CONJUNCTION 1. conjunction is a part of speech that connects two words, sentences, phrases or clauses together.

A discourse connective is a conjunction joining sentences. This definition may overlap with that of other parts of speech, so what constitutes a "conjunction" must be defined for each language. In general, a conjunction is an invariable grammatical particle, and it may or may not stand between the items it conjoins. The definition can also be extended to idiomatic phrases that behave as a unit with the same function as a single-word conjunction (as well as, provided that, etc.). Coordinating conjunctions:

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for: presents a reason ("He is gambling with his health, for he has been smoking far too long.") (though "for" is more commonly used as a preposition) and: presents non-contrasting item(s) or idea(s) ("They gamble, and they smoke.") nor: presents a non-contrasting negative idea ("They do not gamble, nor do they smoke.") but: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, but they don't smoke.") or: presents an alternative item or idea ("Every day, they gamble or they smoke.") yet: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, yet they don't smoke.") so: presents a consequence ("He gambled well last night, so he smoked a cigar to celebrate.") 5. Correlative conjunctions Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together to coordinate two items. English examples include bothand, [n]either[n]or, and not [only]but [also], whether... or

6. Subordinating Conjunctions A subordinating conjunction introduces a dependent clause and indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent clause(s) and the dependent clause(s). The most common subordinating conjunctions are "after," "although," "as," "because," "before," "how," "if," "once," "since," "than," "that," "though," "till," "until," "when," "where," "whether," and "while." Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a subordinating conjunction: o After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent. The subordinating conjunction "after" introduces the dependent clause "After she had learned to drive." o If the paperwork arrives on time, your cheque will be mailed on Tuesday. Similarly, the subordinating conjunction "if" introduces the dependent clause "If the paperwork arrives on time." o Gerald had to begin his thesis over again when his computer crashed. The subordinating conjunction "when" introduces the dependent clause "when his computer crashed." o Midwifery advocates argue that home births are safer because the mother and baby are exposed to fewer people and fewer In this sentence, the dependent clause "because the mother and baby are exposed to fewer people and fewer germs" is introduced by the subordinating conjunction "because."

Either do your work or prepare for a trip to the office. Not only is he handsome but he is also brilliant. Neither the basketball team nor the football team is doing well. Both the cross country team and the swimming team are doing well. Whether you stay or go is your decision

6 I refuse to pay anything ______ you do the work properly. Conjunctions 1 You can come to the meeting ______ you don't say anything. so that as long as while until as if 2 I'm not leaving ______ I get an apology from you. so that as long as while until as if 3 I came her ______ you could give me an explanation. so that as long as while until 9 I came early ______ I could talk to you privately. as if 4 Bob is very tall ______ Bill is very short. so that as long as while until as if 5 You look ______ you've seen a ghost. so that as long as while until as if as long as while until as if 10 ______ I don't think she's perfect for the job, she's certainly better qualified than Steve. so that so that as long as while until as if as long as while until as if 8 You look ______ you haven't eaten for a week. so that as long as while until as if 7 I'm going shopping for food this evening ______ I don't have to go at the weekend. so that so that as long as while until as if

11 I don't mind if you go out for lunch ______ you're back for the meeting at two. so that as long as while until as if 12 Are you OK? You look ______ you have a problem. so that as long as while until as if 13 ______ the job is very interesting, it's also very badly paid. so that as long as while until as if 14 We'll go to the mountains on Saturday ______ it doesn't rain. so that as long as while until as if 15 The winters here are very cold ______ the summers are very hot. so that

16 You can write the report when you want ______ it's ready by the end of the month. so that as long as while until as if 17 It looks ______ the government has got a lot of problems. so that as long as while until as if 18 I want Mary to be in charge ______ I get back from holiday. so that as long as while until as if 19 ______ I don't approve of what you did, I'm not going to punish you for it. so that as long as while until as if 20 I'm learning English ______ I can get a better job. so that as long as

as long as while while until until as if as if