Ngun ATX: Phn tch mch

Khi ta cm in cho b ngun ATX, in p xoay chiu s i qua mch lc nhiu loi b nhiu cao tn sau in p c chnh lu thnh p mt chiu thng qua cu i t v cc t lc ly ra in p 300V DC.
Gii thiu b ngun ATX

B ngun ATX ca My tnh

Chp chn PS_ON xung Mass th qut s quay in p 3,3V (ngun chnh) i qua cc si dy mu cam in p 5V (ngun chnh) i qua cc si dy mu in p 12V (ngun chnh) i qua cc si dy mu vng in p -5V (ngun chnh) i qua dy mu trng in p -12V (ngun chnh) i qua dy mu xanh l Cc dy mu en l mass in p 5V STB (ngun cp trc) i qua si dy mu tm Lnh m ngun PS_ON i qua dy mu xanh l cy, khi in p ch PS_ON bng 0V th ngun chnh hot ng, khi chn ny c in p khong 3 n 5V th ngun chnh tt. Chn bo s c PWR_OK i qua dy mu xm, khi ngun c s c th chn ny c in p bng 0V, khi ngun bnh thng th chn ny c in p khong 3 n 5V

B ngun ATX khi m np

V my ca ngun ATX

Kch vo linh kin xem ch thch v ngun ATX Phn tch s khi ca ngun ATX

S khi ca ngun ATX

S khi ca ngun ATX c chia lm 4 nhm chnh Mch lc nhiu v chnh lu - Mch lc nhiu - C chc nng lc b nhiu cao tn bm theo ng dy in AC 220V, khng chng lt vo trong b ngun v my tnh gy hng linh kin v gy nhiu trn mn hnh, cc nhiu ny c th l sm st, nhiu cng nghip v v - Mch chnh lu - C chc nng chnh lu in p xoay chiu thnh mt chiu, sau in p mt chiu s c cc t lc, lc thnh in p bng phng. Ngun cp trc (Stanby) - Ngun cp trc c chc nng to ra in p 5V STB (in p cp trc) cung cp cho mch khi ng trn Mainboard v cung cp 12V cho mch dao ng ca ngun chnh. - Ngun cp trc hot ng ngay khi ta cp in cho b ngun v n s hot ng sut ngy nu ta khng rt in ra khi cm. - trn Mainboard, in p 5V STB cp trc i cp trc tip cho cc IC- SIO v Chipset nam. - Trn b ngun, IC dao ng ca ngun chnh cng c cp in p thng xuyn khi ngun Stanby hot ng, nhng IC dao ng ch hot ng khi lnh P.ON c mc logic thp (=0V) Ngun chnh (Main Power) - Ngun chnh c chc nng to ra cc mc in p chnh cung cp cho Mainboard l cc in p 12V, 5V v 3,3V, cc in p ny cho dng rt ln c th p ng c ton b hot ng ca Mainboard v cc thit b ngoi vi gn trn my tnh, ngoi ra ngun chnh cn cung cp hai mc ngun m l -12V v -5V, hai in p m thng ch cung cp cho cc mch ph. Mch bo v (Protech) - Mch bo v c chc nng bo v cho ngun chnh khng b h hng khi ph ti b chp hoc bo v Mainboard khi ngun chnh c du hiu a ra in p qu cao vt ngng cho php. - Lnh P.ON thng i qua mch bo v trc khi n c a ti iu khin IC dao ng, khi c hin tng qu dng (nh lc chp ph ti) hoc qu p (do ngun a ra in p qu cao) khi mch bo v s hot ng v ngt lnh P.ON v IC dao ng s tm ngng hot ng.

Bn nhm chnh ca b ngun ATX (trong cc ng t nt)

Phn tch cc hot ng ca ngun ATX s trn: * Khi ta cm in cho b ngun ATX, in p xoay chiu s i qua mch lc nhiu loi b nhiu cao tn sau in p c chnh lu thnh p mt chiu thng qua cu i t v cc t lc ly ra in p 300V DC. - in p 300V DC u vo s cung cp cho ngun cp trc v ngun chnh, lc ny ngun chnh cha hot ng. - Ngay khi c in p 300V DC, ngun cp trc hot ng v to ra hai in p: - in p 12V cp cho IC dao ng v mch bo v ca ngun chnh. - in p 8V sau c gim p qua IC- 7805 ly ra ngun cp trc 5V STB a xung Mainboard * Khi bt cng tc PWR trn Mainboard, khi lnh P.ON t Mainboard a ln iu khin s c mc Logic thp (=0V), lnh ny chy qua mch bo v sau a n iu khin IC dao ng. - IC dao ng hot ng to ra hai xung dao ng c hai n o pha khuch i ri a qua bin p o pha sang iu khin cc n cng sut. - Cc n cng sut hot ng s iu khin dng in bin thin chy qua cun s cp ca bin p chnh, t cm ng sang bn th cp ly ra cc in p u ra. - Cc in p u ra sau bin p s c chnh lu v lc ht gn cao tn thng qua cc i t v b lc LC ri i theo dy cp 20 pin hoc 24pin xung cp ngun cho Mainboard - Mch bo v s theo di in p u ra kim sot lnh P.ON, nu in p u ra bnh thng th n s cho lnh P.ON duy tr mc thp a sang iu khin IC dao ng duy tr hot ng ca b ngun, nu in p ra c biu hin qu cao hay qu thp, mch bo v s ngt lnh P.ON (bt lnh P.ON ln mc logic cao) ngt dao ng, t bo v c cc n cng sut khng b hng, ng thi cng bo v c Mainboard trong cc trng hp ngun ra tng cao.

S chi tit ca mt b ngun ATX

S nguyn l ngun ATX Mch lc nhiu v chnh lu

Ngun cp trc - Stanby

Mch ngun chnh

Mch bo v