VmdZm

_hfu dm`m`Z `m`m "H$m_gy_'Mm _amR>r AZwdmX H$amdm Ago AZoH$ dfmnmgyZ _m`m _ZmV hmoVo;
nU Vmo `moJ m dfu `m`Mm hmoVm.
b{JH$/n[adm[aH$ {ejUmMo A`mgH$_ {Za{Zam`m ^maVr` {dmnrR>mgmR>r ~Zd`mMo H$m_ _r hmVr
KoVbo. `m doir naXoemV, `mVhr A{VJV XoemV AZoH$ jomVrb {dmZmZr hOmamo nmbH$, bmImo {ejH$
`mMoer MMm H$$Z gJUH$~wr d A`mYw{ZH$ gm_wJrZo Oo A`mgH$_ V`ma Ho$bo `mMm _r A`mg Ho$bm. `m
A`mgH$_mVrb KQ>H$ _bm AmoiIrMo dmQ>bo. CH$> VrMo A`mYw{ZH$ gemoYZ, gd}jU nVr, JV
{dMmagaUr dJa|`m ghm`mZr nmMm`mZr Oo A`mgH$_ ~Zdbo; VoM A`mgH$_ KQ>H$ ^maVr` gH$VrV
hOmamo dfmnmgyZ M{bV AmhoV. H$m_gyo m JWmV ho gd KQ>H$ AmhoV.
AmM` Ago H$s, H$m_gymAmYr AWddoXmVhr ho gd KQ>H$ AmT>iVmV. `mMm AW Agm H$s, hOmamo
dfmnydu XoIrb ^maVr`mZr b{JH$/n[adm[aH$ {ejUmMm nwaH$ma Ho$bm hmoVm. _Y`m H$mimV Oohm ^maVmda
naH$s`mMo AmH$_U Pmbo, Vohm `oH$ AmH$_H$mZo Amn`m ~amo~a Amnbr {dMmagaUr ^maVr`mda bmXbr
Am{U AmnU ^maVr` XoIrb b{JH$ {ejUmbm AJm, Jw{nV Am{U nmn _mZy bmJbmo.
AmVm nwhm hr {dMmagaUr ~Xby nmhVo`. AmVm emim, H$mboO, dH$s` H$mboO`m nmVirda b{JH$
{ejUmMr JaO gd OUmZr OmUbr Amho. `m >rZo hiyhiy dmQ>Mmb hmoD$ bmJbr Amho. m dmQ>MmbrV
"H$m_gym' Mo _mJXeZ `mo` R>aob.
"H$m_gyo' Mr egm H$aVmMr Ver JaO Zmhr. H$maU `oH$mbmM `m~b _mhrV Amho. nU
H$m_gyo~b, `m ~m~V {dMma Hw$Ur AmOn`V Ho$bobm Zmhr `m~b _r WmoS>`mV gmJUma Amho.
`mZr H$m_gyo dmMbo Zmhr qH$dm `mMm A`mg Ho$bm Zmhr `m AkOZmZm dmQ>Vo, H$s `m \$$ b{JH$
Am{U g^moJmgZmMr _m{hVrM \$$ Amho; nU hm \$ma _moR>m Jag_O Amho. Iao Va nyU H$m_gyoV \$$ 52 gymMm
EH$ A`m` g^moJm`m {H$`o{df`r Amho. BVa H$mhr _moOH$s gyo Or qbJmMo AmH$ma dJa|~b AmhoV. EHy$U
1250 gymnH$s BVa gd gyo hr ^mdZm, _Zmo{dkmZ, dmJUyH$ Am{U gkmnZmg~Yr AmhoV. A`mYw{ZH$ H$m_{dkmZ
_mZVo, H$s H$m_H$bm hUOo 10 Q>o$ emar[aH$ {H$`m Am{U 90 Q>o$ _Zmo{dkmZ Amho. VoM H$m_gyo_`o dm`m`ZmZr
gm{JVbo Amho.
H$m_gyo_Yo Zg{JH$ J^YmaUm, J^mdWm Am{U gyVr `m~b`m gymMm A^md Amho. `mMo ho H$maU
Agmdo, H$s g`m H$m_gym`m `m Vr CnbY AmhoV, `m AnyU AmhoV; `mVrb H$mhr ^mJ Jhmi Pmbobm
Amho. `m_wio H$Xm{MV hm ^mJ Amn`mbm H$YrM CnbY hmoUma Zmhr.
H$m_gyo_`o d{eH$ ho 6 A`m` Am{U 290 gymMo nXrK A{YH$aU Amho. `mV do`m{df` Amho.
`mMo `dhma, dmJUyH$, {XZM`m, AWmOZmMo _mJ, `moJ dJa|Mr {dVV _m{hVr Amho. _hfu dm`m`Z
do`m`dgm`mbm _mJXeZ H$$Z `m `dgm`mbm n{V{>V ~Zdy nmhV hmoVo H$m? do`mJ_ZmMo g_WZ Am{U
mogmhZ H$aV hmoVo H$m? Ago Z `m_wio _ZmV `oUo ghO e` Amho. nU hr _m{hVr do`o`m {Z{_mmZo {Xbr
Agbr Var Vr gdgmYmaU r- nwfmZm Cn`w$ Amho. AmVmn`V `mMr JaO ^mgbr Zmhr, nU H$mhr dfmZr
`mMr JaO O$a ^mgob.
gdW_ _r _mPo nrEM.S>r gemoYZ H$m`mMo Jw S>m. am_Xmg ~aH$bo gamMo Am^ma _mZVmo. `mZr
doimodoir _mPm Cgmh dmT>dbm hUyZM ho _hH$R>rU H$m_ nyU hmoD$ eH$bo.
_mPo _mVm-{nVm `mMo WmZ gdmV daMo Amho. `mZrM _mPr dmr KS>dbr. `mMo _r Am^ma _mZVmo.
_m`m nZrMo dS>rb lr. eaX dX} EH$ _hmZ Xod^$, H$_H$mS>mV aV, nwamUmVrb AZoH$ H$dZo, gyo$

H$m_gyo

S>m. H$me Vw. doaoH$a

Zm{eH$.

dJao `mMr Vm|S>nmR> AmhoV VgoM gJrVmMo JmT>o {dmZ. `m`m m gd gwJwUmZm nmhZ AmnUhr H$mhr dmMmdo,
{eH$mdo Am{U ~k hmdo Ago _bm dmQ>bo. doXmMm A`mg H$a`mMr oaUm `mMoH$Sy>ZM _bm {_imbr.
doX{dm JhU H$a`mMm h$ `oH$ qhXy Y_u`mbm AmhoV. "Am`m`M ewm`M' Ago ewb `Owd}XmV n> hQ>bo
Amho.
EH$XarVM doXmMm A`mg H$a`mg dm Ho$`m~b _r `mMo Am^ma _mZVmo.
_m`m nZrMo dS>rb, AmB S>m. gm B{Xam dX} `mZr doimodoir AZoH$ H$mao _bm ghm` Ho$bo, Am`m
o_mVmB {XdoH$a (n_m`m), AmOr lr_Vr gw{_m~mB dX} `mZr Jw^$s Am{U ~kmZmMr JmoS>r bmdbr `m~b
_r `mMo OmhranUo Am^ma _mZVmo.
Ago hUVmV, H$s doXmV gd H$mhr gmnS>Vo (gd doXmV {g`{V) Am{U doXmVrb kmZ ho OJm`m
AVmn`V Cn`moJr nS>Umao ("gdkmZ_`mo{hg:') Amho. mZwgma H$m_gymbm H$mhr bmoH$ nmMdm doX _mZVmV, ho
Iao Amho.
VwV H$m_gymV H$m_{dkmZ{df`H$ gd H$mhr gmnS>V Zmhr, H$maU H$m_gyoMr _yi g{hVm Amn`mbm
CnbY Zmhr, hoM hmo`.
H$m_gyo ho gH$V ^mfoV Amho Am{U `oH$ gymMo AZoH$ {Za{Zamio AW {ZKy eH$VmV. ("Ame`mUm
gdVmo _wIdmV') _r m nwVH$mV gdgmYmaU AZwdmX {Xbm Amho. dmMH$mZr `mMm drH$ma H$amdm.
ho nwVH$ {b{h`mgmR>r `mZr _bm _XV Ho$br, `m gdmMo _r _Z:nydH$ Am^ma _mZVmo.
nwVH$ H$m{eV H$$Z Vo dmMH$m`m hmVr {X`m~b _r _mPo {_ lr. OJXre ^wVS>m `mMo Am^ma
_mZVmo.
S> m . H$me Vw . do a o H $a

AZwH$_{UH$m
1. gmYmaU A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : H$m_gymMr nanam Am{U Cnmr
A`m` 2 : OrdZmMo VrZ gma-Y_, AW Am{U H$m_
A`m` 3 : {`mgmR>r Mmg> H$m_H$bm
A`m` 4 : a{gH$ OZmMo OrdZ-H$V`
A`m` 5 : Zm{`H$m-Zm`H$ H$ma
2. gm`mo { JH$ A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : OZZ|{`mMo AmH$ma Am{U g^moJ H$ma
A`m` 2 : AmqbJZ {dYr
A`m` 3 : Mw~Z {dYr
A`m` 4 : ZIjV (ZImZo Amoa~mS>Uo)
A`m` 5 : XVH$_ Am{U H$m_H$S>mMr arVr
A`m` 6 : _WwZmMr {d{^ AmgZo
A`m` 7 : haU Am{U grH$ma dJao AmdmO
A`m` 8 : g^moJm`m doJ`m {dYr
A`m` 9 : Amn[a>H$ (_wI_WwZ)
A`m` 10 : a{V{H$`m Am{U o_H$bh
3. H$`m g `w $H$ A{YH$ma
A`m` 1 : H$`oMr {ZdS> Am{U {ddmhgH$ma
A`m` 2 : nZrV {ddmg {Z_mU H$aUo
A`m` 3 : {ddmhmgmR>r ~minUmnmgyZM AmamYZm
A`m` 4 : ghm`H$m{edm` Zm{`H$m-Zm`H$mMr {ZdS>
A`m` 5 : {ddmhmMo {dYr
4. ^m`m { YH$m[aH$A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : nZrMo H$V` Am{U {VMr {XZM`m
A`m` 2 : gdVt~amo~a `o>rMo, {dYdoMo, Cno{jVoMo Am{U ~hnZrH$ nVrMo H$V`
5. nmaXm[aH$ A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : a{gH$ Zm`H$ Am{U naZmar
A`m` 2 : AmoiI Am{U o_H$bm
A`m` 3 : Zmar`m _Zmo^mdmMr narjm
A`m` 4 : XyVrMo H$m_ Am{U `mMo ^oX

A`m` 5 : amOm`m H$m_brbm

A`m` 6 : am`m`m H$m_brbm
6. d { eH$ A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : do`mMo d$n
A`m` 2 : do`mMo nZrgmaIo AmMaU
A`m` 3 : do`mMr AWbmbgVm Am{U {da$s
A`m` 4 : do`oMo Ow`m o_r~amo~a Zdo ZmVo
A`m` 5 : do`o`m bm^{deofmda `m`mZ
A`m` 6 : do`o`m AWmZWmMr MMm
7. Am n {Zf{XH$ A{YH$aU
A`m` 1 : derH$aU `e Am{U dmOrH$aU
A`m` 2 : H$m_mMo {d{dY `moJ