2.

3. ,

4.

,
. ,
.
.
.
.

1.

Snell
n 1 = n 90
,
(1)

n = 1 90
= 1

1
1

: n =

1.
5.

& ..
25 2012

b1
2

Snell () -
(1)

n 1 = n b1

Snell () :
n 2 = n c

(3)

b1 = a2 n=1.
(2) (3) :

= n b1 b1 =

1
n

(2)

1
n

= c c = 1

2.

c = 90

.
.
.

y
/6 /12
A

A
x

, x = 0 :

x = x =
4 6
12

4
x = + x =
=
4 12
12 3
, , :
2 xK
2 x
A = 2 A
AK = 2 A

2
AK = 2 A

AK = 2 A
= 3
12
6
2
2
: A = 2 A
A = 2 A
=
3
3
:
max K =
(1)
max =
(2)
(1) (2) :
max K
A
A 3
= K =
= 3.
max L
A
A

60o

3.

60 o

1 :

= t1 t1 =
(1)

2 x, y.
:

x = 60
x =
2
t2
2
t2 =
= x t 2 =
(2)
2

(1) (2) :
2
t2
= = 2 t 2 = 2t1 .

t1

: 2


x .
.

1.

Steiner :
2

1
1

I = I cm + M = M 2 + M 2
4
2 12

I =

4M 2 M 2
=
.
12
3

: I = I + I =
I =

M 2
+ m 2
3

M 2 M 2 5M 2
+
=

3
2
6


120

W =
3 101 W = 18 J.
2

5 6 9 102
I = 45 10 2 Kg m 2 .
6

I =

: W = = F

3.

....
.

(cm)

M.g

(cm)

M.g

2.

m.g

1
I 2 = WF + W( ) + W( )
2

K K = W

0, 45 2 = 18 m g M g
2
2

1
0, 45 2 = 18 3 10 0, 3 6 10 0,15 = 0 rad/s.
2

m.g

4.

/2

W
x

W
y

W y

W
x

= max = 0.
= I = 0.
.

: = 0 Wy + Wy = F
2

F
M

+ m g
2

30 3
3
=
.
6 10
2

1
M g + m g = F
2

: = 60.

1.

(+)

F 1

Wy
W
N

F1F 2

Wx

Wy

Wx

x1

.. :
FX = 0 WX F1 F2 = 0 m1 g = k1 x1 + k2 x1 = (k1 + k2 ) x1

F
F
F

10 = 200 x1 x1 = 0,05 m .
(+) :
= F1 + F2 W X FX = k1 ( x1 x ) + k 2 ( x1 x ) mg

= (k1 + k 2 )( x1 x ) mg Fx = 200 ( x1 x ) 10

= 10 200 x 10 Fx = 200 x

:
F = D x D = (k1 + k 2 ) = 200  / m . ...

x = A (t + 0)
(. = 0)
, x1 = 0,05 m.
.. () 1 . = x1 = 0,05 m.
t = 0
x = +A

2 + 2
x = A (t + 0) +A = A 0 = 0 +1 0 =
2 +

2.

x = 0, 05 10t + (SI)
2

x = 0,05 t (SI)

: =

200
k1 + k2
=
= 25 = 5 rad/s .
m1 + m2
6+2

: D2 = m2 ( )2 = 6 25 = 150 N/m .

4.

D = m 2 .
2 : D2 = m 2 ( ) 2

3.

k = 0 0 = /2 rad.
D
k +k
60 + 140
200
=
= 1 2 =
=
= 10 rad/s = 10 rad/s.
m1
m1
2
2

( )

(+)

-A

N2 T

W2x
W2y
W2

.. :




F = ma (+) T Wx = ma
T = Wx + ma a = amax = 2 A.

T = m2 2 A + m2 g
1
T = 6 5 0, 2 + 6 10 = 30 + 30 = 60 .
2
T = 
60
2 3
=
.
60 = 30 3 =
3
 = Wy = 30 3 (  )
30 3

(+)

-A

N2 Tmax
W2x

W2y
W2

( )

.
:
Fx = 0 ( m1 + m2 ) g = ( k1 + k2 ) x

1
= ( 60 + 140 ) x 40 = 200 x x = 0, 2 m.
2
,
(
).
,
x = 0,2 m = 0,2 m.
2 :










F = D2 x T + m2 g 30 = D2 x






T = m2 g 30 D2 x .
:
T = m2 ( g ) 30 D2 x T = m2 g 30 D2 x.
x = A.
: Tmax = m2 g 30 + D2 A .

Tmax  m2 g 30 + D2 A m2 g 30

( 6 + 2 )10

1
3
60 + 150 0, 2 60

2
2
2
2 3
30 + 30 30 3
min =
.
3
3