7-9

2012

7-9 ,
,

3-,

:
5-6
7-9 , "Vista", 2004 12

.
.

: +38095-319-95-18
www.abx.at.ua
-mail: abxabx@email.ua

 "Vista", 2012

I.
( )
a

A a, B a
()

a
A

B A
D
B

A
a
B

()

AB=a>0

AB
CD
A
no
B ABC=

no>0

AC=AB+BC

COD
C
O
D

(ab ) = (ac ) + (cb )

 ()

C
n
A
B
CAB = n

= m
()

B b, b || a
b

II.

AOB
(ab)

= n
180

no

n = 180

ABC + CBD = 180

B
D

1

1 = 2

 ( )
A

AB
a

a
b
a||b, b||c, a||c

1.

a
b

2.

a
b

3.

a
b

2
1

1 + 2 = 180

1 = 2

a||b

2
1

1 = 2

1 = 2

a||b, (. )

1 + 2 = 180

()

()

1 = 2

()

V.
a

b
c

a<b+c
b<a+b
c<a+b

A + B + C = 180

B
1.

CBD = A + C

2.
3.

A1
A
B

ABC = A1 B1C1

B1 E

DE || AB,
DE = 1 AB
2
(AB=BC)

ABC ,
1) A = C

1) A = C ,
ABC

2) BD
( 2) BD ,
,
,
), ABC .
.

C
C
D
A

1)

( A =
90 )
2)

3)

4-5)

(;
)

2
30

30o

AC = 1 AB , B = 30
2

CM =

AB

2 = a 2 + b 2 ( )

sin = a
c
cos = b
c

tg = a
b
ctg = b
a

0 30 45 60 90 120 135 150 180

sin 0

1
2

cos 1

3
2
1
3

tg

ctg

2
2
2
2

3
2
1
2

1
0

3
2
- 12

2
2
- 2
2

- 3

-1

1
3

- 3

-1

1
2

- 3

-1

2
1
- 3

- 3

sin + cos = 1

tg ctg = 1
sin(180 ) = sin
sin
tg =
cos(180 ) = cos
cos
2

tg (180 ) = tg

B B1

ABC ~ A1 B1C1

A1

AB = BC = AC
A1 B1 B1C1 A1C1 ;

C1

1.

A = A1 ,
B = B1 ,

C = C1 .

2.
3.

B
1

A1

B1

ABC ~ A1 B1C1

C
CD 2 = AD DB

AC 2 = AB AD
A

BC 2 = AB BD

a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos
b 2 = a 2 + c 2 2ac cos
c 2 = a 2 + b 2 2ab cos
9

a = b = c = 2R
sin sin sin

A
a

A1
A
a

C1

B1

A1

B1

C1

B
b

AC AB
=
CD BD

a||b||c AB=BC,
A1B1=B1C1

a||b||c,

1 1
=
11

10

S
= k ,
= k2
a1
S1

V.
(AB||CD, AD||BC)

1)

1)

2)

AB=CD, AB||DC,
ABCD .
2)

3)
A

4) AC 2 + BD 2 = 2( AD 2 + AB 2 )

C
O

AO=OC, DO=OB,
ABCD .

(AB||CD, AD||BC, =90)

B

1), 2), 3)
4)*
D

AC=BD

1) ABCD
A=BD
D

ABCD

11

 (AB||CD, AD||BC, AB=BC=CD=AD)

1), 2), 3)
4)** AC BD
BD

ABCD AC BD ,
ABCD .
C

(AB||CD, AD||BC, AB=BC=CD=AD, =90))

1), 2), 3), 4)*, 4)**

ABCD
AC=BD,
D

ABCD
A

(B||AD)

EF||AD,

EF = 1 ( AD + BC )
2

D
B

(AB=CD)

A = D

12

VI.

C
E

B
D

1)

OB CD, CE = ED

2)

CE = ED, OB CD

1) CA OA
2) CA = CB

O
B

()

R=

abc
4S

r=

2S
P

R=

13

abc
4S

()

ACB = 1 AOB
2
C = C1

AB+CD=BC+AD

= 2R
= R n
180

D
B

14

C1

1) A + C = B + D = 180
2) ABCD ,
AB=CD

AS BS = CS DS
C
S
B
A
P
C

 AB ,
ACB = 90

VII. (n-)

180o(n-2)
360o

an = 2 R sin 180
n

r
180
n
a3 = 2 3r

an = 2r tg

a3 = R 3

3
4

a4 = R 2

a4 = 2 r

a6 = R

a6 = 2 3 r
3

AB = ( x x1 ) 2 + ( y2 y1 ) 2

VIII. 2
B(x2;y2)

C(x;y)
(x1;y1)

x=

x1 + x 2
2

y=

y1 + y 2
AP2 BP = CP DP
15


(x-xo)2+(y-yo)2=R2

R
O(xo;yo)

O(0;0)
x2+y2=R2

ax+by+c=0

,
(x1;y1) (x2;y2)

1
1
=
2 1 2 1

y
y=kx+b,

k=tg

x=a
y=b

|| Oy,
(;0)
|| Ox,
(0;b)

IX.

a
(x1;y1)

16

B(x2;y2)

a ( x2 x1 ; y2 y1 )

 (a1;a2)

a = a12 + a22
a

a (a1 ; a2 ) + b (b1 ; b2 ) = c (a1 + b1 ; a2 + b2 )

a a

a (a1; a2 ) b (b1; b2 ) = c (a1 b1; a2 b2 )

ka ( a1; a2 ) = c (ka1; ka2 )

ka , k > 0
ka , k < 0

a (a1 ; a2 ) b(b1 ; b2 ) ,

a1 a2
=
b1 b2

a (a1 ; a2 ) b (b1 ; b2 ) = a1b1 + a2b2

17

a b = a b cos , = (a , b )

a b ab = 0

18

.
S = a2
1
S = d2
2

S = 1 d 2 sin
2

S = ab ;

b
b

ha

S = aha
S = ab sin
S = 1 d1 d 2
2

d2
d1

ha

d1

S=
S=

S = 1 d1d 2 sin
2

S = ah
S = a 2 sin

S = a+b h
2
1
S = d1d 2 sin
2

h
a

d2

d2
d1

1
aha
2
p ( p a )( p b)( p c ) ,

p=

a+b+c
2

19

S=

S=

b
a

1
ab sin
2

1
ab
2

a2 3
S=
4

S = R 2
R

3,14

R 2
=
360

(n )

20

1
Pr
2
1
360
S = nR 2 sin
2
n
S=