Maxwell equations:

D = oE + P = oE B = o( H + M ) B = 0 D = free ( non dipole ) D t ( 1) o D = dipole H = J + E +

B =0 t

Solid-State Electronics
Equation of motion of carriers in solid:
dp p + = F = e(E + v B) , where p=mv dt qE q , or = v= m m where q is the charge (-e for electron)

Boltzmann Transport Equation df f = v f F p f + dt t collision where f(x,v,t) is the distribution function and F is the force field. Shockley Equations for semiconductors:
q n = j n + q( g n rn ) t p = j p + q ( g p rp ) q t j n = q n nE + qDn n = n n Fn j p = q p pE qD p p = pp Fp
+ E = = q ( p n + N D N A )

nT = ( g p rp ) ( g n rn ) t

Mechanical beam equation D4y + T2y = d2y/d2t, where is the mass per unit area. Energy Transfer Equations (first law of thermal dynamics): T T q d = k 2 + + c p q - dt T = k
where is viscous dissipation (kinetic energy generation and q is the heat flux. heat) and q is internal heat

Navier Stokes equations: u u F d = p + 2 + dt the dynamic viscosity (=/, the kinematic viscosity). Continuity Equation:

u 0 d + = dt
Plasma as a fluid:
u u u u u u u mn ( 0 ) t mn + ( ) = total force = qn ( E + B ) p + 2 + mngh p = C or p = nKT u n + (n ) = 0 t

(convective derivative) of momentum =Lorentz force+pressure-collision+viscous damping + gravitation.