With each new invention time and time again modern civilization has bested itself advancing our

world substantially the keyboard is one of these inventions. as the modernized version to mechanical text entry devices sch as the typewriter and text punches, the key board has been considered one of the most commonly used computer hardware devices. Its importance is well known in regards to the development of computers . There are four types of keyboards each with their own particular key arrangement and purpose. These are : QWERTY ALPHABETIC DVORAK CHORD QWERTY- This arrangement dates back to the first typewriters, and was said to help prevent the mechanical metal arms of the typewriter from colliding and jamming as people typed. Though yet to be proven this has long become a standard type of key arrangement Qwerty keyboard was designed for the machine, to improve the performance of the machine not the typist. Qwerty was designed and patented in 1896 by Christopher Latham Sholes, the inventor of typewriter. Originally keys were laid out in alphabetical order which caused frequent jams of moving parts. Sholes rearranged the keys so that most frequently typed letters were spread apart to minimize the jamming. He obtained a patent for this keyboard layout which became known as QWERTY and became US standard 101 keyboard.

ALPHABETIC-

DVORAK -The most widely known is Dvorak, named for its creator, August Dvorak. The Dvorak layout places all of the vowels on the left side of the keyboard and the most common consonants on the right. The most commonly used letters are all found along the main row where you place your fingers when you begin typing. People who prefer the Dvorak layout say it increases their typing speed and reduces fatigue. Dvorak keyboard was designed for the typist, to make typing more efficient, more comfortable, faster. It is easier to type letters alternating between hands. For maximum speed and efficiency, the most common letters and digraphs should be the easiest to type. This means that they should be on the home row, which is where the fingers rest. Likewise, the least common letters should be on the bottom row, which is the hardest row to reach. The right hand should do more of the typing, because most people are right-handed. It is more difficult to type digraphs with adjacent fingers than non-adjacent fingers. Stroking should generally move from the edges of the board to the center (as an example, rap your fingers on a table and see which is easier: going from pinkie finger to index or index to pinkie). This motion on a keyboard is called inboard stroke flow. increased comfort - (the top reason for typist suffering with RSI) increased efficiency better accuracy faster shorter learning curve (estimated 50% shorter then Qwerty

CHORD- a chorded keyboard is a input device that allows the user to enter characters or commands formed by pressing several keys together, like playing a "chord" on a piano. The large number of combinations available from a small number of keys allows text or commands to be entered with one hand, leaving the other hand free.