Principles of Composites Design

B1




.

.

-1 ) (
-2 ) (
-3
-4 ) (
-5
-6 ) (
-7 ) (

B2

) (

B3

Narrow optimum design

Wide optimum design

B4

B5



) (1 ) -:( isotropic . -
2 ).(E,
) (2 ) -:( orthotropic .
- 9 .

)(E11, E22, E33, G12, G13, G23, 12, 13, 23

) (3 ) -:( anisotropic
13 .
) (shear deformation .

B6

 - ) ( Unidirectional Lamina

f = m = c

f = Ef f = Ef c
m = Em m = Em c

Ef >> Em f >> m

Pc = Pf + Pm
cAc = f Af + m Am

Am
Ac

+ m

Af
Ac

c = f

Ac = Af + Am
V m = A m / Ac

Vf = A f / Ac

c = fVf + mVm
)c = fVf + m(1-Vf

B7

)Ec = EfVf + Em(1-Vf

E1 = EfVf + EmVm
.

Em E f
E f Vm + EmV f

= E2

GmG f
G f Vm + GmV f

= G12

) ( Chopped Strand Mat

E (random) = 3/8 E11 + 5/8 E22

G (random) = 1/8 E11 + E22

B8

 ) (Laminate Theory

: ] [Q
][Q

yy xy xx
yy xy xx

} { } = [Q]k {
:Kth

)} { } = [Q]k ({ o } + z{

B9

N =

.dz

M =

N x A11
N
y A12
N xy A16

=
M
x B11
M y B12

M
xy B16

.zdz

A12

A16

B11

B12

A22

A26

B12

B22

A26

A66

B16

B26

B12

B16

D11

D12

B22

B26

D12

D22

B26

B66

D16

D26

B16 xo

B26 oy

o
B66 xy

D16 x
D26 y

D66 xy

[ A] = [Q]k (hk hk 1 )

1 N
[ B] = [Q]k (hk2 hk21 )
2 k =1

1 N
[ D] = [Q]k (hk3 hk31 )
3 k =1

k =1

B10

B11

 9 -

10
-

B12



.
.

-11

- 12

B13

 -13

Et 3 c
d
+ 2E f t f +
12
2

Ec t 3c
+
12

Eftf d2
2

Eftf3
6

Eftf3
6

= D = Ez 2 dz

= 2 D f + D 0 + Dc

2Df
D0
Dc
d ) (d = tf + tc

B14


) t1 ( tc >> t2 )( Ef >> Ec

M x z (d e) Ef Mx
= f
=
td
D0

E f t 2c
Tx
2
2

t
t
t
z
=

+
+

f
f c

( D0 + 2 D f ) 2 4

E f t f d Ec t 2 c

2
2

T
c = x
D

) (
. ) ) ((Nomex
.

-14

B15

 -1

-2
Compression

-2
Shear

Material

Density
(kg/m3) Strength
(MPa)

Aluminium honeycomb
Fiberglass honeycomb
Nomex honeycomb
Thermoplastic honeycomb
Rohacell (Polymethacrylimide)
Divinycell (polyvinylchloride)
Klegecell (polyvinylchloride)

50
48
48
80
50
50
48

2.1
2.8
2.2
2
0.9
0.7
0.5

B16

Modulus Strength Modulus

(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
517
159
138
52
69
70
18

1.4
1.3
1.2
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.4

310
131
41
13.6-50
21
17
8


.

. .

15

16

B17

)(a

)(b

)(c

17 (a) : (b) T L )(c

V

B18

Sleeve and plug form a telescopic fit

Rivet and Through-bolt

Threaded

18

B19

 -19

B20

Laminate Tools

http:// fp.anaglyph.fq.co.uk/ products htm

1
2
3

)(LT
ESAComp

http://www.componeering.com

ABAQUS

http://www.simulia.com

ANSYS

http://www.ansys.com

NISA

http://www.nisasoftware.com

COSMOS

http://www.cosmosm.com

LUSAS

http://www.lusas.com

B21

[1]

Hull D and Clyne TW, An Introduction to Composite Materials

Cambridge University Press, 1996.

[2]

Halpin JC, Primer on Composite Materials Analysis

Technomic Pub. Co. Inc., 1984.

[3]

Tsai SW, Composites Design

Think Composites, 1988.

[4]

Barbero EJ, Introduction to Composite Materials Design

Taylor and Francis, 1999.

[5]

Quin JA, Composites Design Manual

James Quinn Associates Ltd, 2002

[6]

Jones RM, Mechanics of Composite Materials

Taylor and Francis, 1999.

[7]

Agarwal BD, Broutman LJ and Chandrashekhara K, Analysis and Performance of Fiber

Composites
J. Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2006.

[ 8]

1373 ( )
[9]

Zenkert D (Editor), The Handbook of Sandwich Construction ,

Engineering Materials Advisory Services Ltd, 1997.

[10]

Gibson LJ and Ashby MF, Cellular Solids ,

Cambridge University Press, 1997.

[11]

Bitzer T, Honeycomb Technology ,

Chapman and Hall, 1997.

[12]

Matthews FL, Joining Fibre-Reinforced Plastics

Elsevier, 1987.

B22