You are on page 1of 43

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

O SOCIAL SCIENCES

MICHELINE R. ISHAY

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

O / SOCIAL SCIENCES

:

Micheline Ishay


:
The History of Human Rights: From ancient times to the globalization era
:
-:
:
: . & ..
:
2004 Micheline Ishay
Published by arrangement with the University of California Press
Copyright
, 2008
Ishay, Micheline
:
/ Micheline Ishay . .
: 2008.
( = Social Sciences)
1. - . , . ,
. IV.
323.1. - dc22
:656 : 17x24
ISBN: 978-960-449-607-5 ..: 22619



. 18, 106 81
.: 210-33.01.251 Fax: 210-33.06.918
www.savalas.gr
e-mail: social@savalas.gr
:
14, 106 81
.: 210-33.02.600 Fax: 210-33.06.943

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

, ,

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

13

27

29
31
36

,








;

38
40
41
44
45
47

1.
49
53
:
66
:

76
;
82
;
91

2. :
,

111
115

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

10

,





;

115
119
127
139
149
159
171

3. :



1830 1848
1848




,


;
;
: ,
;
;

185
189
191
194
197
200
210
223
223
231
237

4. :

261
264




265


268

272

273

281

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

11


:

,

:

:

;

286
295
296
305
312
330
336

5.

357
361


1969-1989:

361
1989
368


372


374

383


388

396
11 :

404


405


412
;
425
6.
21 : O

453
457

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

12

465
472
480
488
488
494
501

511
527
575
609

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

13

A ,


. .

: , ..,

.

,

. ,

, , ..,
,
.


,
.1 -

1.
.

13

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

14


,
. , ,
, .





.2, 3

14

, , ,
, , ,
, , . . . , , ,
, 2005 . , . , . . (.), ,
, . , 2006.
2.
. N. Bobbio, Human rights now and in the future, The Age of Rights, Polity
Press, 1996 M. Ignatieff, Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry, Princeton
University Press, / 2001 T. Scanlon, Human rights as a
neutral concern, The Difficulty of Tolerance, Cambridge University Press, 2003,
.
3. . D.
Beetham, Democracy and Human Rights, Polity Press, 1999, .

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

15

, . , ,
. ,
,

.
, . ;4
, ,
,
.


: ( ) .
, , , , , ...
.
, ,

4. . Maurice Cranston, Are there any human rights?,


Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, . 112, . 4 (1983)
. Bobbio, On the fundamental principles of human rights, The Age of Rights,
.., ,
, Amartya Sen,
Elements of a theory of human rights, Philosophy & Public Affairs, . 32, . 4
(2004).
H.L.A. Hart, Are there any natural rights?, Philosophical Review,
. 64 (1955).

15

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

16

. , .5
. ,
,
.6

, .


(, , ...)
. , ,
, . , , , ,
- ( ),
,
.7 -

16

5. . Jrgen Habermas, Kants idea of perpetual peace, with


the benefit of two hundred years hindsight, J. Bohman M. Lutz-Bachmann,
Perpetual Peace, Essays on Kants Cosmopolitan Ideal, The MIT Press, ,
./ 1996.
6. . 2 2005: , []

, (4.5.2005).
7.
, , , ,
(. , , , 1998)

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

17

, , , , ,
,

( , )
, ( ).8

. .

18 , ,
,9 , ,10
.
, ,
(A. McIntyre, After Virtue, Duckworth, 1981),
(., .., M.J. Sandel, Liberalism and
the Limits of Justice, Cambridge University Press, (1982) 1998 ,
Democracys Discontent, America in Search of a Public Philosophy, The Belknap Press,
,
., 1996)

Slavoj Zizek, Against human rights, New Left Review, . 34 (2005).
8. par excellence J. Rancire, Who is the subject of the rights of man?, South Atlantic Quar
terly, . 103. . 2/3 (2004) S. Zizek, The obscenity of human rights: Violence
as symptom, www.lacan.com, 2005.
9. . , J. Bentham
Anarchical Fallacies, Nonsense Upon Stilts
Philip Schofield, Cyprian Blamires, Catherine Pease-Watkin (.), Rights,
Representation and Reform: Nonsense Upon Stilts and Other Writings on the French
Revolution (Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham), Oxford University Press,
2002.
10. . E. Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, . J.G.A. Pocock,
Hacket, 1987.

17

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

18

,
, :
, . , ,
, .

,
,
,
.11
.


, ,
.
. ,
, ,

.
, ,
, , , ,

18

11. Carl Schmitt, La notion de politique: Thorie du partisan, Flammarion,


1992.

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

19

,
, , , ( ) , , ,
,
.

, ,
,
, .
,
.

. ,

, ,
,
,
.12

, : , -

12. human rights (. . ,


: (), . . , 1953-2003.
, , 2005)
( )

-
.

19

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

20

, . , ,
, ,
,
( )
.13
, , ,
.
, , .
.
,

.14
, , .15
-

20

13. . R. Dworkin, Freedoms Law: The Moral Reading of the American Constitution,
Harvard University Press, , ., 1996.
14. . R. Dworkin, Taking rights
seriously, Taking Rights Seriously, Duckworth, 1977.
15.
(. . , ;, . . , , , 2004).

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

21

.

, ,
, 16 .
,

,
.17
, ,
,
.


.18 .
.


(

16. . R. Dworkin, The threat to patriotism, The New York Review of Books
(28.2.2002).
17. . J. Rawls, Justice as fairness, Collected Papers, . Samuel Freeman, Harvard University Press, , ./ 1999. . T. Nagel, The Possibility of Altruism,
Princeton University Press, 1970.
18. . T. Nagel, Equality and Partiality, Oxford
University Press, / 1991 Amartya Sen, Inequality Reexamined,
Oxford University Press, 1992 R. Dworkin, Sovereign Virtue, The Theory and
Practice of Equality, Harvard University Press, , ./ 2000.

21

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

22

) , (
).19

,
, o .
(
) ;20

, . , ,
,21 , , ,

22

19. . , , Seyla Benhabib, The Rights of Others,


Cambridge University Press, 2004,
,
John Roemer, Distributing Health: The Allocation of Resources by an International
Agency, M.C. Nussbaum A. Sen, The Quality of Life, Clarendon Press,
1993, .
. Brian Barry, Humanity and justice in global perspective,
Nomos XXIV: Ethics, Economics and the Law, . J.R. Pennock J.W. Chapman,
New York University Press, 1982.
20. , 18 , ,
1983, . 15.
21.

J. Rawls, Justice as fairness: Political not metaphysical, Collected
Essays, .., Political Liberalism (1993), Columbia University Press,
1996. .

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

23

,
, ,

.
, ,
, .
,
,
, , .22
, ,
,
,
.., , , .

,
.


,

22. . Etienne Balibar, Is a philosophy of human civic rights possible? New reflections on equaliberty, South Atlantic Quarterly, . 103, . 2/3 (2004).

23

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

24

24

,
, , ,
, .
,
.
,



.
,
, .

,
.
- , , , .

.
,
, ,
,
,

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

25

.23 , ..,

,
,
.
,
(
, ),
, 24,
.
*

23. . : ,
, , 1971, . 36:

[ ]
, .
24. Arthur Clarke, Childhoods End, Harcourt, 1963.
* .. , .

25

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

27



. , , ,
.
,
, .
Stephen Bronner, Ginni Ishimatsu
John Vail

Sasha Breger, Lisa Burke, Eric Fattor, Bobby Pace,
Chris Saeger Amentahru Wahlrab Suzanne Knott Jan
Spauschus .
, Reed Malcolm ,
.
,
, : Marc Agi, Shlomo Avineri, Benjamin Barber,
Manisha Desai, Jack Donnelly, John Ehrenberg, Tom Farer, Michael
Forman, Alan Gilbert, Russell Hardin, Angelique Haugeraud, Paul
Kan, Max Likin, David Ost, Steve Roach, Greg Robbins, Rhoda Singer,
Manfred Steger, Seth Ward Elizabeth Wolf.
Buchanan Sharp
,
.
Sheila Bazini

27

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

28

. , Edmond Ishay,
, .

28

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

29

Angelus Novus,
, 1920.
,

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

.
, , : .
, . ,
.
, .
,
.

sui generis , ,
. ,
, , . , ,

30

30

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

31

,
(discourses).1
,
, , . , (Walter Benjamin),
.
.
. , ,
.
,
. (Paul Klee) Angelus Novus, :
[ ] . ,
.
, .

.
, ,
. , .2


. , -

31

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

32

32

, , , . ,

. , ,
1948. (Ren Cassin),
,
,
.
,
, , .
, 2830, .
.
, ,

, , , , , . ,
3-19 , . , 20-26, ,
, . , 27-28,
,
19 20
. , -

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

33

.3

.
,
,
,

.
,
() ,
,

. ,
1989, ,
, ,
.

.
, ,
, . ,
,
,


. , , 19 , -

33

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

34

34

. ,
, (realpolitik)
(particularism) 19 20
.

, . ,
. ,
,
.
,

, ,

.

.
.
11 2001
,
.

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

35



(. . 1). ,
, , , (. . 2).

, , .
,
19 .

(. . 3).


20 ,
.
19 ,

(. . 3,
4, 5).
, ,

, ,
,

35

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

36

.
, . ,
11

(.
. 5). ,

,


21 (. . 5 6).

36

, :
; ,
. . (Friedrich Hegel) . (Karl Marx)
, . , (Francis Fukuyama)
.


.

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

37


,

.

.
.
:



,
.

. , . .
( ),
. ,

. ,
,
: -

37

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

38

38

,
.
,
, , , , - . ,
.
.

,
(Hugo Grotius), (Samuel
Pufendorf), (Emmerich de Vattel)
(Ren Descartes), , . ,

.
,
.

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

39

,
. . 19 ,
.
(
)
,
,
. ,


.

,
. ,
.
, . ,
. , ,
. ,

,
(Immanuel Kant)

39

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

40

(Thomas Paine),
.
, ,
,
.

19 -

40

.

,
, , .

, ,
,
( 18-21)
1966 .
,
. , . ,
. New York Daily
Tribune 1850,
[]
4.

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

41


,

. ,
,
19 .
19 , , , ,
, .
, 1966. .


, , . , .

.
.
.

( )
,
,

41

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

42

42

, . , ,
. , ,
,

, .

,

19 20,
.
( )
(Samuel Huntington) 5.

, , , ,
( ) .
,
, (Lopold
Sdar Senghor) ,
;
,
, ;

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

43

; ,


, . .6
,
( )
( ).

,
.7 ( ) 19 , .
(Johann Gottlieb
Fichte), (Giuseppe Mazzini),
(John Stuart Mill) (Theodor Herzl), 19 ,
20
.8
.
,

43

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

44

.9
, .
(Ernst Bloch), (Lucien Goldman), (Habermas, Jrgen) , .
,
, , .

44



,

,

. , , ,
. , ,

: ( ),

.
, -

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

45


.
18 1848 1871,
18 19 . ,
,
...
11
2001 ,
, ,
. ,


. , ,
, ,

. ,

, .
;


:
; -

45

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

46

46

,

.
. , ,
, .
,
,
,
;

,
; ,
, ;
,


. : , , ,
.
, , ( , ..).

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

47

(..,
)
( , ..) . ,

.


: , , , ,


,
: ;

,
1948. , 1
.

, ,
. , 1, . , -

47

01-ISHAY

18-04-08

12:38

48

1948

, ,
. ,
,
. , ,
, .

48

You might also like