The GPRS Mobility Management protocol ( 3GPP 24.

008 ) is used to make a UE known to the packet switchedCN and to follow its mobility. The procedures have only changed by a message, which is used as the initial UEmessage when connecting UE with the packet network, Session Management Activate PDP Context. This newmessage is the SERVICE REQUEST message and is used to set up a secure connection with the ability to define aQoS for the signaling information between UE and SGSN. Figure 1 117 Mobile Originated Call (message flow). GMM Functions Procedures similar to GPRS (GMM) GMM protocol makes use of a signaling connection between UE and SGSN GMM establishes and releases GMM contexts, for example, GPRS Attach GMM-specific procedures for location functions like periodic routing area updating New message implemented to provide service to CM sublayer on top of GMM: o SERVICE REQUEST message o Initiated by UE, used to establish a secure connection to the network and to request thebearer establishment for sending data UE identified by IMSI or P-TMSI