{\f63 \u417\'3f}i lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c v lo{\f6
3 \u7841\'3f}i b{\f63 \u7887\'3f} chng
EITON (S{\f63 \u7855\'3f}p x{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p)
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 L s{
\f63 \u7855\'3f}p x{\f63 \u7871\'3f}p m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i th{\f63 \u7913\'3f} ng
{\f63 \u259\'3f}n n{\f63 \u7855\'3f}p tr{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t t{\f63 \u7921\'3f} {\
f63 \u273\'3f}ng ch{\f63 \u7895\'3f} c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a n {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \
u7875\'3f} c th{\f63 \u7875\'3f} ti{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n l{\f63 \u7907\'3f}i khi s{\
f63 \u7917\'3f} d{\f63 \u7909\'3f}ng
EISO (S{\f63 \u7841\'3f}ch s{\f63 \u7869\'3f})
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 L v{
\f63 \u7879\'3f} s{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ch{\f63 \u7895\'3f} t{
\f63 \u7841\'3f}i n{\f63 \u417\'3f}i lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7875\'3f} khng cn rc trn n{\f63 \u7873\'3f}n nh, my mc v thi{\f63 \u7871\'3f}t
f63 \u7883\'3f}
EIKETSU (S{\f63 \u259\'3f}n sc)
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 L lun
s{\f63 \u259\'3f}n sc, gi{\f63 \u7919\'3f} gn v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} sinh n{\f63 \u41
7\'3f}i lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c b{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng cch lin t{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c th
{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c hi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}n Seri, Seiton
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 v Se
iso.
HITSUKE (S{\f63 \u7861\'3f}n sng)
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 L t{
\f63 \u7841\'3f}o cho m{\f63 \u7885\'3f}i ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}i t
hi quen t{\f63 \u7921\'3f} gic lm vi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7889\'3f}t v lun tun t
h{\f63 \u7911\'3f} nghim ng{\f63 \u7863\'3f}t cc
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh12794 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 qui
{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7883\'3f}nh t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}i n{\f63 \u417\'3f}i lm vi
{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c. \par
}
10 \par
}
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108034a025303012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
00ffd9
\fi720 {\b IV.K}{\b {\f63 \u7870\'3f}}{\b T}{\b LU}{\b {\f63 \u7852\'3f}}{\b N
}
20 Ngy nay, v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}i s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n nhanh
chng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a khoa h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c cng ngh{\f63 \u7879\'3f} v ton c{
\f63 \u7847\'3f}u
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh2838 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ha. V
i{\f63 \u7879\'3f}c t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o ra s{\f63 \u7921\'3f} khc bi{\f63 \u7879\
'3f}t v{\f63 \u7873\'3f} s{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n ph{\f63 \u7849\'3f}m l kh{\f63 \u789
3\'3f}ng d{\f63 \u7877\'3f} dng cht no. Do {\f63 \u273\'3f} {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u
7875\'3f} t{\f63 \u7891\'3f}n
\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh2838 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 t{\f
63 \u7841\'3f}i v pht tri{\f63 \u7875\'3f}n trn th{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr{\f63 \u432\'
3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}y c{\f63 \u7841\'3f}m b{
\f63 \u7849\'3f}y th cc doanh nghi{\f63 \u7879\'3f}p ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i {\f63 \u
273\'3f}{\f63 \u7843\'3f}m b{\f63 \u7843\'3f}o
f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng {\f63 \u7903\'3f} t{\f63
\u7845\'3f}t c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} cc l{\f63 \u297\'3f}nh v{\f63 \u7921\'3f}c. "Ch{
\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong cng vi{\f63 \u7879\'
3f}c, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh2838 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 d{\f
63 \u7883\'3f}ch v{\f63 \u7909\'3f}, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63
\u7907\'3f}ng thng tin, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}n
g c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a qu trnh, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\
'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc b{\f63 \u7897\'3f} ph{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n,
f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng con ng{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f6
3 \u7901\'3f}i, k{\f63 \u7875\'3f} c{\f63 \u7843\'3f} cng nhn, k{\f63 \u7929\'3f}
s{\f63 \u432\'3f}, gim {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7889\'3f}c v nhn vin {\f63 \u273\'3f}
i{\f63 \u7873\'3f}u hnh,
f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cng ty,
ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc
m{\f63 \u7909\'3f}c tiu". \par
}
11 \par
}
}

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{\fonttbl{\f11\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial Narrow;}{\f10\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial;}{\f1

7907\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}n trn ton th{\f63 \u7871\'3f}

\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 pht

\par}{\phpg\posx2064\pvpg\posy2378\absw9639\absh11574 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 ng

60 {\b\i lin}{\b\i quan". }

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7845\'3f}t ch{\f63 \u7871\'3f} t{\f63 \u7841\'3f}o v trong d{\f63 \u7883\'3f}ch v

{\f63 \u7883\'3f} tr{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7901\'3f}ng: Ph{\f63 \u7843\'3f}i th

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t h{\f63 \u417\'3f}n nh{\f63 \u432\'3f} l:{\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7897\'3f} b{\f6

20 {\f40 {\f63 \u61692\'3f}} Materials: v{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t t{\f63 \u432\'3f},

u" c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a Honorix Le Blanc, c{\f63 \u7897\'3f}ng v{\f63 \u7899\'3f}

p cao Nh{\f63 \u7853\'3f}t B{\f63 \u7843\'3f}n r{\f63 \u7857\'3f}ng c{\f63 \u7

3f}c tm t{\f63 \u7855\'3f}t trong "H{\f63 \u7879\'3f} th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng nh{\f

ay {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7893\'3f}i.

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-297 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 k{\

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13064 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 t{\

911\'3f}a th{\f63 \u7889\'3f}ng k h{\f63 \u7885\'3f}c.

3 \u7907\'3f}ng cho cc {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u417\'3f}n

\u7849\'3f}n ha trong {\f63 \u273\'3f} c ba t{\f63 \u7893\'3f} ch{\f63 \u7913\'3f}c

f63 \u7909\'3f}c {\f63 \u273\'3f}ch c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc tiu chu{\f63 \u7849\'3f}

3f} l m{\f63 \u7897\'3f}t ph{\f63 \u7847\'3f}n c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a qu trnh xy d{\f63

b0 p}{\b0 nh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7853\'3f}}{\b0 n. }

kh}{\b0 {\f63 \u7889\'3f}}{\b0 i}{\b0 ASEAN}{\b0 c{\f63 \u361\'3f}ng}{\b0 r}{

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-300 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 t{\

ung c{\f63 \u7845\'3f}p {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}c thi{\

\par}{\phpg\posx1704\pvpg\posy722\absw9992\absh13855 \sl-298 \f10 \fs23 \cf0 l{\

nguy x{\f63 \u7843\'3f}y ra.

l ch{\f63 \u7919\'3f} ci {\f63 \u273\'3f}{\f63 \u7847\'3f}u c{\f63 \u7911\'3f}a cc

3f}c, ch{\f63 \u7845\'3f}t l{\f63 \u432\'3f}{\f63 \u7907\'3f}ng trong

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