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CAPITAL INVESTMENTS.

IMPORTANCE Long Term Effect Irreversibility Substantial Outlay

DIFFICULTIES Measurement Problems Uncertainty Temporal Spread

PHASES OF CAPITAL BUDGETING


Planning Analysis Selection Financing Implementation Review

LEVELS OF DECISION MAKING


Decision: Level: Structure: Resources Commitment: Time Horizon: Operating. Lower Routine Minor ST Admn. Middle Semi Moderate MT Strategic. Top Unstructure Major L T.

FACETS OF PROJECT ANALYSIS


Important Facets are; Market analysis Technical analysis Financial analysis Economic analysis Ecological analysis

STRATEGY AND RESOURCES ALLOCATION


Strategy is defined as: Basic L T goals & objectives determination Adoption of courses of action Allocation of resources needed

Formulation of Strategies
Environmental Analysis (Opportunities & Threats) Customers Competitors Suppliers Regulations Infrastructure Social/Political

Internal Analysis (Strengths & Weaknesses) Technical knowhow Manufacturing capacity Marketing & Distribution Capability Logistics Financial resources

Firms Strategies: Identify opportunities Determine core capabilities Find the fit between the above two To have a positive NPV.

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