Lesson 11-7 The Addition Rules for Probability

Objectives: Decide if two events are mutually exclusive Use the addition rule for mutually exclusive events Use the addition rule for events that are not mutually exclusive

A. Mutually Exclusive
Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot both occur at the same time. That is, the events have no outcomes in common. When two events A and B are mutually exclusive, the probability that A or B will occur is When two events A and B are not mutually exclusive, the probability that A or B will occur is

PP (B ( AA o )) r ( B ) P

This indicates that either one or the other must occur, but not both.

PP ( Pn AB o( a r )P B () ) A () d A B

When two events are not mutually exclusive, any outcomes that are common to two events are counted twice. We account for this by subtracting the probability of both events occurring.

1.

In drawing cards from a standard deck, determine whether the two events are mutually exclusive or not. (a) Drawing a 4, drawing a 6. Video

(b) Drawing a 4, drawing a heart.

Lesson 11-7 The Addition Rules for Probability

3. A restaurant has three pieces of apple pie, five pieces of cherry pie, and four pieces of pumpkin pie in its dessert case. If a customer selects at random one kind of pie for dessert, find the probability that it will be either cherry or pumpkin.

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4. A card is drawn from a standard deck. Find the probability of getting an ace or a queen.

Lesson 11-7 The Addition Rules for Probability

5. A card is drawn from a deck. Find the probability that it is either a club, a diamond, or a heart. Video

6. A single card is drawn from a standard deck of cards. Find the probability that it is a king or a club.

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7. Two dice are rolled. Find the probability of getting doubles or a sum of 6. Video

Lesson 11-7 The Addition Rules for Probability

8. In a hospital there are eight nurses and five physicians. Seven nurses and three physicians are females. If a staff person is selected, find the probability that the subject is a nurse or a male.

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9.

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