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Posisi Terakhir : Drive Test dan IBS Engineer Spesialis : In Building Solution, Drive Test Pengalaman Kerja : - 2002-2006 : Drive test engineer untuk Indosat, Telkomsel - 2005-2006 : IBS Engineer untuk Telkomsel, site audit
INTRODUCTION whats TEMS TEMS as DRIVE TEST TOOLS drive testing highlight mode of drive test scan TEMS to see how the network runs the use what to see what to measure cases guidelines
Introduction WHATS TEMS TEMS = Test Mobile System Product by ERICSSON Solution Tools for Wireless Network to Plan, optimized, and expand their systems. A Test tool use to read and control information sent over the air Interface between the base station and the mobile station in GSM /cellular system. It can also used for radio coverage measurement
TEMS INVESTIGATION
Software
Handset
Introduction WHATS TEMS TEMS Investigation version: TEMS Classic/98 TEMS 2 TEMS 3 TEMS 4 TEMS 5 TEMS 6 TEMS 7 : SH888; post process with 3rd-party-s/w : R230; post process with 3rd-party-s/w : R520; post process with 3rd-party-s/w : T68; export from TEMS : T610; export from TEMS : various handset; data collection & route analysis : various handset; data collection & route analysis
As Drive Test Tools DRIVE TESTING HIGHLIGHTS Drive Test = Testing the network in particular area to give the real picture of the networks performance on the field, with a certain tools.
Drive Test
Planning Implementation
Michael pipikakis Evaluating and Improving The Quality of Service of Second Generation Cellular System September,2004
Optimization
Drive test
TEMS
TEMS Handset
Laptop
Notes : -power supply needed, usually using inverter in the car from laptop, GPS and MS -GPS should use external antenna -MS can use external antenna or not use external antenna. (Use external antenna means measure RxLevel Pedestrian / Street Level) (Not use external antenna means measure RxLevel In car level) -> more realistic result If using scenario not external antenna, MS position should be carefully chosen and stable during drive test
As Drive Test Tools MODE OF DRIVE TEST 1. Dedicated / Continuous / Long Call Mode
Making continuous call along drive test activity. Before starting the route, call the drive test number, ex. 199 for Telkomsel, And only stop the call when the route (drive test) finish. To see the quality and coverage of the network
As Drive Test Tools MODE OF DRIVE TEST 3. Sequential / Qos / Short Call Mode
Creating the sequence of call along the drive test activity Before starting the route create call sequence, for example: Create call for 70 s and idle for 10 s. Along the drive test, play this sequence until the route is finished
Application of frequency plan to find the best frequency to be use in the site to identify interference adjacent channel and co channel
Clean Frequency
Before swap (change operator network), drive testing needed to compare the current network with the network after swap. To justify the new network is better than before.
Drive test the whole area for the whole active networks, before our network implemented. So when our network implemented, can be competed well.
etc
Conducting tests call at a new On-Air site, to justify the performance of a site just after On-Air.
After implement new TRX or expand TRX, a drive test performed to justify that site working well with the new TRX.
After implement SFH/hopping in the network, a drive test performed to justify that this hopping solution working well with the whole network.
etc
Drive test conducted after theres changing in neighbours database. Make sure the add really added and the delete really deleted.
Downtilt conducting, to get better coverage from each antenna. Drive test performed to make sure the better coverage from each angle changed.
Performing drive test activity to maintain the whole network. Could be an annual work.
performing drive test to get justification about our network. Can compete or not. With comparing the whole network including 'us in drive test.
Drive test for special troubleshooting case. Such as, a site that cannot handover from sites surround it, a site that cannot transmit good signal and cannot achieve its coverage.
etc,
How TEMS works? Several measurement is only available and recorded in idle mode (C1,C2 etc) Several measurement is only available and recorded in dedicated mode (RxQual, SQI, FER etc) This is happen because of GSM system network works, not because setting in TEMS There are several option/feature can be activated by user (force handover, lock handover etc) which change TEMS measurement behavior IMPORTANT NOTICE : In GSM network there are a lot of parameters which change the network behavior, it is make the network very flexible. Due to this reason, TEMS has ability to monitor network with parameters on (FULL mode) and with parameters off (SUB mode) for such as RxLev and RxQual.
When using FULL measurement result? Whenever we want to see BTS parameters settings works at live network DTX off When using SUB measurement result ? Whenever we want to see BTS works without parameters DTX on How TEMS measure FULL or SUB measurement? TEMS record both SUB and FULL measurement at the same time and at the same log files, it is just need to set what we wan to see in replay mode.
FULL
2. RxQual Received signal quality level, measured base on BER (bit error rate). The value is between 0-7, the lower the better.
Better
3. SQI The parameter used by TEMS to measure Speech Quality. SQI has been designed to cover all factors that RxQual lack to measure. SQI computation considers the factors: the bit error rate (BER) the frame erasure rate (FER) data on handover events statistics on the distribution of these parameters
Better
BCCH-BSIC BCCH Hopping C/I TA C1 C2 SFH Interference Time Advance Path loss criterion parameter Cell reselection criterion parameter in hierarchical cell structure
4. Others FER Frame erasure rate; See on Radio Parameter windows ARFCN BCCH-BSIC Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number of Broadcast Control Channel. . BCCH Base Station Identity Code Important data of a site Hopping Indicating if SFH implemented. See on Current Channel windows, on hopping channel, hopping frequencies, MAIO, HSN C/I The carrier-over-interference ratio is the ratio between the signal strength of the current serving cell and the signal strength of undesired (interfering) signal components. The C/I measurement function built into TEMS Investigation enables the identification of frequencies that are exposed to particularly high levels of interference, something which comes in useful in the verification and optimization of frequency plans. TA Timing Advance. Valid only in dedicated mode. ; To measure the distance of MS from serving cell. Valid only in dedicated mode. See on Radio Parameter windows. C1 C2 criteria used for cell selection and cell reselection criteria used for cell reselection
sect2 sect1
Guidelines
Drive Test Types 1. Drive Test Continuous Route Drive Test is walk/ drive along the route non stop
2.
Hot Spots Measurement Drive Test only at certain spot (usually critical point), TEMS standing still, no movement for 1-5 minutes but still recording. Usually for scanning frequency or to investigate more detailed network behaviour
Guidelines
Drive Test Guideline 1. 2. 3. Preparation Dont go to the field without a good preparation. Prepare the tools completeness, maps, cars, scenarios, sites data, knowing area we are heading to. Check Tools Beside checking the tools completeness. Also check each tools if its working well, such as the GPS, inverter, handset, including SIM card. Some Rules - Avoid to have the same route twice, or go on the same road twice. - Beware of certain area, such as restricted area, one way street, traffic jam streets. - Create simple/effective way of scenarios, where to start until finishing the route. - Good cooperation with driver. - Make sure the roads on the route, can represent the whole network as samples. Pay Attention Even if were only collecting data, we must focus on our activity. Avoid the things that can make us re-drive test , such as, data cable unplugged from its MS, forget to turn-off the GPRS mode when we dont need GPRS to measure, run out GPS batteries, forget to record, forget the purpose of the drive test, assure the data collected is right, pay attention of car speed, create notes for special events, etc. Reporting and Analysis TEMS can divided as two, data collection and analysis. After drive test on the field, we must provide data to be analyze and reported. Make sure we can create a good report and analyze well, by performing all of the points above.
4.
5.
Guidelines
Reporting Guidelines 1. Drive test report basically can be divided as two: Plot and Statistic.
BCCH: logfile
1 2 3
Statistics
Plot
2.
Before we can create the report, make sure we have the right standard for each value reported. Such as how many ranges the treshold of RxLevel, and RxQual. The color ranges of SQI and FER, etc.
3.
Export the right data for Plotting. To create Plot report, for example we need the logfile to be mapinfo files. Make sure we have TEMS 4 above, that can directly export the logfile into mapinfo file. Or, if we have TEMS 3 below, make sure we have third-party software that can create it, such as GIMS.
4.
For statistic report, usually we only need the excel file and some of mapinfo data. Each version of TEMS investigation can export the logfile into text file, *.fmt. This format can open , and manage with Microsoft Excel.
TIME FRAME POSITION MESSAGE TYPE HEXADECIMAL STRING
Ms id
LAT MS1 MS1 MS1 MS1 MS1 MS1 15:41.7 15:43.1 15:44.5 15:45.9 15:46.1 15:47.3 2609056 2609362 2609668 2609975 2610013 2610281 S 0000.0240 S 0000.0240 S 0000.0240 S 0000.0240 S 0000.0239 S 0000.0239
LON E 00000.0314 E 00000.0318 E 00000.0319 E 00000.0322 E 00000.0322 E 00000.0327 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 3 PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 IDLE MODE REPORT PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0F 0F 25 06 21 00 05 F4 30 A2 DB CC 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 0F 0F 15 06 21 00 01 F0 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 0F 0F 4D 06 24 00 30 C3 AC 76 30 C2 33 8E 30 C3 0F AF 30 C3 16 3E 83 2B 2B 0F 0F 41 06 21 00 05 F4 30 C3 9B 1A 17 05 F4 30 C3 AD 45 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 0E CF E2 00 0C D0 56 10 4D DA 0F CB D7 10 09 DA 0E 88 00 0F 46 80 0F 0F 25 06 21 00 05 F4 30 C2 D0 1B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B
5.
Layer 3 Messages -To Monitor the event and signaling sent and received by Phone - List Messages of event and signaling
-Often use in analysis, after Drive Test completed -Replay the logfile, click a point on the route marker on map window, then see on layer 3 messages windows, detailed information on the associated messages appears in this window -Can double-click each list message from that window to open a new window displaying the full contents of the message.
Selecting Channels
Checking "Decode BSIC" causes the Base Station Identity Code to be decoded. It will be shown in the table to the right in the Frequency Scanner window
Presenting Scan
BCCH 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
BSIC 35 26 26 15 -
Average Rx Level (dBm) -104 -115 -110 -114 -105 -115 -111 -114 -115 -115 -111 -113 -115 -115 -115 -110 -114 -114 -114 -114
Spreedsheet Export to text (.fmt), open and process with Excel spreedsheet
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
Life time MS measurement equipment maximum 1 year, if more than 1 year need to be re-calibrate Calibration MSs cost almost the same price buy a new one Ericsson only support 2 version below for re-calibrate (eq : latest version is TEMS 7.0, means only can re-calibrate handset at version 5) If MS not calibrated or buy a new one, it will impact into the measurement (such as RxLevel and RxQual) will reduced and not valid => KPI will not achived TEMS always have bugs (even latest version) both coming from software or from type MS itself, need knowledge to anticipated it (such as wrong RxLevel recorded)
Make sure all connections cable at TEMS system is tight, as well external antenna For indoor drive test, MS position is very crucial because some MS location can increase body loss or other losses (such as MS put behind laptop or put MS near body) Avoid doing drive test at busy hour especially will increase loss (eq : a lot of people in the mall will increase body loss, a lot of car in the basement, traffic jam) For 3G drive test, more user using 3G will reduce quality, do drive test at low traffic is essential Drive test indoor need constant speed walk test (idle mode slower than dedicated mode) Drive test outdoor should be constant and not to fast ( max 40 km/h inner city and max 60 km/h outer city) Drive test recorded more than once at the same route (if possible) because it always given result slightly different. Take the best one as a report Result Drive Test route for outdoor drive test should be ignored when drive test route inside tunnel, on top of fly over road, below fly over road, bridge. Pay attention that GPS cant work well if no LOS into the sky
Reference
Ericsson.com/tems Michael Pipikakis, Evaluating and Improving The Quality of Service of Second Generation Cellular System, September,2004 TEMS Investigation 4.0 Manual TEMS Investigation 2.03 Manual TEMS Investigation 7.0 Product Description
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