Composition

Composition of Intravenous Fluids (Based on 1-litre bags)

Type
Plasma

Na+ K+ Ca2+ Cl- HCO3140 4.5

Other

pH osm. tonicity

Comments

2.3

100

26

++

7.4

290

Saline 0.45%

77

77

5.0

154

---

'half' saline

Saline 0.9%

154

154

5.0

308

'normal' saline

Saline 0.9% +
20mmol KCl

154 20

174

348

Saline 0.9% +
40mmol KCl

154 40

194

388

++

Glucose 5%

glucose 277
mM

277

50g glucose per

litre

Glucose 5% +
20mmol KCl

20

20

glucose
277mM

317

50g glucose per

litre

Glucose 5% +
40mmol KCl

40

40

glucose
277mM

357

++

Glucose 10%

glucose
556mM

556

++

100g glucose per

litre

Glucose 50%

glucose 2.77M

2777

+++

Usually 25g in
50ml; very
irritant

Glucose 4%
Saline 0.18%

31

31

glucose
222mM

284

40g glucose per

litre

Glucose 5%
Saline 0.45%

77

77

glucose
277mM

431

++

Hartmann's
solution

131

2.0

111

29

lactate 29mM

7.0

278

Ringer's lactate

130

1.4

109

28

lactate 28mM

6.5 273[4]

Plasmalyte 148
and 5% glucose

140

98

29

acetate 27mM,
gluconate
5.0
23mM

available with
5% glucose

294