Bi 11:C bao nhiu hon v ca cc ch

ci trong xu ABCDEF m trong c cha

xu con DEF?
Gii:
CoixuconDEFlmtchci(S)ths
honvcntmlshonvcaxubn
chciABCS.
Vyshonvcaccchcitrongxu
ABCDEFl:4!=24(honv).

Bi 12:C bao nhiu hon v ca cc ch

ci trong xu ABCDEF m trong c cha
ba ch ci D,E,F ng cnh nhau?
Gii:

3chciD,E,Fngcnhnhauthtrongmihon

vcntmphicha1honvcaccchcicaxu
DEF.
ShonvcaxuconDEFl:3!=6(hv).
CoicchonvcaxuDEFlccchci
S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6.KhingvimichciSi,s
honvcaccchcicaxu4chciABC(Si)l4!
=24(honv).
DovaitrcaccSinhnhaunntheonguynl
nhn,shonvcaccchcitrongxuABCDEFm
trongcchabachciD,E,Fngcnhnhaul:

3! 4!=144(honv)

Bi 13:C bao nhiu cch xp 6 ngi vo

ngi quanh ci bn trn (hai cch xp khng
coi l khc nhau nu chng c th thu c
t nhau bi php quay bn trn)?
Gii:
Nuxp6ngingivomtcibn
thngthsc6!=720cchxp.
Doxpvocibntrnnnmtcchxp
sctnhthnh6lnbiphpquay
bntrnnnscchxp6ngivongi
quanhcibntrnl:720/6=120cch
xp.

Bi 14:C bao nhiu cch xp 7 hc sinh nam v 5

hc sinh n ra thnh mt hng ngang sao cho
khng c hai n sinh no ng cnh nhau?
Gii:

utinxp7hcsinhnamtrc.Scchxpl:7!=5040cch
xp.
Xpchcho5hcsinhn.
C8vtrxp5hcsinhnsaochokhngc2hcsinhnno
ngcnhnhaul:6vtrxengia2bnnam,1vtruhngv1
vtrcuihng.
=>Scchxp5bnnvo8vtrl:A(8,5)=6720cch.
Vytheonguynlnhn,scchxp7hcsinhnamv5hcsinh
nngthnhhngngangsaochokhngc2hcsinhnng
cnhnhaul:
5040x6720=33868800cchxp.

Bi 15:C bao nhiu xu nh phn

di 32 m trong c ng 6 s 1?
Gii:
Xunhphndi32trongcng6
s1=>bitontngngvivicsp
xp6chs1vo32vtrvkhngxt
ntht.
Vysxunhphnthomn:
C(32,6)=906192.

Bi 16:C bao nhiu xu k t c th to

c t cc ch ci:
MISSISSIPPI?
Gii:

Xukttothnhc:
4chS
4chI
2chP
1chM
CC(11,4)cchchnvtrchochS,cnli7vtr.
CC(7,4)cchchnvtrchochI,cnli3vtr.
CC(3,2)cchchnvtrchochP,cnli1vtr.
C1cchchnvtrchochM.
Vysxuktthomn:
C(11,4).C(7,4).C(3,2).1=11!/(4!4!2!)=34650

Mt cch gii khc

XuMISSISSIPPIbaogm4chciS,4chciI,2ch
ciP,1chciM.
Coixutrnctothnht11chcikhcnhau.Khi
shonvctothnhl11!
Xt4chciS.Doccchcigingnhaunnkhihon
vccchciSchonhauxuthuckoi.
=>C4!xugingnhau.
Tngtsxugingnhaukhihonv4chciIl4!
vkhihonv2chciPl2!
VyshonvcaccchcitrongxuMISSISSIPPI
l11!/(4!4!2!)=34650(honv)

Bi 17:C 8 cun sch khc nhau.Hi c bao nhiu

cch phn cc cun sch ny cho 3 hc
sinh:M,Mai,Mn sao cho M nhn c 4 cun
cn Mai v Mn mi ngi nhn 2 cun?
Gii:
SschcaMl4cuntrongs8cun=>s
cchchiaschchoMlC(8,4).
TngtscchchiaschchoMailC(4,2).
ScchchiaschchoMnlC(2,2).
Vyscchchiaschcho3bn:
C(8,4).C(4,2).C(2,2)=420.

Bi 18:Gi s X l tp t phn t.Ta gi t hp lp chp k t t phn t ca X l

1 b khng c t t gm k thnh phn ly t cc phn t ca X.
V d:X={a,b,c},cc t hp lp chp 2 t cc phn t ca X l
(a a),(a b),(a c),(b b),(b c),(c c).
Chng minh rng s t hp lp chp k t t l:
C(k+t-1,t-1)=C(k+t-1,k)

Gii:
nhslnlttphntcaXlivi
1 i t
GilslnxuthincaphntthitrongtpkphntlyttpX.
Xi
Vytac:
(Vi
,
).
Xi 0 1 i t
X 1 + X 2 + ... + X t = k
ylbitonchiatin(kngtinchiachotatr)viscchlC(k+t
1,t1).
VysthplpchpkttphntcaXlC(k+t1,t1).
Theotnhchtthp:
C(k+t1,t1)=C(k+t1,k).