EAST

the couNcil of stAte GoVerNMeNts | 2013

The Book of The STaTeS 2013 facts & figures

PriSon PoPulATionS
State and federal prison populations1 and imprisonment rates 2 have declined for two straight years, after increasing or remaining stable from 2000 to 2009. From 2010 to 2011, 26 states saw incarcerated populations increase, while 22 states experienced decreases and two remained about the same.3 In 2011, the imprisonment rate in CSGs Southern region was the highest (547 per 100,000) by a significant margin, followed by the Western region (384 per 100,000) and the Midwestern region (339 per 100,000). CSGs Eastern region had the lowest imprisonment rate in 2011 at 284 prisoners per 100,000 state residents. Imprisonment rates dropped the most in CSGs Eastern region from 2010 to 2011, falling 1.91 percent. CSGs Midwestern region, which dropped 1.24 percent, and Western region, which dropped 1.19 percent, were close behind, while rates in the Southern region fell the least at 0.3 percent. Maine (147 per 100,000) and Rhode Island (196 per 100,000) had the lowest imprisonment rates in the region for 2011, while Pennsylvania (402 per 100,000) and Delaware5 (440 per 100,000) had the highest rates in the region. Delawares high rate may be due to the slightly different way the state calculates its rate. From 2010 to 2011, seven of the 11 states in the region experienced a decline in their imprisonment rates. Connecticut saw the largest decline (5.9 percent), followed by New Hampshire (5.7 percent). Of the four states experiencing an increase in their imprisonment rates, only oneMassachusetts by 2 percentsaw an increase greater than 1 percent.

Regional analysis

Between 2010 and 2011, the number of sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal correctional authorities declined by 1 percent, or by 15,254 prisoners. A decline of 1.6 percent, or 21,663 prisoners, under state jurisdiction was offset by an increase of 3.4 percent, or 6,409 prisoners, under federal jurisdiction. At the end of 2011, 492 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents were incarcerated. That number was down 1.7 percent from 2010, while admissions of prisoners sentenced to more than one year in state or federal prison dropped by 5 percent over the same period. Nationally, the 2011 rate for sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents is up 4.7 percent over 2000. Before falling in 2010 and 2011, the national imprisonment rate grew an average of 0.6 percent annually between 2000 and 2009. California experienced the largest year-over-year percentage drop in its prison population per 100,000 residents in the nation10 percent or 15,188 prisonerswhile Kentuckys imprisonment rate grew the fastest of any state4.6 percent. The states with the lowest imprisonment rates include Maine (147 per 100,000), Minnesota (183 per 100,000) and Rhode Island4 (196 per 100,000). Louisiana (865 per 100,000), Mississippi (690 per 100,000) and Alabama (650 per 100,000) had the highest imprisonment rates in the country.

National analysis

RESOURCES
1 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 2 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 3 All data used throughout the report is from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2000, 2010 and 2011 reports, http://bjs. ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4559 4 Rhode Islands rate includes both jail and prison populations. 5 Jurisdiction counts include inmates held in nonsecure privately operated community corrections facilities and juveniles held in contract facilities. Delawares rate also includes both jail and prison populations.

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midwest

THE COuNCIl OF STATE GOVERNMENTS | 2013

The Book of The STaTeS 2013 Facts & Figures

Prison PoPulations
State and federal prison populations1 and imprisonment rates 2 have declined for two straight years, after increasing or remaining stable from 2000 to 2009. From 2010 to 2011, 26 states saw incarcerated populations increase, while 22 states experienced decreases and two remained about the same.3 In 2011, the imprisonment rate in CSGs Southern region was the highest (547 per 100,000) by a significant margin, followed by the Western region (384 per 100,000) and the Midwestern region (339 per 100,000). CSGs Eastern region had the lowest imprisonment rate in 2011 at 284 prisoners per 100,000 state residents. Imprisonment rates dropped the most in CSGs Eastern region from 2010 to 2011, falling 1.91 percent. CSGs Midwestern region, which dropped 1.24 percent, and Western region, which dropped 1.19 percent, were close behind, while rates in the Southern region fell the least at 0.3 percent. Minnesota (183 per 100,000) and North Dakota (206 per 100,000) had the lowest imprisonment rates in the region for 2011, while Indiana (442 per 100,000) and Ohio5 (441 per 100,000) had the highest rates in the region. Ohios high rate may be due to the slightly different way the state calculates its rate. From 2010 to 2011, eight of the 11 states in the region experienced a decline in their imprisonment rates. Wisconsin saw the largest decline (6.4 percent) followed by North Dakota (5.9 percent). Of the three states experiencing an increase in their imprisonment rates, Indiana saw the largest increase, growing by 2.6 percent, followed by Kansas, whose rate grew by 2.5 percent.

Regional analysis

Between 2010 and 2011, the number of sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal correctional authorities declined by 1 percent, or by 15,254 prisoners. A decline of 1.6 percent, or 21,663 prisoners, under state jurisdiction was offset by an increase of 3.4 percent, or 6,409 prisoners, under federal jurisdiction. At the end of 2011, 492 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents were incarcerated. That number was down 1.7 percent from 2010, while admissions of prisoners sentenced to more than one year in state or federal prison dropped by 5 percent over the same period. Nationally, the 2011 rate for sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents is up 4.7 percent over 2000. Before falling in 2010 and 2011, the national imprisonment rate grew an average of 0.6 percent annually between 2000 and 2009. California experienced the largest year-over-year percentage drop in its prison population per 100,000 residents in the nation10 percent or 15,188 prisonerswhile Kentuckys imprisonment rate grew the fastest of any state4.6 percent. The states with the lowest imprisonment rates include Maine (147 per 100,000), Minnesota (183 per 100,000) and Rhode Island4 (196 per 100,000). Louisiana (865 per 100,000), Mississippi (690 per 100,000) and Alabama (650 per 100,000) had the highest imprisonment rates in the country.

National analysis

RESOURCES
1 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 2 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 3 All data used throughout the report is from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2000, 2010 and 2011 reports, http://bjs. ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4559 4 Rhode Islands rate includes both jail and prison populations. 5 Includes some prisoners sentenced to 1 year or less.

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south

the couNcil of stAte GoVerNMeNts | 2013

The Book of The STaTeS 2013 facts & figures

Prison PoPulations
State and federal prison populations1 and imprisonment rates 2 have declined for two straight years, after increasing or remaining stable from 2000 to 2009. From 2010 to 2011, 26 states saw incarcerated populations increase, while 22 states experienced decreases and two remained about the same.3 In 2011, the imprisonment rate in CSGs Southern region was the highest (547 per 100,000) by a significant margin, followed by the Western region (384 per 100,000) and the Midwestern region (339 per 100,000). CSGs Eastern region had the lowest imprisonment rate in 2011 at 284 prisoners per 100,000 state residents. Imprisonment rates dropped the most in CSGs Eastern region from 2010 to 2011, falling 1.91 percent. CSGs Midwestern region, which dropped 1.24 percent, and Western region, which dropped 1.19 percent, were close behind, while rates in the Southern region fell the least at 0.3 percent. North Carolina (362 per 100,000) and Virginia (366 per 100,000) had the lowest imprisonment rates in the region for 2011, while Louisiana (865 per 100,000) and Mississippi (690 per 100,000) had the highest rates in the region. From 2010 to 2011, seven of the 15 states in the region experienced a decline in their imprisonment rates. South Carolina saw the largest decline (3.5 percent), followed by Oklahoma (2.8 percent). Of the seven states experiencing an increase in their imprisonment rates, Kentucky saw the largest increase, growing by 4.6 percent ,followed by Tennessee, whose rate grew by 3 percent. Louisianas rate remained the same.

Regional analysis

Between 2010 and 2011, the number of sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal correctional authorities declined by 1 percent, or by 15,254 prisoners. A decline of 1.6 percent, or 21,663 prisoners, under state jurisdiction was offset by an increase of 3.4 percent, or 6,409 prisoners, under federal jurisdiction. At the end of 2011, 492 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents were incarcerated. That number was down 1.7 percent from 2010, while admissions of prisoners sentenced to more than one year in state or federal prison dropped by 5 percent over the same period. Nationally, the 2011 rate for sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents is up 4.7 percent over 2000. Before falling in 2010 and 2011, the national imprisonment rate grew an average of 0.6 percent annually between 2000 and 2009. California experienced the largest year-over-year percentage drop in its prison population per 100,000 residents in the nation10 percent or 15,188 prisonerswhile Kentuckys imprisonment rate grew the fastest of any state4.6 percent. The states with the lowest imprisonment rates include Maine (147 per 100,000), Minnesota (183 per 100,000) and Rhode Island4 (196 per 100,000). Louisiana (865 per 100,000), Mississippi (690 per 100,000) and Alabama (650 per 100,000) had the highest imprisonment rates in the country.

National analysis

RESOURCES
1 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 2 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 3 All data used throughout the report is from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2000, 2010 and 2011 reports, http://bjs. ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4559 4 Rhode Islands rate includes both jail and prison populations.

for More iNforMAtioN Visit WWW.csG.orG/BooKofthestAtes

A Product of cAPitol reseArch

west

the couNcil of stAte GoVerNMeNts | 2013

The Book of The STaTeS 2013 facts & figures

Prison PoPulations
State and federal prison populations1 and imprisonment rates 2 have declined for two straight years, after increasing or remaining stable from 2000 to 2009. From 2010 to 2011, 26 states saw incarcerated populations increase, while 22 states experienced decreases and two remained about the same.3 In 2011, the imprisonment rate in CSGs Southern region was the highest (547 per 100,000) by a significant margin, followed by the Western region (384 per 100,000) and the Midwestern region (339 per 100,000). CSGs Eastern region had the lowest imprisonment rate in 2011 at 284 prisoners per 100,000 state residents. Imprisonment rates dropped the most in CSGs Eastern region from 2010 to 2011, falling 1.91 percent. CSGs Midwestern region, which dropped 1.24 percent, and Western region, which dropped 1.19 percent, were close behind, while rates in the Southern region fell the least at 0.3 percent. Utah (242 per 100,000) and Washington5 (259 per 100,000) had the lowest imprisonment rates in the region for 2011, while Arizona6 (589 per 100,000) and Idaho (486 per 100,000) had the highest rates in the region. From 2010 to 2011, eight of the 13 states in the region experienced a decline in their imprisonment rates. California saw the largest decline (10 percent) followed by Colorado7 (4.9 percent). Of the four states experiencing an increase in their imprisonment rates, Alaska8 saw the largest increase, growing by 3.6 percent, followed by Idaho, whose rate grew by 3.2 percent. Nevadas rate remained the same.

Regional analysis

Between 2010 and 2011, the number of sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal correctional authorities declined by 1 percent, or by 15,254 prisoners. A decline of 1.6 percent, or 21,663 prisoners, under state jurisdiction was offset by an increase of 3.4 percent, or 6,409 prisoners, under federal jurisdiction. At the end of 2011, 492 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents were incarcerated. That number was down 1.7 percent from 2010, while admissions of prisoners sentenced to more than one year in state or federal prison dropped by 5 percent over the same period. Nationally, the 2011 rate for sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents is up 4.7 percent over 2000. Before falling in 2010 and 2011, the national imprisonment rate grew an average of 0.6 percent annually between 2000 and 2009. California experienced the largest year-over-year percentage drop in its prison population per 100,000 residents in the nation10 percent or 15,188 prisonerswhile Kentuckys imprisonment rate grew the fastest of any state4.6 percent. The states with the lowest imprisonment rates include Maine (147 per 100,000), Minnesota (183 per 100,000) and Rhode Island4 (196 per 100,000). Louisiana (865 per 100,000), Mississippi (690 per 100,000) and Alabama (650 per 100,000) had the highest imprisonment rates in the country.

National analysis

RESOURCES
1 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 2 Number of sentenced prisoners under state and federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents. Sentenced prisoners are those that have been given a sentence of more than one year, unless stated otherwise. 3 All data used throughout the report is from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2000, 2010 and 2011 reports, http://bjs. ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4559 4 Rhode Islands rate includes both jail and prison populations. 5 Includes some prisoners sentenced to 1 year or less. 6 Prison jurisdiction population based on custody counts. 7 Includes some prisoners sentenced to 1 year or less. 8 Data include total jail and prison populations.

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SeNTeNced pRiSoNeRS uNdeR The juRiSdicTioN of STaTe oR fedeRal coRRecTioNal auThoRiTieS

Prison Population Change 2010-2011 State 2010 1,552,669 13,308 3,961 1,942 22,275 10,027 2,761 25,007 56,461 51,075 2,086 1,649 190,552 48,418 28,012 9,388 9,051 44,113 9,796 4,498 1,487 51,712 3,431 21,973 231,879 30,739 16,147 104,306 54,685 19,937 39,444 20,366 30,614 35,436 24,514 22,822 27,451 164,652 37,410 6,642 635,165 2,775 38,423 164,213 22,815 3,939 7,431 3,716 12,556 6,614 14,831 6,795 18,212 2,112 304,432 2011 1,537,415 12,549 4,003 1,952 22,252 10,316 2,614 23,834 55,262 51,390 2,065 1,598 187,835 48,427 28,890 9,057 9,327 42,904 9,800 4,511 1,423 50,964 3,530 20,559 229,392 31,271 16,037 103,055 53,955 20,952 39,709 20,585 30,829 35,102 24,024 22,233 28,479 163,552 38,130 6,803 634,716 2,901 38,370 149,025 21,978 3,910 7,739 3,678 12,639 6,855 14,459 6,877 17,808 2,183 288,422 number -15,254 -759 42 10 -23 289 -147 -1,173 -1,199 315 -21 -51 -2,717 9 878 -331 276 -1,209 4 13 -64 -748 99 -1,414 -2,487 532 -110 -1,251 -730 1,015 265 219 215 -334 -490 -589 1,028 -1,100 720 161 -449 126 -53 -15,188 -837 -29 308 -38 83 241 -372 82 -404 71 -16,010 Percent -1.0 -5.7 1.1 0.5 -0.1 2.9 -5.3 -4.7 -2.1 0.6 -1.0 -3.1 -1.4 0.0 3.1 -3.5 3.0 -2.7 0.0 0.3 -4.3 -1.4 2.9 -6.4 -1.1 1.7 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 5.1 0.7 1.1 0.7 -0.9 -2.0 -2.6 3.7 -0.7 1.9 2.4 -0.1 4.5 -0.1 -9.2 -3.7 -0.7 4.1 -1.0 0.7 3.6 -2.5 1.2 -2.2 3.4 -5.3 2010 500 372 438 146 383 202 210 284 291 401 198 263 290 377 431 307 316 447 184 245 219 448 418 385 343 641 551 550 560 457 865 685 510 369 649 490 430 646 464 358 548 386 596 438 449 288 471 374 463 319 385 243 268 373 389 2011 492 350 440 147 380 206 198 270 283 402 196 255 284 376 442 295 324 434 183 244 206 441 426 359 339 650 544 538 547 478 865 690 512 362 631 473 443 632 469 366 547 400 589 394 427 283 486 367 463 328 372 242 259 383 384 Percent Change 2010-2011 -1.7 -5.9 0.5 0.7 -0.8 2.0 -5.7 -4.9 -2.7 0.2 -1.0 -3.0 -1.9 -0.3 2.6 -3.9 2.5 -2.9 -0.5 -0.4 -5.9 -1.6 1.9 -6.8 -1.2 1.4 -1.3 -2.2 -2.3 4.6 0.0 0.7 0.4 -1.9 -2.8 -3.5 3.0 -2.2 1.1 2.2 -0.3 3.6 -1.2 -10.0 -4.9 -1.7 3.2 -1.9 0.0 2.8 -3.4 -0.4 -3.4 2.7 -1.2 imprisonment rate Per 100,000 residents

United States EAST REGION Connecticuta Delawarea,b maine maryland massachusetts new hampshire new Jersey new York Pennsylvania rhode islanda,c vermonta REGIONAL TOTAL MIDWEST REGION illinoisd indiana iowa Kansas michigan minnesota nebraska north Dakota ohioe South Dakota Wisconsin REGIONAL TOTAL SOUTH REGION alabama arkansas florida georgia Kentucky louisiana mississippi missouri north Carolina oklahoma South Carolina Tennessee Texas virginia West virginia REGIONAL TOTAL WEST REGION alaskaa arizonab California Colorado hawaiia,c idaho montana nevada new mexico oregon utah Washingtone Wyoming REGIONAL TOTAL

TABLE RESOURCES
data source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2000, 2010 and 2011 reports, http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index. cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4559 Note: Regional calculations for prisoner population are totals across states; imprisonment rates are averages across states. National totals are Bureau of Justice Statistics figures and cannot be calculated by summing across states. Prisons and jails form one integrated system. Data include total jail and prison populations. b Prison jurisdiction population based on custody counts. c Counts include dual jurisdiction cases where the inmate is currently housed in another jurisdictions facilities. d Includes some prisoners sentenced to 1 year. e Includes some prisoners sentenced to 1 year or less.
a

Jennifer Burnett, CSG Program Manager, Research Services and Special Projects | jburnett@csg.org

The CounCil of A Product of cAPitol reseArch STaTe governmenTS