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GD&T

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Dimensioning Specification
There are a number of methods of dimensioning Chain dimensioning Baseline dimensioning Direct dimensioning The method of dimension will affect the tolerance accumulation.

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Chain dimensioning (largest tolerance accumulation)

Baseline dimensioning

Direct dimensioning (least tolerance accumulation)

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Analyzing Tolerance Stacks

Requirement 1 - The gap between the shaft and the inner bearing cap must always be greater than zero to ensure that the rotor is clamped and the bearings are preloaded. Requirement 2 - The gap between the housing cap and the housing must always be greater than zero to ensure that the stator is clamped. Requirement 3 - The mounting surfaces of the rotor and stator must be within .005 for the motor to operate.

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Analyzing Tolerance Stacks

Requirement 4 - The bearing outer race must always protrude beyond the main housing, so that the bearing stays clamped. Requirement 5 -The thread of the bearing cap screw must have a minimum thread engagement of .200 inches. Requirement 6 -The bottom of the bearing cap screw thread must never touch the bottom of the female thread on the shaft. Requirement 7- The rotor and stator must never touch. The maximum radial distance between the rotor and stator is .020.

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Requirements
Requirement 1. Gap 1 0 Requirement 2. Gap 2 0 Requirement 3. Gap 3 .005 Requirement 4. Gap 4 0 Requirement 5. Gap 5 .200 Requirement 6. Gap 6 0 Requirement 7. Gap 7 0 and .020

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Loop Analysis

Horizontal loop diagram for Requirement 6

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Loop Analysis
Start from right surface vector loop to the left surface For horizontal dimensions:
Use a + sign for dimensions followed from left to right. Use a sign for dimensions followed from right to left.

Assign a variable name to each dimension in the loop.

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Convert to Equal Bilateral Tolerances

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Dimensions and tolerances used in Requirement 6

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Mean Gap
Gap 6 = a1d1 + a2d2 +a3d3 +a4d4 +a5d5 +a6d6 +a7d7 +a8d8 +a9d9 +a10d10 + a11d11 Gap 6 = (-1)A +(1)B +(1)C +(1)D +(1)E +(1)F +(1)G +(1)H+(1)I +(1)J +(1)K Gap 6 = (-1).3595+(1).0320+(1).0600+(1).4305 +(1).1200+(1)1.5030+(1).1200+(1).4305 +(1).4500+(-1)3.0250+(1).0300 Gap 6 = .0615

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Tolerance
twc =|(-1).0155|+|(1).0030|+|(1).0050| +|(1).0075|+|(1).0050|+|(1).0070|+|(1).0050| +|(1).0075|+|(1).0070|+|(-1).0060| +|(1).0300| twc = .0955 Minimum Gap 6 = dg - twc = .0615 - .0955 = -.0340 Maximum Gap 6 = dg + twc = .0615 + .0955 = .1570

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Geometric Tolerance
Chapter 5 Dimensioning and Tolerancing Handbook By: Drake, P., Jr. 1999 McGraw-Hill KNOVEL

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GD&T (I)

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GD&T (II)

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GD&T (III)

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Feature Control Frame

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Modifying Symbols

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Maximum Material Condition

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Least Material Condition

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Projected Tolerance Zone

Applies to a hole in which a pin, stud, screw, etc., is to be inserted. Controls the perpendicularity of the hole to the extent of the projection from the hole and as it relates to the mating part clearance. The projected tolerance zone extends above the surface of the part to the functional length of the pin, stud, and screw relative to its assembly with the mating part.

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Free State Variations

Free State Variations - is a term used to describe distortion of a part after removal of forces applied during manufacture. Tangent Plane - indicating a tangent plane is shown. The symbol is placed in the feature control frame following the stated tolerance.

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Gauging
Chapter 19 Dimensioning and Tolerancing Handbook By: Drake, P., Jr. 1999 McGraw-Hill KNOVEL

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Example Multiple Datum

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Example 2

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Example 2

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