EquationsforProjectileMotion Motioninthexdirection

vx = v0 cos x = v0 cos t

(1.1) (1.2)

Solvingfor t intermsof x fromequation(1.2)gives Motionintheydirection

t=

x v0 cos

(1.3)

v y = v0 sin gt

(1.4)

gt 2 y = v0 cos t 2

(1.5)

Substitutingexpressionfor t inequation(1.3)into(1.4)and(1.5)givesrespectively

v y = v0 sin

gx v0 cos
2

(1.6)

v sin g x y= 0 x v0 cos 2 v0 cos g x2 = x tan (1 + tan 2 ) 2v0 2

(1.7)

Assumingahorizontalsurface,therange d foragiveninitialvelocity v0 firedatanangleof occurs when y = 0 for x > 0 .Setting y = 0 inequation(1.7)andsolvingfor x > 0 ,gives:

d=

2v0 2 tan g 1 + tan 2

2 v2 2v0 = cos sin = 0 sin ( 2 ) g g

(1.8)

Itshouldbenotedthat d ismaximumwhen sin ( 2 ) = 1 ,whichoccurswhen = 45 .Themaximum heightwiththehorizontalsurface h occurswhen v y = 0 .Thussetting(1.6)tozeroandsolvingfor x gives:

v0 2 v0 2 d x= sin cos = sin ( 2 ) = g 2g 2

(1.9)

Substitutingthisvalueof x into(1.7)gives:

v0 2 g v0 2 h= sin ( 2 ) tan ( ) sin ( 2 ) (1 + tan 2 ( ) ) 2 2g 2v0 2 g v 2 sin 2 = 0 2g

(1.10)

PROJECTILEPROBLEMSONAINCLINEDSURFACE Forprojectileswithaninitialvelocityof v0 atanangleof launchedfromthebaseonansurface inclinedatanangleof ,theequations(1.6)and(1.7)become:

vx = v0 cos v y = v0 sin gx v0 cos

(1.11) (1.12)

y = x tan

g x2 1 + tan 2 ) 2 ( 2v0

(1.13)

themaximumrangeisobtainedwhenthecondition y = x tan issatisfied.Equating y inequation (1.13)to x tan andsolvingfor x > 0 gives: with d equalto

x=

2v0 2 tan tan g 1 + tan 2

(1.14)

d=

2v0 2 tan tan x = cos g cos 1 + tan 2

(1.15)

Themaximumheightabovetheinclineoccurswhenthevelocityisparalleltotheincline,ie

vy vx

= tan

(1.16)

Substituting(1.11)and(1.12)into(1.16)andsolvingfor x gives

v 2 cos 2 x= 0 ( tan tan ) g

(1.17)

Substituting(1.17)into(1.13),andaftersimplificationgives:

v0 2 cos 2 y= 1 + 2 g cos 2

(1.18)

Theverticaldistancefromtheinclinedsurface y isobtainedby

v0 2 sec 2 ( ) sin 2 ( ) y = y x tan = 2g

(1.19)

Multiplyingthisby cos givestheperpendiculardistancebetweentheparticleandtheinclinedsurface

y = y x tan =

v0 2 sec ( ) sin 2 ( ) 2g

(1.20)