PROJECT ON RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SUBMITTED TO : Prof .

GITANJALI KAPOOR

GROUP MEMBERS
PRADNYA BHALERAO RASHMIKA PATIL PRACHI PITALE CHAITALI SWAMI C-03 C-27 C-29 C-36

PRATIKSHA RANE
JAYASHREE PRABHU

C-42
C-43

WHAT IS RESEARCH

A research is an organized set of activities to

study and develop a model or procedure or technique to find the results of a realistic problem supported by literature and data such that its objective/(s) is/(are) optimized and further make

recommendations
implementations.

or

interferences

for

DA WHAT IS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A system of model, procedures and techniques used to find the results of a research problems

is called a Research Methodology.

RESEARCH PROCESS

PROBLEM DEFINITION RESEARCH DESIGN

OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH

DATA COLLECTION

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION

DATA ANALYSIS

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

PAST RECORDS

CURRENT FINDINGS

VALIDATION OF RESULTS VALIDATION OF RESULTS

INDIA AND

COSMETICS

MARITAL STATUS

Preference

s
EXPENSE PER MONTH
10 14% 0-200 200-400 400-600 <600

15%

59%

PREFERENCE

YES NO

Lakme 4% 1% 3% 0% 5% 21% Ponds Revlon Garnier Nivea 8% 6% 8% 2% 12% 14% Mybellene Loreal Elle18 Ayur 11% Oriflame Himalaya Fairever Fair & lovely Fairone Others

3% 2%

Z-TEST

HYPOTHESIS TESTING OF PROPORTIONS

Qualitative characteristic Statistics of Attributes Presence of an attribute-Success Absence of an attribute-Failure

Testing the difference between proportion based on sample and the proportion for whole population p-p

=
p*q N-n n*N

Testing the difference between proportion based on sample and the proportion for whole population

p-Sample proportion p-Population proportion of success q=1-p n=Number of items in sample N=Number of items in population

HYPOTHESIS TESTING
H0:-There is no difference between sample proportion and population proportion p=p H1:-There is difference between sample proportion and population proportion p=p

Do you use branded cosmetics

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yes No Series1

 p=0.70 q=0.30 Observed sample proportion p=87/102=0.8529

 n-102 N-65,80,000 Population of Mumbai-14 million 875:1000(female male ratio) 47% females in Mumbai

TEST STATISTIC (z)

p-p p*q N-n n*N

0.8529-0.70 0.70*0.30* 6580000-102 6580000*102

=3.55

RESULT OF Z-TEST
As H1 is two sided two tail test is applied for determining the rejection region at 5% level of significance Z=1.96 Calculated value(3.55) is more than the table value(1.96) so we reject the null hypothesis

RESULT OF Z-TEST
There is difference between proportion of women using branded cosmetics in the sample and proportion of women using branded cosmetics in the population

Chi-Square Test
Research objective Null Hypothesis (H0) : Mumbai women do not use branded cosmetics

Alternate Hypothesis (H1) : Mumbai women use branded cosmetics

Formula- (O-E)2 / E
E = 102 / 15 = 6.8

BRANDS Lakme Ponds Garnier Revlon Maybelline Loreal Nivea

OBSERVED FREQ (O) 59 39 33 31 6 15 21

EXPECTED FREQ (E) 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

OE 52.2 32.2 26.2 24.2 -0.8 8.2 14.2

(O E) 2 2724.84 1036.84 686.44 585.64 0.64 67.24 201.64

(O E) 2 / E 400.71 152.47 100.94 86.12 0.09 9.88 29.65

Ayur
Himalaya Oriflame Elle 18 Fair & Lovely Fairone Fairever Others

5
10 9 22 9 1 2 14

6.8
6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

-1.8
3.2 2.2 15.2 2.2 -5.8 -4.8 7.2

3.24
10.24 4.84 231.04 4.84 33.64 23.04 51.84

0.47
1.50 0.71 33.97 0.71 4.94 3.38 7.62

Total

833.16

(O-E)2 / E = 833.16 Degree of Freedom = 15-1 = 14 Assuming 5% level of significance. T0.05,14 = 23.685 Tcalc > T Null Hypothesis is rejected Therefore, Mumbai women use branded cosmetics

Limitations Of Research

 Large population size Small sample size Only women cosmetics were considered Only few brands were considered

 Misunderstanding of the question can all contribute to inaccuracies in the data. Survey question answer-choices could lead to vague data sets Bias Issues
External Environment Time consuming

CONCLUSION

THANK YOU
THANK YOU

Bibliography & Webliography

www.google.com www.wikipedia.com www.esurveyspro.com Research Methodology &Techniques by C.R Kothari Statistical Methods by S.P. Gupta Statistics for Management Richard Levin