Kelompok 2.4 1. Dwi Yuliani 2. Dwinda 3.

Dyah Pratiwi Ningrum

MODALS
A. PENGERTIAN Modal adalah kata kerja yang mempunyai ciri- ciri khusus, yaitu: 1. Kata kerja yang digunakan setelah modal adalah Verb1( kata kerja bentuk 1) murni tanpa to (bare infinitive). Contoh: He must to help her. (salah) He must help her. (benar)

2. Modal tidak bisa ditambah dengan s/es/ed/ing Contoh: She cans speak English. (salah) She can speak English. (benar)

B. JENIS MODAL PRESENT will shall can may must Persamaan modal should = ought to = to be (is,am,are,was,were) + supposed to = had better must = has/have/had + to PAST would should could might had to

Rumus verbal: (+) S + MODAL + V1 + O (-) S + MODAL + not + V1 + O (?) MODAL + S + V1 +O

Contoh: (+) He can write a letter. (-) He can not write a letter. (?) Can he write a letter?

Rumus nominal: (+) S + MODAL + BE + C (-) S + MODAL + not + BE + C (?) MODAL + S + BE +C

Contoh: (+) He can be a doctor. (-) He can not be a doctor. (?) Can he be a doctor.

C. MODAL SIMILAR Apabila ada lebih dari satu modal dalam satu kalimat maka modal yang pertama tetap, sedangkan modal yang selanjutnya harus diubah menjadi bentuk similar modal. MODAL Will Shall Would Should Can Could May Might Must Need Dare Ought to Used to Had better Contoh: I will can speak English. (salah) I will be able to speak English. (benar) He will may can speak English. (salah) He will be allowed to be able to speak English. (benar) D. MODAL PERFECTIVE Modal perfective berfungsi menjelaskan tentang fakta atau kejadian yang telah terjadi. MODAL + HAVE + V3/BEEN Note: a. must + have + V3/been menyatakan kepastian MODAL SIMILAR To be going to To be going to To be going to To be going to To be able to To be able to To be allowed to To be allowed to Have to/has to/had to To be supposed to -

b. should + have + V3/been c. could + have + V3/been d. may + have + V3/been e. might + have + V3/been Contoh: 1. 2.

menyatakan fakta yang bertentangan dengan apa yang diungkapkan menyatakan fakta yang bertentangan dengan apa yang menyatakan kemungkinan (bentuk lampau tetapi baru ditulis terjadi) menyatakan kemungkinan (bentuk lampau tetapi kejadian tersebut telah lama terjadi)

We should have eaten the food. fakta: We didnt eat. I wonder where my reading glasses are. Have you seen them? No, I havent. You could have left them in the office.