Pressure vessel Formula

Nasir Khan
Design Engineer

Pressure

What is Pressure What is Stress Absolute and Gauge Pressure What is vacuum

A Pressure vessel
Under internal pressure

Pressure

A Pressure vessel
Stresses
SL SL

Pressure

SH
SL SH SL

SH = Hoop Stress SL= Longitudinal stress

Pressure vessel
Under external pressure
(Outside pressure more than inside)

No Pressure inside

Cut from centre

Force by Pressure = Balanced in shell
W
Pressure

Pressure

Dia=D

Force by Pressure (P) P (3.14xD2) 4 t = =

Retaining Force in steel shell (W)

SL (3.14xDxt)
PD 4SL

or ASME Code uses: t= PD 4SLE

Cut top half

Force from Pressure = Balanced by shell

Dia =D

Pressure = P

Pressure

Force by Pressure (P) P (D x L) t = =

Retaining Force in steel shell (W) SH (t x L) x 2

PD 2SH t= or ASME Code uses: PD 2SHE

Summary

(For Hoop case)

General Formula

ASME Sec. VIII, Di.1

A. PD 5500, Cat . 1

t=

PD

t=

PR

e=

P Di

2SH

SHE-0.6P

2f-P

E = Joint Efficiency

(How this joint is strong as compared to a solid plate?)

SH = f = Allowable stress t = e = Shell thickness

Thank you