KWnXw

Xm-dm-n-b-h

1.

{in. sI.-]n. cm[m-IrjvW ]Wn-

H.F.H.S.SImq

2.

{in.hn.-n. tPm
St. sk_m-ykv H.S]ntmSv

3.

{in. M Vkp`mjv
GHS a-tcn

4.

{in.KV ]o
SCV.GVHSS ]-W
- mSv

5.

{in. PG Dn-Ir-jvW
MI HS]qmhv

6.

{in. StamlIp-am
RVSM.HSS{]bm

7.

{in.KR cmtIjv
KVS.HSSapXp-Ipfw

8.

{in. Ejn \S-cm-P

HSSI - - a w - K e w

1.kam--c-t{i-Wn-I
{]h-\w 1
I
Ipn-I t\mp-_p-n 2. sk.-ao. Bc-ap Hcp hrw hc-bvp-I. Bcw 1
sk.-an. hoXw hn-nv GI-tI-{-hr-- hcbvp-I. Cu hr--fpsS Npfhp-I-fpsS t{iWn Fgp-Xp-I. C-c-n-ep IqSp-X {]h-\- sNmw.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Ghpw sNdnb hr-ns

hr- hc-bvpI.
Ghpw sNdnb hr-ns
nv hr- hc-bvp-I.
Ghpw sNdnb hr-ns
nv hr- hc-bvp-I.
Ghpw sNdnb hr-ns
hr- h-c-bvp-I.

Bcw 2. sk.-ao. Bcw 1.5. sk.-ao. hn-nv

Bcw 2.5 sk.-ao. Bcw 1. sk.-ao. hoXw hnBcw 2.5 sk.-ao. Bcw 1.5 sk.-ao. hoXw hnBcw 3sk.-ao. Bcw 2 sk.-ao. hoXw hn-nv

Hmtcm {]h-\-nepw hr--fpsS Np-f-hp-I-fpsS t{iWn Fgp-Xp-I.

kam-c t{iWn F Bibw ChnsS N sNmw.
II
30. sk.-ao. \of-ap 9.Cun Ij-W- CXns ]IpXn \of-ap 6
Fw. CXns ]IpXn \of-ap 3 Fw. Cu aqv skpI hoXw Ipn-I-fpsS
Hmtcm {Kqp-I-fnepw hnX-cWw sNp-I. Hmtcm {Kqpw Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p Nn{Xnse t]mse- Cun Ij-W- {Iao-I-cn-p-I.

Nn{Xw 1

Nn{Xw 2

Nn{Xw 3

i.
Hm- a s Nn{X- n F{X Cun Ij- W - D- v . c- m - a s Nn{Xntem ? (\ofw IW-n-se-Sp-t--).-aq-m-as Nn{X-n-tem. Hmtcm-nepw hcp
Cun-ep-I-fpsS Fw {Ia-ambv Fgp-Xp-I. Cu {Ia-n asmcp {XntImWw IqSn
Ds-Sp-n-bm Cun-ep-I-fpsS Fw F{X-bm-Ipw.
ii.
iii.

Nn{X--fnse ka-`p-P-{Xn-tIm-W-fpsS F--fpsS t{iWn Fgp-Xp-I.

Nn{X-fnse 600 tImWp-I-fpsS F--fpsS t{iWn Fgp-Xp-I.
kam-c t{iWn F Bibw ChnsS N sNmw.

III

NphsS ]d-bp k`--fn Inp kwJym t{iWn-I FgpXn t\mp-I.

1.

hi--fpsS Fw 3,4,5 Fn-s\ XpS-cp _lp `pP--fpsS Bc tImWpIpsS XpI F{X hoX-am-Wv.

2.

100 cq] Hcp _mn \nt-]n-p-p. _mv 5% \nc-n km[m-cW ]eni

\Ip-p. Hmtcm hjm-cw-`-nepw XpI F{X hoX-am-Wv.

3.
100 en sh-ap Hcp Smn \npw an\n-n 5 en F IW-n
shw ]pd- t v Hgp- I p- p. Hcp an\np Ign- m Smnse sh- s a- { X. c- p
an\np Ign-m sh-sa-{X. aqv an\np Ign-m-tem.
4.

5s KpWn-X--sf-gp-Xp-I.
5 sIm- v lcn- m 1 injv S w hcp kwJy- I
5 sIm- v lcn- m 2 injv S w hcp kwJy- I
3 injvSw hcp kwJyI
4 injvSw hcp kwJy-I
Ch Hmtcmpw Hmtcm t{iWn-I-fmbn FgpXp-I.

5.

F kwJy-Isf {Ia-ambn aqp sIm-v lcn-m Inp kwJy-I.

6.

2,7 Fo A-fn Ah-km-\n-p XpS-bmb F kwJy-I.

Hmtcm-nepw kam-c t{iWn-I F Bibw N sNmw.

{]h\w 2
1.
NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p Hmtcm kam-c t{iWn-I-bnepw Nne kwJy-I
Fgp-Xn-bn-n-. Cu kwJy-I I-p ]nSn-p-I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

16,22,..............,................,................
..................,16,22,..............,...............
.................,..............,16,22,................
16,............,22,..............,................
.............,16,..........,22,...............
16,...........,.............,22,.............

2.

NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p ]nI ]qn-bm-p-I.

1mw ]Zw

2mw ]Zw

3mw ]Zw

4mw ]Zw

5mw ]Zw

6mw ]Zw

8
8

18
18

32

33
9

21
12

21

{]h\w 3
BZy ]Zhpw s]mXp hyXym-khpw X tijw 15-mw ]Zw ImWp-hm Bh-iy-s-Sptm BZy ]Z-ns IqsS 14 XhW s]mXp hyXymkw IqWw F-dn-bmw.
15-mw ]Zw = 1-mw ]Zw + 14 s]mXp hyXymkw (15-1 s]mXp hyXymkw)
=
2mw ]Zw + 13 s]mXp hyXymkw (15-2 s]mXp hyXymkw)
=
3-mw ]Zw + 12 s]mXp hyXymkw (15-3 s]mXp hyXymkw)
=
4mw ]Zw + 11 s]mXp hyXymkw ( 15-4 s]mXp hyXymkw)
=
5-mw ]Zw + 10 s]mXp hyXymkw ( 15-5 s]mXp hyXymkw)
=
6-mw ]Zw + 9 s]mXp hyXymkw ( 15-6 s]mXp hyXymkw)
CXn \npw Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bpsS GsXmcp ]Zhpw s]mXp hyXym-khpw Adnm B t{iWn-bpsS at-sXmcp ]Zhpw ImWm Ign-bp-sav a\-n-em-mw.

.
.
.
.
.
.

BZy ]Zw 11, s]mXp hyXymkw 7 Bb kam-c t{iWn-bpsS 12-mw ]Zw

F{X.
BZy ]Zw 9 s]mXp hyXymkw -4 Bbm 26-mw ]Zw F{X.
Hcp kam-c {iWn-bnse 12-mw ]Zw 57 Dw s]mXp hyXymkw 5 Dw Bbm
19-mw ]Zw Fm-Wv.
Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bpsS 5mw ]Zw 19-Dw 10-mw ]Zw 39 Dw BWv. CXnse 6mw
]Zw Fm-Wv. 15-mw ]Z-tam.
Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bnse 7mw ]Zw 10Dw 10-mw ]Zw 7Dw BWv. AXns
s]mXp hy-Xymkw Fm-Wv. 17-mw ]Z-tam.
s]mXp hyXymkw 1 Bb Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bnse 8mw ]Zw 12 BWv.
AXns 12-mw ]Zw Fm-Wv. 20-mw ]Z-tam.

{]h\w 4
Ah-km\ ]Z-n \nv BZy ]Zw Ipdv Inp ^es s]mXp hyXymkw sIm-v
lcnv Hv Iqn-bm ]Z--fpsS Fw Inp-a-tm.

5,8,11 ................-F kam-c t{iWn-bn 62 hsc F{X ]Z--fp--v.

..
.
.

6,11,16 ................-F t{iWn-bnse F{Xmw ]Z-amWv 91.

27,23,19 ...............-F t{iWn-bn 0 Hcp ]Z-am-tWm.
105, 84,27 .............-F t{iWn-bn F{X A[n kwJym ]Z--fp--v.

Zo]p Xs t\mp _pn 100 \pw 200\pw CSbvp 3s KpWn-X- FgpXn. tKm]p Fgp-Xn-bXv 100\pw 200\pw CSbvv 3 sIm-v lcn-m injvSw 2 hcp
]q-kw-Jy-I-fm-Wv. Fn Hmtcm-cp-cpw F{X kwJy-I hoXw Fgp-Xn.

7s KpWn-X-fmb aq kwJy-I-fpsS F-sa-{X.

{]h\w 5
Hcp t{iWn-bn ]Z--sf-gp-Xm kzoI-cn {Iaw As-n \nbaw BWv B t{iWnbpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]-n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-n-p--Xv.
6,9, 12,15 .......................F t{iWn ]cn-K-Wn-p-I.
CXnse BZy kwJy 6Dw Bhnv Iqp-Xv 3Dw BW-tm.
x 1=6
x 2=9=6+(1x 3)
x 3=12=6+(2x 3)
x 4=15=6+(3x 3)
x 5=18=6+(4x 3)
................
x n=6+(n- 1)3
Iptd-qSn Npcpn Cu t{iWnsb xn=3n+3
F _oP-K-Wn-X-hm-Iy-n-se-gp-Xmw.
Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p kam-c t{iWn-I-fpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]w Fgp-Xp-I.
1.
1,4,7,10,...............................
2.
10,14,18,22,............................
3.
30,25,20,15,..........................
4.
14,10,6,2,...............................
5.
5,10,15,20,..........................
6.
8,11,14,17,..............................
7.
18,16,14,12,.............................
8.
6,12,18,24,.........................
9.
1,4/3,5/3,2,..................................
10.
5,6.5,8,9.5,...................................
-

{]h\w 6
Ipn-Isf hnhn[ {Kqp-I-fm-p-I. Hmtcm {Kqpw 10 kam-c t{iWn hoXw FgpXn
Ah-bpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]w I-p-]n-Sn-p-I. kam-c t{iWn-Ifpw Ah-bpsS _oP-KWnX cq]hpw tNv Xmsg ]d-bp coXn-bn Hcp ]nI Xm-dm-p-I. t{iWn-IfpsS n=mw ]Z-amb _oP-K-WnX hmN-I-ns {]tXy-I-X-I Is--p-I.
Sl.
No

t{iWn

BZy ]Zw

s]mXp hyXymkw n-mw]Zw

ns
KpW-IKpW-Iw- -fpsS XpI

Ipn- I Is- - m- h p hkv X p- X - I .

n-mw ]Zw Hmw IrXn _lp ]Z-amWv AXm-bXv GXv kam-c t{iWn-tbbpw
xn = an+ bF cq]-n-se-gp-Xmw.

.
.
.

ns KpWIw t{iWn-bpsS s]mXp hyXym--k-am-Wv.

KpW-fpsS XpI t{iWn-bpsS BZy ]Z-am-Wv.

Nne t{iWn-I-fpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]w NphsS \In-bn-cn-p-p. Hmtcmpw kam-c

t{iWn BtWm Fv ]cn-tim-[n-p-I. BsW-n BZy ]Z-hpw s]mXp hyXym-khpw
I- p ]nSn- p- I .
1.
xn=7 n+5
2.
xn=4 n2-1
3.
xn=3n
4.
xn=5-6n
5.
xn=1+n2
6.
xn=n+1
3
7.
xn=n+5
n
8.
xn=1/2+n/3

{]h\w 7
Hn XpSn Hcp \nnX F kwJy hsc Iqn-bm Inp--Xv, B kwJy-bpsSbpw AXn-t\mSv Hv Iqn-b-Xn-sbpw KpW\ ^e-ns ]Ip-Xn-bm-Wv.
_oPK-WnX `mj-bn ]d-m
1+2+3+ ....+......+........+ n = n(n+1)
2
GXp kam-c t{iWn-bp-sSbpw \nnX Fw ]Z--fpsS XpI-bpsS _oP-K-WnX
cq]w n /2 (x1 + xn) BW-tm.
1.
2,4,6, .....................-F t{iWn-bpsS BZys 50 ]Z-fpsS XpI ImWp-I.
2.
BZy ]Zw 15 Dw s]mXp hyXymkw 7Dw Bb kam-c t{iWn-bpsS BZys
20 ]Z--fpsS XpI ImWp-I.
3.
BZy ]Zw 14 Dw s]mXp hyXymkw 4 Dw Bb kamc t{iWn-bpsS BZys
30 ]Z--fpsS XpI Fv.
4.

100 \pw 200 \pw CS-bvp 3s KpWn-X--fpsS XpI ImWp-I.

5.
1 apX 30 hsc-bp F kwJy-I-fpsb XpI-tb-m F{X IqSp-X-emWv 31
apX 50 hsc-bp F kwJy-I-fpsS XpI.
6.

1/2+ 1+1 1/2+ 2+ 2 1/2 +.................................+ 12 1/2

{]h\w 8
Ipn-Isf hnhn[ {Kqp-I-fm-p-I. Hmtcm {Kqpw 10 kam-c t{iWn-I FgpXn
AXns n ]Z--fpsS XpI Is-n Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p ]nI Xm-dm-p-I.
]nI \nco-nv n ]Z--fpsS XpI-bmb _oP-K-WnX hmN-I-ns {]tXy-I-X-I
Ipn- I Is- - p- I .
Sl.
No

t{iWn

BZy ]Zw

KpW-Is]mXp hyXymkw n ]Zfp n2s

sS XpI KpW-Iw- -fpsS XpI

Ipn- I Is- - m km[y- X - b p {]Xy- I - X I.

.
.
.
.

s]mXp hyXymkw ]qPy-a-m kam-c t{iWn-IfpsS n ]Z--fpsS XpIbmb _oP-K-WnX hmNIw Hcp c-mw IrXn _lp ]Z-am-Wv.
Cu _lp ]Z-n kwJy am{X-amb ]Z-an-.
n2s KpWIw s]mXp hyXym-k-ns ]Ip-Xn-bm-Wv.
KpW-I--fpsS XpI BZy ]Z-am-Wv.

Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p kam-c t{iWn-IfpsS n ]Z- fpsS XpI I- p ]nSn- p- I .

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Hmw ]Zw 6, s]mXp hyXymkw 4

Hmw ]Zw 8 s]mXp hyXymkw 2
Hmw ]Zw 11 s]mXp hyXymkw 5
9,13,17,21,...................................
23,20,17,14,...............................
5,7,9,11,..................................

IqSp-X ]T\ {]h-\

1.
13,18,23,28, ..................-F kam-c t{iWn-bn ]q-h---amb Hcp ]Zw t]mepw
C Fv A\p ]d-bpp. A\p ]d-bp-Xv icn-bm-tWm. \n-fpsS Dcw Fm-Wv.
Fp sIm-v.
2.
BZy ]Zw 1/4 Dw s]mXp hyXymkw 1/4 Dw Bb Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bn 1 Hcp
]Z-am-tWm. 2 Bbm-tem. Cu t{iWn-bpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]w Fgp-Xp-I.
3.
s]mXp hyXymkw 6 Bb Hcp kam-c t{iWn- Fgp-Xp-I. Cu t{iWn-bpsS
GsX-nepw c-v ]Z- Xn-ep hyXykw 166 BIp-tam. \n-fpsS Dcw kanp-I.
4.
F kwJy-Isf \mep sIm-v KpWnv 3 Iqn-bmWv hn\p Hcp t{iWn FgpXn-b-Xv.
a.
hn\p Fgp-Xnb t{iWn GXv.

b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Cu t{iWn Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bmtWm. ImcWw ]d-bp-I.

Cu t{iWn-bpsS _oP-K-WnX cq]w Fgp-Xp-I.
Cu t{iWnbpsS 20-mw ]Zw F{X-bm-Wv.
191 Cu t{iWn-bnse Hcp ]Z-am-tWm. 192 Bbm-tem.
Cu t{iWn-bnse BZys 20 ]Z--fpsS XpI-sb-{X.

5.
a.
b.
c.

x-2, 4x-1,3x-4 Fnh kam-c t{iWnbpsS BZys aqv ]Z--fm-bm

x s hne-sb-{X.
s]mXp hyXymkw F{X.
Cu t{iWn-bpsS nmw ]Zw Fgp-Xp-I.

6.
Htc Zni-bn k-cn-p Hcp hkvXp-hns BZy {]thKw 10 ao/ sk v
. Hmtcm sknepw hkvXp-hns {]thKw 2 ao / sk v hoXw hn-p-p.
Hmtcm skns Ah-km-\hpw hkvXp-hn-\p--m-Ip {]th-K-ns t{iWn FgpXp-I.
hkvXp-hns {]thKw 50 ao / sk v BIp-Xv Ftm-gm-Wv.
7.
BZys 100 F kwJy-I-fpsS XpI ImWp--Xn\v a\p D]-tbm-Kn coXn
CXm-Wv.
1+2+3+ ...........+100 =50 x 101 = 5050
a.a\p D]-tbm-Kn coXn hni-Z-am-p-I.
b.Cu coXn D]-tbm-Knv 7+14+21+28+ ...........+700 I-p ]nSn-p-I.
8.
Hcp XSn Untm-bn XSn ASpn hn-cn-p-Xv kam-c t{iWnbnem-Wv.
Ghpw Xmgs hcn-bn 70 XSn-I-fp--v. XpSv apI-fn-te-p Hmtcm hcn-bnepw 4
XSn- I hoXw Ipd- h m- W v . Cs\ 11 hcn- I Ds- - n BsI F{X XSn- I - f p- - v .
9.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS nmw ]Zw 7n+ 2 BWv.

Cu t{iWn-bnse ]Zsf 7 sIm-v lcn-m Inp injvSw F{X.
Cu t{iWn-bn 100 \pw 200 \pw CS-bn F{X ]Z--fp--v.
B ]Z--fpsS XpI F{X.
Cu t{iWn-bpsS (n+1)-mw ]Zw GXv.

10.
4,10,16, .....................-F kam-c t{iWnbpsS BZys 50 ]Z--fpsS XpI-tbm F{X IqSp-X-emWv 9,15,21,................ F kam-c t{iWnbpsS BZys 50 ]Z-fpsS XpI.

11.
Hcp HmUn-tm-dn-b-n-tev 25 ^m\p-I hmp--Xn\v Xocp-am-\n-p.-B-Zys
^m\n\v 1100 cq]. c-m-a-t-Xn\v 1090 cq]. aqm-a-tXv 1080 cq]m-{I-a-n 10 cq]
hoXw Ipdv \Im-sav Hm^-dp-ambn Hcp tlmsk-bnI-S-bp-Sa Fn. asmcp
ISmc Hmtcm ^m\pw 1000 cq]bvv \Im-sav Adn-bn-p.
a.
b.

BZys Hm^-dn BsI F{X cq] sImSp--Ww.

c- m - a - t - X n- t em.
BcpsS ]- \nv hmp--XmWv IqSp-X em`-I-cw.

12.
4,7,10, ................... F t{iWn-bnepw 5,9,13, ..........-F t{iWn-bnepw s]mXp-hmbp kwJy-I {Ia-ambn Fgp-Xn-bm Inp t{iWn-bpsS BZys 20 ]Z--fpsS
XpI ImWp-I.
13.
I-\n-bpsS Bh-iy-n\v Ccpv In-I sIm-v 20 ka-N-Xp-c- \nnp--Xn\v Hcp hv tjmn\v Icm \Ip-p. Hm-as ka NXp-c-ns Npfhv 8 ao Bbn-cn--Ww. XpSp- ka-N-Xp-cfpsS hi--fpsS \ofw Hmtcm
ao hoXw IqSp-X Bbn-cn--Ww.
a.
Np-f-hp-I-fpsS t{iWn Fgp-Xp-I.
b.
20#m-as NXp-c-ns Np-fhv F{X-bm-bn-cnpw
c.
20 NXp-c- \nn-m-\m-h-iy-amb In-bpsS BsI \of-sa-{X.
14.
a.
b.
c.

Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS BZys n ]Z--fpsS XpI-bpsS _oP KWnX

cq]w 3 n2+5n Bbm
BZy ]Zw GXv.
s]mXp hyXymkw F{X.
10-mw ]Zw Fm-bn-cn-pw.

15.
Nne t{iWn-I-fpsS BZys n ]Z--fpsS XpI NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p-p.
Ah-bn GsXm-s-bmWv kam-c t{iWnI.
3). 3n2+n+1
4). 2n2-3n
1).
5n2 2). 4n2-2
kam-c t{iWn-I-fpsS BZy-]-Zhpw s]mXp-hy-Xym-khpw ImWp-I.
16.
Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS 17-mw ]Zw 85 BsW-n AXns BZys 33 ]Z-fpsS XpI F{X.
17.
Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS BZys 17 ]Z--fpsS XpI 153 Bbm 9#w ]Zw
F{X.
18.
1 apX XpS-bmb F kwJy-I-fpsS XpI I-p ]nSn-p-I.bmbn-cpp
A\q-]v. Hcp L-n XpI 105 Fv Inn. Fn F{X kwJy-I-fpsS XpI-bmWv 105.

19.
Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS XpS-bmb aqv ]Z--fpsS XpI 33Dw Ah-bpsS
KpW\ ^ew 792 Dw Bbm ]Z- ImWp-I.
20.
Hcp kam-c t{iWnbpsS 2-mw ]Zhpw 6mw ]Zhpw Xn-ep Awi-_w 1:4
BWv.
a.4mw ]Zhpw 14-mw ]Zhpw Xn-ep Awi-_w F{X.
b.9#w ]Zw 50 Bbm 16-#w ]Zw F{X.

2.hr-
Bibw
Htc Nm]-nse tImWp-I Xpey-am-Wv. Hcp Nm]-ns injvS Nm]nse tImWns Afhv B Nm]-ns tI{ tImWns Af-hns ]Ip-Xn-bm-Wv.
D

{]h\w 1

1.
Nn{X-n Nm]w APB bpsS tI{ tIm.
E
2.
< AOB Af-s-gp-Xp-I.
3.
A,B Fn _np-sf C,D,E Fo
.O
_np--fpambn tbmPn-n-p-I.
4.
Ctm Innb tImWp-I FgpXp-I.
A
5.
Cu tImWp-I Af-s-gp-Xp-I.
6.
Ch-bpsS {]tXy-IX Fv.
P
7.
Cu tImWp-I-fpw < AOB bpw Xn _- a p- t - m .
8.
< AOB= 600Bbm av tImWp-I F{X hoXw Bbn-cn-pw.
C

aqey \nbw
D
Nn{X-n hr tI{w O BIp-p.
< ACB = 400 BIp-p..
< AOB, < ADBChbpsS Af-hp-I F{X.

O
A

Bibw
{]{Inb NXp`pPw adpJWvU--fnse tImWp-I A\p-]q-c-I-.
Nn{X-n \npw
1.
Nm]w ADB bpsS tI{-tIm
C
2.
< ACB = ...........
3.
Nm]w ACBbpsS tI{-tIm
O
4.
< ADB = .............
5.
< ACB +< ADB = ...........
6.
< CAB+ < CBA = ...........
A
7.
NXp`pPw ABCD bvv A\p-tbm-Py-amb t]cv.
D
Bibw

Hcp hr-nse AB,CD Fo RmWp-I Pbn JWvUn-m

PA xPB =PCxPD Bbn-cn-pw.

P
Nn{X-n MP, NQ Ch tbmPn-n-p-I.
1.
< P, <M Chbvv Xpey-amb tImWp-I
M
N
Fgp-Xp-I
O
2.
{XntImWw MOP,{XntImWw NOQ
Q
ChbpsS {]tXy-I-X -F-v.
3.
OM/PO = ...........
4.
OM x .........= OP x ...........
5.
MN hymkhpw PQ AXn\v ew_-hp-am-bm Cu _w Fns\ amdpw.

aqey \nbw
C

Nn{Xs ASn-m-\-amn ]nI ]qcn-n-p-I.

AP
4

PB

PC
2

2
6

PD
6

3
5
4

AB
7

10
2

10
11
12

CD

B
P

9
11

18
D

2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Nn{X-n \npw
< BAC bvv Xpey-amb tIm GXv.
< CBD bvv Xpey-amb tIm GXv.
A
< ACB F{X.
< ACD F{X.
BD F RmWn\v tbmPn t]cv.
NXp `pPw ABCD bpsS Fm tImWp-Ifpw ImWp-I.

3.

4.5 cm Bc-ap Hcp hrw hcv AXn Hcp ka`pP{XntImWw hc-bvp-I.

4.

13 cm\of-ap Hcp hc D]-tbm-Knv

hc-bvp-I.

5.

Nn{X-nAP= 5 cm, PB =1cm, PC F{X. PCHcp hiambn hc-bvp ka

C
NXp-c-ns ]cfhv F{X.

12, 22, 30, 40, 42 \of--fp hc-I

P B

3. c- m w IrXn ka- h m- I y-
Bibw
hn]-coX {Inb-bn-eqsS Dcw I-p ]nSn-p-I. XpSv ka-hmIyw cq]oI-cnv ]cn-lmcw ImWp-I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

4 hjw apv a\p-hns hb-ns 9 aSv 81 Bbn-cp-p. a\p-hns Ctmgs hbv F{X.
Hcp ka-N-Xp-c-ns hi--sfmw 4 sk. an. hoXw Ipd--tm AXns ]c-fhv 81 N.-sk.-an. Bbn. BZys ka-N-Xp-c-ns Hcp hi-ns \of-sa-v.
Hcp kwJy-bn \npw 4 Ipd--Xns hw 81 Bbm kwJy GXv.
Hcp kwJy-bpsS h-n-t\mSv 14 Iqn-b-tm 50 Inn.kwJy GXv.
Hcp kam-c t{iWn-bpsS s]mXp hyXymkw 1 BWv. 5mw ]Z-ns hw
100 Bbm BZy ]Zw F{X.

_oP KWnX coXn-bn ka-hmIyw cq]o-I-cnv ]cn-lmcw ImWp-I. (ka-hm-Iy-ns

CSXv `mKw ]q hw).
1.
XpS-bmb c-v H kwJy-I-fpsS KpW\ ^e-tmSv 1 Iqn-b-tm 64 Inn.
kwJy-I GXv.
2.
Hcp kwJy-bpsS h-tmSv ASp kwJy-bpsS 4 aSv Iqntm 144 Inn.
kwJy GXv.
3.
s]mXp hyXykw 6 Bb kam- c t{iWn- b psS BZys c- v ]Z- - f psS
KpW\ ^e-tmSv 9 Iqn-b-tm 121 Inn. BZy ]Zw GXv.
4.
Hcp NXp-c-ns \ofw hoXn-tb-m 8 sk.-ao. IqSp-X-em-Wv. CXns ]c-f-hnt\mSv IqSn 16 Iqn-b-tm 144 Inn-sb-n NXp-c-ns \ofhpw hoXnbpw ImWp-I.
5.
Hcp kwJybpsS 10 aS-n-sbpw kwJy-bpsS h-n-sbpw XpI-tbmSv IqSn
25 Iqn-b-tm 324 Inn Fn kwJy GXv.
6.
ka-N-Xpcm-Ir-bn-ep tXm-n\p Nppw AI-mbn 6 ao hoXn-bn \S-m-Xbp--v. \S-mX HgnsI tXm-ns ]c--fhv 289 sk.-an. BsW-n tXm-ns Hcp
hi-ns \ofw Fv.

h-n-I-hn-eqsS ]cn-lmcw ImtW- tNmZy-

1.
Hcp kwJy-bpsS h-n-sbpw B kwJy-bpsS 10 aS-n-sbpw XpI 144
Bbm kwJy GXv.
2.
s]mXp hyXymkw 8 Bb kam-c t{iWn-bpsS BZys c-p ]Z-fpsS
KpW\ ^ew 240 Bbm BZy ]Zw F{X.
3.

x2 +18 x = 144 F ka-hm-Iy-ns ]cn-lmcw ImWp-I.

ax2 + bx +c=0F ka-hm-Iy-ns ]cn-lm-c- x=-b+ b2-4ac

2a
F kq{X- h mIyw D]- t bm- K np Is- - mw.
1.
Hcp NXp-c-ns ]c--fhv 60 N.-sk.-an. CXns \ofw 3 sk. an. Ipd-bp-Ibpw
hoXn 1 sk.-an. Iqp-Ibpw sNbvXm AXv Hcp ka-N-Xp-c-am-Ipw. NXp-c-ns \ofhpw
hoXnbpw ImWp-I.
2.
Hcp a {XntIm-W-ns I-n\v ]mZ-t-m 4 sk.-an. \ofw IqSp-X-ep-v. aqm-as hi-ns \ofw ]mZ-t-m 2 sk.-an. IqSp-X-em-Wv. {XntIm-Wns aqp hi--fp-sSbpw \of- ImWp-I.
3.

XpS-bmb F{X F kwJy-IfpsS XpI-bmWv 2145.

4.
Hcp NXp-c-ns hnIw hoXn-tb-m 9 sk.-an. IqSp-X-em-Wv. \ofw hoXntb-m 7 sk.-an. IqSp-X-em-Wv. NXp-c-ns \ofhpw hoXnbpw ImWp-I.
5.
Hcp kwJy-bp-sSbpw AXns hypXv{Ia-n-sbpw XpI kwJy-bpsS 5 aS-nt\-m 3 IqSp-X-em-Wv. kwJy GXv.
6.
Hcp Im 300 In.-an. Zqcw k-cn-p. thKX 10 In.-an. hn-nncp-pshn
Hcp aWn-q t\cs Fp-am-bn-cp-p. Imdns thKX Fv.
7.
Hcp mknse Ipn-I ]c-kv]cw lkvX-Zm\w sNp-p. BsI apqdp lkvXZm-\- \S-p-sh-n mnse Ipn-IpsS Fw F{X.

8.
Hcp hr-nse AB,CD.Fo RmWp-I M. JWvUn-p-p.AB = 20 cm,
CM = 7cm, DM=12cm Bbm BM F{X.
9.
15 hjw Ign-bp-tm cmap-hns hbv Ahs ]Xn-\p hbp app
hb-ns hw BIpw. cmap-hns Ctm-gs hb-s-{X.
10.
ka-N-Xp-cm-Ir-bn-ep Hcp IS-em-ns Hcp hi-n-eqsS 4 sk.-an. hoXn-bn
Hcp NXpcw apdnp amp-p. ka NXp-c-n-sbpw tijn-p `mK-n-sbpw ]cfhp-I-fpsS XpI 160 BsW-n ka-N-Xp-c-ns hiw. CXns ]c--fhv Fv.
hnth-NIw I-v ]cn-lmcw ImWm-hp tNmZy-
1.
40 sk.-an. Np-fhpw 120 N.-sk.-an. ]c--fhpw D Hcp NXpcw \nn-p-hm
km[y- a m- t Wm. Fp- s Im- - v .
2.

BZys n F kwJy-I-fpsS XpI 250 BIp-tam. 300 Bbm-tem.

3.
Hcp kwJy-bpsSbpw AXns hypXv{I-a-n-sbpw XpI.3/2 BIp-tam. 5/2 Bbmtem.

4.

{XntIm-W-anXn

1.
kqcy F{X Un{Kn -tatImWn ImWp-tm BWv Hcp ac-ns Dbcw
AXns \ng-ens \of-ns 3 aSv Bhp--Xv.
2.
Hcp hr kvXq]n-I-bpsS Db-chpw ]mtizm--Xn-bpw \n-bn-p tIm
0
30 . Dbcw 15 sk.-an. Bbm Bchpw ]mtizm--Xnbpw ImWp-I.
3.
Hcp kmam--cn-I-ns kao] hi- 4 sk.an,6sk.an, Ah \n-bn-p
tIm 450 Bbm kmam--cn-I-ns ]c--fhv ImWp-I.
4.
Hcp ka-`p-P-{Xn-tIm-W-ns Hcp hi-ns \ofw 6 sk.an Bbm A
hr Bchpw ]cn-hr Bchpw ImWp-I. Ah Xn-ep _w Is--p-I.
5.
Hcp {XntIm-W-ns c-p hi- 6 sk.an, 7 sk.an, Ah \n-bn-p
tIm 400 Bbm ]c--fhv ImWp-I.
6.
Hcp {XntIm-W-ns c-p hi- 5 sk.an,6 sk.an, Ah \n-bn-p
tIm 1300 Bbm ]c--fhv ImWp-I.
7.
3 ao \ofap Hcp Iv `nn-bn Nmcn-h-n-cn-p-p. Iv `nn-bpsS apIfn IrXy-ambn Fp-p. Xd-bp-ambv Iv \n-bn-p tIm 400 Bbm `nnbpsS Dbcw Fv.
8.
Hcp ]pg-bpsS Ic-bn \np Ipn adp-Ic
- b
- n ]pg-tbmSp tNp \np
0
Hcp ac-ns apI `mKw 45 tatImWn ImWp-p. 20 ao ]nd-In-tev amdn
\np t\mn-b-tm 300 tatImWnepw ImWpp. Fn ]pg-bpsS hoXn Fv.
ac-ns Dbcw Fv.
9.
Hcp sImSn-acw GXm\pw ao Db-c-n- hv Imn HSnv Nph-n \nv
10 ao AIsebmbn Xd-bn sXmSp-p. Xd-bp-ambv D-mIp tIm 560 Bbm
sImSn-a-c-ns Dbcw Fv.
10.
{XntImWw PQR PR=15 cm, RQ=12cm, <P=360,< Q= 720 BbmPQ s
\ofw ImWp-I.

11.
15 ao Db-c-ap Hcp sImSn-acw Hcp sIn-S-ns apI-fn Dd-n-n-cn-p-p.
sIn-S-ns Nph-n \nv Ipd-p-amdn \np Hcm sImSn ac-ns apI
`mKw 600 tatImWnepw sIn-S-ns apI `mKw 450 tatImWnepw ImWp-p-shn Abm sIn-S-ns Nph-n \nv Fv AI-se-bmWv \np--Xv.

5.L\-cq-]
-
1.

20cm Bchpw 35cm Db-c-hp-ap hr kvXq]nI-bpsS ]mZ--c--fhv Fv.

hym]vXw Fv.( DsS)

2.

21cm Ncnhpb-chpw 40cm hymk-ap Hcp hr kvXq]nI-bpsS ]miz-apJ

]c--fhv F{X.

3.
]mZ--c--fhv 144 cm2 D Hcp hr kvXq]nI-bpsS Ncn-hp-bcw 15cm Fn
kvXq]nI-bpsS D]-cn-Xe ]c--fhv Fv.

4.

]mizapJ ]c--fhv 80 cm2 D Hcp hr kvXq]nI-bpsS Ncn-hpbcw 10cm

Fn DXn ImWp-I.

5.

18cm Bc-ap In-bmb Hcp tKmfw Dcpn AtX Bc-ap hr kvXw`w

\nn-p-p. hr kvXw`-ns DXn F{X.

6.

16cm Db-c-ap Hcp ka-N-Xpc kvXq]n-I-bpsS Hcp ]mZ hns \ofw 20cm
BWv. Inbmb Cu kvXq]nI Dcpn 16cm ]mZhp ka-N-Xpc kvXq]nI
D- m nbm AXns Dbcw Fm- b n- c n- pw.

7.

hr kvXq]n-Im-Ir-Xn-bn-ep Hcp IqSm-c-ns Dbcw 12 aodpw ]mZ Bcw 16

aodpw BWv. NXp-c{i ao-dn\v 40 cq] \nc-n IqSmcw \nn-pXns
Nne-sh-v.

8.

Hcp ka-N-Xp-c -kvXq]n-I-bpsS ]mZ ]c--fhv 100cm2 Dw DXn 12cm Dw BWv.

Fn hym]vXw IW-m-p-I.

9.

In-bmb Hcp tKmfw Dcp-n, AXns ]IpXn Bc-ap In-bmb F{X tKmf D-m-mw.

10.

4 cm Bc-ap Hcp A tKmf-ns h{I-apJ ]c--fhv F{X.

11.]nI ]qcn-n-p-I.
GXm\pw ka NXpc kvXq]nI-I-fpsS Af-hp-I Xmsg sImSp-p-p.
]mZ hv

Dbcw

24
30

18

14
12
24

36
24
15
8

Ncn-hp-bcw

]mZ
Np-fhv
4a

]mZ
]c--fhv
a2

]miz D]-cn-Xe hym]vXw

apJ
]c--fhv
]c--fhv
2al
2al+a2 1/3a2h

25
45
17
20

12. ]nI ]qcn-n-p-I.

GXm\pw hr kvXq]nII-I-fpsS Af-hp-I Xmsg sImSp-p-p.

Bcw

Dbcw

r
6

h
8

5
24
15
10

24
36

Ncn-hp-bcw

13
30
25
45

]mZ
Np-fhv

2r

]mZ
]c--fhv

r2

h{I D]-cn-Xe
apJ ]c--fhv
]c--fhv

hym]vXw

rl+ r2

1/3 r2h

rl

13.
Hcp ka-N-Xpc I-bpsS hp-I-fpsS BsI \ofw 24 cmBWv. AXn \npw
cq]-s-Sp-m-hp Ghpw henb tKmf-ns hym]vXw Fv.
14.
hp-I-sfmw Xpey-amb Hcp kaNXpc kvXq]n-I-bpsS Hcp ]mZ hns \ofw
12 BWv. AXns ]miz apJ ]c--fhv Fv. ]mZ--cfhv Fv.
15.
20.cm ]mZhpw 26cm Ncn-hpbpchp-ap Hcp ka-N-Xpc kvXq]nI \nn-m
Hcp ka-N-Xp-chpw 4 ka]miz-{Xn-tIm-W-fpw shn-sb-Sp-p-p. C-s\-bp--m-nb
ka-N-Xpc kvXq]n-I-bpsS hym]vXw ImWp-I.
16.
Hcp kaNXp-c-kvXq-]n-I-bpsS hp-I-sfmw Xpey \of-ap--h-bm-Wv. kvXq]n-IbpsS ]miz ]c--fhv 64 3 cm Bbm kvXq]n-I-bpsS ]mZ-]-c--fhv Fv.
17.
Nn{X-n ImWn-n-cn-p {]Im-c-ap 4 {XntIm-W- Hcp ka-N-Xp-c-ns
4 hi--fnepw tNp hv Hcp ka-N-Xpc kvXq]n-I-bp--m-p-p. Fn B kvXq]nI-bpsS
a]mZ-ns Hcp hiw F{X.
bNcn-hp-Xn F{X.
c]miz apJ--c--fhv F{X.

13

13
10

18..
Hcp hr-kvXq-]n-I-bpsS h{I apJ-ambn hcp hrmw-i-amWv Nn{X-n
ImWn-n-cn-p--Xv. tI{-tIm 450, hi- 24 cm,24 cm.
CXv Npcpn D-m-m-hp Ghpw henb hr kvXq]n-I-bpsS ]mZ Np-fhv Fv.

19.
Hcp A hrw- Npcp-n-bp--m-nb Ghpw henb hr kvXq]n-I-bpsS
h{I-ap-J--c--fhv 72 cm2 BWv Fn. AXns Ncn-hp-Xn Fv. ]mZ Bcw
Fv.
20

9cm.. Bc-ap Hcp tKmf-ns ]c--fhv Fv.

21

9cm. Bc-ap Hcp A tKmf-ns D]-cn-Xe ]c--fhv Fv.

22.
Hcp ]-c-ns BIrXn Hcp A tKmf-n hr kvXq]nI LSn-n
cq]-n-em-Wv. s]mXp Bcw 3cm. BsI Dbcw 7cm.. Bbm ]-c-ns D]-cn-Xe
]c--fhv Fv.

23. In-bmb Hcp Ifn-mw hr-kvXq-]n-I-bpsS ]mZ-n A-tKmfw Hn

cq]-n-emWv .s]mXphymkw 18cm.BsI Dbcw 21cm.Cu Ifnmw D-m-phm
D]-tbm-Kn hkvXp-hns hym]vXw Fv
24. _m_phpw cmPphpw 5 hoXw Bc-ap hrmwiw D]-tbm-Knv 2 hr
kvXq]n-I-I D-m-n. cmPp-hns hrmw-i-ns tI{ tIm 2160 bpw
_m_p-hns hrmw-i-ns tI{-tIm 2880 bpam-Wv. hr kvXq]n-I-I-fpsS
hym]vXw ImWp-I. Ah Xn-ep Awi-_w ImWp-I.
25.
441 N.-an. ]mZ ]c--f-hp hr kvXq]n-Im-Ir-Xn-bn \nn-n-cn-p
kkv IqSm-c-ns Dbcw 28 ao-dm-Wv. CXns tap-cbvv D]-tbm-Kn-n-cnp Iymhm-kn\v NXp-c{i ao-dn\v 200 cq]m \nc-n Fp Nne-hm-Ipw.
26.
Hcp Pe kw`-c-Wn-bpsS BIrXn hr kvXw`-ns c--pw AtKmf- LSn-n coXn-bn-em-Wv. CXns BsI \ofw 10 aodpw s]mXp hymkw 8 aodp-am-Wv. CtX hymkhpw Ccn \of-hp-ap asmcp kw`-c-Wn-bpsS D]-cn-Xe ]c-fhv sNdp-Xn-t\-m F{X IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-pw.
27.
Hcp hr kvXq]n-I-bpsS ioj-n \nv ew_-ambn ]mZ-n-te-p
t\ JWvU-amWv Nn{X-n sImSp-n-cn-p--Xv.
1.
2.
3.
4.

kvXq]n-I-bpsS Ncn-hp-bcw F{X.

Bcw F{X.
h{I-ap-J-]-c--fhv F{X.
kvXq]n-I-bpsS h{I-apJw IrXy-ambn
ad-bvm-hp Ghpw sNdnb hrmw-i-ns
tI{-tIm F{X.

12

12
12

6. kqNI kwJy-I
1.

Xmsg Xn-p _np-sf x A-n-ep-h, y A-n-ep-h Fns\ Xcw Xncn-p-I.

A(3,0), B (0,-2), C(-5,0), D(-1,0),E (0,4), F(0,3)

2.

Xmsg Xn-p _np--fn \nv yA-n\v kam--c-amb tcJ-bn-ep

2 _np- sXc-s-Sp-s-gp-Xp-I.
(2,0), (3,2), (2,-1), (-5,3), (5,3), (2,2), (4,-2), (2,7)

3.
Nn{X-n NXp-c--fpsS hi- A-v kam--c-am-Wv. NXp-c-fpsS ioj--fmb ABCD Fo _np--fpsS kqNI kwJy-I-sf-gp-Xp-I. NXpcw
A-sf kwK-an-p _np--fmWv EFGHCh-bpsS kqNI kwJy-I-sf-gp-XpI. Cu NXp-c-ns hoXn F{X.

.
.
.
.... ....
.
.
G

4.
B[m-c-_np tI{-amn 3 bqWnv Bc-ap Hcp hrw hc-bvp-I. Cu
hrw xA-sbpw , yA-sbpw JWvUn-p _np- AS-bm-f-s-Spp-I.-A-h-bpsS kqNI kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.
5.
A- hc-bvmsX (3,1) (8,5) Fo _np- FXn aqe-If
- mbn hcp
NXpcw hc-bvp-I. Cu NXp-c-ns ]cf-sh-{X.
6.
B[mc _nphpw (5,4),Dw FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw hc-bvp-I. ap
aqe-I-fpsS kqNI kwJyIsf-gp-Xp-I.(h-i- A-v kam--cw).
7.
A- hc-bvmsX (3,2), (0,2), Ch FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw
hc-bvp-I. Cu NXp-c-ns av aqe-I-fpsS kqNI kwJy-I-sf-gp-Xp-I. NXp-cns \ofhpw hoXnbpw ImWp-I.

7.km[y-XI
- f
- psS KWnXw
1.
Hcp s]n-bn 5 Idp app-Ifpw 7 shfp app-I-fp-ap--v. CXn \nv
Hsc--sa-Sp-m AXv
a.
Idp-Xv BIm-\p km[yX F{X.
b.
shfp-Xv BIm-\p km[yX F{X.
2.
p.

cmap-hn-t\mSv 20 Xmsg-bp F kwJy-I ]d-bp-hm Bh-iy-s-Sp-

a.
b.
c.

cmap GsXms ka-Jy-I ]d-bmw.

AXn A`mPy kwJy-I GsX-mw.
cmap ]d-bp kwJy A`mPy kwJy-bm-Ip--Xn-\p km[yX F{X.

3.
Hcp s]n-bn Fp shfp ]p-Ifpw 10 Idp ]p-Ifpw D-v. CXn
\npw Hcp ]s-Sp-m AXv shfp--Xm-Im-\p km[yX F{X. Hcp shfp
]v Hcp Idp ]pw Iqn-bn tijw Hsc--sa-Sp-m Ah shfp--Xm-Im\p km[yX IqSp-tam. Ipd-bp-tam.
4.
Hp apX 6 hsc kwJy-I Fgp-Xnb 2 ]In-S-I thWp Hsc kabw Fdnbp-p. kwJy-I-fpsS XpI 6 hcp-hm-\p km[yX F{X.
5.
Hcp s]n-bn 10 ] ambpw 5 ]gp ambpw D-v. asmcp s]n-bn 8
] ambpw 12 ]gp ambpw D-v. CXn GsX-nepw Hcp s]n-bn \nv
Hcp am FSp-m
a.
b.

AXv ]gp--Xm-Im-\p km[yX F{X.

AXv ]-bm-Im-\p km[yX F{X.

8.sXmSp-hc
- I
-
hrs kw_-n hnhn[ Bi-b-fpw kmam\y XXz-fpw ]cn-N-b-sp
Ign-p. sXmSp-hc F Bi-bhpw sXmSp-h-csb Bkv]Z-am-n-bp XXz-fpw
\nn-Xn-Ifpw Cu ]mT `mK-n N sNp-p.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

sXmSp-hc F Bibw cq]o-I-cn-.

hr-nse GsX-nepw _np-hn-eqsS Bc-n\p ew_-ambn hc-bvp-hc, B _np-hnse sXmSp-h-c-bm-Wv.
hr-nsGXv sXmSp-h-cbpw sXmSp _np-hn-eq-sS-bp Bc-n\v ew_am-Wv.
hr-n\v ]pd-p GXp _np-hn \npw c-p sXmSp-h-c-I hcbvmw.Cu sXmSp-h-c-I-fpsS \of- Xpey-am-Wv.
hr-nse c-p _np- tbmPn-n-p sNdnb Nm]-ns tI{tImWpw , Cu _np--fnse sXmSp-h-c-In-S-bn-ep tImWpw A\p]qcI-am-Wv.
hr-ns Hcp RmWpw AXns Hc-v IqSn-bp sXmSp-h-cbpw Xnep- Hmtcm tImWpw B RmWns adp-h-i-p hr JWvU-nse
tImWn\p Xpey-am-Wv.
A hrw F Bib cq]o-I-cWw
{XntIm-W-ns A hrw \nn-.

1.
Nn{X-n O tI{-amb hr-ns A,B Fo _np--fnse sXmSp-h-cI Pbn JWvUn-p-p.< OAB=200 Bbm NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p tNmZy-fpsS Dcw Fgp-Xp-I.
A

P ............................................................................
O
C
Q

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
xv.

< OBA = ..........

< AOB=...........
<APB = .............
< ADB = ..............
<PAB = ................
<PBA = ..............
<APO = .............
<BPO = .............
<BOP = .............
<AOP = ...........
Nm]w ACBbpsS tI{ tIm = .........Nm]w ADBbpsS tI{-tIm = ..........
PQxOQ = (...........)2
POxOQ= (.........)2
POxPQ = (........)2

2.

O tI{amb hr-ns sXmSp-h-c-bmWv PR.

PS2 =RS x SQ -Fp sXfn-bn-p-I.

R

3.

PA, PB sXmSp hc-I-fm-Wv. Xn-cn-p Af-hn Nn{Xw hc-bvp-I.

A
4cm
O

700

4.

Nn{X-nAB=AC,AC hrs Dbn sXmSp-p. ACbpsS a[y _np-hmW

D. AB= 4 xAPFv sXfn-bn-p-I.
A

5.
Hcp {XtIm-W-ns A hr-ns Bcw r Dw {XtIm-W-ns Nphns ]IpXn s Dw Bbm {XtIm-W-ns ]c--f-hv rs Fv sXfn-bn-pI.
C

P
B

6.
Hcp hr-n\v shfn-bn-ep Hcp _np-hn \np sXmSp-h-c-bpsS \ofw
Bc-ns 4/3 aS-m-Wv. Fm _mly _np-\n \nv hr-n-te-p Ghpw
Ipd Zqcw Bc-ns F{X aS-m-Wv.
7.

Nn{X-n O tI{-amb hr-ns shfn-bn-ep Hcp _np Pbn \np

hc hrs A bv sXmSp-p. AB F hc OP bvv ew_-am-Wv. OP= 15 cm
BP= 12cm, hr-ns Bcw ImWp-I.
A

8.

Nn{X-n AB=AC, CD= 10cm Dw, AB=20cmDw, Bbm APbpsS \ofw

A
ImWp-I.

P
D

9.
{XtImWw ABC bv <B= 600 , OB=OA= 4 cm,{XtImWw ABC bpsS Np-fhv
A
ImWp-I.

P
O

600
B

10.
Pbn \npw C tI{-amb hr-n-tev hc-n-cn-p sXmSp-h-c-I-fmWv
PQ,PR.]-nI ]qn-bm-p-I.
Q

Y
P

tImW-fhv

ImcWw

<PQC= ...........
<CRP=.............
<Y= ................
<QSR= ...........

................
...............
..............
...............

11.
Nn{X-n sNdnb {XntIm-W-ns aqe-I-sfmw hr-n-em-Wv. henb
{XntIm-W-ns hi--sfmw Cu _np--fn hrs sXmSp-p. henb
{XntIm-W-ns aqp tImWp-Ifpw ImWp-I.

50
80

12.

Nn{X-n AP F hc hrs B bn JWvUn-pp.AB= 7cm ,

PB= 9cm ,B-bm.

1.
2.

Pbn \nv hr-n-tev F{X sXmSp-h-c-I hc-bvmw.

sXmSp-h-c-I-fpsS \ofw ImWp-I.

13.
CjvS-ap Af-hn {XntImWw ABChc-bvp-I.AC\on hcv AXn D
AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.AB \on hcv AXn E AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I. AD,AE,BC Fo
hi-sf kv]in-p hrw hc-bvp-I.

9. _lp]-Z-
1.
x3+ 1= (x+1) (ax2+bx+c)+d Bbm a,b,c,d C h I s - n x+1F _lp
]Zw x3+ 1F _lp ]Z-ns LSIw BtWm Fp ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
2.
x GX v F kwJy-bm-bmepw x-1F _lp-]Zw xn-1F _lp-]-Z-ns
LS-I-amWv Fp sXfn-bn-p-I.
3.
2x3+3x2--5x,F _lp-]-Z-tmSv GXp kwJy IqSn-bm-emWv x+1LS-I-amb Hcp
_lp-]Zw Inp-I.
4.
I.

3x3+2x2--- 3--- x- -2 F _lp-]-Z-ns Hcp LS-I-amtWm 3x+2 Fp ]cn-tim-[n-p-

5.

x21 F _lp-]Zw x3+ 3x2 -x - 3-- - s LS-I-am-tWm.

6.
2x2-- -5x + 3 F _lp-]-Zs Hmw IrXn _lp-]-Z--fpsS KpW\ ^e-ambn
Fgp-Xp-I.
7.
x32x25x +6 F _lp-]-Zs Hmw IrXn _lp-]-Z--fpsS KpW\ ^eambn Fgp-Xp-I.
8.

x4+1 F _lp-]-Z-n\v Hmw IrXn LS-I- C Fp sXfn-bn-p-I.

9.
2x35x2+kx+6 F _lp-]-Z-ns Hcp LSIw x-2BI-W-sa-n k bpsS
hne Fm-h-Ww.

Aymbw 10
Pyman-Xnbpw _oP-KW
- n-Xhpw
{][m\ Bi-b-
1.

GXv c-p _np- Xn-cp-mepw Ah Xn tbmPn-nv Inp hc-bpsS

\ofw IW-m-mw.

2.

hc-bpsS Ncnhv F Bi-bw.

3.

hc-bpsS ka-hm-Iyw.

1.
GXv c-p _npp- Xmepw Ah Xn tbmPn-nv Inp hc-bpsS \ofw
IW-m-mw.
Cu Hcp Bi-b-n-te-s-n-t-cm kqN-I-kw-Jy-I F A[ym-b-n IIpsd Bi- b - - f n- e qsS ISp t]mtI- - X p- - v . Iq- n ss]X- t Kmdkv knm- tbpw I-p app-p. AXm-bXv kqN-Im--v A\p-kr-X-ambn _np ASbm-f-s-Sp-p tijn ]ntim-[n-p-p. XpSv Xn-cn-p 2 _np- FXn
aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw hc-bvp-p. (GI-tZi Nn{Xw) ap aqe-I-fpsS kqNI
kwJy- I Is- - p- p.- X p- S v Cu NXp- c - - f psS hi- - f psS \ofw Is- - m
{ian-p-p. x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS \ofw x kqNI kwJy-I-fpsS
hyXym-k-ns tIhe hne bmsWpw y A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS \ofw
ykqNI kwJy-I-fpsS hyXym-k-ns tIhe hnebmsWpw Xncn--dn-bp-p.
ss]X-tKmdkv knm--ns klm-b-tmSp IqSn ta kqNn-n NXp-c-fpsS
hnIW- ns \ofhpw Is- - p- p. hnIW- ns \ofw Is- - p- - X n- e qsS
GXv 2 _np- Xn-cp-mepw Ah Xn tbmPn-np Inp hc-bpsS \ofw
Is- - p {]{Inb ]q- a m- I p- p.

{]h\w 1
NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p _np- kqN-Im--sf ASn-m-\-amn AS-bm-fs-Sp-p-I.
1.
O (0,0), A (1,1), B (-1,-1), C(1,-1), D (-1,1),E (2,2), F (3,3), G(4.5,4.5),H(3,5),
I(-5,-3).
2.
(1,3), (2,3), (3,3), (0,3), (-1,3), (-2,3), - Cu _np-fpsS s]mXp {]tXy-IX
Fgp-Xp-I.
3.
(3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,0), (3,-1), (3,-2) - Cu _np-fpsS s]mXp {]tXy-IX
Fgp-Xp-I.
{]h\w 2
NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p _np- FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw hc-bvp-I.
(GI-tZi Nn{Xw). ap aqe-I-fpsS kqNI kwJy-I Is-p-I. (NXp-c-ns
hi- A-v kam--c-am-sWv kn-p-p.)
1.
(0,0), (3,4)
6.
(-7,-3), (0,0)
2.
(5,0), (0,2)
7.
(0,-7), (6,0)
3.
(3,2), (0,0)
8.
(4,5), (-2,3)
4.
(0,4), (3,0)
9.
(-5,3), (-2,-1)
5.
(0,0), (-6,5)
10. (-2,-3), (2,-1)
11. (2,5), (-3,-7)
{]h\w 3
NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p Nn{Xw \nco-nv work sheet ]qn-bm-p-I. (Nn{Xn NXpcw ABCDbpsS hi- A-v kam--c-am-Ip-p).
1.B bpsS x kqNI kwJy
-
2. Bbvv yA-n \np AIew
3.A bpsS x kqNI kwJy-- - 4. Abvv yA-n \np AIew-
5. AB bpsS \ofw = 5-2 or
6. B bpsS y kqNI kwJy
7. Bbvv xA-n \np AIew -
8. C bpsS y kqNI kwJy
9. Cbvv xA-n \np AIew
10. BCbpsS \ofw = 7-3 or
11. AD = ......... ,CD = ...........

C (5,7)

A (2,3)

{]h\w 3 (b)
13.
NXpcw ABCDbpsS hi- A-v kam-c
- a
- m-Wv. work sheet ]qnbm-p-I.
1.B bpsS x kqNI kwJy
-
2. Bbvv yA-n \np AIew
3.A bpsS x kqNI kwJy-- - 4. Abvv yA-n \np AIew-
or .......
5. AB bpsS \ofw = x1x 2
6. B bpsS y kqNI kwJy
7. Bbvv xA-n \np AIew -
8. C bpsS y kqNI kwJy
9. Cbvv xA-n \np AIew
10. BCbpsS \ofw = y1-y2 or...............
11. AD = ......... ,CD = ...........

C (x2,y2)

A (x1,y1)

{]h\w 4
{]h\w 2 kqNn-n NXp-c--fpsS hi--fpsS \ofw Is--p-I. (NXp-c-fpsS aqe-Iv thWsa-n t]cv \Imw).
{]h\w 5 (A)
NXpcw ABCD bpsS hi- A-v kam-cw BIp-p.work sheet ]qoI-cn-p-I.
D
C (7,5)
1.
B bpsS kqNI kwJy-I
2.
D bpsSkqNI kwJy-I
3.
AB bpsS \ofw = 7-3 or .........
4.
BC bpsS \ofw = ............
A (3,2)
B
AC hc-bvpI
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

AC 2 = .........+ BC 2
AC 2 = 7-3 2 + ..........
AC 2 = .........+ (5-2) 2
AC = ........+.......
AC = .........

{]h\w 5 (B)
NXpcw ABCD bpsS hi- A-v kam-cw BIp-p.work sheet ]qoI-cn-p-I.
D
C (x2,y2)
1.
B bpsS kqNI kwJy-I
2.
D bpsSkqNI kwJy-I
3.
AB bpsS \ofw = x2 - x1 or .........
4.
AB2= x1 - x2 2 = ( x1- x2)2
A (x1,y1)
B
5.
BC bpsS \ofw = y1-y2 or .........
6.
BC 2 = .............. = (y1-y2)2
7.
AC hc-bvp-I.
8.
AC2= ........+ (y1-y2)2
9.

AC = ........+........

Note. P (x1,y1), Q (x2,y2) Fn 2 _np- ]cn-K-Wn-m Ah Xn-ep AIew =

(x1-x2) 2 + (y1-y2)2
]cn-K-Wn-p 2 _np--fp-sSbpw x kqNI kwJy-I Xpey-am-bm,(x1=x2) Ah
Xn-ep AIew= (x1-x1)2+ (y1-y2)2 = y1-y2 2 = y1-y2
]cn-K-Wn-p 2 _np--fp-sSbpw y kqNI kwJy-I Xpey-ambm(y1=y2),-AIew
=
x1-x2 2 = x1-x2
= (x1-x2) 2 + (y1-y1) 2
aqey \nbw 1
I. 1. 5 cm Bc-ap, hr tI{w B[mc _np-hpamb hrw hc-bvp-I.
2. A (4,3), B(3,4) C (-3,4) D (-4,3) E (-4,-3) F (-3,-4) G (3,-4),H (4,-3),Fo _np-
hr- n Is- - p- I .
3.
NXpcw ADEH hc-bvp-I. hi--fpsS Af-hp-I Afp t\mmsX I-p
]nSnp-I.
4.
NXpcw BCFG hc-bvp-I. hi-fpsS Af-hp-I ImWp-I.
5.
NXp`pPw ACEG hc-bvp-I. hi--fpsS Af-hp-I ImWp-I. CXn\v A\ptbm-Py-amb t]cv Fgp-Xp-I.
6.
NXp`pPw CDFG bpsS hi--fpsS Af-hp-I Fgp-Xp-I.

2.

{XtImWw OPQ hn O (0,0), P (0,6), Q (3,4) BWv.

A- hc--tijw {XtIm-W-ns GI-tZi Nn{Xw hc-bvp-I. {XntImWns Np-fhv ImWp-I.
(Score-4)

3.
A (2,3), B(2,5), C (6,5), D (6,10), E (8,3), F (8,11) Fn _np- ]cn-K-Wn-pI. AB,CD,EF, Fo \of- ImWp-I. Cu \of- kam-c t{iWn-bn-em-sWv
kan-p-I.
(Score-3)
4.
(3,3), (3,11) Fo _np--fn \npw Xpey AI-e-n y A-nse Hcp
_np-hm-Wv P. PbpsS y kqNI kwJy b Bbm
1.
2.

P sb kqNn-n-p kwJym tPmSn Fv.

b bpsS hne-sb-{X.

2.hc-bpsS Ncnhv F Bibw

hc-bpsS Ncnhv F Bi-b-n-tev 2 L--fn-eq-sS-bmWv Fn-t-cp--Xv. A-sfm-n\pw kam--c-a-mv hc-bn-tebpw 2 _np--fpsS {]tXy-IX At\z-jn-psIm- v XpS- p- p.- X p- S v y A-n\v kam--c-a-m GXv hc-bn-tebpw c-v
_np--fpsS y kqNI kwJy-IfpsS hyXym-ks xkqNI kwJy-IfpsS hyXymkw
sIm-v lcn-m Htc kwJy Xs Inp-p F-Xn Fn tNcp-p. Cu kwJysb
Xs Pyman-Xob coXo-bn ImWm {ian-p-p.
HSp-hn \ Fn-tN-cp-p: y A-n\p kam--c-a-m Hcp hc-bnse 2 _np-fpsS y hyXym-ks x hyXymkw sIm- v lcn- m Inp kwJy, B hc
xA- h p- a mbn D- m - p tImWns tan Af-hm-Wv. Cu tIm amdp--Xn-\-\p-k-cnmWv kwJybpw amdp--Xv. Cu kwJysb hc-bpsS Ncnhv (slope)Fp ]d-bp-p.
{]h\w 1
1.

(0,3 )F _np-hn-eqsS x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc hc-bvp-I. Cu hcbnse 5 _np--fpsS kq-NI kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.

(2,0) F _np-hn-eqsS y A-n\v kam--c-amb hc hc-bvp-I. Cu hcbnse 5 _np--fpsS kqNI kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.
3.
x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS {]tXy-IX Fv.
4.
y A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS _np--fpsS kqNI kwJy-IfpsS
{]tXy-I-X.
5.
x A-n\pw y A-n\pw kam--c-a-m hc-I-fpsS {]Xy-IX Fv.(C-Xns Dcw ]noSv Is--n-bm aXn-bm-Ipw.!)
2.

{]h\w 2
1.
2.
3.
s.
4.

AB=3cm,BC=4 cm, AC=5 cm BIp-p. {XntImWw ABC hc-bvp-I.

PQ = 6 cm, <Q=900, QR=8 cm Bb {XntImWw PQR -hcbvp-I.
< P,<Q,<R Fn-hbvv Xpey-amb tImWp-I {XntImWw ABC bnGsXm-

AB , BC, AC Ch-bpsS Af-hp-I ImWp-I.

PQ QR PR
5.
{XntImWw ABC, {XntImWw PQR Ch-bpsS Xpey-tIm-Wp-Is-Xn-sc-bp
hi- B\p-]m-Xn-I-amtWm Fp ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
{]h\w 3 (A)
Worksheet ]qo-I-cn-p-I. Nn{Xw 1
1.
A (2,3), B(6,4) Fo _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I. (A- hc-bvm-sX).
2.
A,B Ch tbmPn-nv \on hc-bvp-I.
3.
AB F hc-bn B bvv apI-fn-embn P (x1,y1),Q (x2,y2 Fo _np- AS-bmfsSpp-I. (P, Q Ch AB bn Fhn-sS-th-W-sa-nepw BImw).
4.
A,B Ch FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw ACBD hc-bvp-I.
5.
P,Q FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw hc-bvp-I. (NXp-c
- f
- psS hi- Av kam--c-am-Ip-p.
6.
C,R -Ch-bpsS kqNI kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.
7.
-{XntImWw ACB,-{XntImWw PRQ Ch-bpsS Xpey-amb tImWp-I Fgp-Xp-I.
8.
QR = PR (Imc-Ww)
BC AC
9.
y2-y1 = .....
......... 6-2
10. y2-y1 = ......
.......
x2-x1
B.

Nn{Xw 2, Nn{Xw 3 Chsb ASn-m-\-amn Worksheet ]qo-Icn-p-I.

Q

Nn{Xw 1

Nn{Xw 2

P
R

A
C

Nn{Xw 3
Q
A

A
C

P
R

P
R

P,Q Fo _np- AB F GXv 2 _np- fpw BIm- a - t m. AXp- s Im- p

Xs AB F hc-bnse GXp c-p _np--sf-Sp-mepw y kqNI kwJy-IfpsS
hyXym-ks x kqNI kwJy-bpsS hyXymkw sIm-v lcn-p-tm 1/4 Inpp.
{]h\w 3 (C)
(1,2), (5,3); (6,2), (3,4) Fo kqNI kwJym tPmSn-I D]-tbm-Knv Work sheet
(A) ]qo-I-cn-p-I.
t{ImUo-I-cWw
yA-n\v kam--c-a-m GXp hc-bn-sebpw 2 _np--fpsS y kqNI kwJyI-fpsS hyXym-ks x kqNI kwJy- I - f psS hyXymkw sIm- v lcn- m Htc
kwJy Xs Inp-p.
Q. A. (3,1), B (2,-!), Fo _np- Ds-Sp hc hc-bvp-I.
P (x1,y1), Q (x2, y2) -F-nh Cu hc-bnse 2 _np--fmsW-n-cn-s .
Fn y2-y1 s hne F{X.
x2-x1
P (x1,y1), Q (x2,y2), Fo _np-- AB F hc-bnse GXv 2 _np--fpw BIma- t m. AXp- s Im- v P (x1,y1) = A (3,1), Q (x2,y2) = B (2,-1).
Bb-Xn-\m y2-y1 =
x2- x1

-1-1 = 2
2-3

{]h\w 4
1.
A (2,3) B (6,4) Fo _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.
2.
A,B Ch tbmPn-n-p-I.
3.
AB F hc \on x As JWvUn-p tIm t Fs-gp-Xp-I.
4.
Cu hc-bnP (x1,y1), Q (x2,y2) Fo _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.( P,Q
Ch-bpsS m\w A bvv Xmsg-bm-bn-tm-s).
5.
P,Q Ch FXn aqe-I-fmbn hcp NXpcw PRQS Dw, A,B Ch FXn aqe-Ifmbn hcp NXpcw ACBDbpw hc-bvp-I.

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

PR, RQ,AC,CB Fn-h-bpsS \ofw ImWp-I.

QR = PR (Why)
BC AC
QR = ......
PR .....
y hyXymkw = 1
y2-y1 = ........
.........
4
x hyXymkw
4
AB F hc x As JWvUn-p tIm t Fv kn-p-h-tm.
Fn < P = ......., < Q = .........
{XntImWw PQR ]cn-K-Wn-m tan t = ..........
B
{XntImWw ACB ]cn-K-Wn-m tan t = ..........
A

y hyXymkw = ........... , tan t = ..........

xhyXymkw

Q
P
t

y hyXymkw = tan t
xhyXymkw

t{ImUo-I-cWw
y A-n\v kam--c-a-m Hcp hc-bnse 2 _np--fpsS y hyXym-ks x
hyXymkw sIm-v lcn-m Inp kwJy, B hc x A-- h p- a mbn D- m - p
tImWns tan Af-hm-p-p. Cu kwJysb hc-bpsS Ncnhv (slope) Fp ]d-bpp.
Strictly refer side box page number 184- Maths text book Std. X
{]h\w 5 (A)
1.
A (0,3) F _np-hn IqSn ISp t]mIp-Xpw x A-n\v kam--c-hpamb hc hc-bvp-I.
2.
P (2,3), Q (4,3), R (-1,3) Fo _np- Cu hc- b n Is- - p- I .
3.
P,Q Fo _np- ]cn-K-Wn-p-sIm-v Cu hc-bpsS Ncnhv ImWp-I. (Q,R;
P,R Fo kwJym tPmSn-Ifpw ]cn-K-Wn-p-I).
4.

y hyXymkw = ..........
xhyXymkw

5.

Cu hc x A- h p- a mbn D- m - I p tImWns Afhv 00BWtm Fn

tan 0 0 = .........
yhyXymkw = 0 = tan 0 0
xhyXymkw

B. 1. x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fnse _np--fpsS s]mXp kz`mhw Fv.

2.
x A-n\v kam--c-ambn Hcp hc hcv AXn A (x1,y), B (x2,y)Fo
_np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.
3.

yhyXymkw = .............
xhyXymkw

4.

Cu hc x A- h p- a mbn D- m - I p tImWns Afhv 00 BW-tm.

tan 0 0 = ........
yhyXymkw = 0 = tan 0 0
xhyXymkw

x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS Ncnhv 0 BIp-p.

{]h\w 6
1.
y A-n\v kam-c
- a
- mb hc-bnse _np-f
- psS kqNIkwJy-If
- psS {]tXyI-X.
2.
yA-n\v kam--c-ambn Hcp hc hcv B hc-bn A (x,y1), B (x,y2)Fo
_np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.
3.
yhyXymkw = ...........
xhyXymkw
4.
Cu hc x A- h p- a mbn D- m - I p tIm F{X. tan 900 = ...........
yA-n\v kam--c-amb hc-Iv Ncnhv C!

aqey \nbw 2 (a)

aqey \nbw 2 (a) sNp- - X n _pn- a p- p- s - n aqey- \ nbw 2 (b)BZyw
t\mm-hp--Xm-Wv.
1.
Hcp hc hc-bvp-I. CXnse 2 _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I. hc-bpsS Ncnhv
ImWp-I.
2.
hc-bpsS Ncnhv \yq\ kwJy-bm-Ip-tam. ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
3.
hc-bpsS Ncnhv ]qPyw BIp-tam.
4.
Fm hcbvpw Ncnhv ]d-bm Ign-bp-tam.
5.
Ncnhv \yq\ kwJy-bmbn hcp 5 hc-I hc-bvp-I.
6.
Ncnhv A[n-kw-Jy-bmbn hcp 5 hc-I hc-bvp-I.
7.
Ncnhv \yq\ kwJy-bmbn hcp Hcp hcbpw AXnse 2 _np-fpw ]cn-K-Wnp-I. Cu hc-bpsS Ncnhpw hc x A- h p- a mbn D- m - I p tImWns tan Afhpw
Xpey-amtWm Fv ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
8.
2 _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I. Cu _np- Xn tbmPn-n-p hc
Hp-In
1.
2.
3.

xA-n\v kam--c-amIpp.
yA-n\v kam--c-am-Ip-p.
x A-n\pw y A-n\pw kam--c-a-.

hc x An\v kam--c-am-sW-n AXv yAs JWvUn-p _nphns kqNI kwJy-I ImWp-I.

hc, y A-n\v kam-c-am-sW-n AXv xAs JWvUn-p _np-hns
kqNI kwJy-I ImWp-I.
hc, Asm-n\pw kam--c-a-s-n AXv kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw 2 A-sfbpw JWvUn-p-p. Cu _np--fpsS kqNI kwJy-I ImWp-I.
9.
2 _np- Xn-cn-p-p. Ch tbmPn-np Inp hc-bpsS AtX Ncn-hp
asmcp hc hc-bvp-I. BZys hc-bpsS Ncnhv Xs hcp F{X hc-I Is-mw.
10.

Xn-cn-p 3 _np- Htc hc-bn-emtWm Atbm Fp ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.

(_o-P-K-WnXw Ncn-hv)

aqey \n-bw. 2.
1.
NphsS sImSp-n-cn-p kwJym-tPm-Sn-I _np-f
- mbn hcp hc-bpsS Ncnhp
IW-m-p-I. A- hc-bvp-I.
i.
ii.
iii.

a)
b)
a)
b)
a)
b)

..
..
..

(2,3), (5,7)
(3,2), (7,5)
(1,3), (5,2)
(3,1), (2,5)
(2,5), (3,5)
(3,-4), (-5,-4)
hc-bpsS Ncnhv \yq\ kwJy-bm-mw.
hc-bpsS Ncnhv ]qPyw BImw.
Fm hc-Ipw Ncnhv C.
y A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-Iv Ncnhv C.
x A-n\v kam--c-amb hc-I-fpsS Ncnhv ]qPyw-B-Ip-p.
x kqNI kwJy IqSp-tm y kqNI kwJy Ipd-bp--Xn-\m Ncnhv
\yq\ kwJy-bmbn amdp-p.

2.
Ncnhv 2/3 Bb Hcp hc (4,5) F _np-hn-eqsS ISp t]mIp-p. Cu hc (8,9)
F _np-hn-eqsS ISp t]mIp-tam. Cu hc x A-hp-ambn Iqn app _nphns kwJym tPmSn Fgp-Xp-I.
3.
(2,5), (3,5) Fo _np--fneqsS ISp t]mIp hc-bpsS Ncnhv F{X. Cu
hcbvv kam--c-am-bXpw (4,6) F _np-hn-eqsS ISp t]mhp--Xp-amb Hcp hcbnse asmcp _np-hns kqN-I-kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.
4.
1.
2.
3.

AB F hc- b nse c- p _np- - f m- W v . A(0,2), B(2,4)Fn

AB F hc-bpsS Ncnhv F{X.
Cu hc-bnse asmcp _np-hns kqNI kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I.
Cu hc-bnse GsXmcp _np-hn-sbpw ykqNI kwJy.
xkqNI kwJy-tb-m 2 IqSp-X-em-bn-cnpw Fv kan-p-I.

5.
AB Hcp hr-ns hymk-am-Wv. A bneqsS ISp t]mIp sXmSp-h-c-bnse
c- p _np- - f mWv (4,5) Dw (12,10) Dw. BbneqsS ISp t]mIp sXmSp-h-c-bnse Hcp
_np-hmWv (8,5) Fn Cu sXmSp-h-c-bnse asmcp _np ImWp-I.

3.hc-bpsS ka-hm-Iyw
{]h\w 1
A1.
2.
3.

B.1.
2.
3.

x A-n\v kam--c-ambn (0,3) F _np-hn-eqsS Hcp hc hc-bvp-I.

(-2,3), (1,3), (1,3), (2,3), (3,3), Fo _np- Cu hc-bn AS-bm-f-s-Spp-I.
Cu hc-bnse Fm _np--sfbpw ykqNI kwJy 3 Xs-bm-tWm. (Cu
hc-bnse Fm _np--fp-sSbpw y kqNI kwJy 3 Xs-bm-Ip-p. AXmbXv y=3 FXv Cu hc-bnse Fm _np-pw _m[-I-amb Hcp
hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. y=3 FXv Cu hc-bpsS ka-hmIyw BIp-p.
x A-n\v kam--c-ambn (0,b)F _np-hn-eqsS Hcp hc hc-bvp-I.
Cu hc-bnse Ap _np- AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.
Cu hc-bnse Fm _np--fp-sSbpw ykqNI kwJy Xpem--am-tWm.
Cu hc-bnse Fm _np-c-fp-sSbpw ykqNI kwJy b BIpp. AXmbXv y=b FXv Cu hc-bnse Fm _np-pw _m[-I-amb Hcp \nba-am-Wv. y=b FXv Cu hc-bpsS ka-hmIyw BIp-p.

{]h\w 2
1.
2.

y A-n\v kam--c-ambn (4,0) F _np-hn-eqsS Hcp hc hc-bvp-I.

(4,2), (4,1), (4,3), (4,4) Fo _np- Cu hc-bn AS-bm-f-s-Sp-p-I.
(Cu hc-bnse Fm _np--fp-sSbpw x kqNI kwJy 4 BIp-p. x=4
FXv Cu hc-bpsS ka-hmIyw BIp-p.

{]h\w 3
(3,1), (5,2), Fo _np- tbmPn-n-p hc ]cn-K-Wn-p-I. Cu hc-bnse
GXp _np-hn-sbpw kqNI kwJy-Iv _m[-I-amb Hcp ka-hmIyw Is-p-I.

P (3,1), Q(5,2), PQ F hc-bpsS Ncn-hv.

=
2-1 =
1
= y2-y1
5-3
2
x2-x1

Cu hc-bnse Hcp _np (x,y) Fn-cn--s.

=
y-2 =
AXp- s Im- v Ncnhv = y2-y1
x-5
x2-x1

1
2

x-5 = 2(y-2)
x-2y -

1=0

AXm-bXv Cu hc-bnse GsXmcp _np (x,y)FSp-mepw x-2y - 1=0F \nbaw

A\p-k-cn-p-p.
(adnv Nnn-m-tem).
(3,1), (5,2) Fo _np- Xn tbmPn-n-p-tm e`np hc ]cn-K-Wn-pp. x-2y - 1=0 F ka-hmIyw A\p-k-cn-p Hcp tPmSn kwJy-I (x,y) D s - n-cn--s. Fn (x,y) F _np Cu hc-bn BtWm.
(hc Xn- p- - v . x-2y - 1=0 F ka-hmIyw A\p-k-cn-p Hcp _nphpw Xn-p-v. Cu _np hc-bn Xs-bmtWm Fp ]cn-tim-[n-Ww.

y2-y1= y-1 = y-1

x2-x1 x-3 2y+1-3

x-2y-1=0
x=2y+1

= y-1 = 1
2y-2 2

AXm-bXv (x,y), (3,1) Fo _np- tbmPn-n-p hcbpw (3,1), (5,2) Fo

_np- tbmPn-n-p hcbvpw Htc Ncn-hm-Wv. IqSmsX Ah c-pw (3,1)
F _np-hn-eqsS ISp t]mIp-p.

Cu c- p _np- fpw Htc hc- b n Xs

(x,y) F _np \psS hc-bn Xs-bm-Wv.
(3,1), (5,2) Fo _np- tbmPn-n-p hc-bpsS ka-hmIyw x-2y-1=0

aqey \nbw 3
1.
3x-6y+10=0 F hc-bnse GsX-nepw 2 _np--fpsS kqNI kwJy-I
ImWp-I. Cu hc-bpsS Ncnhv IW-m-p-I.
2.
(2,5), (3,7) Fo _np- tbmPn-n-p hc-bpsS Ncnhv F{X. Cu hcbpsS ka-hmIyw Fgp-Xp-I. (x,y)F _np Cu hc-bn-em-sW-n (x+1,y+2) F
_nphpw Cu hc-bn Xs-bmWv kan-p-I.

11.nXn-hn-h-c--Wv
1.
Hcp mnse 35 Ipn-I-fpsS Db-c-fpw Fhpw ]n-I-bmbn Xn-cn-p-p.
Ipn-I-fpsS Db-c--fpsS am[yw ImWp-I.

2.

Dbcw

Ipn-I-fpsS
Fw

130
135
140
145
150
BsI

2
7
15
8
3
35

Hcp mn \S-nb sSv t]-dn\v 40 Ipn-Iv Innb amp-I ]nI-s-Sp-nbn-cn-pp. am[yamv ImWp-I.
amv

10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
5060
6070
7080

Ipn-I-fpsS
Fw
3
5
8
12
6
4
2

3.
5 Ipn-I-fpsS `mc- Kg bn Xn-cn-p-p. 40,45,42,47,41. ]pXn-b-Xmbn Hcp
Ipn IqSn hv tN-tm `mc-am[yw 45 Kg Bbn Fn 5 Ipn-I-fpsS `c-am[yw
F{X.6m as Ipn-bpsS `mcw F{X.
4.
Hcp tImf-\n-bnse 20 IpSpw-_--fnse {]Xn-amk, hcp-am\w ]n-I-bmbn Xncn-p-p. a[ya hcp-am\w ImWp-I.
hcp-am\w
cq]-bn

IpSpw-_--fpsS
Fw

3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
BsI

2
5
7
4
2
20

5.
40 Ipn-I-fp Hcp mn\-S-nb sSv t]-dn\v Innb amp-I ]nI-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-p. B mnse Ipn-Iv Innb a[ya amv ImWp-I.
amv

Ipn-I-fpsS
Fw

010
1020
2030
3040
4050
BsI

3
10
15
8
4
40