BI TP ANKAN I/ Mc tiu 1. Kin thc: Gip hs n li mt s kin thc tnh cht ho hc ca ankan 2.

K nng: Rn luyn k nng vn dng l thuyt gii bi . 3. Trng tm: + GV n tp kin thc cho hs. + Rn luyn cho HS mt s k nng lm bi tp. II/ Chun b: -GV : chun b h thng cu hi v bi tp. - HS: Chun b bi tp trc nh v n li kin thc. III/ Phng php: Hot ng nhm, tho lun nu vn . IV/ T chc cc hot ng: 1. n nh t chc lp: 2. Kim tra bi c:Tin hnh trong bi dy gi hs ln bng lm bi tp. 3. Ging bi mi: Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung HS vit cc CTCT v gi tn: Hot ng 1: Kim tra kin thc ca hs * C5H12 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 (pentan) GV cng c kin thc cho hs thng qua cc bi CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 (2-metyl butan) tp sau: CH3 GV gi HS ln bng lm bi tp 1. CH3 CH3-C-CH3 Bi 1: Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ankan CH3 ( 2,2-imetyl butan) c cng thc phn t: C5H12; C6H14. * C6H14 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 (hexan) CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 : 3-metyl pentan CH3 CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH3 : 2-metyl pentan CH3 CH3 Hat ng 2: CH3-CH2-C-CH3 GV gi HS ln bng lm bi tp 2. CH3 ( 2,2-imetylbutan) HS trnh by bi gii ca mnh. Gv yu cu HS nu lu i vi dng bi tp ny. HS: vit cng thc cu to ca ankan khi c tn gi ta cn xc nh mch cacbon chnh sau vit cc nhnh ankyl vo ng v tr. Bi 2: Vit cng thc cu to ca ankan c tn gi sau: a. 2,3-dimetylpentan a. CH3 b. 3-etyl-2,3,4-trimetylhexan CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH3 c. isohexan CH3 ( 2,2-imetylbutan) d. neopentan b. C2H5 CH3 CH CH CH CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 c. CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH3 CH3 d. CH3 CH3-C-CH3 CH3

Hat ng 3: HS ln bng vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 3: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng sau: a. iso butan vi clo theo t l 1:1 khi chiu sng. b. Tch mt phn t hiro t phn t propan. c. t chy pentan. d. iu ch metan t natri axetat.

AS a.CH3-CH-CH3 + Cl2 CH3-CCl-CH3 + HCl CH3 CH3 t o , xt b. CH3-CH2-CH3 CH2=CH-CH3+H2 to c. C5H12 + 8O2 5CO2 + 6 H2O CaO ,t o d. CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3

GV gi HS nhn xt bi ca bn. Qua bi tp trn GV cng c tnh cht ha hc ca ankan cho HS. Hat ng 4: HS ln bng trnh by bi tp 4. Bi 4: t chy hon ton 3,6g ankan X thu c 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X v vit cc cng thc cu to. nCO2 = 0,25(mol) 3n + 1 to O2 nCO2 + (n+1)H2O 2 (14n+2) n mol 3,6g 0,25 mol => 0,25(14n+2)=3,6n => n = 5 nn CTPT ca X: C5H12 HS vit cc CTCT ca C5H12 v gi tn. Qua bi tp trn GV cng c cho HS cch xc nh CTPT ca ankan t phn ng chy. PT: CnH2n+2 +

Hot ng 5: HS ln bng trnh by bi tp 5. Bi 5: Khi lm bay hi 5,8g ankan A th thu c th tch hi bng th tch ca 3,2g oxi cng iu kin. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn.

Do th tch ca A bng th tch ca 3,2g oxi nn ta c: nA = nO = 0,1(mol) => MA = 58 (g/mol) <=> 14n + 2 = 58 n=4 CTPT ca A l C4H10 CTCT: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 butan CH3-CH-CH3 CH3 2-metylpropan

4. Cng c: GV s dng bi tp trn cng c kin thc cho HS. 5. Dn d: HS chun b bi mi.

Tun: 21 Tit theo PPCT: 20

Ngy son: 05/1/2013

BI TP ANKAN I/ Mc tiu 1. Kin thc: Gip hs n li mt s kin thc tnh cht ho hc ca ankan 2. K nng: Rn luyn k nng vn dng l thuyt gii bi . 3. Trng tm: + GV n tp kin thc cho hs. + Rn luyn cho HS mt s k nng lm bi tp. II/ Chun b: -GV : chun b h thng cu hi v bi tp. - HS: Chun b bi tp trc nh v n li kin thc. III/ Phng php: Hot ng nhm, tho lun nu vn . IV/ T chc cc hot ng: 1. n nh t chc lp: 2. Kim tra bi c:Tin hnh trong bi dy gi hs ln bng lm bi tp. 3. Ging bi mi: GV ph t phiu bi tp cho HS lm v tho lun trong tit. PHIU HC TP: BI TP ANKAN Cu 1: Tm cu sai trong cc mnh sau: a/ Hidrocacbon no l hidrocacbon trong phn t ch c lin kt n b/ ankan l hidrocacbon no mch cacbon khng vng c/. Hidrocacbon no l hp cht trong phn t ch c 2 nguyn t l cacbon v hidro d/ Ankan ch c ng phn mch cacbon Cu 2: Tn gi theo danh php IUPAC ca hp cht sau l: CH3-CH-CH-CH3 a/ 2-etyl-3-metylpentan b/. 3,4-dimetylhexan CH2CH2 c/ 2,3-dimetylbutan d/ 3-metyl-4-etylpentan Cu 3: Hp cht c cng thc: CH3 CH3 c tn l: CH2CH2 CH-CH2-CH
CH3 CH3 b/. 2,4-dimetylpentan a/ 2,2,3,3-tetrametylpropan c/ 2,4-dimetylbutan d/ 1,1,3-trimetylbutan Cu 4:tn ca hp cht :(CH3)3C-CH2-C2H5 l: a/ Trimetylpropan b/ 2,2-dimetyl-1-etylpropan c/. 2,2-dimetylpentan d/ Tt c u sai Cu 5:imetyl xiclopropan c bao nhiu ng phn mch vng a/ 3 b/ 4 c/. 5 d/ 6 Cu 6: Khi un mui RCOONa vi NaOH thu c hidro cacbon c tn gi l propan. Tn ca R l : a/ Mtyl b/ Etyl c/. Propyl d/ Butyl Cu 7:Trong PTN c th iu ch metan bng cch no trong nhng cch sau: a/ Nhit phn natri axetat vi vi ti xt b/ Cracking butan c/ Thu phn nhm cacbua trong mi trng axit d/. C a v c u ng Cu 8:Trong phng php iu ch etan (CH3-CH3) ghi di y phng php no sai a/ un natri propionat vi vi ti xt b/ Cng H2 vo etylen c/. Tch nc khi ru etylic d/ Cracking butan

Cu 9:t chy hon ton mt hidrocacbon A thu c s mol H2O gp i s mol CO2. vy A l : a/ ankan b/ Ankin c/. CH4 d/ C2H6 Cu 10: Xc nh CTPT ca ankan c t khi hi i vi khng kh bng 2. ankan ny c bao nhiu ng phn ? a/ C2H6 c 1 ng phn b/ C3H8 c 2 ng phn c/ C4H10 c 2 ng phn d/ C4H10 c 3 ng phn Cu 11: t chy m gam hn hp hidrocacbon thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 0,15 mol H2O. tm m ? a/. 1,5 gam b/ 7,1 gam c/ 5,55gam d/ 4,55gam Cu 12: Brom ho mt ankan c mt dn xut cha brom c t khi hi so vi khng kh l 5,207. Ankan ny l: a/ CH4 b/ C2H6 c/ C3H8 d/. C5H12 Cu 13:X,Y,Z l 3 ankan k tip nhau c tng khi lng phn t l 174 U.Tn ca chng l : a/ Mtan, etan, propan b/ Etan, propan, butan c/. Propan, butan, pentan d/ Pentan, hexan, heptan Cu 14: Ankan A c t khi hi i vi hidro bng 29 v mch cacbon phn nhnh. Tn ca A l: a/. Isobutan b/ Isopentan c/ Hexan d/ Neo-pentan Cu 15: Khi t chy x mol ankan a thu c 10,8 gam H2O v 11,2 lt CO2(kc). Gi tr ca x l : a/ 1 b/. 0,1 c/ 2 d/ 0,5 Cu 16: T khi ca hn hp X gm metan v etan so vi khng kh l 0,6. t ht 1 mol X phi cn bao nhiu mol oxi : a/ 3,7 b/. 2,15 c/ 6,3 d/ 4,25 Cu 17: t chy 1 mol ankan A cn 6,5 mol O2 . S nguyn t hido trong phn t A l : a/ 4 b/ 6 c/. 10 d/ 14 Cu 18: T khi hi ca hn hp X gm metan v etan i vi khng kh l 0,6. khi t chy ht 1 mol X, th tch kh CO2 (kc) thu c l: a/ 8,72 lt b/. 24,64 lt c/ 22,4 lt d/ 44,8 lt Cu 19:t chy hn hp hai hidrocacbon ng ng lin tip ta thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 17,6 gam CO2. vy cng thc phn t ca 2 hidrocacbon l: a/ C2H6 v C3H8 b/ C2H4 v c3H6 c/ C3H6 v C4H10 d/. CH4 v C2H6 Cu 20: Khi lng ring ca mt ankan iu kin chun l 3,839 g/ lit.Trong phn t ankan c mt nguyn t cacbon bc IV. Hidrocacbon l: a/ 2,2-dimetyl pentan b/ 2,2- dimetyl hexan c/. 2,2- dimetyl butan d/ 3,3- dimetyl pentan