Professional Documents
Culture Documents
79205378 ΓΚΙΛΗΣ ΟΔΥΣΣΕΑΣ Σέρραι Ανθολόγηση κειμένων διαχρονική
79205378 ΓΚΙΛΗΣ ΟΔΥΣΣΕΑΣ Σέρραι Ανθολόγηση κειμένων διαχρονική
. , . , . SIRAS =
, , , ,
.
. ,
- -.
. . ,
. , , , ,
-, , .
2007-2011
12
' . .
the destination of newly minted coin is unclear its scale is not in doubt. It has been
estimated that, over an 18-year period, the Amphipolis mint produced 13,000,000
silver tetradrachms.102 (Hammond and Walbank, History of Macedonia 3, pp. 912.
Whether Alexander intendedto establish an empire-wide coinage is disputed: yes,
according to Bosworth, Conquest and Empire, pp. 2445, but no according to Martin,
Sovereignty and Coinage, pp. 12230.)Maynard Keynes in his Treatise on Money
pondered on how far the dispersal by Alexander of the bank reserves of Persia []
was responsible for the outburst of economic progress in the Mediterranean basin, of
which Carthage attempted and Rome ultimately succeeded to reap the fruits.103 But
Keynes says nothing about possible mechanisms whereby all this wealth found its
way back to the West. Hammond Hammond, History of
Macedonia 1, pp. 41516, 439, Hammond, Macedonian State, p. 54, Hammond and
Griffith, History of Macedonia 2, p. 28; cf. also Hatzopoulos, Macedonian Institutions
1, pp. 105, 479.
2
-- -
(. 15-46)
, 320-315 . . .
Philip II, tetradrachm, Amphipolis mint, 14.29 g, 24 mm, 7 h, about 355349/48 BC, Berlin 18201161
Alexander III, tetradrachm, Amphipolis mint, 17.04 g, 25 mm, 4 h, about 330 BC, Berlin 18204190
Macedonian first meris, tetradrachm, Amphipolis mint, 16.67 g, 31 mm, 12 h, about 158150 BC, Berlin 18204055
, ...
.
437 ..
. ,
. ,
.
10
. .
11
: + ()() () +
12
.
. ,
, , , .
13
14
15
T M . AIEPMA. H
KAHMEPINH - 3 OKTBPIOY 1993. O . H
, B ,
T 1913.
1345
12
16
......................................................... 3
.................................................................................................. 3
................................................................................................................. 16
................................................................................................... 21
.......................................................................... 27
. ......................................................................... 29
.................................................................................................................... 35
.................................................................................. 37
.......................................................................................................................... 39
. , . , . SIRAS = ,
, , , . ...................................................... 41
........................................................................................................................... 43
. ............................................................................................ 43
. ................................................................................................. 43
................................................................................................................ 44
..................................................................................................... 44
............................................................................................. 44
....................................................................................................................... 46
.................................................................................................................... 46
.................................................................................................. 47
. ............................................................................................. 47
.................................................................................................................... 48
................................................................................................................ 51
. ............................................................................................... 52
. .................................................................................................... 55
VII ..................................................................... 56
. ............................................................................................. 58
....................................................................................................................... 61
.......................................................................................................... 64
. ..................................................................................... 65
. ............................................................................................ 65
. .................................................................................................................. 66
. VII .................................................................... 66
. ................................................................................................ 66
. ................................................................................................. 68
. .............................................................................................. 69
. ................................................................................................... 69
. ......................................................................................................... 70
.......................................................................................................... 83
.................................................................................................................. 83
. ................................................................................................ 84
.................................................................................................................. 84
....................................................................................................... 89
......................................................................................................................... 91
........................................................................................................................ 93
........................................................................................................................ 96
............................................................................................................. 99
............................................................................................ 105
17
................................................................................................................ 105
. , ........................... 107
................................................................................................................ 107
. .............................................................................................. 108
.............................................................................................................. 108
............................................................................................ 108
. ................................................................................................. 109
. ................................................................................................ 109
. ............................................................................................. 111
............................................................................................................ 112
. ............................................................................................ 115
. ............................................................................................. 116
...................................................................................................................... 117
............................................................................................ 118
.................................................................................................................... 119
..................................................................................................................... 121
-........................................................................................... 122
............................................................................................................. 130
.................................................................................................................. 131
.. ....................................................................................... 132
. ................................................................................................. 133
................................................................................................ 137
......................................................................................................... 140
........................................................................................................ 141
............................................................................................... 141
. ................................................................................................. 142
. ............................................................................................. 142
.............................................................................................................. 143
................................................................................................ 143
. .......................................................................................... 143
............................................................................................ 143
. .............................................................................................................. 155
. ................................................................................................................ 156
. ............................................................................................... 156
....................................................................................................................... 157
. ............................................................................................... 158
. .............................................................................................................. 159
. ................................................................................................................ 168
. . ................. 184
: .. 1 ....................................................................................................... 188
............................................................................................................... 210
.............................................................................................. 210
.............................................................................................................. 217
. ............................................................................... 217
: .. 11 ................................................................................................... 227
....................................................................................... 227
. ............................................................................ 227
: .. 13 .................................................................................................... 236
: .. 14 ..................................................................................................... 237
....................................................................................................................... 240
18
. ........................................................................................................... 245
..................................................................................................................... 252
. .................................................................................................................... 252
.............................................................................................. 253
. ........................................................................ 255
. .............................................................................................................. 255
- ................................................................................... 259
. . , . ,
, , , -, ,
........................................................................................................... 262
................................................................................................................ 263
: 8 ......................................................................................................... 263
. ................................................................................................................. 263
: 6 ......................................................................................................... 263
. ............................................................................................................... 263
: 5 ......................................................................................................... 264
............................................................................................ 264
. .............................................................................................. 269
. ............................................................................................... 274
: 4 ......................................................................................................... 275
. ................................................................................................................ 275
. .......................................................................................................... 276
. .......................................................................................................... 277
: 3 ............................................................................................................. 280
. ........................................................................................ 281
: 2 ............................................................................................................. 281
. .......................................................................................... 282
............................................................................................................... 282
: 5 ............................................................................................................. 284
................................................................................................................ 284
: 4 ............................................................................................................. 285
. .......................................................................................................... 285
............................................................................................................... 285
: 6 ............................................................................................................. 286
. ............................................................................................................... 286
. ............................................................................................................... 286
. ............................................................................................................ 287
: 5 ............................................................................................................. 288
. ........................................................................................................... 288
. .............................................................................................................. 288
. .............................................................................................. 289
. ............................................................................................... 291
: 4 ............................................................................................................. 292
. .......................................................................................................... 292
. .......................................................................................................... 292
............................................................................................................. 296
. ............................................................................................................. 296
..................................................................................................................... 297
.................................................................................................................. 298
.................................................................................................................... 299
19
- ............................................................................................. 302
: 7 ............................................................................................................. 303
.................................................................................................................. 303
: 5 ............................................................................................................. 304
................................................................................................................... 316
- ......................................................................................... 324
- .............................................................................................. 335
................................................................................................................... 335
.............................................................................................................. 338
........................................................................................................... 342
. ........................................................................ 344
................................................................................................ 345
.............................................................................................................. 347
. ......................................................................................................... 347
. ............................................................................................................. 348
. .... 350
............................................................................................................ 351
. ........................................................................................................... 351
. ................................................................................................. 351
.............................................................................................................. 351
. ............................................................................................................. 352
. ............................................................................................ 352
. ............................................................................. 353
. ........................................................................................ 354
. ................................................................................................................ 354
. ........................................................................................................... 354
. ............................................................................................... 355
. .............................................................................................................. 356
. ................................................................................................. 356
. .................................................................................................................... 357
. ........................................................................................................... 357
........................................................................................................ 366
. .............................................................................................. 366
. ................................................................................................. 366
. ................................................................................................................ 366
.............................................................................................................. 367
. .............................................................................................................. 367
............................................................................................................. 368
............................................................................................................ 369
................................................................................................................ 370
....................................................................................................... 373
............................................................................................................. 377
.................................................................................................................... 378
................................................................................................................... 381
................................................................................................. 383
............................................................................................................. 384
............................................................................................................... 384
. .......................................................................................... 387
..................................................................................................................... 387
.............................................................................................................. 387
20
- ...................................................................................... 387
. ........................................................................................................... 388
. ........................................................................................ 388
............................................................................................................ 389
. .............................................................................................. 389
......................................................................................................... 390
Splash Latino - Livio - Ab Urbe Condita - Liber Xlv 4.
ww.latin.it/autore/livio/ab_urbe_condita/!45!liber_xlv/04.lat. .............................. 391
LIBER DE EXCELLEN TIBVS DVCIBVS EXTERARVM GENTIVM
PROLOGVS... ........................................................................................................... 393
DE CENTVM METRIS CLARISSIMO ALBINO SERVIVS GRAMMATICVS. .. 394
PVNICA LIBER PRIMVS ........................................................................................ 395
DE CHOROGRAPHIA}. {Liber primus} Orbis situm dicere... ............................... 398
Cousinery .Voyage dans la Macedoine. Sur L Histoire, la geographie.
Esprit Marie Cousinery, Tome premier. Langlume. Imprime par autorisation du roi
du 28 Septembere 1828. Paris. MDCCCXXXI. ........................................................ 401
The American Red Cross. Commision to Greece. Relief work in Eastern Macedonia.
Athens 1919. .............................................................................................................. 406
. ............................................... 410
................................................................................................................... 439
21
, ,
. , ,
.
. , , .
, , , , ,
22
362-386 ,
270
.
, , .
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
( ),
,
513 .. 512
.. '
4 ..
. ' ,
. 279 ..
, , ,
,
.3
. (.
)
, , .
, (
) .
,
, .
.
4.
, .
,
, ,
3
. ., , 1932
23
() .
, ,
, .
,
, , .
, .
,
, , , ,
,
, 5 6 78
.
, , .
.
2006. , , 7,5. 14-15 , 7,9, III, 13. .
, .
' (
) 333 ..
6
.
. :
. . 2009.
1976, 2000: 72, 2000: 311.
, ..
[ & 2009].
7
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006.
. 129. . The name Brea seems to be Celtic for a settlement. The colony was mentioned in
literature (Steph. Byz. s.v.; Cratinus F 426 KA), but, beyond the fact that it was in the Thracian area,
its situation is uncertain. Letter-forms place the text in the 440s, and it may have been the settlement
among the Bisaltai mentioned by Plutarch and abandoned after the foundation of Amphipolis; ML
pp. 1 j2f; Meiggs 1972 (E 53) 158-9; but see Asheri 1969 (E 2).
8
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian Worthington.
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010 Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. The Derrones are now identified as a Paeonian tribe in the area of the river Axios16
and so are the most westerly of the tribes discussed here; they are distinguished from the others through
their preference for the bull motif and by their large currency unit. The Ichnaii on the upper Axios play
a less significant role but also depict either bulls led by a man or a man leading a horse. The latter motif
appears also among the Tynteni who are to be located in the same area. The Bisaltae were settled west
of the Strymon while the Edones and Orescii were east of it in the basin of the Pangaion mountains;
the Pangaion mines were the source of the Oresciis coin-metal.17 Among the Bisaltae the image
often appears of a man with two spears, often thought to be Ares leading a horse. On smaller
denominations he in fact appears in armour.
24
,
.
.
.
,
, ,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
, ,
.
,
, .
4.
. ), 9 .
,
,
, .
,
,
,
, , ,
.
.
9
25
.
,
.
,
10
.
.
, , ,
,
.
, .
,
, .
.
.
.11
10
. - . ..
... ,
, .
. 2 . -.
, ,
, ,
, ,
. '. .
1860 . 69-71. . . . "
" Balkan Studies . 6 , . 35-54 .
.
11
. " ".
26
.
, : 12, 13,
, , , ,14 , , ,
..
15 . 6 ..
,
.
16
.
,
480 .. 4 ..
' '.
12
27
,
.17
. 18
19.
, .
.
, , , 20, ,
.
21, , 22, ,
23
24 .
17 . 1975. www.protiserron.gr
18
" "
: , 8 2004.
19
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian Worthington. A
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd. For wider evidence of pastoral strategies on the landscape, see A. Gerassimidis, Palynological
Evidence for Human Influence on the Vegetation of Mountain Regions in Northern Greece: The Case
of Lilaias, Serres, in P. Halstead and C. Frederick (eds.), Landscape and Land Use in Postglacial
Greece (Sheffield 2000), pp. 2837.
20
A geographical and historical description of ancient Greece: ..., 1. John Anthony
Cramer. Oxford MDCCCXXVIII. There are yet a few other towns ascribed to the Edoni
. , , . .
. 1879. . 39,
. 2.98
22
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian Worthington.
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010 Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. Theodoric Amal was involved in three campaigns in Illyricum, although their
chronology is problematic. Apparently during the first campaign in 471, led by Theodorics father
Thiudimer, the Goths advanced only as far south as Naissus. In 479 Theodoric, not satisfied with the
generous offers made to him by Zeno, attacked Stobi, Thessaloniki and Heraclea, among other cities in
Macedonia, before marching west into Epirus nova. Back again in 482, Theodoric continued to pillage
the provinces of Macedonia and Thessalia, until Zeno in 488 persuaded him to march on Italy and
28
25 , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , ,
26.
establish a kingdom at Ravenna. Unsuccessful at Thessaloniki, the Ostrogothic forces traveled west
along the Via Egnatia to Heraclea. When they arrived and established camp and while Theodoric
was waiting for new offers from the emperor, the bishop sent them a great variety of gifts, thus keeping
the countryside unplundered for the time being. When the king gave up on further negotiations with the
emperor and decided to head for Epirus nova, he demanded provision of wheat and wine for the
journey from the people of Heraclea. The citizens, who had taken refuge in a small fortress, refused,
and the Goths burned most of the deserted city.41
23
. . . 2008..
. .
24
. . - ... .
. . 2008.
. . (--)
, ,
( ,
). ,
, . ,
,
.
, .
, .
,
.
. ,
. ,
, ( ).
.
25
. :
. . 2009.
,
. , , , ,
. 6 . ..
.
,
, , .
.
, .
.
, ,
.
26
.
. :
. . 2009.
(. ), ,
. ,
. 6
5 .. . 5 . ..,
.
29
, , , 27 , 28,
.
.
,
. .
, ...
. 90.12.-90.18
.
. .
.
. .
( -)
...
7 .. . 7
.. . , . .
...
. 4 . ..,
357 ..
27
. , , . .
. 1879. . 26 466..
( ), ,
, , ,
.
28
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 13-14. A vital
clue comes from elsewhere in Thucydides' work. In iv. 102.2-3 it is asserted that the first attempt to
settle the site of Amphipolis was made by Aristagoras of Miletus (cf. CAH iv2. 48 5-6), that the
Athenians came thirty-two years later and met with disaster at Drabescus- ,
" " . "
".- (cf. 1.100.3 and p. 46 below), but came again in the 27th year under Hagnon and finally
founded Amphipolis (see p. 145 below). In what terms these time-intervals came to Thucydides we
cannot know. Fortunately, we have a date for Hagnon's foundation, 437/6, twice transmitted, once
apparently from an Atthis (Schol. Aeschin. 11.31), once from Diodorus' chronological source
(xn.3250). The disaster at Drabescus consequently belongs about 465/4,51 with uncertainty about the
correlation between the archon-year for Amphipolis and whatever form of year Thucydides is using,
and this should also give us an approximate date for the neighbouring events, the revolt of Thasos (p.
44 below) and the beginning of the Helot Revolt (pp. 1089 below).
30
115
, 3 .. ,
119 ... Amphipolis. Amphipolitans. Damasias of
Amphipolis 320 BC Stadion Olympics
06 115 3 ( ' ') 07
119 304 ( )29
...
.
. , , 406 .
' .
, 30.
, .
.
(
' , ).
,
. ... Suda.3024.1
. .
.
.
.
.
. . Amphipolis. Amphipolitans. Hermagoras
of Amphipolis (c. 225 BC), stoic philosopher, follower of Persaeus
. 4 .. ., .
. . ,
,
29
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. .
. , ' ,
.
361 . . .
.
30
Koukouli-Chrysanthaki Ch., "Excavating Classical Amphipoli", In (eds) Stamatopoulou M., and M.,
Yeroulanou <Excavating Classical Culture>, BAR International Series 1031, 2002:57-73. Agelarakis
A., Physical anthropological report on the cremated human remains of an individual retrieved from
the Amphipolis agora, In Excvating Classical Amphipolis by Koukouli-Chrysantkai Ch.,
<Excavating Classical Culture> (eds.) Stamatopoulou M., and M., Yeroulanou, BAR International
Series 1031, 2002: 72-73.
31
.
31 . Amphipolis. Amphipolitans.
Zoilus (400 BC-320 BC), grammarian, cynic philosopher
, ,
,
, ...... ,
,
, ...
,
.
...
(), , 32
(284-805 ..), ... (
), ...
. (4 . ..).
. ,
.
.
: ,
, , .
: .
. . . , .
Amphipolis. Amphipolitans. Pamphilus (painter), head of Sicyonian school
and teacher of Apelles
,
:
33: ,
. . .
.
[
). 2005 .
, , (40 .. .),
31
. ,
, (
), ,
.
32 . , [ ... - .. 77],
1965, . 1
33
. , .
32
,
.
'' , , .
: .
. .
: . .
.
: .
, .
: ,
.
: ,
.
: .
: .
.
: (' 4 .. ).
,
, . 34
35, , 388 . .
, ... ,
...
.
.
1 8.5
.
.
.
34
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr
Cousinery .Voyage dans la Macedoine. Sur L Histoire, la geographie. Esprit Marie
Cousinery, Tome premier. Langlume. Imprime par autorisation du roi du 28 Septembere 1828. Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. 128 Jeni-Kieui, StrymonLa voice.
, Thucid.
Loc. Cit. 129 130 Philon Stratocles sont bannis a
perpetuite d Amphipolis et du terrtoire des Amphipolitains
35
33
.
. 23.1.53.6
. .
:
.
36 . 460
396 (;).
424
37 38 ,
36
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 17 Thucydides,2
son of Olorus of the deme Halimous, born perhaps about 460, was related in some way to Cimon and to
Thucydides son of Melesias.3 Like Cimon, he had Thracian connexions, as is indicated by his father's
name (cf. Hdt. vi.39.3) and his own statement (iv.105.1) that he had possessions in the gold mines east
of the river Strymon which gave him great influence with the mainlanders of that area. Of his early
life we know nothing, but can readily infer his total immersion in the intellectual excitement which the
sophists were bringing to Athens.4 His military career begins and ends for us with his tenure of the
generalship in 424/3 (p. 427 below). After his failure at Amphipolis he was in exile from Athens for
twenty years (v.26.5), and this gave him the opportunity to watch events, not less from the
Peloponnesian side; he says nothing of his ability to watch Athens.
37
. , , . .
. 1879. . 28
,
38
.
.
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
,
. .
.
34
404
431 411 ,
.
( , 326 )
326
, 39
,
, .
326 .
.
, , .
,
.
, . ,
, ,
. ,
.
,
. ,
, .
media.ems.gr/ekdoseis/makedonika/.../ekd_pemk_21_Tsekourakis.p...
39
, 2004. .
- - -
. : - .
,
. , ,
. 326 .. .
. ,
, .
35
( .
.
. 422
.
(5-465 ). 40
465 10.000
(
).
41, ,
,
42
40
, 2004. .
- - . : . : (520-465 ..).
. 465 ..
10.000 ( ).
, ,
,
(. )
, , .
41
.
. ,
,
.
.
( (.. , 297).
( )
( ).
500 .. : , , ,
. .
42
. :
. . 2009.
,
36
( ) ,
.
,
. ,
449 ,
446
444 ,
,
.
434 ,
,
.
.
43,
422
44
465/4 ..14.
. . 14 1Isaac 1986: 58.
. 1, 102.3 4, 102.3 . ,
,
[ 1976: 141-142].
43
44
, 2004. .
- - -
. : - .
: 346 ..
37
346
45
.
status quo,
. .
46 47
, '
, ,
.
5 ..
48 ,
. ,
49, . , 50
.
status quo,
.
45
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. The End of the Third Sacred War, the Peace of Philocrates and the Way to
Chaeronea. In 346 a peace and alliance that became known as the Peace of Philocrates (the politician
who engineered it) was sworn to by Philip and Athens.37 Thus ended the war over Amphipolis (but
not the Third Sacred War). The Athenians recognized Philips conquests on the coast and gave up any
hope to regain Amphipolis. In return, Philip released his Athenian prisoners from Olynthus and
promised to spare Athens settlements in the Thracian Chersonese which were crucial to Athenian
survival because of the grain supply from the Black Sea. Cersebleptes, Phocis and Thessalian Halus
were excluded from the peace. The Athenians were far from happy with the terms, which they thought
favoured Philip more than themselves, and the hostile aftermaths
46
.. , , . , .
, 00, . , , 1938. .
, , 1964.
. , . , , 1972.
47
"" 1994
48
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. , . ,
,
, , ,
. .
. Sirae ()373.
374. , , . .
49
. . . 2008. .
. .
38
Siras (= , )
51. , : 52
.
5354
. 55 5 ..
56. 57 ,
, = .
( 115).
, . , .
. .
50
. . . ... . .
45,4.
51
. . . 2008..
, ,
. , ,
,
. (),
.
52
. - . .. ... .
, . . . 115, . . 12-18.. ,
. 1870 . 575-588.. , . ' . 10-11.
53
--. . -8.23. Honours for T. Claudius Diogenes. Date:
Mid to late first century A.D. (prosopography, lettering) or a descendant. Theatre proskenion frieze.
Inscribed on the blocks which make up the cornice, of the Doric order, above 8.1, the inscription of
Zoilos, across the back of the Theatre stage. The blocks have simple moulding above, supporting water
spouts in the form of lions' heads; the underside has a decoration of mutules. Bibliography: Published
by Reynolds, ZPE 43 (1981), 317-27, no.4, whence SEG 31, 1981.901; BullEp 1982.356, McCabe PHI
Aphrodisias.
[ () ] | |
- | []| stop
- [ ]| |
vac.
54
. - .
,
" "
, . "
" ' "" . 26-106.
55
. ,
, , . III, Leipzig 1894, . 231
, 1988, . 7.
56
. , , . .
. 1879. , -
: , , Sirae, , Sarxa, ,
, , () (), Serisk Serski (), Siruz Siroz (.), Ceres, Saras,
.
. . .
.
57
A COMPANION TO THE CLASSICAL GREEK WORLD. Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl. 2006 by
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. . 89 To the west, the foundation of Thourioi in the toe of Italy in 444/3
was another Athenian project which was opened to all Greece, and the most conspicuous evidence of a
move to expand Athenian influence in this direction of which there are hints as early as the year of
Salamis, when Herodotos (8.62) makes Themistokles, who had named two of his daughters Sybaris and
39
: 6
.. .
:
, .
5 , 58
6
. 8 ,
.
: , , ,
, , , , ,
...
59
.
.
60, (
,61 62,
Italia (Plutarch Themistokles 32), threaten a complete withdrawal of the Athenians to Siris, which
according to certain oracles was destined to be colonized by them. Athens had also begun to make
alliances in the region: the inscriptions which supply the evidence are unfortunately all problematic to
interpret, particularly that recording an alliance with Egesta (which was to play an important role in
precipitating the Athenian expedition to Sicily in 415).
58
--. . -
. 5 . . .
, 449
451 . -6
. . . . 5-6 . . .
59
. .
60
The geography of Herodotus: illustrated from modern researches and ...
-books.google.com James Talboys Wheeler London. 1854. 124 Siro-Paeones, and an amphibious
people who lived on lake Prasias(or Cercinitis) all of whom were described by Herodotus under the
general name Paeones. 130 The Paeones dwelt a wind from the Strymonthe race of Siro-Paeones so
called from their city of Sirisand the mines of Scapte Hyle
61
--. . -
6 . .
.
62
. . . ... . .
( . 515) , ,
, .
' . 11. , ,
, ()
.
40
, ).
2 .
63
, . 13 .
64, 1245. 1345
, 1371
65.
This article is about the city in Macedonia (Greece). For other uses see
Serres.Serres (Greek: , older form: , Turkish: Serez or
Siroz, Slavic: /Serez, /Syar or /Ser) is a city in the Greek
region of Macedonia. the Strymon river and 69 km north-east of the
Macedonian capital, Thessaloniki. The Rhodope Mountains rise to the
north and east of the city.66
Municipalities and communities of the Serres Prefecture
Achinos Alistrati Amfipoli Emmanouil Pappas Irakleia Kato
Mitrousi Kerkini Kormista Lefkonas Nea Zichni Nigrita Petritsi
Proti Rodolivos Serres Sidirokastro Skotousa Skoutari
Strymonas Strymoniko Tragilos Visaltia.Achladochori Agkistro
Ano Vrontou Oreini Promachonas67
63
41
. , .68 , . SIRAS = ,
, , , .
'
''.
''69 (Siras)
,
,
.
'
'. 70
. 71
. Sarxa72, Serra, Ceres Serre.
68
. . . ... .
. ( . 515) ,
, ,
. ' . 11. ,
, ,
()
. ... .
, ,
,
' . ' . .
. " " " " .
-, . ' . 126-128. . ,
" ", . 22, . .
, . . . 1957 . 257-259.
69
--. . -. , .
.
480 . .
. 479
70
.
. :
. . 2009. 59
. 20 . 20 . 23 . 45 3 24
.
71
. - . ....
. . . `. . 191. . . . .
. , 448 . . . , . 1883. William Miller. H
. (1204-1566). . . . 1960.
. 265 .. . . ' 1926, . 49-51.
. . . 393-400, 415-442, 450, 480-518, 521-558, ..
. 218-254. ."
".
72
--. . -
. SARXA Tabula
42
73 5
.. (
)
6 ..
, , ,
'74 '75 '
.76
Cousinery .Voyage dans la Macedoine. Sur L Histoire, la
geographie. Esprit Marie Cousinery, Tome premier. Langlume. Imprime
par autorisation du roi du 28 Septembere 1828. Paris. MDCCCXXXI.
Sirris, Serres. Salonique et a
Serres 85, Sirris. 100, Chapitre IV. Premier
voyage a Amphipolis. A AmphipolisCercineSerres.
EneodosEdoniens,
. 226
.
77
Peutigeriana(. Drawn in 1265 by a monk from Colmar and made up of 11 parchments scrolls
measuring approximately 34 cm high by 6,74 m. long when assembled, this document was discovered
in 1494 by Konrad Meissel, alias Celtes, and given in 1507 to an Antiquarian of Augsburg, Konrad
Peutinger.) ,
Sarrensis
ecclesia, Sarrensis Metropolis Sarrensis episcopus. . Epistolarum Innocenti III.
Romani Pontificis libri undecim. accedunt gesta ... III InnocentTomus secundus, Parisiis
MDCLXXXII. . 632.
73
. :
. . 2009. 59
. 20 . 20 . 23 . 45 3 24
.
74
--. . - 437 .
75
. - . .
. ( . 515) ,
, , .
' . 11. , ,
, ()
. , ,
, ' . '
. . " " " "
. -, . ' . 126-128. .
, " ", . 22, . .
, . . .
1957 . 257-259.
76 . 1975. www.protiserron.gr
77
--. . -
, ,
43
78
--. . -. .
(. )
.
.
7 . . , ,
.
. []
[]
.
[]. . .
.
. .5
. fr. B4
.
[] fr. 496 N
79 .
.
78
. . . ... .
, . . . 115, . . 12-18. . ,
. 1870 . 575-588. . , .
' . 10-11.
79
(. ) 63 D. 107 W. (Snell) - Plut.
quaest. conviv. 3, 10, 2 (p. 658b)
,
44
.
.
. 3,.99.6 .
.
Il. 58 .
. .
. .
.
. .
.
.
. 3b,566,F.5. .
80 Il. 49
.
[]
. ]
.
.
. 5.9 .
.
.
18 D. 21+22 W. (Snell) - vv. 1+2: Plut. exil. 12 (p. 604bc) - vv. 3+4: Athen. 12, 523d
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
............................
, .
80
. 2.848-2.852
2152 . 2152
2142
( 848-850)
. "
".
45
.
.
. .
. 81
82. .
. 5.
.
81
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, ,
.
. ,
. , .
, , .
,
, .
, , ,
,
, ,
. ,
. ,
, , , , , .
.
,
.
, ,
.
, ' , ,
73.
82
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. Ancient
Geography of the Strymonic Plain and surrounding MountainsBattle of PhilippiNigritaSokho
Klisali LakesLangazaKhaivatSalonikiAntiquities, Population, &c. ALTHOUGH Stephanus
distinguishes the Siris which gave name to the Siro-Paeones, from Sirrha, they were assuredly one and
the same place, for that the Siro-Paeones inhabited the banks of the Strymon is clear from
Herodotus1, and that they did not dwell above the derveni of Demirissar may also be inferred from the
historian, when he states, that Xerxes left a part of his sick at Siris in his retreat to the Hellespont2; for
it is not conceivable that a place could have been chosen for that purpose, so far and inconveniently
removed from the direct route of the army, as any position above the Straits of Demirissar would have
been. The same inference may be drawn from Livy, who relates that P. iEmilius Paullus, after his
victory at Pydna, received at Sirae a deputation from Perseus who had retired to Samothrace(1 Herodot.
1. 5, c. 13, 15, 98. * L. 8, c. 115. 'Liv. 1. 45, c. 4. VOL. III. P).. As Sirae is here described by Livy as a
city of the Odomantice, it seems evident that the Odomanti bordered on the Siro-Paeones, and that in
the reign of Perseus they were in possession of this city The Odomanti, therefore, probably occupied
the great mountain which extends along the northeastern side of the lower Strymonic plain from about
Meleniko and Demirissar nearly to Pangceum, their vicinity to which latter mountain is rendered
probable by their having been one of the three tribes who worked its mines, the two others having been
the Pieres and Satrae2, the former of whom dwelt on the southern side of the mountain, the latter to the
eastward of it. It was very natural that Megabyzus should have subdued the SiroPaeones, who
possessed the most fertile and exposed part of the Strymonic plain, while the Odomanti, who were
secure in a higher situation, and still more the Agrianes, who dwelt at the sources of the Strymon, were
able to avoid or resist him, as well as the Doberes, and the other Paeones of Mount Pangaeum, and
the amphibious inhabitants of the lake Prasias.
46
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
-, , . . 46.
.
. .
.
.
.
83
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION.
VOLUME VI The Fourth Century B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A.
Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford. Cambridge
University Press 1994. . 452 The recapture of Byzantium and the
Hellespontine Straits, the restoration of the Chersonese to Athenian
control and the establishment of a major league based at Eion were all
indications of a new bid, spearheaded by Athens, to maintain a foothold
on the Thracian coast (Thuc. 1.94; 98.1; Hdt. vn.106-7; Phit. Citn. 7-8;
schol. Aeschin. 11.31; Polyaen. vn.24). At the western end of the north
Aegean, the most important tribes of the lower Strymon valley the
Pierii, Bisalti and Edoni - who had been driven out of their original
homelands in lower Macedonia between the seventh and sixth
centuries, came under increasing pressure from Macedon in the reign of
Alexander I, who may even have held the Edonian stronghold,
Enneahodoi,fora short time, although our only source is pro-Macedonian
([Dem.] The Edoni succeeded in retaking it by ambush (schol. Aeschin.
11.34) and, at the nearby site of Drabescus, destroyed, with the help of
neighbouring Thracians, an Athenian force of 10,000 under the leadership
of Leagrus and Sophanes, which attempted to recolonize Enneahodoi
in 465 (Hdt. ix.75; Thuc. 1.100.3; iv.102.2; Diod. xi.70.5; xn.68.2;
Paus. 1.29.4-5). The Athenians were trying to keep Alexander I, who
already had the silver mines of Dysoron in Paeonia at his disposal (Hdt.
v. 17.2), away from the gold and silver mines, hitherto monopolized by
83
47
.
. 4.8
.
.
.
.565.4
.
.
48
.5.3
.
.
.
.
. 3,..6 .
. .
. 84
.
. 3,.5.
85.
.
86
84
. . .
-, 1993. . 33, 34. 35, 46, 50, 162, 163, 199, 207,
210. .
85 . 1975. www.protiserron.gr.
, ,
, .
: , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , .
86
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 10
, , , , . 164
. 8) . 165 ,
. 2. ,
. 166
49
Il. , 849
.
p. 33 . .
.
. 3,.48.5 .
.
.
87 .
.
. .
. 3,.5.8 .
.
.
.
. .
.
.
. .
. 3,.99.6 .
.
Il. 58 .
. .
. .
.
. .
.
. 3,..3
.
, 7,33
. 167 ,
,
. 169 ) .
87 . . . . . . .
. . 8. - .. 283-484. . .
. 25, 104. 11,
56..
50
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. 3,.3.4
.
.
. .
. . c. 93 .
. .
. .
.
. 3,.53. .
. 8889 90 .
88
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME IV Persia, Greece and
the Western Mediterranean. C. 525 tO 479 B.C. Edited by JOHN BOARDMAN F.B.A. Lincoln
Professor of Classical Archaeology and Art in the University of Oxford. N. G. L. HAMMOND
F.B.A. Professor Yimeritus of Greek University of Bristol. Cambridge University Press 1988.
. 495 If so, the inner core of the satrapy was formed by the central plain, from which routes radiated
to the lower Danube, the Black Sea coast, the Bosporus and the Aegean coast, where Doriscus at the
mouth of the Hebrus river was garrisoned c. 513 B.C. and indeed held continuously until c. 463
(vn.59.1).9 In the interior the limit of Megabazus' advance westwards was set by his failure to conquer
the Agrianes, a Paeonian tribe of the upper Strymon valley; the Doberes of the Strumitsa valley;
the Odomanti north west of Mt Pangaeum; and the Paeonians of Lake Prasias, which guarded the
approach to the Rupel pass on the Strymon (v. 16.1, retaining the text common to all codices).10 That
part of Thrace, protected on the east by the great mountains of Rila, Pirin, and Rhodope, has always
been a centre of resistance to foreign invaders
89
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
, '
. ,
, ,
.
, .
51
.
. .
.
. .
. c. 6, 8 .
.
. 3,.9.9 . 6
6 3 . .
.
. . .
.
. .
.
.
. 3,.6.9 .
. .
. . .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
.
. 3,.9.3 .
.
. p. 36 .
. .
. . .
. .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. 6.3
.
90
,
.
52
.
.
. ...6
. ;
;
. .5..6
.
.
.
. .5..5
.
...
. .5..9
.
.
53
. .6..
.
.
. ..4.3
[]
.
. a..4.
. Epit.
. a..4.6
. E.
.
. a..4.9
. E.
. E.
.
. a..34.5 . Epit.
54
91
. Epit.
. a..34.6
.
Epit.
.
. a..36 .
92
.
93
.
94
.
.
. a..38. 95
. E.
91
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 526 .
92
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. , ,
.
93
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 197 ..
,
94
. . . ......."".
, , . 4,35 , . Scotousae
Liberi. ,
(, 12, 28)
. .
95
. .
, .
. ,
.
.
. 479 .. , '
55
. Epit.
.
. a..38.5 . Epit.
. E.
.
. a..39.
. E.
. Epit.
.
. 9.5..9 .
.
.
.
.
.
, . .3.3.84
.
.
. . , ,
, .
56
. .
, . 44. .
. .
6
6 6
. .
, . ..59.3
8 6 . .
. .
6
6 6 . 8
.
, . ..59. .
.
6 6
6
6 .
.
, . ..59.3 .
. . .
VII
De legationibus 3.4 .
.
.
57
De legationibus 3.
.
.
.
De legationibus 38.3 . 3.
.
.
De legationibus 39.
.
.
.
.
De legationibus 39.6 6.
.
.
.
De legationibus 4.33
.
.
58
.
.
..5.8 .
.
.
.
.
96
.
. ..8
.
.
.
. 6 6
6 6.] v. 44
..564.6
. v. 8485 6
96
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. . ,
, ,
. .
,
. .
, ,
. , ,
.
. . ,
. ,
. , '
, ' ,
59
6
.
6
6. v. 848
.
.
.
..564.
6. v. 848
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..565.4
.
. .
97
.
.
.
97
, . 5.13.11 .
.
.
.
.
60
98.
. . .565.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
99.
. . .565.
.
.
100.
.
.
.
98
The geography of Herodotus: illustrated from modern researches and ...-books.google.com James
Talboys Wheeler London. 1854. . XXXI Siro-Paeones, Scapte Hyle, Paeones on the Strymon,
River Augites, District of Phyllis.
99
. . .
2011. . 680
,
4 . ..: , . 31.5.
100
. . .
2011.
, ,
357 .. ,
,
:
61
. . 4.45.8
.]
. v.
. v. 54
6
6. v. 55 .
.
.
. 38 .
.
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. 5. ...
.
. .
. .
. . .
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. . .
.
.
. 839. .
. pi.89.
.
.
. . .
62
. . .
. .
. .
.94. . . .
.
.
. .
.
.
.
HA 499b.3
.
.
.
.
HA 5a.
.
101.
.
HA 63a.8
.
.
.
.
101
. . . . . 1932.
45 ..
, , .
, , (, , ,
), , . ,
( , ,
, ).
63
HA 63a.9
.
.
.
.
.
Mir 83a.5
.
.
Mir 83a.6
.
.
Mir 833b.6
.
.
.
.
Mir 833b.8 .
.
.
.
.
64
Mir 84b.33
.
.
.
.
.
.6.3.5.
.
.
44
. .
.
.
. 6.3.5.4 . 44
.
. . c. 45
.
.
. 46
.
.53..
.....
.
.
66..
.
.
.
65
. .
.
Epit .95.
.
.
.
Epit .444. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
;
.
66
. ;
.
.
. 65.
.
.
. VII
De insidiis 84.8 ...
.
.
. .
.
De insidiis 3.
.
.
.
102.
.3 .
.
. . .
102
--. . -
,
67
. .
. .
.
.
.
. 8. .
.
. .
. .
. .
.
.
. 34.3 .
. .
.
. 103 .
104. .
.
.
.
. 46.4 . .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
[] .
. 458.6 .
. .
.
.
.
. .
103
. 21 2011
, , ,
, , .
104
, , ,
.
,
' 429 .. A''
ekati-e.blogspot.com/.../blog-post.
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 199 -429-
68
. .
.
.
. 5.
.
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. 5.6 .
. 105
. .
.
.
.
.
, 8.6.5 FHG I 335
[ ].
.
, ,.5.36
.
.
.
. 106
105
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. , , ,
,
, . ,
,
.
106
.
,
.
69
.
.
.
Ab excessu divi Marci ..3.
.
.
.
.
.
. 6.4..4
.
. 107
.
.
..8..4 .
.
.
. , .
, [3]
.
.
284 .. . . ,
.
107
. . .
70
.
. S59.4 ...
108
.
.
.
.
.
. .8.9.4
.
.
.
. 5..5.4
.
.
. .3
108
. . . .....
,
, .
. 2 . -. ,
, ,
, ,
,
. '. . 1860 . 69-71.
. . . " " Balkan
Studies . 6 , . 35-54 . .
71
109.
.
.
. .9..3
.
.
. 5.9..3 110
.
111
.
. 3..4.6 .
112
109
. . . ........
, . , 13 " ,
, ".
110
. . . . .
1932. 45 ..
,
.
112
(),
(), ()
, 148 ..
72
4..3.8
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
,
.
. .
.
.
, ,
, . 262 ..
( ). 267 ..
,
.
. , ,
. . 1975. www.protiserron.gr.
73
,.3.3
.
.
,6..
. .
. .
.
,348..6
.
.
.
.
Mag 84.
.
VII
De virtutibus et vitiis ..8 ... .
.
74
.
.
.96.3.
.
.
[]
.
.98..3 113
114
.
115 .
116 .
113
. . . . . 1932.
45 ..
. , ,
,
, .
,
. . ,
, .
75
.99.4.
117
.
. 3.8.8.3
.
. .
. .
. . 118
.
119.
.
. .
120
117
118
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
. ,
, - .
. , , .
, . , . .
. .
119
, . .
(, , ,
...1), (, , .
2) . .
120
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. Dio adds( .
( 155 235. . ) ),
that Philippi stood near Pangaeum and Symbolum, and that Symbolum, which was between Philippi
76
. 68.3.4.3
. Joann.
Antioch. fr. M. v. 6.
. ...3 ... vide supra. Joann.
Antioch. fr. 8 Muell. v. 6. . 5. c. , .
.
. 6.34
.
.
.
. b,5,F.68b.
. . ...
and Neapolis, was so called because it connected Pangaeum with another mountain which stretched
inland, by which description Symbolum is very clearly identified with the ridge which stretches from
Pravista to Kavala, separating the bay of Kavala from the plain of Philippi. The Pylae, therefore, could
have been no other than the pass over that mountain behind Kavala, which being the commencement of
the Sapcean straits, extending eastward from thence about twenty miles along the abrupt maritime
termination of the mountain as far as the valley of the Nestus, was in this sense a gate in the great route
of communication between Europe and Asia. Norbanus, on hearing of the movement of the enemy
upon Philippi, first evacuated that post, and soon afterwards Symbolum, from whence he retired to
Amphipolis. By the possession of Symbolum the Cassians secured a ready communication with the
sea, and at the same time obtained security for their foraging decursions in the plains Antony, having
arrived at Amphipolis, proceeded immediately to encamp in the plain at a distance of only eight stades
from the enemy, where he fortified his camp with entrenchments and redoubts, and excavated wells
which in that marshy plain produced an abundance of water. His own position was on the right,
opposite to that of Cassius. Octavianus Caesar was opposed to Brutus on the left.
77
. XVIII 5, 8
....
. ANTIGON. Hist. mir. 3
.
.
. b,5,F.. .
. .
. s.
.
. . ....
. .
. .
35. ..
.54.44 .
.
.
6
.
.
. ( p
Eur. Or. 596? q.
. 849
78
nh [
]
.
33. .
. 121 . ]
. ]
.
.
.
.
.56.3
;
. .
.
. T Hrd.
p. 59 B.
.
5
4.4889.4
.
.
.
, .
.
6.88. [ ] .
[] . ]
. [ ]
. [] . [122123] 124 .
121
Oricum or Orikos (Ancient Greek or ) was an Ancient Greek city in ...... and seized
the frontier town of Sintia in Dardania or perhaps Paionia. ... First Macedonian War. wn.com/First..
122
. http://www.e-istoria.com/. Copyright 2009-2010 www.eistoria.com. karipidis@e-istoria.com. . ,
, .
.
. , , ,
.
.
79
[] . []
. []
[] .
.
NA .3.
.
.
.
.
NA ..3
.
. .
AG 9.3.4 .
125
123
()
.
.[1] ,
, (
),[2] ,
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 192 -
-
124
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 187 . (
),
, , .
125
. .
. - , ' ; -
, ' ,
80
.
.
;
. 5.3.
.
.
.
.
.
. 5.4.9
.
.
.
.
. 5.98.4
.
.
. 4 126
.
127
.
' . '
, ' ...
126
.
127
, .
81
128
129
.
. 8.5.5
.
.
.
.54
;
.
;
.
Oracula
128
, . :
. . , , ,
(. ),
.
. (479 ..)
'
, 168 ...
(). : , ,
, . .
129
. ,
. ,
.
.
,
. "".
82
.
.
.
Breviarium ab urbe condita .5.6
.
.
.6.6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.6.9.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
83
.44.6. . ...
.
.
.
--. . -.
130
,
. ,
. , Hammond-Griffin
131.
. 5.5.3
.
. 132
130
The geography of Herodotus: illustrated from modern researches and ... -books.google.com James
Talboys Wheeler London. 1854. . 130 River Strymon. Eion. 123 ...the eastern bank of the
Strymon to mount Pangaeus.131 beyond the Strymon the Persians passed an Hellenic city called
Argilus131 It was subsequently called Amphipolis, and was one of the most important positions in
this part of Thrace.
132
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
. , ,
.
84
133
.
134
.
. 5.3
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. . .
.
. .96.3.
.
.
,
. '
, ,
' , ,
.
.
133
. - . ....
. V, 15-16 "
".
. '
, ' ' , ' ,
, ' ,
. ,
. "
.
,
." (. V .17). . . "
". . 1893. '. "
". . . 1860, . 69-71. . " "
. 73-91. ' ,
,
,
.
134
. , , . .
. 1879. . 7 ,
( )
85
135
[]
.
. .98..3 136 137
.
138 .
.
135
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, , .
, , .
, .
, , , .
,
. Amphipolis.
. .
, ,
. '
( 103).
, ,
.
, .
. 1 . .. ,
,
.
136
. 1932
. .
137
. , , . .
. 1879. . 4 ,-. 2,98-
,
138
A geographical and historical description of ancient Greece: ..., 1. John Anthony
Cramer. Oxford MDCCCXXVIII. VOL. I. Xknown only from Ptolemy, unless it occurs also in
Hierocles, under the corrupt form of , as Wesseling imagines, (p. 639.) Ancient writers speak of a river
named Pontus, in the country of the Sinti, which presented a singular phenomenon. It was said to
contain pebbles of a bright red colour, resembling hot coals; they were ignited by water being thrown
over them, and, when burning, emitted so great a stench, that no reptile could endure it. (Aristot. Mirab.
Ausc. ap. Steph. Byz. v. /-/, Theopomp. ap. Antig. Caryst. c. 151.) The modern name of this river is
Stroumnitza; it falls into the Strymon. The range of mountains which divided the Sintii from Paeonia
is called Cercine by Thucydides, who describes it as deserted, and rendered almost impassable from the
forests with which it was covered. (II. 98.) Its modern name is Tchengel Dagh.
86
. 139
. .6
. ;
;
. .5..5 .
.
.
. .5..5
.
...
[]
. .5..9
.
139
87
.
. ..4.3 .
[]
.
140
.
Epit .95.
.
.
.
.
HA 63a.9
.
.
.
.
.
Mir 83a.6
.
140
. , , . .
. 1879. . 17 ,
,
88
.
.141
. .4.
.
.
142
.
.
. 3,.3.4
.
.
6. .
. . c. 93 .
. .
. .
.
.
NA .3.
.
.
.
.
141
89
.
.6.6..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 3,.65. . . .
. . .
.
.
. .
. . .
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
6 6.
90
.
. ..8.5
.
. b,5,F.5.
.. 143
144 .
.
. 5.6 .
. .
. .
. .
. .
143
--. . -
:
144
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 501 . . 15)
,
.7, 115 . 503
. 505 ,
, , , , ,
, , , Desdevises p. 390. Ossa etait
peutetra a Sokho, ou il y a des ruines .
. .
. . . 1896. . 601
.
91
. .
. .
.
Pol 3b.
.
.
.
. 3,.65. . .
. . . .
. .
.
. . .
. .
. .
.
.
. . v. 444
.
.
.
.
6 .
. b,5,F.5.
. .
. ATHEN. IX 63 p. 4 AB
92
145
.
.
. 5.6 .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 5. . .
.
. .
. . .
. .
.
. . .
.
3b.
.
.
.
. 5. .
. .
.
.
. . .
.
.
. . .
145
--. . -. .
,
12.523
93
146
.
. 3,.65.9
.
. . . .
. . . .
. . 147
.
. . .
. .
. .
.
.
. 56. . .
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
.
146
94
. 56. .
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
.
. 63.8 .
.
.
. 63.
.
.
.
VII.
.53
148 .
148
95
149 .
[]
.
. . .5.5
.
.
.
.
149
. . . . . . .
. . 8. - . . 283-484. .
29, 39. . Later on, in the eighth century, Macedonia
seems to have formed a single military administrative division which extended from western
Macedonia to the east bank of the Hebrus. However, growing military needs made it necessary to
divide the region into the themes of the Strymon (in 809) and of Thessaloniki (in 809 or 836),
whereupon the remaining area, from the Nestus to the east bank of the Hebrus, became the theme of
Macedonia. Owing to its position, from the birth of the Byzantine state onwards Macedonia sustained
constant attacks from enemies from the north. But the invasions of the fourth to the sixth century were
transient phenomena and had no effect on the ethnological make-up of the population. The concomitant
slaughter and pillage, however, made it easier for Slav tribes to move down to the northern Balkans
after the end of the sixth century. http://www.eng.auth.gr/macedonia. . The Theme of
Strymon (Greek: ) was a Byzantine military-civilian province (theme) located in
modern Greek Macedonia, with the city of Serres as its capital. Founded probably by the mid-to-late
9th century, its history as an administrative history was chequered, being variously split up and/or
united with neighbouring themes The theme covered the region between the Strymon and Nestos
rivers, between the Rhodope mountains and the Aegean Sea. The area was strategically important. Not
only did the theme control the exits to the mountain passes from the Slav-dominated interior of the
Balkans into the coastal plains of Macedonia, but it was transversed by the great Via Egnatia highway,
which linked Byzantine-controlled Thrace with Thessalonica, the Empire's second-largest city
96
150
.
. 3,.5.6 .
6
6. .
.
. .
.
. 3,.3.5
. p. 595 .
.
. . 6
v. 98 .
. .
. .
. .
.
. . .
.
. 56.
. .
.
.
. .
. .
150
. . ,
.
. ,
.
. , .
: " , ( )
". , uqueville (Voyage dans la
Grece, . , . 103) (1602-1638),
(805-811),
.
97
.
.
Or 3.
.
.
151 152
.
.
Hist .59.
.
.
.
.
.
66
.
. .
151
. . . . .
1932. 45 ..
.
, .
152
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. .
98
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
.
. 48.
.
.
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
3 5
153
.
; .
;
.
;
.
BC 4.3.. .
.
153
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ' 347
, 346 ,
, , .
,
. ,
,
. ,
, ' , .
99
.
. .9.35
. 84.
154
.
. a..36.8 .
.
.
.
.
155 156
154
. . . ......
. , 101 " , ".
.... . V, 12-17.
155
. . . . . , .
1874. . 513 .
(42 ..)
100
. a..36.9
.
. Epit.
.
. .4.5.5
.
.
.56.
. .
. .
.
.
157
-.
. , LIv. 45. 29, manner, 7, p. 502, Leake v. 3.
P. 229, Desdevises p. 391, . 515 ,
. 516.. ,
,
. . 518
, . .
. . 2011. , .
58 , , ,
, .
.( 350 . .) , ( , (390-314),
,
.
156
. . . . . , .
1874. . 190 88 ,
47.
157
. .
. . . . 1896. . 652
. . . .
. . 655 . 657-682,
.
101
.
.
.
.
. 56.
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 6a.3
. ] . ]
. .
.
.
.
.
. 63b.
.
.
. RE Tr
.
.
. ]
. ] .
] .
. 64a. .
.
.
] . ]
. ] . ] .
] . ] .
. .
102
.
. alpha.3586.3
. . . .
. .
.
;
.
. .
.
.
.
. alpha.3586.3
. . . .
. .
.
;
.
. .
.
.
.
. 44.
. .
. . .
;
. . .
.
.
. 44.
. .
. . .
;
. . .
.
.
. 98.4 .
. . .
.
. ; ;
. .
.
. . .
103
.
. .9 . .
.
.
.
.
158. .
. 484. .
.
. .
. .
. []
. . .
. [] .
.
. 484. .
. .
.
. . []
. .
.
. []
. .
. .
.
Hist 36..4.3
.
158
. . .
2011. ,
100 840 . = 840 , . .
6.6.4. . GOW & SCHOLFIELD 1953, 211 , HUXLEY 1972,
312-313.
, .
104
.
VII .
De sententiis 5.3
.
.
.
. 3,.3.4
.
. .
.
.
.
.
. 3,.5.5 .
. . .
. . .
. .
.
.
.
. 3,..9
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
105
.
Hist ..3.
.
.
.
. 5.6..4 159
.
.
160
.
. 5.6.
.
161
159
. . . .. ,
. V, 15-16 "
".
. ' , '
' , ' ,
, ' ,
.
,
. "
.
,
." (. V .17). . . "
161
106
.
162
. ..6
.
.
.
.
.
.
Aristophanes Comic.
". . 1893. '. "
". . . 1860, . 69-71. . " "
. 73-91. ' ,
,
,
.
162
Cousinery .Voyage dans la Macedoine. Sur L Histoire, la geographie. Esprit Marie
Cousinery, Tome premier. Langlume. Imprime par autorisation du roi du 28 Septembere 1828. Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. 135, Bisaltique, Certilium, Zighna et par celui se
SerresPangee jusquua a Serres. Amphipolisvillage de Takinos. Cercine
136 : pour arrived d Amphipolis a Takinos, village qui lui donne actuellement son
nom. Makedonika: 19; 19 -books.google.com . - 1979 Le village, bti justement la rive du lac assch Takinos, se trouve 16 km vol d'oiseau au sudest de la ville de Serrs.Prs de la partie mridionale du village moderne existait un habitat byzantin,
comme le montre les ...Chambers's encyclopdia: a dictionary of universal knowledge for ...books.google.com1888 - The Lake Prasias of the Father "of History seem; to be the modern Lake
Takinos, on the Strymon or Kara-su. a river ... The fish named by Herodotus have not been identified
by naturalists; Lake Takinos abounds in carp, tench, and eels. ...De Thessalonica eiusque agro
dissertatio geographica - 82. -books.google.com Gottlieb Lukas Friedrich Tafel - 1839 ut
strymon(Struma Bulgarice) modo est numen Marmar, ab oppidi quomqn medii aeve marmario,
modoflumen Orfan, ab oppido Orfano; neque aliter veterrum lacus Cercine nunc audit Takinos, a pago
vicino Takinos. Sed de hiw alibi agam.
107
Ach 56 . .
. . .
. . ; . . .
; ;
; .
. .
;
Ach 5 . . . .
. . ; .
. . ; ;
; .
. .
;
Ach 58 . . .
. . ; . .
. ; ;
; .
. .
; .
Ach 64 .
. .
; .
.
; .
. .
;
. , 163 -.
164
163
108
.
. 630.11
. []
.
. .
.
.
. .
.
.
.
. .
. .
. 165
. .
166
.
. 2.96.3.5
.
--. . - 5
. ,
,
6 . . 5 . . .
165
166
. . , .
, . ( , , 92),
: " ."
. ,
. , ,
336 ..
. ,
, ,
.
.( , 5.). , .
109
167 []
.
.
.
. 17.17.4.2
.
.
.168
169
1.5.1.1
.
.
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr
.
, .
.
167
, .
.
.
168
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. Cavalry under Alexander the Great. During the reign of Alexander III (the Great) we
only have undisputable evidence for the existence of one Macedonian cavalry regiment: the
Companion Cavalry. The Royal Squadron was probably selected from all the Companions,18 while
the other seven squadrons were organized on a territorial basis. It took its place in the vanguard if the
regiment was marching in column or on the right if the squadrons were formed in line of battle. The
other seven squadrons would take up their position in the line according to the order of precedence of
the day (Arr. 1.14.6). We hear of the squadrons of Bottiaea, Amphipolis, Apollonia, Anthemus and the
Leugaean squadron (Arr. 1.2.5, 1.12.7, 2.9.3), but the territorial organization of the Companion
Cavalry and the appointment of local officers to command the squadrons ceased at Sittacene in 331.
Henceforward Alexander appointed officers of his own choice (Curt. 5.2.6; cf. Diod. 17.65.3). P. Juhel,
On Orderliness with Respect to the Prizes of War: The Amphipolis Regulation and the Management
of Booty in the Army of the Last Antigonids, BSA 97 (2002), pp. 40112 pls. 378.
169
. " 1".
, 7,5. 14-15 , 7,9, 13. . :
, ..
110
.
1.5.2.1
.
2.9.4.2
.
.
2.9.4.7
.
3.12.2.4
.
3.12.3.1
111
.
.
.
3.21.8.2
.
.
6.22.1.2
.
.
.
.
. 7.5.11.9
.
.
. 7a.1.36.13 .
.
170
170
.
. . . . .
1896. . 247.
,
.
112
.
. 7a.1.36.28 .
.
.
171
. 7a.1.37.2
. E.
. Epit.
.
. 7a.1.41.4
. E.
.
.
.
,
, . .
1975. www.protiserron.gr
171
.
. . . . .
1896. . 682 .
. 684-688.
113
Hymni Homerici
Dem 17
.
.
.
Aristophanes Comic.
Lys 1282-1283 . .
. 3,1.122.17 6 6.
6
6.
. Il. 133
.
. .
.
.
.
. Ep. Hom. 298, 32
.
6 6 .
Orphica
Hymni 46.2
. 1 .1
114
Cornutus Phil.
De natura deorum 58.4
. [ ]
[ ]
. [
115
Dionysiaca 21.102
.
.
Eth 347.15 .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
.
.
Photius Theol., Scr. Eccl.
Bibl 241.324b.10
6
6.
.
Scholia in Aristophanem
Scholia in ranas sch ran.216.10
. . [ fr. 280 ] 6
.6 .
. V.
. .
p. 51
.
.
116
.
. 14.1.42.27
.
.
.
.
Hesychius Lexicogr.
. ( . .
. . .
[ .
. .
. Hist.
Hist 2.96.3.4
.
[]
.
.
Hist 2.96.4.3
[]
.
.
.
Mete 350b.17
.
117
.
.
Olympiodorus Phil.
In Aristotelis meteora commentaria 109.11n .
. .
. .
. 1
.1 .
3
Hermippus Comic.
. 63.5 .
.
. .
, ,
, . 172
172
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr
118
.
.
Eth 406.14 . .
1 2 . . .
. .
. .
. .
[] .
.
. 3,1.130.24
.
.
6. .
. . c. 93 .
. .
96 .
. .
.
Hist 2.96.3.3 .
.
[]
.
Hist 2.96.3.5
.
[]
.
.
119
Hist 2.97.2.2
.
.
Athenaeus Soph.
. 2.82.13
.3
3
.3
. fr. 92 Pr 3
.3 3
. 3,1.92.34
.
.
.
. .
.
c. 102 . . .
.
.
. 3,1.316.5
. 6 6 Il. 3
. .
.
.
. . 12 p. 525
120
.
. . .
.
. 90.13 .
. .
.
.
. .
.
. .
. 463.3
. .
. . .
.
[] . .
. .
. .
.
. 3.110.25
6 [
.] 6
6. v. 463-8
6
.
6 .
. 3.111.1
.] 6
6. v. 463-8
6 6
. 6 6
6
6 6 6. v.
467
121
. (
A
[]
.
. 10.466.1 []
. [] . []
. [] . []
. [] . []
. [] . [ ]
. []
. 1437.1 ;
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. 10.466 2152
.
.
122
.
. 10.467
.
.
.
-
,
. . 513 ..
,
. ,
( ),
. 497 ..
, .
,
, .
173 424 ..
, ,
,
.
.
.
173
123
4.107.3.1
.
.
.
5.6.4.3
.
.
.
.
5.10.9.4 174
. []
174
made an unsuccessful attack on Potidaea. The truce was prolonged until August
(Thuc.V. 1: cf. p. 113).When it finally lapsed, Cleon had himself sent to the north-east
with a substantial force. He recovered Torone, on the middle prong of Chalcidice (a
creditable achievement), and went to Eon. Brasidas was based in Amphipolis.
When the Athenian army grew impatient, Cleon took it out to reconnoitre. Brasidas
saw the Athenians, and when they turned back towards Eon he attacked and
defeated them; Brasidas and Cleon were both killed. Thucydides exaggerates the
heroism of Brasidas and the cowardice of Cleon, but it does seem that the Athenians
were caught in a trap which they ought to have avoided. Amphipolis adopted
Brasidas in place of the Athenian Hagnon as its founding hero, and Athens was never
to recover it; the surviving Athenians sailed home (V. 23, 611). At the end of the
summer the Spartans again sent reinforcements to the north-east, but the Thessalians
obstructed them, and on hearing of Brasidas death they turned back (V. 1213).
124
.
5.10.9.7
.
.
.
. 463.14 . .
. .
.
. 175
. .
.
. .
. 463.15 . .
. .
. 176
. .
. .
.
.
175
125
. 463.15 . .
. .
.
. .
. .
.
.
. 463.16 .
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 1731.6 .
.
.
.
.
. .
.
reliquiae 42.1 . . .
. . . . .
. .
Parthenius Myth.
126
. et tituli 659.1
. . .
. .
.
.
. . p.
494 .
.
.
. . .
. .
.
.
. . p.
494 .
.
. .
. 177
177
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. 1 V.
Hunter, Tab. 18. IV. To the same cause may be attributed the existence of the coins of Ossa, an
otherwise obscure town of Bisaltia(PtoIemy, 1. 3, c. 13.) at a time when the royal coinage was very
insignificant. When the kings had made themselves masters of Bisaltia and the other argentiferous
districts, the silver coinage still bore a great resemblance to the autonomous money, though it was
naturally inscribed only with the name of the monarch. At the time when the Bisaltic coins were struck,
the mines of Pangaeum were chiefly in the hands of the Thasii, who had also silver mines of their
own, and hence the beauty and abundance of the early money of Thasus. The other people who,
according to Herodotus, worked the mines of Pangaeum, were the Pieres and Odomanti, but
particularly the Satrae, who bordered on the mountain. None of their money has reached us, but to the
Pangaean silver mines we may trace a large toin of Geta, king of the Edoni, lately published by Mr.
Millingen, the characters on which perfectly agree with the time when the Edoni possessed Drabescus
and the Nine Ways, and had therefore the power of working some of the mines. It is to some unknown
places or people in the same argentiferous districts, that we may attribute a class of coins inscribed
OPPHSKION or OPHSKIQN, and TETAION not AETAIflN, as has been supposed by a mistake of the
ancient form of the Gamma for a A, which would refer these coins to Lete of Mygdonia. The
resemblance of the more ancient coins of the Orescii to those of Geta, king of the Edoni is very
remarkable. The smaller and more modern, inscribed OPHSKiaN, have the same type as those of the
TETAION, namely, a satyr carrying ofF a nymph. They seem therefore all to belong to Edonis or its
vicinity; the Satyrs were the Satraj and refer to the worship of Bacchus in the mountains Pangaeum
and Orbelus. (Herodot. 1. 7, c. Ill, v. 970.Eurip.
127
5.11.6
.
.
.
5.23.6 .
.
5.24.3 178
.
.
.
.
.
178
128
1795.124.9 180
.
.
. 5.126.2
.
.
179
. 45 The war against Thasos occupied three years (Thuc. 1.101.3), probably
three archontic years. Thucydides (iv.102.3) dates the colony whose
settlers were destroyed at Drabescus thirty-two years after the failure of
Aristagoras in Thrace (Hdt. v. 124-6), and the successful foundations of
Amphipolis in the twenty-ninth year after the unsuccessful colony; the
Aeschines scholiast dates the unsuccessful colony to the archonship of
Lysicrates (45 3/2) and the successful to 437/6 (the latter confirmed by a
date-table entry in Diod. xn.32.3). . . 45 38 The most striking feature of
Badian 1988(8 1) is the argument that the scholiast's date is correct and the disaster at
Drabescus occurred in 453/2, long after the foundation of the colony.
129
.
. us Siculus Hist.
Bibliotheca historica 12.68.4.4
.
.
.
Hecataeus Milesius Hist.
. 1a,1,T.6.4
3
3 3 3. -V 124
... sc.
...
. 125
.
.
. 7a.1.33.17
.
181 182
183.
181
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 506 . 508
182
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. , ,
. .
183
130
. Epit.
.
BC 4.13.105.15 .
.
. 90.15 .
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
.
road to the Harpessus followed for a considerable distance the valley of the Kurutjai, which from
Herodotus seems to have been anciently called Travus From the valley of the Harpessus to Philippi, the
route of Cassius was nearly in the modern track from Adrianople to Serres, which from the sources of
the Arda crosses the valley of the Nestus and enters the plain of Philippi at Dhrama. When Philippi was
the chief city in the plain, the road led probably more directly upon that point. Appian thus describes
Philippi and the position on which Cassius and Brutus encamped. The city, he says, was called Datus
before the time of Philip, and still earlier Crenides, from numerous sources around the site, which
formed a river and a marsh. It was situated on a steep hill, bordered to the northward by the forests
through which the Cassian army approached,to the south, by a marsh, beyond which was the sea,
to the east by the passes of the Sapaei and Corpili, and to the west by the great plains of Myrcinus.
Drabescus, and the Strymon, which were 350 stades in length. Not far from the hill of Philippi was
that of Bacchus, which contained the gold mines called Asyla, and eighteen stades from the town were
two other heights eight stades asunder, on the northern of which Brutus placed his camp, and on the
southern Cassius: that of Brutus was protected on the right by rocky hills, and the left of the camp of
Cassius by a marsh. The river Gangas, or Gangites, flowed along the front, and the sea was in the rear.
The camps of the two leaders, although separate, were inclosed within a common entrenchment, and
midway between them was the pass which led like a gate from Europe into Asia 1. The triremes were
at Neapolis, seventy stades distant, and the magazines of provisions in the island of Thasus distant 100
stades.
131
Hesychius Lexicogr.
. ( AS
524 2. Macc. 11,8 AS
213 n . .
. Eur. Phoen. 1490 ASvgn
. .
184
.
. 7a.1.33.17
.
.
1 1 2 1
.2 Epit.
. 7a.1.33.19
.
.
. Epit.
. 7a.1.36.3
. E.
.
.
. .
184
. . -, 1993.. 199.
. . .
, , 7 , 1, 36, 3.
70 .
132
. 185.
. 7a.1.36.5
.
.
. .
.
.
. 7a.1.36.8 .
.
.
.
.
..
. 78.15.3.3
185
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. 1 V.
Hunter, Tab. 18. IV. To the same cause may be attributed the existence of the coins of Ossa, an
otherwise obscure town of Bisaltia(PtoIemy, 1. 3, c. 13.) at a time when the royal coinage was very
insignificant. When the kings had made themselves masters of Bisaltia and the other argentiferous
districts, the silver coinage still bore a great resemblance to the autonomous money, though it was
naturally inscribed only with the name of the monarch. At the time when the Bisaltic coins were struck,
the mines of Pangaeum were chiefly in the hands of the Thasii, who had also silver mines of their
own, and hence the beauty and abundance of the early money of Thasus. The other people who,
according to Herodotus, worked the mines of Pangaeum, were the Pieres and Odomanti, but
particularly the Satrae, who bordered on the mountain. None of their money has reached us, but to the
Pangaean silver mines we may trace a large toin of Geta, king of the Edoni, lately published by Mr.
Millingen, the characters on which perfectly agree with the time when the Edoni possessed Drabescus
and the Nine Ways, and had therefore the power of working some of the mines. It is to some unknown
places or people in the same argentiferous districts, that we may attribute a class of coins inscribed
OPPHSKION or OPHSKIQN, and TETAION not AETAIN, as has been supposed by a mistake of
the ancient form of the Gamma for a A, which would refer these coins to Lete of Mygdonia. The
resemblance of the more ancient coins of the Orescii to those of Geta, king of the Edoni is very
remarkable. The smaller and more modern, inscribed OPHSKIAN, have the same type as those of the
TETAION, namely, a satyr carrying ofF a nymph. They seem therefore all to belong to Edonis or its
vicinity; the Satyrs were the Satraj and refer to the worship of Bacchus in the mountains Pangaeum
and Orbelus. (Herodot. 1. 7, c. Ill, v. 970.Eurip.
133
.
. .
;
.
.
. 2a,70,F.37.3 . s. ...
. -s.
.
3 3.
3 . 3
3 . 3
3 . 3 115 F 43.
III. -s.
...
. 2a,70,F.37.4 . s. ...
. -s.
.
3 3.
3 . 3
3 . 3
3 . 3 115 F 43.
III. -s.
...
. 2a,70,F.37.5 . -s.
.
3 3.
3 . 3
3 . 3
3 . 3 115 F 43.
III. -s.
...
50, ... .
134
. 2b,115,F.43.3
. -s.
3 3.
. .
70 F 37
. .
III.
. 2b,115,F.43.4
. -s.
3
3.
. .
70 F 37 .
.
III. .
. 2b,115,F.43.5 . -s.
3 3.
. .
70 F 37
. .
III.
. .
Philochorus Hist.
. 3b,328,F.44.3 F 146
Bgk4 . . s.v.
3 3.
. .
70 F 37
. 115 F 43.
.
. s.v.
F 74 Tur ...
135
. 3b,328,F.44.4 F 146
Bgk4 . . s.v.
3 3.
. .
70 F 37
. 115 F 43.
.
. s.v.
F 74 Tur ...
. 3b,328,F.44.5 F 146
Bgk4 . . s.v.
3 3.
. .
70 F 37
. 115 F 43.
.
. s.v.
F 74 Tur ...
De morbis popularibus 5.1.95.1
.
.
.
.
De morbis popularibus 7.1.121.1
.
. .
.
Lex 84.15
136
.
.
. .
.
.
.
Lex 84.16
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
Lex 84.17 .
.
. .
.
.
.
Comica Adespota.
. incertorum poetarum 764.1
. . .
. . . .
.
.
.
Eth 221.3 1 2.
. .
.
. . ....
. . .
. .
.
.
137
. delta.90.1
.
.
.
.
; . .
.
.
. delta.90.3 .
.
.
; . .
.
. .
.
Ephorus Hist.
. 2a,70,F.37.1 . s. ...
. -s.
.
3.
3 3
3 3
3 115 F 43.
III. -s.
...
. 2a,70,F.37.2 . s. ...
. -s.
.
3 3.
3 3
3 3 3
3 115 F 43.
138
III. -s.
...
.
BC 4.13.105.4
.
.
.
.
139
70 F 37
115 F 43.
. .
s.v. F74 Tur ...
. 3b,328,F.44.2 F146
Bgk4 . . s.v.
3 3.
70 F 37
115 F 43.
. .
s.v. F74 Tur ...
. 84.13
.
.
.
. 84.14
.
.
.
. 91.1
.
.
140
; . .
.
. .
.
.
. 92.1
.
;
. .
. .
.
. .
.
. 92.2 .
; . .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. 90.12
.
.
.
. .
.
141
186
2002.
.
,
,
,
. -
- = , - .
- , .
Leake
.
Perrot ,
= =
.
, .
.
Hoffman Forbiger. Pauly
, Desdevisses du Dezert, ,
-, ,
-, .
,
, ,
Tafel :
-
( ).
, .
. 238.2 .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
186
. . -, 1993. . 92.
. 464-465 ..
. 198 , ( 100)
. .
. 466 ..
, TLG
. 1.100.3.1-1.101.1.1 1.100.3
[ ] 1.101.1
142
.
. 12.68.2.6
.
187 .
.
.
. 7a.1.33.17
.
188
.
1 1 2
1 .2 Epit.
187
1267.Pomp. Mela, 1. 2, c. 2,) concerning which Apollodorus (1. 3, c. 5.) has left us
some traditions, showing the connexion between the kings of the Edoni and the fables
of Bacchus and the Satyrs. The Orescii probably inhabited the mountains above
Drabescus, in which was the oracle of Bacchus, one of whose epithets was.--(Anthol.
vol. iii. p. 217, Jac.) It is remarkable, with a general reference to the silver coins of
Macedonia and Thrace, how large a portion of them belonged to places in the vicinity
of silver mines. To those just mentioned, may be added the coins of Acanthus,
Neapolis, Tragilus, Ossa, Bisaltia, Philippi, and those inscribed, which were struck at
Amphipolis after the Roman conquest. In like manner, we trace the gold coins of
Philip to his extensive elaboration of the mines of Crenides. 1 Appian de B. C. 1. 4,
c. 101, et seq. Dion. Cass. 1.47, c. 1, et seq. Plutarch, in Brut
143
.
. 3,1.153.28 .
.
. .
. c. 60, 8 .
.
c. 100 .
.
6
.
BC 4.13.105.16
.
.
. 1.29.4.8
.
.
.
. 1.100189.3.6
189
What we are left with is pieces of information that give the impression that his
Macedonia was a stable country and attractive to refugees. About 468 the king
accepted the inhabitants of Mycenae, who had been forced by Argos to leave their
country (Paus. 7.25.6). We also know that about 465 Themistocles, running from the
144
[ ]
.
.
. 4.102.3.1 190
.
.
Athenians, found shelter in Pydna, which belonged to Alexander, from where he set
off to Persia, hiding his identity (Thuc. 1.137.1, Plut., Themistocles 25.2). This fact
does not prove that Alexander had a hostile attitude towards Athens and helped a
fugitive. At the same time what must have been a serious problem in his relations with
the Athenians was their ambitions to control the estuary of the Strymon (the area near
the silver mines on Mount Dysoron), a source of great income for Alexander. In 465
Athenian colonists tried to settle in Ennea Hodoi, where Amphipolis later stood.
These territories did not belong to Alexander, and the settlers opponents were the
local Edonians, supported by other Thracians. The Athenians supposedly also planned
to capture Macedonian territories, which, however, they failed to do. For this reason,
in 462 Cimon was accused of having been bribed by Alexander (Thuc. 1.100.3, Plut.,
Cimon 14.2).42.
190
145
146
192
.
. 4.102.3.7
193 .
194
[ ]
.
. 4.103.2.2195
.
.
192
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 528 , - 539,
. 540 -.
195
147
.
.
. 4.103.5.6
.
.
196. 4.104.4.7 197
.
198
.
. 4.104.5.3
.
196
,
. . . 1837. .
. . 104.
197
148
199 .
. 4.105.1.6
.
. 4.106.4.1
.
.
.
. 4.107.3.1
.
.
.
. 4.108.1.1 200
199
. . . . . . .
. . 8. - .. 283-484.
. 257,259-260-261. 5, 11, 66.
200 THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 145. The first,
the foundation of Amphipolis, has a clear date, the archonyear 437/6 (Diod. xn.32.2; Schol. Aeschin.
n.31, cf. Thuc. iv. 102.3). Athenian eyes had long been fixed on the area where the river Strymon
149
.
.
. 4.108.3.2
[] . .
.
.
. 4.109.1.3
.
.
.
. 4.132.3.7 201..
.
came down to the sea in a great bend. Now, after the failures of 476 (pp. 412) and 465 (p. 44), the
dream became a reality. Hagnon, who had already served in the Samian War, drove out the Edonians,
built a wall from river to river and founded a great city. The Strymon crossing was in itself worth
controlling, and by 424 the city was already a vital interest for Athens (Thuc. iv. 108.1), for its supplies
of ship timber and its financial resources (that is, principally, the gold mines of Mt Pangaeum).
Ten thousand settlers had been thought appropriate in 465, and we should think of a similar number
now, but we have very little information about how they were made up. The Athenian element was not
large (Thuc. iv. 106.1), and otherwise we only hear specifically of settlers from Argilus (Thuc.
iv.103.3);111 the dialect was the Euboean form of Ionic (Tod, GHI 150), and doubtless Chalcidians
from Thrace were strongly represented. We have next to no information about the constitution.
201
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. He must have known that there would be a price to pay because the Athenians were
militarily active in the region, and he had already promised to help them in an upcoming campaign
against Chalcidian cities and Amphipolis (Thuc. 4.129.2, 132.1, 5.83.4, IG 13 370). Yet many of his
Chalcidian neighbors were allies of Athens foes, and he apparently regarded the new Spartan- Argive
alliance as a winning combination. Thucydides says that Perdiccas was inclined to break with Athens
on account of his ties to Argos, the homeland of the mythical founder of the Argead dynasty (5.80.2).
If the king was torn between fear of Athens and pressures and the temptation to join
150
.
.
. 5.3.6.3
.
.
.
.
.
. 5.6.1.2
.
.
.
. 5.6.3.4
.
.
. 5.6.3.6 .
.
151
.
. 5.6.4.4
.
.
.
.
. 5.7.1.1
.
.
.
.
. 5.7.4.2
.
.
.
. 5.8.2.1
.
.
.
. 5.9.7.3
152
.
.
. 5.11.1.4 .
.
. 5.11.3.3 .
.
.
.
. 5.14.1.1
.
.
. 5.14.1.5 .
153
. 5.16.1.1
.
.
. 5.18.5.2
.
.
.
.
.
. 5.21.1.5
.
.
. 5.26.5.4 202
202
. . .
. [ ). 2005
. 424 . .
, ,
, , ,
: " , ,
, " (5.26.5). ,
, .
411 .. , ,
.
154
.
.
. 5.35.3.1
.
.
. 5.35.5.4
.
.
. 5.46.2.3
.
.
.
. 5.83.4.5 203 .
203
155
.
.
. 7.9.1.2
.
.
Arch 53.2 .
.
De pac 22.4
.
.
204
.
1.3
.
.
204
156
2.2
.
.
5.2
6.7
.
.
. 25.1 .
. . .
. .
. . .
.
. . h. l.
. .
.
. 4.3.1.2
.
. .
157
.
;
. 1.10.7.5
.
.
.
. 4.6.1.3
.
.
.
. 205
2..6
.
.
.
. 28.e.2
.
205
158
206
.
.
. 67.4
. .
.
207
.
.
. .
208
003 27.1 . VIII. 1 .
. ...
. LIBER XII. . . ...
209
.
206
207
Amphipolis. The new settlement took the name of Amphipolis (literally, "around the city"), a name
which is the subject of much debates about lexicography. Thucydides claims the name comes from the
fact that the Strymon flows "around the city" on two sides;[4] however a note in the Suda (also given in
the lexicon of Photius) offers a different explanation apparently given by Marsyas, son of Periander:
that a large proportion of the population lived "around the city". However, a more probable explanation
is the one given by Julius Pollux: that the name indicates the vicinity of an isthmus. Furthermore, the
Etymologicum Genuinum gives the following definition: a city of the Athenians or of Thrace, which
was once called Nine Routes, (so named) because it is encircled and surrounded by the Strymon river.
This description corresponds to the actual site of the city (see adjacent map), and to the description of
Thucydides.
208
4
.., .
.
, .
.
' ,
355 ...
209
http://www.enneaodoi.gr.
, ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
159
: 4 ..
.
. 5.4
.
.
... 8.5
.
.
.
. 8.8
.
.
. 12.7
.
;
, " "
....
160
2. 6.7
[]
2. 28.5
.
;
.
.
. 12.6 .
.
Pax 10.5
.
161
Pax 14.6 .
.
Pax 25.2 .
.
; .
.
2 17.6 ...
. .
.
.
.
2 30.6
.
.
. 7 24.1 .
.
162
.
. 7 24.5
.
.
.
. 7 26.2
.
.
.
. 7 26.5
.
.
.
..
. 7 27.3
.
.
.
. 7 28.2 .
.
163
.
. 8 66.2
.
.
4. 12.6 .
[]
.
.
4. 68.1
.
.
. 12 .5 .
.
.
164
. 13 23.4
.
;
.
Cor 69.7
.
. . ;
.
. 19 22.5
.
3
.
.
.
. 19 137.9 ... ;
.
[]
.
.
. 19 2.4
165
.
. 19 253.2 .
. ;
.
.
. 19 253.8
. ;
.
.
3
.3
.
. 19 326.2
[] []
.
.
.
. 23 14.2 .
166
.
.
. 23 111.8
.
.
.
. Or23 116.2
[]
. .
.
. 23 149.4 .
.
.
. 23 149.5
.
.
. 23 149.8
167
.
.
. 23 150.2
.
.
.
23 150.5
.
.
.
. 23 150.9
.
.
.
..
. 23 152.5 . . .
.
168
.
. 23 154.2
.
.
. 23 199.5
.
;
.
. 23 8.9
.
;
.
210.
. 21.8
210
. . .
2011. . . 31.( , (390-314).
-
, . P.J. RHODES, A History of the Classical World, 478-323 B.C.,
20102, 272 .. . History of Macedonia , passim HESKEL 1997,
passim NIEBERGAL 2004, passim.
169
.
. 21.11
.
.
. 27.7
211 212 213
.
. 27.8
214
.
. 29.8
.
.
211
.
, .
213
, .
214
. .
212
170
.
.
29.11
.
.
.
32.4
.
.
.
.
33.7
.
.
.
43.9
6.
.
.
.
.
48.6
171
.
52.6
.
. .
. 6
6
.
70.3
.
.
.
72.4
.
. 54.7
.
.
172
Mir 841b.15
.
.
.
. 1303b.2
.
.
. 1306a.2
.
. 24.1 .
.
.
.
. 9.336.1 ...
.
. .
173
.
. 2a,72,T.1.2 SUID.
T 8 . ; 27.
STRAB. XIII 1, 19 .... .... DIOG.
LAERT. II 3 sc.
VI,
. . . XV 76, 4
... .....
. 2a,72,F.41.109
.
.
. 21
;
. Londinensia A.7.4.3 []
[] [] .
[]
[] []
[] [ ] []
[ ] [ ] [
] [] [] [ ]
[] []
. 2a,66,F.1.42
. 4
174
[ ]
[ ] [
] [ ]
[] [ ] []
.
. 2b,115,F.30a.7 II 6
[] .
.
.
. 2b,115,F.30b.4
.6 SCHOL.
DEMOSTH. II 6 p. 85, 19 Ddf. ;
.
.
. ATHEN. XII 42 p. 531 E-532 A
. 2b,115,F.42.1
.6
. s.
XVIII 295.
. -s. ...
. -s. 215
.
Wikipedia. Datos (Ancient Greek: ) was an ancient Greek city[1] located in Thrace , located
in the region between the river Strymon and the river Nestos.It was founded by colonists from Thasos
at 360 BC.Datos was founded with the help and support of the Athenian exiled orator,
Kallistratos[2].Datos was close to Mount Pangaion with its rich gold veins and to another Thasian
colony, Krenides.The two colonies provoked the Thracians but at the same time gave Phillip II of
Macedon the justification for penetrating the area and founding Philippi in 356 BC.
215
175
. 2b,115,F.51.2 ...
. . s. ...
72 F 7. -s. ......
. DIDYM. zu Demosth. col. XII 43
sc.
135-136 F 16 . ...
. 2b,115,F.166.6 ...
[
]
.
. 2b,115,F.237a.3 ...
.6 ATHEN. III 12 p. 77 D E
. . .
.
. 2b,115,F.248.14 ... .
6 6 .
.
.
.
003 .2 .
176
,
(347 ..). , ,
361 .. ,
, , .
217
. . .
2011. ,
. ,
, , ,
: , ( )
,
177
.
. 9.15 .
.
. 12.2
.
V 7
V 33
V 149
: 3 ..
218
.
, , , .
() , ,
, .
, .
, ,
.
,
,
218
178
. 4.2
.
.
.
. 7.502.2
. 11
. 11
.
. 29.6.1.3
.
. 769.1 in . A 129.
219
etc. . . 405.
1. Il.
E 906 . in
Hom. . 441.
etc. Magn. s. v.
.
.
219
179
. 75.8
.
.
.
.
.
. . Demosthenes XXVIII:
.
: 2 ..
003 98-102.7
.
... ...
.
. . 51.1
. conject. Strabo, 134
: 1 ..
220.
220
180
. 11.70.5.2
.
.
12.32.3.5
.
.
.
12.68.1.2
.
.
.
12.68.3.6 .
.
.
12.68.5.5
.
expansion beyond Thessaly and Macedonia. While Sparta clearly was the Thebans main concern they
did not entirely ignore other areas in the mainland. They had been active in the north, chiefly under
Pelopidas, though he was killed in battle in 364 (Diodoros 15.80.16).
181
.
.
.
12.73.3.10
.
.
.
12.74.1.2
.
.
.
16.p.1.13
. .
. .
. . . .
. .
.
16.3.3.6 221 .
221
182
.
.
16.4.2.1
.
.
.
.
16.8.2.1
.
.
17.64.5.4
.
(= ,
.
...)
.
.
18.4.5.3222
222
183
.
.
19.11.3.3 .
.
.
19.50.3.6
.
.
.
19.50.7.1
.
.
.
statement that Paionian women sacrificed to Artemis Basileia (4.33). Alexander took steps to enrich the
cult of Artemis at Ephesus during his time in that city (Arr. 1.17.10) and seems to have had it in mind
to build a massive temple to Artemis Tauropolos (Worshipped at Tauros or Hunter of Bulls) at
Amphipolis (Diod. 18.4.5). Artemis was most frequently depicted as a huntress and, like Heracles
Cynagidas, served as a tutelary deity in the coming of age process, though for young girls entering the
process rather than young men finishing it. A related practice was the worship of Artemis Eileithyia
(the goddess of childbirth) at Dium.
184
19.50.8.4
.
.
.
19.52.4.8
.
31.8.8.18
.
.
.
.
32.15.2.8
. ...
.
. . .
. vv 650 .
185
.
.
Nicomedem regem, vv 656
.
.
.
12.22
.
.
.
41.21
.
3
. 2.5.40.2 ...
.
. 7a.1.35.30
.
186
. E.
.
. 7a.1.36.10
. 1 .
.
.
. 7a.1.36.18
223.
.
.
. 7a.1.48.16
224 .
223
. . . . .
1932. 45 ..
, , .
. ,
, ,
() , , , .
224
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. Following the losses suffered in the battle, Philip V was only able to raise 500 cavalry
to oppose the Dardanian invasion that followed the defeat (Livy 33.19.3). Thanks to the efforts Philip
V made afterwards, the strength of the Macedonian cavalry during the Third Macedonian War was
3,000 men: the highest for the whole Antigonid period for which we have good records. A law from
Amphipolis concerning the ephebarchos dating from the Roman period (24/3) contains information on
the training carried out in the gymnasia in Amphipolis, including both riding and throwing the javelin
from horseback. A horse-breaker was attached to the service of the epheboi. It would probably be
unsound to believe that this cavalry training was given to all epheboi in the gymnasia in all the cities of
Antigonid Macedonia. The regulations are specific to Amphipolis, and date to a period long after,
187
.
.
196.6
.
.
.
.
.
. 9.2 []
[] []
[] .
[]
003 32.17
.
.
.
when ephebic service had ceased to be universal and compulsory but had become restricted to the rich
elite of the citizenry.
188
: .. 1
.
. 25.5.3
.
. 23.9.2
.
.
.
.
. 24.3.2
.
.
.225 8.2.5 226
.3 ;
225
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 17 Thucydides,2
son of Olorus of the deme Halimous, born perhaps about 460, was related in some way to Cimon and to
Thucydides son of Melesias.3 Like Cimon, he had Thracian connexions, as is indicated by his father's
name (cf. Hdt. vi.39.3) and his own statement (iv.105.1) that he had possessions in the gold mines east
of the river Strymon which gave him great influence with the mainlanders of that area. Of his early
life we know nothing, but can readily infer his total immersion in the intellectual excitement which the
sophists were bringing to Athens.4 His military career begins and ends for us with his tenure of the
generalship in 424/3 (p. 427 below). After his failure at Amphipolis he was in exile from Athens for
twenty years (v.26.5), and this gave him the opportunity to watch events, not less from the
Peloponnesian side; he says nothing of his ability to watch Athens.
226
A History of the Classical Greek World. 478323 BC. P. J. Rhodes 2006 by P. J. Rhodes. 60
. Thucydides gives a catalogue of episodes in the early history of the League (I.
189
;
.
. 9.4.2 . .
.
.
. 10.3.9
.
.
. 74.1.1
.
.
98101). Under the command of Cimon (son of the Miltiades who commanded at Marathon in 490)
they captured from the Persians Eon, on the Thracian coast at the mouth of the River Strymon.The
area was important for silver and for ship-building timber, and Plutarch adds the information that Eon
was settled as an Athenian colony (Cim. 7. iii). They captured and the Athenians
settled the north Aegean island of Scyros, occupied by a non-Greek people
called Dolopians, and situated on the grain route from the Black Sea and the
Hellespont to Athens and Plutarch adds that in response to an oracle Cimon
found and brought back to Athens what were said to be the bones of the hero
Theseus (Thes. 36. iiii, Cim. 8. iiivii).
190
. 349.D.4
.
.
.
. 677.E.10
.
.
844.C.7
.
.
Acta 17.1.1 .. .
.
227
.
227
191
. 1.1.5.2
.
.
.
. 1.2.5.9
.
.
. 1.11.3.7
. 228
.
.
.
. 3.16.4.6 .
.
.
.
228
192
. 7.18.1.2
. .
. 18.4.1
.
[ ]
.
. 18.11.1
.
.
.
.
298.2
.
4.13.104.30
.
193
.
4.13.105.24
.
.
.
4.14.107.3
.
4.14.107.17
.
.
.
91.1
. .
.
.
. 2.19.2 .]
194
.
.
. ;
.
.
. 28.7
. .
. 229
.
.
. 28.10
.
. .
.
.
. 115.2
. .
[] .
.
. .
229
195
.
.
. 149.9 .
.
. 230
.
.
.
. 158.12
. .
.
.
. .
.
.
. 291.2
.
.
. .
.
14.2.4
.
230
.
. 1881 . . 5. . ,
, ,
.
196
. 3.12.18 II 96 K
.
.
. 5.55.6
. fr. 3 Tur 3
. apol. p. 28 e
.
. .
. 5.55.11
.
. .
V 2 .
. ;
. 13.83.21 .
[]
.
.
.... .
197
.
. 2,1.5.4
.
.
.
.
.
. 2,1.81.7
.
.
.
.
.
. osophistae 2,1.81.9
.
.
.
;
;
198
35.18
.
.
.
44.11
.
.
.
.
38.7
.
. 3,1.32.12 . .
.
.
Callim. Del. 26 . . .
.
. 3,1.92.33 .
.
199
.
.
. .
.
c. 102 . . .
.
.
. 3,1.92.34
.
.
. .
.
.
c. 102 .
. . .
.
. 3,1.130.25
.
6. .
. . c. 93 .
. .
96 .
. .
.
.
. 3,1.189.5
6 6. .
.
.
.
.
.
200
.
.
. 3,1.232.12
. 3,1.277.13
6.
. p. 516 . .
.
. 6 6.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
. 3,1.316.6
. 6 Il. 3
. .
.
.
. .
. .
. .
.
.
. Choer. 57, 7
, . 44, 27
. .
.
201
168231
6 6
. 185.14
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
231
202
.
.
.
. 1.15.8.3
.
.
263 Civitas Heracleotarum Heracleia Sintica or the Ancient City at ...C IVITAS
H ERACLEOTARUM . eracleia Sintica or the Ancient City at the Village of Rupite (Bulgaria). The
reason for this scientific announcement is a newly discovered epigraphic monument, from the
village of Rupite (old name Sirbanovo, Muletarovo) near the town of Petrich, Bulgaria. The territory of
this village is the location of one of the most significant archaeological sites in the valley of the Middle
Strouma River. The archaeological excavations of the ancient city, which had existed in this area, reveal
the presence of material mainly from the Hellenistic, Roman and the late antiquity periods. They also
permit the conclusion that the city reached its largest size during the Hellenistic Period, and suggest that
while this same ensemble was supposedly located in the area of the Sintoi, it certainly existed on the
border between the Sintoi and Maidoi (Domaradski 2001, 17, 74-75). Moreover, the archaeological
excavations contribute to the better understanding of the importance of some of the surrounding smaller
monuments of civil or religious nature, including the necropolises. Modern historiography offers three
hypotheses in regard to this particular city's name: Petra, which was located in the tribal lands of the
Maidoi (Milchev 1959, 362), the Orthopolis colony in Macedonian Parorbelia (Gerov 1961, 206) and
Tristolos in the lands of the Sintoi (Papazoglou 1988, 371-376). 194.141.99.213/logos/GetResource?id..
233
. .
,
.
.
, , , ,
. , ,
.
, .
, .
6 .
,
. ,
.
(437 ..),
. 476-356 ..
234
()
203
235
236
. 8.12.5.1
237
. .66.4.1
.
. V. 58 p. 610.
[]
. V. 59 p. 613.
. 298.19 .
, .
, .
' . ,
, "", . ,
'
, .
235
GAZOROS (Ancient city) SERRES . Gasorus. Gazorus (Gasoros, Ptol. iii. 13. 31; Gazoros,
Steph. B.) A town of the Edoni in Macedonia, and, probably, the same place as the Graepo of the
Peutinger Table. Gasorus, therefore, probably stood between Tragilus and Euporia, towards the NW.
end of Mons Pangaeus. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Per...- --Dictionary of Greek
and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD).
236
23-12-2011. 4 . ( ,
), ,
,
237
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. Rhes. et Hecub. v. 1267.Pomp. Mela, 1. 2, c.
2,) concerning which Apollodorus (1. 3, c. 5.) has left us some traditions, showing the connexion
between the kings of the Edoni and the fables of Bacchus and the Satyrs. The Orescii probably
inhabited the mountains above Drabescus, in which was the oracle of Bacchus, one of whose epithets
was.--(Anthol. vol. iii. p. 217, Jac.) It is remarkable, with a general reference to the silver coins of
Macedonia and Thrace, how large a portion of them belonged to places in the vicinity of silver mines.
To those just mentioned, may be added the coins of Acanthus, Neapolis, Tragilus, Ossa, Bisaltia,
Philippi, and those inscribed, which were struck at Amphipolis after the Roman conquest. In like
manner, we trace the gold coins of Philip to his extensive elaboration of the mines of Crenides. 1
Appian de B. C. 1. 4, c. 101, et seq. Dion. Cass. 1.47, c. 1, et seq. Plutarch, in Brut
204
.
.
.
. 298.25
.
.
.
.
.
. 299.11
.
.
.
..
.
. 1.10.2.1
.
. 1.29.13.9
.
205
.
- III. [3,1] 3.17.26
.
.
.
.
11.10.1
. . .
.
.
.
1.21.106.6.1
.
.
.
. 34.4.g.1
.
206
.
.
.
. 2b,257,F.37.43 47
. 48 238 . 49
. 50
. 51 . 52
. 53
. 54
. 55
.
.
.
. .
6 .
6
6
.
. 6
6.
6
.
.
23.14 . 1.
.
238
. , , . .
. 1879. . 24 ,
,
,
207
33.4 1. .1
.
. 1.38.1.1
. .
.
. 1.38.2.1
.
.
.
. 1.38.3.1
.
.
. 1.38.3.5
.
208
.
239
. 1.38.3.7
.
.
. 1.38.3.8
.
.
. 3.10.8.1
.
.
.
. 4.2.17.1
.
.
.
.
. 4.2.17.6
.
.
239
209
.
.
. 4.12.2.1
. .
.
. 6.53.1.25 []
.
.
.
.
Excerpta Polyaeni240 4.2.3
.
.
.
Excerpta Polyaeni 4.2.4
.
.
.
VS 2.565.19
240
210
.
241
242
: . . 3
2.22.10 vi, Aristo fg. 30 ..
;
. .
243
.
.
.
3.46.6
236 . .
241
211
. 346.8
244 .
.
. 363.5
1
.2
.
.
. .
10.274.1
. quaestio cod. Leid. f. 211b,
. v. Phil. XVIII, p. 350, ad 262 pertinet.
.
244
212
.
5.8
.
.
.
27.18
;
. .
.
. 40.3
6. ;
.
245
.
... .
: . . 4
. 10.12.25.1 .
.
.
245
. . . . 57, . 98-103.
422 . . . 236, . 123-127.
213
.
.
4.7.2
.
.
.
5.27.12 .
.
.
.
.
14.2.21 .
.
41.102
214
.
.
;
.
60.261.54 .
.
. .
.
. 1.1.131.2 .
;
;
. .
.
. 15.1.49.1
.
. ;
. ; .
.
. 17.1.57.5 .
; .
.
. ;
;
;
215
. 17.1.69.3 ;
;
. . .
. .
.
. 17.1.82.8
.
.
;
. 19.1.6.5 .
.
.
. .1.16.15 .
.
. .
.
. .
.
. 23.1.37.8 .
; .
. . .
. . . .
. .
. . .
.
216
. 23.1.41.6 .
.
;
; .
.
.
. 23.1.53.5 .
, ,
media.ems.gr/ekdoseis/makedonika/.../ekd_pemk_21_Tsekourakis.p...
.
217
.
.
.
.
. .10.4
3.
.
3 ;3
.
.
Aphtho
001 10.30.6
.
.
248
.
. 3.7.50.10
.
248
. . -, 1993. . 76,
78, 92, 93, 95, 96, 203, 206, 207, 216. .
9/1977. . 1983. 123-146.
. -. 142. . ,
, . 1972.
218
. [ 317, 13 ]
3
.3 [
318, 14 ] 3 3
. [ 318, 27 ] 3
. .. .
.
in R249 2.116.4
.
.
.
. (
1,15,5
Aeschin. 2, 31 .. . Callim. fr. 650
860 .
249
/at-Tusi. : 1)
R/2
219
: . . 6
.3 .
.
1 .
.
.
.
.
90.12 ...
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
90.14 .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
90.17
.
.
.
. .
. .
.
.
499.3 2
.
. ....
. .
.
.
.
. [] .
220
588.1 . .
. .
.
.
. . 1
2.
. .
. .
: . . 7
...
.
Chronicon Paschale250
Chronicon paschale 63.12 .
: . . 8
, .
323.32
.
.
250
Chronicon Paschale 284628 AD, translated by Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby (Liverpool:
Liverpool UniversityThe Chronicon Paschale is a chronicle which was written in about 630 A.D. It
is an ... It also contains a list of Roman consuls, which is not translated here. ...
221
.
.
330.9
.
.
. .
.
.
.
: . . 9
224.231a.22
.
251
.
.
. .1359.1 ...
. .
. .
252.
.
251
. ,
' .
,
.
252
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. .
.
.
.
, .
222
. fr. 955d
Snell
. tau.588.7
.
,
, , ,
, ,
,
.
. 196.24
Genuinum
001 .725.1
Comm. Hom.
.
AB, EM 1213, Et. Gud. v 823. Methodius. Aesch. fr. 632
: . . 10
VII.
223
. 2.31.3
.
.
.
.
2.25 .
.
.
.
189.16
. 121.
...
.2.36
.
[]
253
253
(. 49. 50)
: () , ()
224
.
.
. .1754.1
. .
.
.
.
.
. .
.
. .1754.3 .
. .
.
.
.
. .1755.1
. .
.
.
. .
. .
. .
.
.
. .1989.2
.
.
. .
.
.
, , , , , , , , ,
, A. , , , , . , , , , , , , , , ,
, , , .
225
. .3008.2 . .
. .
.
(=.
(4 . ..). .
, .
. :
, ,
, . :
. .
. . , .)
.
. .
.
.
. 15.1 .
. .
. . .
.
. .
. .
.
.3023.1
.
.
. .
. 130.1
.
. .
.
.
.
.
. 130.7
.
226
.
.
. .
.
. . .
. 356.13
.
.
.
.
..
. 1731.5 . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. pi.141.1
.
.
.
.
.
. 829.8
.
.
227
.
.
. 351.1
.
.
. .
.
.
. .
.
: .. 11
.
. 1.9.5.5
.
.
4.28.11
.
.
.
. 2.317.24
.
.
228
. 2.318.1
.
.
.
. 2.318.23
.
.
.
.
. 2.362.11
. .
.
.
: . . 12 254
255
254
. . . ....
1206,
. . . " "
- 1953, 67-96. ...12301245. ,
17 . `
1206-1208 1230-1245
.
255
(. 1155 - . 1216)
,
229
256
.
NICETAS CHONIATES Hist.,
Scr. Eccl. et Rhet. vel Nicetas Acominatus.
, ,
257
,
. .
,
,
,
.
,
, ,
,
,
,
, ,
, ,
.
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
256
NICETAS CHONIATES Hist., Scr. Eccl. et Rhet. vel Nicetas Acominatus. (A.D. 12-13: Choniates,
Constantinopolitanus). Historia (= ), ed. J. van Dieten, Nicetae Choniatae historia,
pars prior [Corpus fontium . Byzantinae. 11.1. Series Berolinensis. Berlin: De Gruyter,
1975]: 1-635, 637-655.
.
257
Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R.
Cousinery.Paris. MDCCCXXXI. . Table des Chapitres. Des
environs de Serres, Strymon p. 204, 211, Deux inscriptions decouvertes a Serres225, 270, Vue des
ruines de cette ville, prise de celles de certilium p. 134 fac simile, trouvees a Serres ,
. . 1, Chapitere X. Serres, Zighna et par Drame, Apres avoir demeur plusieurs jours a
Serres, Mont Munichion, Sarmousak Kieui, village de l Ail nousCercineSerres et de celui de
Zighna
230
.
, ,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
, , ,
.
258 ,
,
,
,
,
, .
, ,
,
.
; (
, )
.
; ,
.
,
,
.
, ,
.
258
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 575 . .
231
,
, ,
,
,
.
259
. 260
,
, ,
,
, ,
,
.
,
,
,
.
, ,
,
,
.
,
259
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . ..
,
, , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , ,
260
. . . . .
. . . . 8. - .
. 283-484. . 155, 243.
232
.
,
.
, ,
,
(
, ,
),
.
,
.
.
. .
,
.
, ,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
, .
233
, ,
, ,
.
, ,
,
.
, ,
.
,
.
.
001 ( ) ,pt2.319.5 ...
.
001 1,pt2.321.2
.
.
.
001 2,pt1.356.5
234
.
.
001 2,pt1.357.19
.
.
001 2,pt1.358.13
.
.
001
...
3,pt1.467.15
.2
.
235
. 1.528.7
.
. 6 6
.
. v. 757
.
. v. 756
.
[
.] .
Magnum
Etymologicum magnum261 93.42 .
.
. .
9
261
236
: .. 13 262
.
. .151.26 .
. . . .
.
. . . . .
. .
. 963.18 . . .
.. . 263.
.
. .
. .
99. .
. 1.457.14 .
. .
. 2.626.19 . .
262
. . .(
1259 ( ' ),
1282)
, , . "
, " .
. 1938. , 2004.
. - - . : . : (1258-1261)
(1261-1282). .
1224
. 1246
.
263
. .
. . . . 1896. 4
,
3 .
237
.
: .. 14
. 1.542.7
.
.
.
. 2.323.19
.
.
. 2.324.23
.
.
.
. 2.327.23
.
.
238
.
.
. - . ....
. , 2, 35, "
". ... , . , . . . 89, .
555. . , , . '. ... .
. . ., . 211-242. . .
.
. , . 529-544. M. Lascaris. Actes serbes de Vatopedi. Extrait
des Byzantinoslavica VI. Prague 1935. - 1936. Andre
Guillou. Les archives des Saint-Jean-Prodrome, sur le mont Menecee, Paris 1955.
... . Hammer I, 110. Jirecek. Geschichte der Serben, . 439.
' . , 1394
'
.
.
,
. 1394
, '
, ,
. ,
, ,
.
1395,
4 1395 ,
- .
1395.
.
. 2.328.5
.
.
.
.
239
. 2.333.11
.
.
.
.
. 2.333.19
.
.
. 3.116.15
.
.
.
. 3.116.18
.
.
.
240
. 2.711. []
. 2.711bis [] .
1 13.2 .
;
.
18..1.2
.
.
264
.
Prog 9.3.8.4 .
.
.
.
.
.
264
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, . .
241
662.13 .
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
1.509.1
.
.
. v. 707 6
6 6 . v.
711-5
6.
1.510.4
6.
.
. .
.
.] v. 711
.
.
.
.
1.510.8
.] v. 711
.
.
.
.
242
. .
.
1.511.17
6.
.
. .
.
.
. [
.
.
.
2.99.42 .
.
.
.
.
. Vers. 297.
.
.
.
7.34b.2
243
. ]
. 33
. .
. ... ]
. A ] .
sch Alc.1154.5
[ frg. 497 ]
. .
[ 711 ] 3
. [ ]
A
2.591.4 2 ex. Hrd.
. .
.
.
. Ariston.
14.226-7.4 .
. .
.
.
.
. 3.1 . .
. . .
.
. .
. . . .
;
244
5692
.
.
.
265
.
.
.
3.1.1
.
. .
.
.
.
. ,
' . .
, , ' ,
.
3.1.7
.
. .
265
( ) . 9 . .
: , 2-3.
, 6. ,
( Misinli, 23 .
Corlu) .O :
- 6.
,
.
245
266
130.1
.
.
. 1.100.3.3
.
[ ] .
. 1.100.3.4 .
[ ] .
. 1.100.3.7
[
] .
.
266
. ,
, " "
. 437 ..
8 ..
, 60 .
.
246
. 4.102.3.4 267
.
.
[
]
268
. 7.114.2
269
267
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 13-14 A vital
clue comes from elsewhere in Thucydides' work. In iv. 102.2-3 it is asserted that the first attempt to
settle the site of Amphipolis was made by Aristagoras of Miletus (cf. CAH iv2. 48 5-6), that the
Athenians came thirty-two years later and met with disaster at Drabescus (cf. 1.100.3 and p. 46
below), but came again in the 27th year under Hagnon and finally founded Amphipolis (see p. 145
below). In what terms these time-intervals came to Thucydides we cannot know. Fortunately, we
have a date for Hagnon's foundation, 437/6, twice transmitted, once apparently from an Atthis (Schol.
Aeschin. 11.31), once from Diodorus' chronological source (xn.3250). The disaster at Drabescus
consequently belongs about 465/4,51 with uncertainty about the correlation between
the archon-year for Amphipolis and whatever form of year Thucydides.. is using, and this should also
give us an approximate date for the neighbouring events, the revolt of Thasos (p. 44 below) and the
beginning of the Helot Revolt (pp. 1089 below).
268
A COMPANION TO THE CLASSICAL GREEK WORLD. Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl. 2006 by
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. . 89 To the west, the foundation of Thourioi in the toe of Italy in 444/3
was another Athenian project which was opened to all Greece, and the most conspicuous evidence of a
move to expand Athenian influence in this direction of which there are hints as early as the year of
Salamis, when Herodotos (8.62) makes Themistokles, who had named two of his daughters Sybaris and
Italia (Plutarch Themistokles 32), threaten a complete withdrawal of the Athenians to Siris, which
according to certain oracles was destined to be colonized by them. Athens had also begun to make
alliances in the region: the inscriptions which supply the evidence are unfortunately all problematic to
interpret, particularly that recording an alliance with Egesta (which was to play an important role in
precipitating the Athenian expedition to Sicily in 415).
269
K
, ,
.
, (
,
, : , ,
,
, /
I - VII 113).
http://www.paggaioserresnet.gr
247
270
.
.
.
.
31.4
.
.
. 3,1.92.33 .
.
.
. .
.
. 271 272
270
. .
. , ,
.
, 75 .
( . ),
, ,
, (). ,
,
,
, .
, 9
, .
, .
, , ,
, .
271
http://www.google.gr/#pq=+&hl quoted by St.Byz.
90,12: , .
248
c. 102 . . .
.
.
.
. 7a.1.35.32
273
. E.
.
274 .
. 6.53.1.2
. .
; .
,
, . . With some
reserve ("wenn"), Decev (p.17) admits that the name is Thracian and that it could be
the original translated by "Nine roads". It is hard to decide wether it is so
indeed or it would come from gr. + Drama, the name of the town nearby. In any
case, it is a compound from ana+draym(os) where the second formant is a derivative
from dram-yo-s.
272
. . . . .
1932. 45 ..
, ' .
. .
.
. ,
, .
>. ,
, ,
, .
.
273
.
, (600 ) 185,15
.
274
.
249
. 6.53.1.25 [] .
.
275
. .
, ,
,
,
[ ]
. . IV, 103. ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
.276
28.8
. .
.
.
.
115.1
. .
[] .
.
. .
275
276
.
, .
250
.
.
Eth 90.13 .
. .
.
.
. .
.
. .
. (
1,15,5
Aeschin. 2, 31 .. . Callim. fr. 650
.
. 2.31.4 ]
.
]
. ]
. 277
.
2.31.22
277
. . . . . 1932.
45 ..
. , .
.
,
, .
( ),
251
.
. 278
.
2.31.29
279 .
] .
..
]
.
. . 7,3,19.3 ]
. ] . I. ] .
I
. ]
278
. , , . .
. 1879. . 25
, ,
, .. .
, ( )
279
.
( ).
( ) .
,
, .
.
, ,
, . .
30 -. 2003. 31. . :
. : X
/ / . H I
. ,
. ,
, ,
. " ,
, , . ,
,
, . ,
,
. ,
.
252
.
.
.
. .1754.1
. .
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. 15.1 .
. .
. . .
.
. .
. .
.
. 130.2 .
.
. .
.
.
.
280
.
. 144.1 . .
. . 281 .
280
. . -, 1993.. 91.
. 476 .. 76, 92, 93.
, .
253
. .
. .
. . .
. 144.1 . .
. . .
. .
. .
. . .
. 3,1.39.4
.
.
. .
I 57
v. 937 6
6.
.
424
.
.
,
. 330 ...
281
--. . -
479 . .
476 . .
254
417 .
.
282
283
. 2b,115,F.51.1
6 . .
...
72 F 7. ......
. DIDYM. zu Demosth. col. XII
43
.
149.7 .
.
.
. .
284
282
, ...
283
(), : ,
, . .
.
, ,
,
-
.
284
, -
- .
,
. '
. ,
298.22
255
. .
.
. 55.5
. .
. . .
. ...
.
. 298.22 .
. .
.
. .
. . .
.
. .
.
. 1.276.2
. .
6 6
.
.] v. 93
6
6
.
. 1.442.25
. .
.
.
256
.
.
. 1.442.26
. .
.
.
.
.
. 1.443.3
. .
.
.
.
.
6 6
6 6
6 6 .
. . 1.451.18 6
.
. 6
6 .
.
.
.
.
. . 1.570.4
. .
257
[ ]
.
.
.
.
. . 1.570.7 [
]
.
.
.
.
.
.
285.
285
258
. 3.184.2
. . Laur. ]
. Laur. F. ]
. F. ]
. B.
. . Laur. ]
. F.
. 3.184.3 . Laur. ]
. Laur. F.
] . F. ]
. B.
. .
Laur. ] . F.
.
in Thucydidem 1.98.1.5 .
c1
.
286
.
4.50.1.2
... c
.
Philip treated the Athenians leniently, dissolving what was left of their Sea League but allowing them
to keep their navy, perhaps expecting to put it to use in his upcoming invasion of Asia Minor (Diodoros
15.87.3; Borza 1990: 21625; Ellis 1994b: 77381; Sealey 1993: 1948).
286
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. . ,
, . ,
, ,
. ead arclay
. ,
, ,
, , .
259
...
.
4.50.1.3
... c
.
...
-
. ,
. .
,
,
. .
, ,
287.
(525 ..),
, 518
, .
513, ,
, .
http://osofos.com/index.php?option
. 3,1.66.16 .
.
. .
6 6.
287
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. ,
. , ,
, , ,
. ,
.
260
.
. 3,1.66.16 .
.
. .
6 .
.
. 3,1.150.24
.
.
.
. .
.
. . .
.
.
.
. 6.34.4
.
. 288
.
.
288
. . . . . 1932.
45 ..
, ,
, ,
. ,
, ,
,
.
261
6.34.5 .
.
.
.
VII.
. .
.
.
6
. .1.34 .
.
.
.
6
262
. . , .
, , , , , , .
.............................................................................................263
............................................................................................285
...............................................................................................298
.................................................................................................299
.............................. ! .
- ..........................................................................302
..............................................................................................335
........................................................................................342
263
289
: 8 ..
.
. 339
.
.
290
: 6 ..
.
, 255
.
.
.
291
.
497
292
289
. . (
)
, . .
Botsford & Robonson. . . 1979. .
146, 183-185, 236.
290
. . -, 1993. . 46,
77, 78, 93, 127, 129, 170, 199, 199, 203, 206, 207, 210. .
291
. . .
2011.
. P.
PERDRIZET, Cultes et mythes du Pange, /Nancy, 1910. , .
,
, .
, 20-23 2001, 2004,
264
293.
.
867-869 [] .
[. .
[. .
192
[. .
. 1a,1,F.155.2 ATHENAI. X 447 D 323a
...
. 6.
. . ...
. . 294 .
99, 3. .
.. .
... ...
: 5 ..
.
. 1.98.1.1
.
.
83-102. , . U. HBNER, Die literarischen und
archologischen Zeugnisse ber den vorchristlichen Athos, AW 16 (1985) 35-44.
293 . 1975. www.protiserron.gr. , ,
, .
.
. .
294
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
,
, , ,
,
(
).
, .
265
.
.
.
. 1.100.3.1
.
.
. 2.96.3.4
.
295 []
.
296
297
.
. 2.97.2.2
.
295
;
,
. .
, , ,
, ,
. ,
, ,
, . http://aioniaellinikipisti.blogspot.com
296
. , .
( ) ,
432 . . (.
, 96).
297
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, , .
, , .
.
266
.
. 2.99.3.5
.
298
299
. 2.99.4.3
300
.
.
. 2.101.3.1
.
.
.
.
298
. .
Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R.
Cousinery.Paris. MDCCCXXXI. . . 24 Cercine, Pangee, . 26 pierie et au
Pangge, Peoniens, Eione, . 35. Pangee, car de Pravista a Amphipolis, Eione.
300
. , , . .
. 1879. . 25 . 2 7, 113
299
267
. 4.50.2.1
.
. 4.102.1.2
.
.
.
. 4.102.3.8
.
[ ]
.
.
. 4.108.1.4 .
.
. 4.108.7.1
.
.
.
268
. 5.7.4.3
.
.
.
.
. 7.9.1.3
.
052 279 . .
. .
; . . .
; .
. .
; .
.
052 351
.
.
052 386 .
.
.
.
052 394 .
. .
.
.
052 652
.
269
[ ]. .
.
052 9
.
.
052 929
.
301 .
.
.
. 1.64.4
.
. 5.1.5
.
301
. . .
2011. 29 . 40 . 15.
, ,
, .
, ( )
. , , ,
,
, , .
, (
)
.
270
.
. 5.13.10 302
.
.
.
.
.
. 5.13.11 .
.
.
.
.
. 5.23.6 303 .
.
302
--. . -. .
, . V,
13
303
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Telling of the Ionian Revolt, Herodotus causes the Persian commander
Megabazus to confront Darius with the risk in allowing Histiaeus of Miletus to fortify Myrcinus
on the River Strymon: The site, with its silver mines, and abundance of timber for building ships and
making oars, is a very valuable one (5.23). The dramatic date of the conversation is about 500, but
Herodotus presumably transfers into the past the concerns of Athenian contemporaries. In 424/3, the
Athenian city of Amphipolis, a near neighbour of Myrcinus, was captured by the Spartans. According
to Thucydides the Athenians were greatly alarmed: The place was [] useful because it supplied
timber for shipbuilding and brought in revenue (4.108). That usefulness might be
projected back to the foundation of Amphipolis in 437/6, and possibly its failed predecessor
Ennea Hodoi (about 465). Cimon, the local Athenian commander, was supposedly prosecuted in 462,
though acquitted, for having failed to seize Macedonian territory (Plut., Cimon. 14.23).
271
. 5.98.5 .
6
.
. 7.24.7
.
.
. 7.25.11
.
.
.
. 7.75.7 ..
.
.
. ...
. 7.107.15304
304
272
.
.
305
. 7.108.9
.
.
.
.
. 7.113.4
.
.
. 7.113.8
.
conquer the whole of Thrace and so he set out to bring every city and every people under Persian
control. As a result of his campaigns, probably carried out in 512 and 511, he was said to have
subjugated all peoples including the Macedonians (Hdt. 6.44.1). Elsewhere, however, Herodotus
indicates that as a result of the campaigns only a strip of the coast was subdued (5.10). Control over the
coast was definitely the centre of the Persians attention, as is evidenced by the fact that
military garrisons were placed in strongholds at Doriscus and later also at Eion.
305
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. Herodotus, however, does not mention their participation in Cimons attack on the
Persian base at Eion, situated near the place where Amphipolis later stood in 476/5. Although it cannot
be excluded that Alexander decided to openly confront the Persians, it is just as likely that he adopted a
more cautious strategy, which he later attempted to hide (Hdt. 7.107, Plut., Cimon 7.12).
273
306
.
.
. 7.114.3
.
.
.
. 7.115.1 307 .
.
.
. 8.116.1 .
.
306
, .
. . 1837. .
. . 7. 113.
307
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd. In 371 Amyntas joined his signature to those of many other Greeks in a common
peace that promised to help Athens regain Amphipolis or so Aeschines claimed in 346 (2.33233). An
Athenian Amphipolis was hardly in Macedonias interest, but even if Aeschines was correct the king
could surely tell the difference between the practical and declared value of agreements. It is hard
to know what he got in return. Years later, Athenian speakers who wished to make his son Philip
morally indebted to Athens reminded him of favors done to Amyntas, but without ever specifying what
they were (Aes. 2.26, [Dem.] 7.1112). Between 374 and 371 Amyntas also formed an alliance with
the powerful Thessalian ruler Jason of Pherae, who gave him cities in the Perrhaebia region between
Thessaly and Macedonia. It is possible that Amyntas bartered timber and his Larissan friends for the
security of his southern border.
274
.
. 8.118.3
.
.
.
.
. 8.118.6
.
.
. 8.1.8
.
.
.
.
. 66.23
. .
.
.
.
.
. 67.1 .
.
.
275
. .
.
.
.
. 67.39
.
.
.
.
. 67.44
.
. . .
.
: 4 ..
.
. 183.3 308
.
.
308
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 42 Depriving the
Persians of their European outpost at Eion was clearly a proper act for the Delian League; but the
Athenian colony there, and the attempted colony at Nine Ways (finally established as Amphipolis, in
437/6), would primarily benefit Athens. Nine Ways was at an important crossing of routes, and the area
had gold and silver deposits and suitable timber for shipbuilding. It is doubtful if the attack on Scyros
was justified as an anti-Persian measure: one Scyrian had helped the Persian navy to locate and mark a
dangerous reef in 480 (Hdt. vni.183.3), but that is Herodotus' only reference to Scyros.
276
.
.184.5 .
. .
.
.
.
. HA 592a.7
.
.
.
. 597a.10
.
.
. 350b.16
.
.
973b.17 .
. ... .
. .
.
277
.
.
.
973b.18 . ... .
.
.
. .
.
.
. 6.36.250.50 ... 11.
. .
...
. . 12.
309
.
.
. 6.36.250.51 11. .
. ...
. . 12.
.
.
.
. 4.9.1.6
.
.
309
. , . ,
278
.
. 417 .
.
. 1178 .
.
. 105.3
.
. []
; ;
018 26
.
;
.
; ;
. 2a,70,F.191.15 frg. 4-5 ][ ]
[][ ][][] [ ] []
[. ][ ] [ ] [
] [ frg. 6 [ ] [] [] []
[]
[] [] []
[] [] [] [] [ ]
[ ] ][ ][ ]
279
[ ] [ ] [] [
] [ ]
. 8.6
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 7.56.19 .
II 52 K
.
fr. 56 K
[]
fr. 11 Gaede .
. 159.6 Schol. Rhesus 346 (F Gr. . . 244 F
146): .
.
. .
.
002 4.3
. . I, 212
.
280
: 3 ..
,
. 3 .. , 219 ...
. 4.4
.
.
.
.
. 7.502.4 .
.
.
. 36.10.4.3
.
310
.
. 36.10.5.3
.
.
(5 . ..).
310
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 569 .
281
002 4.2
. Sotionis Paradox. c. 34
.
003 7.1 .
. Idem
.
.
.
. Steph. Bvz. . .
. Idem . . . Idem
...
.
. 46.3
... . . VII, 331
fr. 35
.
: 2 ..
Moschus, Epitaphius Bios J. M. (John Maxwell) Edmonds, Ed.
. 14
. .
.
.
282
.
003 16.1
. Idem I, 101, de
Anacharsi
. Idem I,
106, de Mysone
.
311
.
.
. ,
, .
,
75 .
( . ),
, ,
, ().
,
,
,
, 312 .
, 9
311
. . 30 -. 2003. 31.
. :
. : X /
/ . H I . ,
.
, , .
, "
,
, . ,
,
, , ... ,
, ,
,
, " (Rosalia, Parentalia).
283
, .
, .
, ,
,
,
. ,
.
.
, .
.
,
. "",
1978, ,
,
(, ,
),
.. ,
5-6 .. .313
:
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION.
VOLUME VI The Fourth Century B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A.
Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford. Cambridge
University Press 1994. . 453 III. ATHENS, AMPHIPOLIS AND
THRACE IN THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR PERIOD. The Athenians
revived their exploration of northern strategic interest during the 440s and
430s, and redoubled their efforts to establish a personal stake on the
Thracian mainland, both in the lucrative mining regions of the lower
Strymon and Angites valleys, and in the Straits. Brea, known from an
inscription but difficult to locate, was founded in a more co-operative
spirit with the native inhabitants than any previous Athenian colony. This
might be the cleruchy lodged in the land of the Bisaltians according to
Plutarch's Life of Pericles 11.5 (Theop. FGrH 115 F 145; Hesychius and
Steph. Byz. s.v. Brea).17 Real success came only with Amphipolis (437
B.C.), a prime strategic site situated on a hill in a bend of the river
Strymon, just south of Enneahodoi (identified with Hill
133 north east of the city: Thuc. iv. 106; 108.1; V . I I . I ; Diod. xii.32.5;
313
www.protiserron.gr
284
314
285
: 4 ..
.
Vent 973b.15
... .
. . .
... .
. .
.
.
.
. varia 6.36.250.48 9. .
. 10. .
....
. ...
.
.
.
317
. . 64100 .
2011 - . , .
.
(, , , ,
, , , , , ,
...),
, ,
.
317
. . ,
(
). (
) ,
. Botsford &
Robonson. . . 1979. . 185, 192, 236, 327, 343-344, 498.
286
Bellum civile
+, ,
,
.
, , , ,
, , , ...
: 6 ..
.
. 4.180 .
.
.
494
.
.
.
. 10.B.83a.4 . .
"Eratosth." sc.
Orpheus ...
.
.
...
. 10.B.84.22 [].
[] [ ] . ..
[] []. .. .
. []
[][]. [ ] 318
318
. . . . .
1932. 45 ..
.
287
[][] v. 921 [] .
.
. 10.B.84.25 3..
[] []. ..
. .
[] 319
[][]. [ ] [][]
[] .
.
...
..
.
...
. 23a.1
.
. 164.9
.
,
.
,
319
. .
, ,
, .
[1] . ,
, [2],
, .
.
. ,
,
.
, .
.
.
288
.
: 5 ..
.
. 2.99.3.5
.
320
. 2.99.3.7
.
.
. Hypsipyles 64.58 [ [ [ . . . ]
] et
[]
. Hypsipyles 64.58 ]
]
320
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, , , .
289
[]
.
052 408 ;
.
.
052 922
.
.
052 972
.
.
.
.
. 5.16.1
.
321
.
322
321
Ian Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. This would date the main body of the Aesillas coins to the period of the wars
against Mithradates VI of Pontus (three consecutive wars fought 8885, 8382, and 7464), and in
addition production patterns confirm that this sequence, as an intense period of striking, would
have been followed by a more sporadic one. Coins from the same obverses and reverses as the
specimen illustrated here are known from the Siderokastro hoard of 1961,80 located about 20 km from
the Bulgarian border close to Lake Prasias at the Strymon river in north-eastern Greece.
322
. . . . . , .
1874. . 195 . --,-,-- . 198 ,
290
323
. 7.112.4 324
.
.
.
. 7.113.1
.
.
323
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835. ..dominions
comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER XXVI.MACEDONIA. 1
Consistently with this re- a Thucyd. 1. 2, c. 96. mark of Herodotus, we find that Aristot. Meteor. 1.
1, c. 13. the tetradrachms of Alexander 3 Arrian. De Exp. Alex. 1, I. are some of the earliest coins, 1, c.
1. of that size, in the Macedonian series. in which he describes the march of Xerxes through Pieria and
Paeonia, seems to leave no doubt as to the Prasias; for in the latter he states that the Doberes and
Paeoplae inhabited the country northward of Mount Pangaeum 1, these being precisely the tribes
whom he had before associated with the inhabitants of the lake Prasias. In reference to the former
passage it may incidentally be remarked, that as the people who were able to resist Megabyzus were
the mountaineers and the dwellers on the lake, the Paeoplae like the SiroPaeones, probably occupied
some portion of the plain which was not exactly on the banks of the lake. The Doberes seem to have
shared Mount Pangaeum with the Paeonians and Pieres, and dwelt probably on the northern side of it,
where in the time of the Roman Empire there was a mutatio, or place for changing horses, called
Domeros, between Amphipolis and Philippi, 13 M.P. from the former, and 19 M.P. from the latter2.
As to Mount Dysorum, if we suppose Herodotus to have referred not so much to the Macedonia of the
reign of Amyntas, when Megabyzus invaded Paeonia, as to the extent of the kingdom in the time of his
grandson Perdiccas, which was that of the historian himself, when Mygdonia, Bisaltia, Anthemus and
Crestonia had been added to the kingdom3: it then becomes credible, that Alexander the First wrought
some mines in the Bisaltic mountain which is separated only from Mount Pangaeum by the pass of
Amphipolis, and that the further continuation of that mountain towards the modern Sokho, may have
been the ancient Dysorum. That the Bisaltae, before they were annexed to the kingdom of Macedonia,
possessed silver mines, may be strongly presumed from the tetradrachm with the legend
BISALTIK0N1 Herodot. 1. 7, c. 113. * Itin. Hierosol. p. 604. Wess. * Thucyd. 1. 2, c. 99.
324
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME VI The Fourth
Century B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford.
Cambridge University Press 1994. . 452 The Edoni succeeded in retaking it by ambush (schol.
Aeschin. 11.34) and, at the nearby site of Drabescus, destroyed, with the help of neighbouring
Thracians, an Athenian force of 10,000 under the leadership of Leagrus and Sophanes, which attempted
to recolonize Enneahodoi in 465 (Hdt. ix.75; Thuc. 1.100.3; iv.102.2; Diod. xi.70.5; xn.68.2; Paus.
1.29.4-5). 13 Nevertheless, they can only have been obtained with the co-operation of the local
Thracian tribes, particularly the Edonians, Pierii, Odomanti and Satri (Hdt. vn.112). Such cooperation is confirmed by the existence of a joint Thraco-Macedonian minting standard, which was
used by many local mints of Chalcidice and the north Aegean coast, by Thasos and her colony
Neapolis, Aegae for its own and Macedonian regal issues, and also by a host of greater and lesser
native tribes, both Paeonian (Letaei, Laeaei) and Thracian (Bisalti, Edoni, Orescii, Derrones, Zaeelii)
some of which are only known to have existed from their coinage.
291
.
. 7.113.6
.
.
. 7.115.8
.
[]
.
.
.
5.2.17.5
;
.
325 .
.
;
.
325
. . . . . 1932.
45 ..
,
. ,
.
292
11.1.3
.
.
: 4 ..
.
15.2.3
.
326
. 6.36.250.49 10. .
... .
. ...
. . 12.
.
.
. 6.6.4.8 .
326
... ( ), ( )
293
. .
. 159.1.15
.
.
.
. 161.1.1
. .
.
018 134
.
; .3 .
. 2b,124,F.54.11
.
327
327
294
.
.
. 2.16.4 .
.
.
. .
gold were all capable of contributing to the wealth of the kingdom once conditions were stable.
Whether mines and forests were a royal monopoly is not clear. There was certainly ' king's land' out of
which domains were granted; but on the conditions of land tenure in Macedonia the sources tell us
virtually nothing.
328
Aeliani de natura animalium: libri xvii, 1. Aelian,Friedrich Jacobs.
295
: 3 ..
. 1.24R2].33
. 22.18.2.6 .
2.164.1
.
.
.
. 44.10
[ ]
296
2.212
, , , .
- (2.914,3) -- (2.099).
,
, .
,
, .
, ,
, ,
1.963 .
.
, ,
.
,
, 329,
.
.
. 4.2.16.1
.
.
330
.
.
329
330
-- - -
(. 47-68)
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, , , .
297
.361.3
.
. .
. .
.
.
. .
.
. Ana 1.1.5.4
.
.
.
. 19.2.1
.
.
.
5.16.10 331
.
331
Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon. , ta/ (sg. v. infr.
111; for the accent v. Hdn.Gr.1.357), A. halfdeck at the stern of a ship,
Il.15.676; [] Od.12.414;
(i.e. from the prow) ib.229; 3.353;
B.16.83: wrongly expld. by Eust. as = in
Od.5.252, but perh. so used by Nonn. D.40.447,452; expld. as = in A.R.1.566 by Sch.,
but prob. wrongly, cf. Lyc.751.
298
.
.
7a.1.10.6
332
333
334
: 5 ..
. . .
. 2.98.1.4
. 335
.
332
299
.
336
. .
, ,
,
. , ,
. 337
.
. 1.28.12
.
.
.
.
. 674.10 .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
. . [.
. 674.11 . .
. .
336
. . (. . )
,
. ,
.
337
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr
300
.
. 1
.
.
. .
[.]
1 2.
.
. 674.12 . .
.
.
1 .
.
. .
[.]
1
. . 178.25 649-50
.
338 .
.
. 7.113.6 .
339
338
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. ,
, , .
,
, . .
339
, ,
...www.6gymnasio.gr/.../history/.../serres.ht
. , ,
...
301
.
.
. 40.9
.
.
.
. 3,1.89.8
.
. .
.
. c. 113 6
. .
.
. 1.565.8
.
.
.
.
.
.
302
-340
: 8 ..
.
2.848 .
.
.
.
16.287
.
.
16.291
.
.
340
. .
, , ,.
. ,
. , ,
, .
,
, , , .
5 . .
. .
. 284 ..
.
303
.
17.350 .
.
.
21.154
;
.
;
.
: 7 ..
. 17.1
.
. .
: 6 ..
. 1a,1,F.152a.1 . -s.
. . .
. .
. .
. 107,
.
. . ....
.
304
. 1a,1,F.154.2
3. .
. .
...
6 .
. . ...
.
: 5 ..
.
. 2.96.3.2
.
.
[]
.
. 2.96.3.3
.
[]
. 341
. 2.96.4.1 .
[]
.
341
, (
). ( )
, . 376 ..
. 335 ..
. . . .
305
.
.
. 2.98.1.5
.
.
.
.
. 2.98.2.2
.
. .
. 2.98.2.3
.
.
.
. 2.99.4.1
.
. 5.11.1.1
.
306
.
.
307
,
- - . ,
.
. ,
, . .
.
- - .
' .
, . .
.
. .
. . 30 -. 2003. 31.
. :
.
: X /
/ . H I
. ,
. .
,
,
. ,
, ,
,
,
. ,
,
, ,
,
, .
, .
.
408 ;
.
308
.
441
.
. 21.2 ;
;
;
;
. 4.49.5
.
.
. 5.1.4
.
.
. 5.1.9 .
309
.
.
. 5.1.14 .
.
6
.6
.
.
.
. 5.12.3 .
.
.
.
. 5.12.6
.
.
. 5.13.6
.
.
310
.
.
. 5.13.10
.
.
.
.
.
. 5.14.4
.
.
.
.
.
. 342 5.15.6 343
342
--. . -. V. 15
343
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. According to Herodotus 5.15, Megabazus defeated the Paeonians, a tribe
inhabiting the vast area between Axios and Strymon. The Persians forced many Paeonians to
settle in Asia Minor and subjugated and partly displaced the Siriopaeones, the Paeoplae and the
remaining Paeonians, who inhabited the territories up to Lake Prasias. It seems that the inhabitants of
settlements around Lake Prasias, as well as Mount Pangaion, Doberes, Agrianes and Odomantes,
remained out of Persian control.17 After the outbreak of the Ionian Revolt in 499, the Persian control
of the Strymon valley must have been completely illusory. The actions of Aristagoras, the tyrant of
Miletus and one of the leaders of the rebellion, may be evidence of this. When the
revolt died down, he reckoned that it would be safe for him to find shelter at Myrcinus
on the Strymon river, which Darius formerly had given to Histiaeus. The Persians
were unable to stop him from settling there and ruling the area. What is more,
Aristagoras reportedly helped some of the Paeonians deported to Asia to return home
(Hdt. 5.98). His rule was only ended by the Thracians when he tried to expand his
territory at their expense (Hdt. 5.124, 126). When the revolt in Ionia was stifled, Persian power in
Europe was restored by Mardonius in 492. Herodotus claims that the targets of the expedition were
Athens and Eretria but his opinion has been questioned. Mardonius first target was Thasos, which e
captured with the help of his fleet. Then he lost many of his ships while sailing around Mount Athos,
while the land forces, after reaching Macedonia, suffered during difficult battles against the Briges.
311
.
.
. 5.15.10
.
.
.
. 5.15.13
.
.
.
. 5.17.1
.
.
.
.
. 5.23.2
.
. .
.
Despite these defeats Herodotus claims that Mardonius added Macedonians to the subjects (of the
Persians) that they had already (6.44.1).
312
. 5.23.8
. 5.98.5 .
.
. 5.98.14
.
.
.6
.
.
. 5.98.19
.
.
.
.
. 5.98.24
.
313
.
. 7.113.2 .
.
.
. 7.185.8
.
.
(= ,
(11 .. .), "",
. . (5 ..
.),
, ( )
"" .
.
,
, .)
.
. 8.115.15
.
.
314
.
. 9.32.5
.
.
: 4 ..
. 13.6
.
. ;
830a.5
.
.
833b.8 .
.
.
.
.
315
. 2a,70,F.87.1
.
. .
. . 344 .
. -s. . 115 F 214.
. .
.
. -s. .
: 3 ..
. 53.1.1
.....
.
.
. 66.1.1 .
.
.
.
.
Epit 2.195.1
.
.
344
316
345
974
.
.
.
.
. 2a,70,F.87.1
.
. .
. .
. .. . .
. .
.
. -s. .
. 2b,115,F.38.1
.
.
. 2b,115,F.75a.6 ATHEN. II 23 p. 45 C
III XXVI
1 BW
14 F 3 ,
345
,
(, 435) ( ) ...
317
324 .
.
.
. .
. .
.
341 . .
. . . .
.
. .
[.
.
.
346
- . .
, ,
. " , ,
". (. , 97).
().
318
311.F.2
.
.
.
.
10.435 2152
.
;
.
' ' :
' .
,
' ' 430
.
;
' :
. 435
:
, ' :
:
' : 440
319
, ' .
' ,
' ,
' , . 445
' . 470
' ,
'
: .
' , ' '
. 475
10.474 2152
.
.
.
.
12.
.
. 3,1.6.3
6 676 . .
.
.
. .
320
.
.
. 7a.1.36.10
. 1 .
.
.
. 13.1.21.17
.
.
.
NA 16.25.12
.
.
.
B 1.18.1
.
.
.
.
321
. 680.19
.
.
Vettius Valens Astrol.
Vettius Valens (February 8, 120 c. 175) was a ... The Anthology is the
longest and most detailed treatise on astrology which has survived from
that period..
Anthologiarum libri ix 347.27
[]
.
.
. 1.562.17
.
.
.
.
.
6
6.
.
. 3.105.16
.
322
.
6.
. . 3.344.18 6
.
. v. -2
.
.
.
.
. 3.344.21
. v. -2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.1.43
.
.
.346.1 [
. [ hymn. iou.
323
47 ] .]
.
[ frg. 6 ]
[]
3 3
.393.2
. [ 435 ] 3
3
.1.87
.
.
.
338.6
477, 581; 258; 427
.
.
324
-347
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION.
VOLUME VI The Fourth Century B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A.
Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford. Cambridge
University Press 1994. . 452 Aegean, the most important tribes of the
lower Strymon valley the Pierii, Bisalti and Edoni - who had been
driven out of their original homelands in lower Macedonia between the
seventh and sixth centuries, came under increasing pressure from
Macedon in the reign of Alexander I, who may even have held the
Edonian stronghold, Enneahodoi,fora short time, although our only
source is pro-Macedonian ([Dem.] The Edoni succeeded in retaking it by
ambush (schol. Aeschin. 11.34) and, at the nearby site of Drabescus,
destroyed, with the help of neighbouring Thracians, an Athenian force of
10,000 under the leadership of Leagrus and Sophanes, which attempted to
recolonize Enneahodoi in 465 (Hdt. ix.75; Thuc. 1.100.3; iv.102.2; Diod.
xi.70.5; xn.68.2; Paus. 1.29.4-5). The Athenians were trying to keep
Alexander I, who already had the silver mines of Dysoron in Paeonia at
his disposal (Hdt. v. 17.2), away from the gold and silver mines, hitherto
monopolized by the Thasians (Hdt. vi.46), in the area of Daton on the
mainland of Thrace. The Athenians themselves were prepared to go to
war with their ally Thasos in order to secure these resources (Thuc.
1.100.2; 101.13; Diod. xi.70; Plut. Cim. 14.2; Themist. 25.2; Nep. Cim.
2.5).12 The precise nature of Thasian mining rights on the Thracian
mainland and the identity of the Thasian mine at Skapte Hyle have long
been
controversial.13 Nevertheless, they can only have been obtained with the
co-operation of the local Thracian tribes, particularly the Edonians,
Pierii, Odomanti and Satri (Hdt. vn.112). Such co-operation is confirmed
by the existence of a joint Thraco-Macedonian minting standard,
which was used by many local mints of Chalcidice and the north Aegean
coast, by Thasos and her colony Neapolis, Aegae for its own and
Macedonian regal issues, and also by a host of greater and lesser native
tribes, both Paeonian (Letaei, Laeaei) and Thracian (Bisalti, Edoni,
Orescii, Derrones, Zaeelii) some of which are only known to have
existed from their coinage.
347
.
,
.
. :
, ,
, .
325
. 3.12.18 ... II 96 K
.
.
. 9.63.40 ...
II 541 K ; ; .
.
.
3
. 12.19.12
.
348 .
.
.
.
. 12.19.
.
.
.
. 2,1.5.4
348
, ,
. , ,
, . ead arclay
. ,
, ,
,
, .
326
.
.
.
.
.
. 2,2.19.33
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. 2,2.79.25 .
.
.
.
.
. 6
6
.
327
. 7a.1.11.10
[]
.
.
. 7a.1.11.12
[]
349
.
.
. 7a.1.36.8 .
.
1 .
.
350 .
. 7a.1.36.11 1 .
.
.
349
, ( ). (
),
.( ,
.). . 1975. www.protiserron.gr
350
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, ,
() , , .
328
.
. 7a.1.36.16
.
.
. 7a.1.36.29
.
.
.
. 186.134a.8
.
. 186.134a.10
.
.
.
. 186.136b.3 .
.
329
.
.
11.5.3
.
.
.
NA 5.27.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
NA 11.40.3
.
.
.
.
2.413.1
.
.
.
.
. 6.26.5 .
330
.
351
. 7.115.4
.
.
[]
. 8.116.1 .
.
.
. 3,1.78.1
.
p. 669 6 6 .
.
.
. .
.
.
. 3,1.78.3
.
p. 669 6 6 .
.
.
351
.
. . . . .
1896. . 327-329 , , ,
331
. .
.
.
. 3,1.287.34 .
c. 56 . .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.Steph. Byzant.
.
.
.
.
.
.
170.16 .
. . .
. .
.
. .
. .
.
171.1 .
.
.
. .
. 1
.
332
. .
.
.
.
311.C.9 FHGr. III 472 .
.
.
.
FHGr. III 70
.
.
. 31.8.8.6 .
352
417 .
.
352
. . . . . , .
1874. . 510 . . 16) . $ 66.
,
,
. 512
.
333
. 2b,115,F.126a.2
.6 .
.
. ....
.
. 2b,115,F.237a.3
.
. .
. .
1.98.1.5 .
.
.
4.50.1.3
...
.
...
.
.
. 2.99.6.3
.
.
.
.
334
. 4.109.4.4
.
.
. 2.326.39 .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 655.1
22 22
.
.
.
. .
. Mir 842a.15
.
335
.
.
353
.
;
354-
355
: , , , -, ,
. ""
1975.
:
http://www.protiserron.gr/
1975. : http://www.protiserron.gr/
1975. : http://www.protiserron.gr/
.
1975. : http://www.protiserron.gr/.
353
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. .
.
. , .
, ,
, ().
, ,
, ,
.
354
. . ,
, ,
, . 5 .
.
355
, - .71.
336
.
.
356
,
, 70
, .
,
() . 1927.
,
.
. ( )
,
,
"".
: , 357,
, -, , .
,
, [
( .
1883)], 70
, .
,
() . ,
() .
1927.
, .
. (
) ,
,
"".
: , ,
356
. . .
2011.
, ,
.
, , .
.
357
. .
. . . . 1896. . 329
..
337
, -, , . ( ,
- .71). 358
. 2.31.4-2.31.24 ]
.
.
.
.
.
. Vat. Laur. Bgim. ]
.
. ]
.
] .
] . ] . ]
.
.
. ] . F.
] .
358 .
338
.
. 3,1.48.15 .
.
6 6
6
6
.
.
.
. 3,1.197.9 .
6 32 . .
.
. . .
1026 6 6.
. .
.
.
.
.
139.11
. .
.
. .
.
.
Eth 234.23 .
. .
.
. .
. .
.
.
.
. 5.16.2
.
.
339
359
. 7.113.2 .
.
360
.
. . 1.565.6
.
.
6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
. 2.98.2.3
.
.
359
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME IV Persia, Greece and
the Western Mediterranean. C. 525 tO 479 B.C. Edited by JOHN BOARDMAN F.B.A. Lincoln
Professor of Classical Archaeology and Art in the University of Oxford. N. G. L. HAMMOND
F.B.A. Professor Yimeritus of Greek University of Bristol. Cambridge University Press 1988.
. 245 held out successfully in 511 B.C. and did not figure in Xerxes' forces were 'the Paeonians
around Mt Pangaeum, Doberes, Agrianes, Odomanti and Lake Prasias (Butkova)' (v.16.1); these
lived mainly in the Strymon valley above the Rupel pass.10 In such a satrapy the centre lay in the
Central Plain of the Hebrus valley with main lines of communication to the Danube valley, the Black
Sea coast, and Doriscus
360
. . : , .
. ,
.
340
.
. 2.99.1.1
.
.
.
.
.
. 2.100.3.2
[]
.
.
. 7a.1.36.22
.
.
.
.
2.98.2.2 . .
. .
. .
341
.
361 2,1,1.79.34
2,1,2.77.16
2,1,2.91.29
362
2,1,2.102.5
2,1,2.137.37
361
,
, 451. el.orthodoxwiki.org
362
A geographical and historical description of ancient Greece: ..., 1. John Anthony
Cramer. Oxford MDCCCXXVIII. Ptolemy ascribes to the Sinti two other towns. Parthicopolis, as
Wesseling contends it should be Parthicowritten, and not Paroecopolis, in the notes to Hiero-poils"
cles, p. 69 ; where he observes, that this confusion of names is of frequent occurrence, and quotes the
Acts of the Council of Chalcedon, in which mention is made of a bishop of Parthicopolis. Tristolus
isTnstoius. See oil this subject Gatte- P The coins of Heraclea Sinrer Comment. Soc. Gotting. tica are
very numerous. Sestini A. 1784. t. VI. p. 53. Mon. Vet. p. 37.
342
2,1,2.150.31
.
. 7a.1.36.8 .
.
.
.
.
. 7a.1.36.29
. E.
. Epit.
.
. 11.14.5.5
.
343
.
. 156.1
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 162a.3
. ] . ]
.
. .
.
. R
.
.
. 162c.1
.
.
. ]
.
.
.
.
. 3586.3
. . . .
. .
.
;
.
. .
.
344
.
.
. 3586.3
. . . .
. .
.
; 363
.
. .
.
.
.
. 44.1
. .
. . .
;
. . .
.
.
. 987.4 .
. . .
.
. ; ;
. .
.
. .
.
.
. 171.9 . .
.
363
.
, ,
.
,
,
, .
. , ,
, .
. . ' ,
,
, .
, ,
. ' .
(480 . .) .
345
.
.
.
. .
. 484.1 .
.
. .
. .
. []
. . .
. [] .
.
. 484.2 .
. .
.
. . []
. .
.
. []
. .
.
.
. 36.10.4.3
.
.
VII.
De sententiis 5.3
.
346
. 3,1.37.4
.
. .
.
.
.
. 3,1.222.19
.
. . .
. .
. .
.
. . .
. 2.101.3.2
.
.
. 5.6.2.4
.
.
. 5.16.2
.
.
347
364
. 7.112.6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
156 .
. . . .
. . ; . .
. ; ;
; .
. .
;
157 . . . .
. . ; .
. . ; ;
; .
364
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. , ,
, , , ,
, ,
. .
348
. .
;
158 . . .
. . ; . .
. ; ;
; .
. .
; .
164 .
. .
; .
.
; .
. .
;
.
6.1.1
. .
.
.
. .
(168 ..),
( )
.
.
, 365366
365
, O & .
.
, ,
.
. .
. 146-1 . .
366
Amphipolis. Amphipolis became one of the main stops on the Macedonian royal road (as testified
by a border stone found between Philippi and Amphipolis giving the distance to the latter), and later on
the Via Egnatia, the principal Roman Road which crossed the southern Balkans. Apart from the
ramparts of the lower town (see photograph), the gymnasium and a set of well-preserved frescoes from
a wealthy villa are the only artifacts from this period that remain visible. Though little is known of the
349
layout of the town, modern knowledge of its institutions is in considerably better shape thanks to a rich
epigraphic documentation, including a military ordinance of Philip V and an ephebarchic (?) law from
the gymnasium. After the final victory of Rome over Macedonia in a battle in 168 BC, Amphipolis
became the capital one of the four mini-republics, or merides, which were created by the Romans out
of the kingdom of the Antigonids which succeeded Alexanders Empire in Macedon. These 'merides'
were gradually incorporated into the Roman client state, and later province, of Thracia.
367
De via military Romanirum Egnatia, qua Illyricum, Macedonia et Thracia. Scripsit Theophilus Luc.
Fridericus Tafel, Tubingae, 1842. . The Via Egnatia (Greek: ) was a road
constructed by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. It crossed the Roman provinces of Illyricum,
Macedonia, and Thrace, running through territory that is now part of modern Albania, the Republic of
FYROM, Greece, and European Turkey. . IX Via Egnatia cirea Strymonem et
Christopolis (Cavalam), Thessalonicensium. IX Cum vero prope ad Strymonem venisaet, via
puplica relicta (volebat) Strymonemque(prope Serras) tranagresseus. XIX Idem ibid. cap.53.
Crenidas fodinaeAd radices vero montis alius est ingens pagus, Serine dictus. . .
Sideroscapta, coll. Voce graeca . XX
, Strymonem et Stagiram.. Num loquitur de Zigna,
Turcarum urbe, ex oriente lacus CercineNamque Marmara relicta venit Serraw, hinc Tricam
(Zignam?). XXII in latere ostiorum Strymonis sinistro positam. Ubi Amphipolin, ea ab urbe
Macedonum Serrae non diversa est. . XXIII Esse tamen Anghista poterit, Philippis
etiampropior . XXIV , Num fuit Angites(Andschista),
an Zygactes. . XXXIV Prave(Prava), Orfen (Orfan, Orfano)wo sich der Orfan(Strymon,
Struma) . XXXVII sunt Prasias et bolbeminorem (Prasiadem) collRoudinam (Rentinam)
illustravi in . XL. Langadahgolfe StrymoniqueBertiscusBromiscusRontine, on va
passer le Strymon a sa sortie du lac de HakinosCercineAmphipolis. XLI Hakinos, Drama,
d Angista, Pounar-Dag, Scomius, Prava, Amphipolis. Celle de Seres a Amphipolis se derige au
sund, cotoie le lac de Hakinos. XLII Le port d Eion, situe au-dessous d AmphipolisOn pass
le le Strymon devant Yeni-keuid Orfano, dont la rade feraine sert au-jourd hai, comme celle de
Rontine, de port Seres. . XLIII et Octave occupait avec Antoine ceux qui conduisent a prava et a
Amphipolis. . LI wue la ville de bromisqueAmphipoliscelles d Eione du Strymon . LI
Recte Eionis rutera in sinistra Strymonis ora
368
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY SECOND EDITION VOLUME VIII Rome and the
Mediterranean. to 133 B.C. Edited by A. E. ASTIN. Professor of Ancient History, The Queen's
University, Belfast. F. W. WALBANK F.B.A. Cambridge Univeisity Press 1989. . 318 with its
capital at Amphipolis, comprised mainly the areas between the Rivers Strymon and Nessus, with some
additions to the east of the Nessus (but excluding Aenus, Maronea and Abdera) and to the west of
the Strymon (Basaltica with Heraclea Sintice). The second had Thessalonica as its capital and ran
(with the aforementioned exceptions) from the Strymon to the Axius, taking in eastern Paeonia and all
Chalcidice. The third was based upon Pella and stretched from the Axius to the Peneus, incorporating
Edessa, Beroea and western Paeonia. The fourth took in the wilder region across Mt Bora to the
borders of Epirus and Illyria; its capital is given by Livy as Pelagonia (xLV.29.9). The four
350
.
.
. :
44.1. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6.
, .
44.2. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. ,
.
44.3. : 1. , 2.
, 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7.
, .
44.4. : 1.
, 2. , 3. 369, 4. , 5. , 6.
, 7. , 8. , .
republics were to befirmlyseparate entities. Intermarriage across boundaries was not permitted, and
ownership of land and buildings in more than one of the parts was prohibited. Only the Dardanians
were allowed to import salt.
369
, , 452/51
.., .
451/0 .. 447 ..,
443/2 .. 435/4, 433/2 432/1 ,
. 430/429 ..,
429/428 .. 4 . ..
. 4 . ..
. 4 . .. ,
, [----]/. 2 . ..
, .
.
, (
), ( , )
(, ..
351
370
. 9/1977.
. 1983. 123-146.
. .
. ,
. 1976,
90. N. Hammond .
a history of Macedonia I. . 192-194.
.
311.C.9 .
.
.
.
.
. orica 31.8.8.6
.
.
. 3,1.78.1
.
p. 669 6 6 .
370
. . -, 1993. . 91.
. , . 479-480 ..
, . :
, .
.
: ,
, , ..
352
. 371
.
. .
.
.
. 3,1.287.34 .
. c. 56 . .
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
.
417 .
.
.
. 2b,115,F.126a.2
. .
371
. . . . . ,
. 1874. . 509 ( )
-Kieport-
. 510
200
.. 510 . . 16) . $ 66.
,
,
353
372 .
. . ....
IV.
. 2b,115,F.126b.2 .
. ....
sc.
I III ....
. 2b,115,F.237a.3
.
..
.
.
. 170.16 .
. . .
. .
.
. .
. .
373.
372
, 5 ..
().
( ). 451 .. ( )
, . http://www.xenonaskanela.gr/history
373
A COMPANION TO ANCIENT MACEDONIA. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian
Worthington. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2010. 2010
Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Closest to the Axios, the region known as Crestonia is gently rolling as it
makes a gradual ascent to Lake Doiran. The area contains a fertile basin as well as a larger expanse of
thickly forested high land. On the west side of the Strymon river lived the Bisaltae in a landscape
similar to that of Crestonia with mountains such as Kerdylion that is snow- covered in winter. Even the
higher plains have winter snow, although in other seasons they provide good pasture land. Some
mountains are excellent sources of metals: Dysorum for silver in the north and Pangaeum for gold in
the south. Diodorus 16.8.67 says that the potential wealth from Pangaeum was recognized by Philip II
who: went to the city of Crenides and having increased its size with a large number of inhabitants,
changed its name to Philippi, giving it his own name, and then turning to the gold mines in the
territory, which were very scanty and insignificant
354
. 171.2
.
.
. .
. 1 .
.
.
.
. .
.
1.98.1.5 . .
.
.
4.50.1.3
...
.
... .
.
NA 11.40.3 .
.
.
.
.
.
. 2.99.6.3
.
355
.
.
.
.
. 3.12.18 .
II 96 K .
.
. 9.63.40 .
; ; .
.
374 .
3
. 2,1.5.4
.
.
.
374
356
.
.
. 2,2.19.33
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 2.326.39 .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
19.50.7.9
.
.
357
.
. omicron.655.1
22 22
.
.
.
. .
.
Parallela minora 311.C.9
.
.
.
.
.
. 31.8.8.6 .
375
376
. 3,1.78.1
375
358
.
p. 669 6 6 .
.
.
. .
.
.
. 3,1.287.34 .
c. 56 . .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
417 .
.
. 2b,115,F.126a.2
.6 .
. ATHEN. IX 63 p. 401 AB
. ....
IV .
. 2b,115,F.126b.2 .
. . ....
IV. sc.
359
I 141 III
....
. 2b,115,F.237a.3
.
. .
. .
.
170.16 .
. . .
. .
.
. . .
.
. .
. .
.
1.98.1.5 .
.
.
4.50.1.3
...
.
.
NA 11.40.3 .
.
.
.
360
.
. . .
. 2.99.6.3377
.
.
.
.
. 3.12.18 .
II 96 K .
.
. 9.63.40
II 541 K ; ; .
.
.
3
. 2,1.5.4
.
377
Herodotus was that Alexander ruled a place where silver was mined on Mount
Dysoron, located not far from Lake Prasias in the Strymon valley (5.17). This area
must have been under the reign of the Macedonian king at least temporarily.
Thucydides 2.99, describing the Macedonian state under the rule of Perdiccas II, son
of Alexander I, in the time of Sitalces invasion of 429 BC, presented, so to speak, the
final effect of the efforts undertaken by his ancestors
361
.
.
.
.
. 2,2.19.33
.
. .
.
.
.
.
. 2.326.39 ...
.
.
.
.
.
19.50.7.9
.
.
362
.
. 655.1
22 22
.
.
.
. .
.
. 3,1.78.1
.
p. 669 6 6 .
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
170.19 .
.
.
.
. .
378. 2.
. ,
, .
(
,13). ,
. , ,
378
363
.
.
.
44.5. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. ,
5. , 6. , 7. , 8. ,
.
.
44.6.
: 1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , 7. , 8. ,
.
.
44.7. 379
: 1. , 2. , 3. , 4.
, 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. ,
.
. 2.98.1.2-2.99.6.2
2.98.2 .
. 2.98.3 .. .
.. . .. . 2.99.1
. .
2.99.3 . .
2.99.4 ..
. ..
, ,
. . ,
, , , .
,
, , . ,
, .
379
Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. Tome Deuxieme. Vue du lac Cercine pages 3.
364
2.99.5 .. . 2.99.6 .
. .
.
. 2.98.1.4
.
.
.
.
.
. 1.11.3.3-1.11.4.4
.
. 1.11.4
.
.
Notitiae episcopatuum380 421-430
381
380
365
44.8. . : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , .
.
44.9. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. ,
.
.
44.10. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , .
.
44.11.
: 1. , 2. , 3. , 4.
, 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9.
, 10. , 11. , 12. 382, 13.
, .
.
382
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr.
. ' ,
,
, , . ,
211 ..
,
1913.
, .
. 2.96.3.2-2.96.4.2
.
. . .
366
383
.
. 238.1 .
.
. .
.
. . .
.
. .
.
. 12.68.2.6
.
.
.
.
. 7a.1.33.17
.
384.
1 1 2 1
383
. . . . .
1932. 45 .. , ,
. .
384
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. , ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
. , .
, , , . .
,
, . ( ),
,
367
.2 Epit.
.
. 3,1.153.28 .
.
. .
. c. 60, 8 .
.
c. 100 .
.
682 .
.
4.13.105.16
.
.
. 1.29.4.8
.
385
.
. . .
. 1.100.3.6
385
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. , ,
. .
368
386
[ ]
.
.
. 4.102.3.1 387
.
.
388
. 3,1.0.23 .
.
. .
386
. . . . . , .
1874. . 524 . . 18) .
,
() , ,
() . 525
387
THE CAMBRIDGE ANCIENT HISTORY. SECOND EDITION. VOLUME V. The Fifth Century
B.C. Edited by D. M. LEWIS F.B.A. Professor of Ancient History in tht University of Oxford.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. First published 1992 Fifth printing 2006. . 45 The war
against Thasos occupied three years (Thuc. 1.101.3), probably three archontic years. Thucydides
(iv.102.3) dates the colony whose settlers were destroyed at Drabescus thirty-two years after the
failure of Aristagoras in Thrace (Hdt. v. 124-6), and the successful foundations of Amphipolis in the
twenty-ninth year after the unsuccessful colony; the Aeschines scholiast dates the unsuccessful colony
to the archonship of Lysicrates (45 3/2) and the successful to 437/6 (the latter confirmed by a
date-table entry in Diod. xn.32.3).
388
--. . - 6 . . .
, . ,
, , ,
369
195.7-195.11 389390 .
.
. 1
. ..
. 4.90.8 to . 4.91.1
4.91 .
1.28.4.4
.
.
.
.
3.13.5.5
.
.
.
389
--. . - ,
5 . . .
390
.
, .
.
, , ,
, . 1913
19161918. ,
(1923),
. http://www.ethnikosgazwrou.gr/site/gazoros.html
370
. 7.5.12.27
.
.
.
21.17 .
. .
1 2.
.
.
.
44.12.
: 1. , 2. , 3. , 4. ,
.
.
.
2001 9.783
, 5.566,
625, 574, 2.189 829 .
.
" "," ", "".
, eri, iri
(.slope), (.oblique). ,
, . .de,-da,-ta,-te
, , , , , .
egri-ta igri-ta
,
, 16
371
20
, 4.300 .
, . Consinery,
, ,
, , ,
,
.
1821. 1821
, (. 1800),
, .
19
, ,
250 . '
.
24 1912
. 16 1913
' . 19 1913
.
29 1913
. http://el.wikipedia.org
1353-1833 .
( 1992).
. antibaro 06/02/2011
, ,
, , , , , ,
(), (), , ,
.., .
477
Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine,
Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris. MDCCCXXXI. Cousinery
. Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. . . 52. Datos, Serres, Bisaltique, Nigrita, Serres,
Nigrita, . 54. Nigrita, Strymon, Serres, Amphipolis, Bisaltique, . 55. Cercine,
Nigrita, Soho, Nigrita, . 57. Dans la Macedoine. Traduction. Tous ces fruits se
consomment a Salonique et a Serres.
.
. 17.3.3.16
.
372
(;)
.
.
44.13. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , .
.
44.14. : 1. , 2.
, 3. , .
.
44.15.
: 1. , 2. , 3. (),
.
.
44.16.
: 1. , 2. , 3.
, 4. , 5. , .
391392
.
391
--. . - ,
- 6 . . .
.
392
. . . 2008..
().
, , .
, .
373
44.17. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , .
.
393
.
. 7a.1.36.24
.
394
.
.
.
(.45..-120) ,
.
. . 8.5.2
.
.
.
.
393
. . . . . 1932.
45 .. ,
, . .
394
A geographical and historical description of ancient Greece: ..., 1. John Anthony
Cramer. Oxford MDCCCXXVIII. Scotussa, which must not be confounded with the more celebrated
place of the same name in Thessaly, is described by Pliny as a free town. (IV. 10. Cf. Ptol. p. 83.)
According to the Itinerary it was on the road from Philippi to Heraclea Sintica, and eighteen miles
from the latter town.
374
.
7.4.2
.
[7] , '
,
, ' . ,
.
, ,
,
, ,
,
. '
,
<>, <>
, , '
'
,
.
,
, '
' ,
, , '
, ,
.
.
. 29.7.1
.
.407.53
.
.
375
.
.
.
. 142.1.1
.
. .
.
.
.
.
. 2b,115,F.271a.1
.
PLIN. NH XXXI 27 necari aquis Theopompus et in Thracia apud
Cychros dicit. ANTIGON. . . mir. 142
. PLIN. NH XXXI 17 Theopompus in Scotusaeis395 lacum
esse dicit qui vol neribus medeatur.
.
(CAUS JULIUS CSAR. (De lan 100 lan 44 avant J.-C.)
[43 ] ,
,
,
, .
,
.
,
. ,
,
395
376
,
, , .
, ,
.
.
, 396
.
44.18. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , 7. , 8. , 9.
, .
.
44.19. : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , .
.
44... : 1.
, 2. , 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , 7. 397, 8. ,
.
396
. - . ""
, , . 4,35 , . Scotousae Liberi.
,
(, 12, 28) .
.
397
. . .
.
18 AI. . .
, , 1 (1996), . 13-16. . .
, ,
.., . 29-31. 107.
-
.
1757.
377
44.21. 398
, .
.
44.22. : 1.
, 2. 399, 3. , 4. , 5.
, 6. , 7. ,
.
400
.
.
. 195.7
.
. .
.
. 1 .
. .
. 3,1.0.23 .
.
7 p. 327 .
6 6. .
.
.
398
. .
. (. 7.113.8 7.111)
, ,
. : . .
399
. ..
1920 1920. 1999
, ,
. 2011
.
400
. ,
-
, 3852/2010,
378
. .
. .
.
.
. .
. .
.
401
,
, .
5 ..
, , ,
(. ). ,
,
402. .
' ,
403
' .
. 404
.
. 7.124.1
401
. '' '' . .
. ( . .
A, A
1100 .. ' , ..
. , .
3 . , ( )
402
Cousinery . Vouage dans La Macedoine, Par M.E.R. Cousinery.Paris.
MDCCCXXXI. Tome Deuxieme. Pilippi 44, Phipippi, Zighna, Drame, Pangee 44.
403
. . .
. [ ). 2005
. . 47 dealer by the British Museum came from the Vardar valley rather
than from the alleged site, Potidaea; these range from an eighth-century fibula with a catch-plate to a
variety of Illyrian-type pendants. Farther to the east, on the route which leads from Lake Doiran to
Lake Butkova in the Strymon valley, bronze beads and buttons and a stone pot with a loop-handle of a
Glasinac type were found in a tomb at Kozlu Dere, and a heavy bronze armlet at Houma, In the
Strymon area, from the site which became Amphipolis, a collection of bronzes, now in the Vienna
Archaeological Museum, included a miniature double-axe as at Olynthus (fig. 43, 12), miniature jugs
(as in fig. 43, 10), beads, buttons, armlets, a spectacle-fibula and pendants of typical Illyrian kinds, all
of bronze.
404
. 1975. www.protiserron.gr
379
405 .
.
. 3,1.326.21
.
.....
. .
. . .
. c. 123 .
. . .
. .
.
. 9.5.14.28
[ ]
.
[ ]
. [
] .
.
. 675D.1
[ ] []
.
. 37.9 .
.
.
405
. '' '' . .
, , ,
.
. - ( "=)
= . = .
334 .. .
.
380
.
. .
. . .
. .
.
. 342.17 .
.
.
. . .
. .
. .
. .
. 342. .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
. 1
.
.
129
.
Ap 94
.
.
.
( p
.
381
p
h. Apoll. 94 p
Hdt. 2,67,1
.
785.1 . .
. .
. . . .
.
.
406
. 9/1977.
. 1983. 123-146.
. .
. 124-125.
407 ,
. 11.
25.
2 5 .
, , , ,
. - , ,
,
(),
()
1927 .
"", 1923
.
( ), -,
. ...
..408
406
382
. .
, 409, , ,
. , 410
, .
,
.
,
. 6 .
,
.
,
.
(437 ..),
.
476-356 ..
()
,
.
, . '
.
, , "",
. ,
'
,
.
409
. , , . .
. 1879. . 20 , ,
.
410
. .
--, --,
. ,
().
, , ,
, .
383
452/51 ..,
.
451/0 .. 447 ..,
443/2 .. 435/4, 433/2
432/1 , .
430/429 .., 429/428 .. 4 . ..
. 4 . ..
.
4 . .. ,
, []/.
2 . .. ,
. .
,
( ), ( ,
) (,
).
411 ,
, ,
5 . ..,
4 . ..
()
, ,
(, )
[].
412
,
.
411
384
(452
..) .
,
,
(464 ..)
(437 ..)
,
. 1938, ,
, ,
, , ,
, ,
. 1976 ,
, ,
. 1983
,
.
,
.
(3 . ..).
1. , 650-654 .
...
.
2. III, 13, 31 ,
, , , .
3. VII, 36
385
4. , 640, 6 (
)
5. , , .
,
. , ,
.
. 3,1.309.19 . 6
6 Od. 467 .
.
.
.
413 .
2 p. 102. 104 .
. .
.
.
. 3,1.359.25 .
. .
.
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. 7a.1.36.17
.
.
413
--. . -
.
452 /1 . .
386
. . 7a.1.36.12
.
.
.
.
.
.
22 [ [
[ [ [
[ [
3[ ] [
[ [][] [
,
Bernard P. (Bernard Pyne) Grenfell. The Oxyrhynchus papyri (Volume 15)
. (page 12 of 20). 1801. NEW CLASSICAL FRAGMENTS 153.
[? . . . ? ? [ . [
[ [ vos yap ? ? [ 55
? [? [ ?
^{? ? ? ? [
.
. 163.14
.
2. .
. .
.
.
.
.
387
.
. ( .
Hermipp. .
.
. . .
414
. 9/1977.
. 1983. 123-146.
. .
. 124-125. .
, ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , 415, .
.
3,1.283.28
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
.
-
414
.
. , ,
.() ,
. .
, . ,
. , . http://www.zortal.gr/modules/planet/view.article
415
388
.
. 5.6.3.2 .
.
. 5.6.5.2 ....
.
.
.
.
. 5.8.1.2
.
.
.
. 5.10.2.2
.
.
.
. 5.6.3.4 F
e10
.
389
. . .
....
416
.
. 630.11
. []
.
. .
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
. .
. .
.
. .
44.23. : 1.
, 2. , .
.
416
. 9/1977.
. 1983. 123-146. .
-. 128. P. Perdrizet, Congres international de numismatique, Tragilis,
Paris, 1900, . 153-4,
390
.
.
. : 1. , 2. , 3. , 4.
.
. 3,1.217.6
. .
.
. .
.
. 6 Od.
296 .
.
.
. 213.8
.
.
.
. . .
.
. . .
. . 2.99.3.5
.
. 2.99.6.3
.
391
.
.
.
. 2.100.4.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.12.16-3.12.24
.
.
392
418
393
394
DE CENTVM METRIS CLARISSIMO ALBINO SERVIVS GRAMMATICVS.
395
396
397
Phlegra. qua
in regione montes Hypsizo[n]us, Epytus, Alcyon,
Elaeuomne, oppida Nissos, Phryxelon, Mendae et in Pallenensi Isthmo
quondam Potidaea, nunc Cassandrea colonia, Anthemus, Olop[h]yxus,
sinus Mecyberna, oppida Myscella, Ampelos, Torone, Siggos, [S]t[o]los,
fretum, quo montem Atho Xerxes Persarum rex continenti abscidit in
longitudinem passuum MD. in ora rursus Posidium et sinus cum
oppido Cermoro, Amphipolis liberum, gens Bisaltae. dein Macedoniae
terminus amnis Strymon, ortus in Haemo. memorandum in septem lacus
eum fundi, priusquam derigat cursum. Haec est Macedonia terrarum
imperio potita quondam, haec Asiam, Armeniam, Hiberiam, Albaniam,
Cappadociam, Syriam, Aegyptum, Taurum, Caucasum transgressa, haec
in Bactris, Medis, Persis dominata toto oriente possesso, haec etiam
Indiae victrix per vestigia Liberi Patris atque Herculis vagata. haec eadem
est Macedonia, cuius uno die Paulus Aemilius imperator noster LXXII
urbes direptas vendidit. tantam differentiam sortis praestitere duo
homines! Thracia sequitur, inter validissimas Europae gentes, in
strategias L divisa. populorum eius, quos nominare non pigeat, amnem
Strymonem accolunt dextro latere Denseletae et Maedi ad Bisaltas usque
supra dictos, laevo Digerri Bessorumque multa nomina ad Mestum
amnem ima Pangaei montis ambientem inter Haletos, Dio bessos,
Carbilesos, inde Bri[g]as, Sapaeos, [O]domantos. Odrysarum gens fundit
Hebrum accolentibus Carbiletis, Pyrogeris, Drugeris, Caenicis, Hypsaltis,
Benis, Corpilis, Bottiaeis, Edonis. eodem sunt in tractu Sialetae, Priantae,
Dolongae, Thyni, C[o]elaletae maiores Haemo, minores Rhodopae
subditi. inter quos Hebrus amnis, oppidum sub Rhodope Poneropolis
antea, mox a conditore [Ph]ilippopolis, nunc a situ Trimontium dicta.
Haemi excelsitas <VI> passuum subitur. aversa eius et in . rum
devexa Moesi, Getae, Aedi, Scaugdae Clariaeque et sub iis Arraei
Sarmatae, quos Areatas vocant, Scythaeque et circa Ponti litora Moriseni
Sitonique, Orphei vatis genitores, optinent. ita finit . er a
septentrione, ab ortu Pontus ac Propontis, a meridie Aegaeum mare. cuius
in ora a Str[y]mone Apollonia, Oes[y]ma, Neapolis, [D]atos. intus
Philippi colonia_absunt a Dyrrhachio <CCCXXV>- 325-,
Scotusa, Topiros civitas. Mesti amnis ostium, mons Pangaeus.
Heraclea, Olynthos, Abdera libera civitas. stagnum Bistonum et gens.
oppidum fuit Tirida, Diomedis equorum stabulis dirum; nunc sunt
Dicaea, Ismaron, locus Parthenion, ... dein promunturium Cherronesi
Mastusia adversum Sigeo, cuius in fronte obliqua Cynossema_ita
appellatur Hecubae tumulus_, statio Achaeorum et turris, delubrum
Protesilai et in extrema Cherronesi fronte, quae vocatur Aeolium,
oppidum Elaeus. dein petenti Melana sinum portus Coelos et Panhormus
et supra dicta Cardia. Tertius Europae sinus ad hunc modum clauditur.
montes extra praedictos Thraciae Edonus, Gygemeros, Meritus,
398
399
Lysimachia. terra quae sequitur nusquam lata atque hic artissima inter
Hellespontum Aegaeumque procurrit. angustias Isthmon, frontem eius
Mastusiam
Aegaeum statim pelagus vaste longum litus inpellit, summotasque terras
hinc ad promunturium quod Sunium vocatur magno ambitu mollique
circumagit. eius tractum legentibus praevectisque Mastusiam sinus
intrandus est qui alterum Chersonesi latus adluens iugo facie vallis
includitur, et ex fluvio quem accipit Melas dictus duas urbes amplectitur,
Alopeconensum et in altero Isthmi litore sitam Cardiam. eximia est
Aenos ab Aenea profugo condita. circa Hebrum Cicones, trans eundem
Doriscos, ubi Xerxen copias suas quia numero non poterat spatio
mensum ferunt. dein promunturium Serrhion, et quo canentem Orphea
secuta narrantur etiam nemora Zone. tum Sthenos fluvius, et ripis eius
adiacens Maronia. regio ulterior Diomeden tulit, inmanibus equis
mandendos solitum obiectare advenas et iisdem ab Hercule obiectum.
turris quam Diomedis vocant signum fabulae remanet, et urbs quam soror
eius suo nomine nominavit Abdere; sed ea magis id memorandum habet,
quod Democritum physicum tulit, quam quod ita condita est. ultra
Nestos fluit, interque eum et Strymona urbes sunt Philippi, Apollonia,
Amphipolis; inter Strymona et Athon turris Calarnaea et portus Capru
limen, urbs Acanthos et Echinia; inter Athon et Pallenen Cleona et
Olynthos. Strymon, sicut diximus, amnis est longeque ortus et tenuis.
alienis subinde aquis fit amplior, et ubi non longe a mari lacum fecit,
maiore quam venerat alveo erumpit. in litore flexus Megybernaeus,
inter promunturia Derim et Canastraeum et portum qui Cophos dicitur
urbes Toronen et Myscellam atque unde ipsi nomen est Megybernam
incingit. Canastraeo promunturio Sane proxima est, Megybernaeus in
medio, qua terra dat gremium, modice in litora ingreditur. ceterum longis
et in altum inmissis lateribus ingens inde Thermaicus sinus est. in eum
Axius per Macedonas, et iam per Thessalos Peneus excurrit. ante
Axium Thessalonice est, inter utrumque Cassandria, Cydna, Aloros,
Itharis. a Peneo ad Sepiada Corynthya, Meliboea, Castanaea pares ad
famam nisi quod Philoctetes alumnus Meliboean inluminat. terrae
interiores claris locorum nominibus insignes paene nihil ignobile ferunt.
hinc non longe est Olympus, hic Pelion hic Ossa, montes gigantum fabula
belloque memorati; hic Musarum parens domusque Pieria;
400
article recounts what led up to the founding of the cities, and the
subsequent conflicts that each city faced. It stops at the Roman period.I
make no attempt to reconcile recorded history with events in XWP, but I
do note parallels where found.
Analysis of written texts from after the adoption of the new writing
system revealed that the people living around the Aegean were speaking
distinct but, for the most part, mutually intelligible dialects. The Ionic
dialect spoken in Athens and along the coast evolved into modern Greek.
Amphipolis and Potidaea might have spoken the same Ionic dialect
except for one thing: Potidaea was a settlement from Corinth, where the
people, descendants of those fun-loving Dorians, spoke the Doric dialect.
Same as Sparta. (Ominous music should begin now).
Paul Dickson Copyright 1998 .
[1]
.
,
.
,
.
,
, ,
.
.
: ,
, . .
401
402
Rendine..la place de Bromisque. Argilos etait aussi au nombretrespres du Strymonailleurs que Cerdillium etait de la dependence d
Argilos
119 Cerdilium, Eione, Strymon,
120 Eione, Strymon, Bromisque
Asie qui entretienne par cette voie un commerce direct avec
Serres Amphipolis, Eione, Strymon
123, Strymon, Cercine, Pangee
124 d Amphipolis, Serres,
Zihna..
126 , denomination d Amphipolis, double ville.
131 Amphipolis
132 Amphipolis,au de Kutchuk-Orcova, ou se
voient les ruines de Certilium
134. Injustices du gouvernement
SerresStrymon, CerdiliumEione, Amphipolis
de
403
404
. . ,
2000.
. 180. Le lac Prasias sans marreter un moment sur ce que
. 181. Prasias, celui de visiter le yaila de Serres.
. 182. au grand Yaila. . 189. Strymon
405
406
. . ,
, -
, ,
.
.
, . ,
.
. ,
.
. . .
.
, Pangeus.
,( )
.
.
.
. . .
. .
. . . . ,
.
.
. . . 98. . .
. , . . 8, 115. .
.
. ,
. 5, 15.
. . Scaptesula.
.
. . .
407
408
difference between the monetary and real value of the Turkish coin* Tableau du
Commerce de la Grece, Lettre xviii.
Salonique, 1830-1912: une ville ttomane l'ge des Rformes. 1997.
Meropi Anastassiadou. . 307. Serres.
Conservation and Management of Greek Wetlands: Proceedings of a Greek ...
The World Conservation Union. P. Gerakis. 1992. . 275-331. Lake Kerkini,
Serres.
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835.
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835.
..dominions comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER
XXVI.
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835.
..dominions comprehended Serres. . CHAPTER
XXVI.MACEDONIA. Ancient Geography of the Strymonic Plain and surrounding
MountainsBattle of PhilippiNigritaSokhoKlisali LakesLangaza
KhaivatSalonikiAntiquities, Population, &c. ALTHOUGH Stephanus distinguishes
the Siris which gave name to the Siro-Paeones, from Sirrha, they were assuredly one
and the same place, for that the Siro-Paeones inhabited the banks of the Strymon is
clear from Herodotus1, and that they did not dwell above the derveni of Demirissar
may also be inferred from the historian, when he states, that Xerxes left a part of his
sick at Siris in his retreat to the Hellespont2; for it is not conceivable that a place
could have been chosen for that purpose, so far and inconveniently removed from the
direct route of the army, as any position above the Straits of Demirissar would have
been. The same inference may be drawn from Livy, who relates that P. iEmilius
Paullus, after his victory at Pydna, received at Sirae a deputation from Perseus who
had retired to Samothrace(1 Herodot. 1. 5, c. 13, 15, 98. * L. 8, c. 115. 'Liv. 1. 45, c.
4. VOL. III. P).. As Sirae is here described by Livy as a city of the Odomantice, it
seems evident that the Odomanti bordered on the Siro-Paeones, and that in the reign
of Perseus they were in possession of this city The Odomanti, therefore, probably
occupied the great mountain which extends along the northeastern side of the lower
Strymonic plain from about Meleniko and Demirissar nearly to Pangceum, their
vicinity to which latter mountain is rendered probable by their having been one of the
three tribes who worked its mines, the two others having been the Pieres and Satrae2,
the former of whom dwelt on the southern side of the mountain, the latter to the
eastward of it. It was very natural that Megabyzus should have subdued the
SiroPaeones, who possessed the most fertile and exposed part of the Strymonic plain,
while the Odomanti, who were secure in a higher situation, and still more the
Agrianes, who dwelt at the sources of the Strymon, were able to avoid or resist him,
as well as the Doberes, and the other Paeones of Mount Pangaeum, and the
amphibious inhabitants of the lake Prasias. From the same authority we may be
justified in concluding, that the lake Prasias was the same afterwards called Circinitis,
or the Strymonic lake, though it be contrary to the opinion of D'Anville, who
identified the Prasias with the Bolbe, now the lake of Besikia, chiefly perhaps because
Herodotus describes the lake Prasias as confining on certain mines, which afterwards
produced to Alexander I. a talent a day1, and which were separated only from
Macedonia by Mount Dysorum; whence D'Anville, who must have known from the
travels of Belon of the existence of the mines of Sidherokapsa, may have supposed
those to have been the mines in question, and consequently that the neighbouring lake
was the Bolbe. But on comparing Herodotus with Arrian, it is impossible to accede to
409
this opinion. The former relates that the inhabitants of the lake Prasias procured the
piles and planks with which they constructed their dwellings in the lake, from Mount
Orbelus, whence it may be presumed that the lake was contiguous to Orbelus, and
Arrian clearly shews Orbelus to have been the great mountain which, beginning at the
Strymonic plain and lake, extends towards the sources of the Strymon, where it unites
with the summit called Scomius, in which the river had its origin 2, for in describing
the expedition of Alexander the Great against the Triballi, Arrian remarks that
Alexander in marching from Amphipolis to the Nestus, had Philippi and Mount
Orbelus on his left
410
.
270
. 362-386.
Actes de vente d'Ampipolis / M. B. Hatzopoulos. Paris :
. : Research Centre for Greek
and Roman Antiquity, National Hellenic Research Foundation : Diffusion de Bocard,
1991 . - ( , 14)Archaeology of Landscapes: Perspectives and Directions
Journal of Archaeological Research 9 (2): 157- 210.
Ashcroft .. 1998: Ashcroft B., G. Griffiths & H. Tiffin, Key Concepts in Post
Blond F. .. 1992: Blond F., Y. J. Perreault & K. Peristeri: Un atelier de
Boardman J. 1999 (1964): The Greeks Overseas: Their Early Colonies and Trade.
Ceramic art from Byzantine Serres. Demetra Papanikola-Bakirtzis. USA 1992.
Conservation and Management of Greek Wetlands: Proceedings of a Greek ...
The World Conservation Union. P. Gerakis.
Cousinery .Voyage dans la Macedoine. Sur L Histoire, la geographie.
Esprit Marie Cousinery, Tome premier. Langlume. Imprime par autorisation du roi
du 28 Septembere 1828. Paris. MDCCCXXXI.
Crawford M. H. & D. Whitehead 1983: Archaic and Classical Greece: A selection
D. Evgenidou, , (Castra de
Macdoine et de Thrace, la construction de chteaux byzantine, en grec), Athnes,
ADAM, 1998.
Danov C. M. 1990: Characteristics of Greek Colonisation in Trace
Descoedres J.P. (.), Greek colonists and native populations: Proceedings of the
First Australian Congress of Classical Archaeology held in honour of Emeritus
Professor A.D. Trendall, Sydney, 9-14 July 1985. Canberra: Humanities Research
Centre / Oxford: Clarendon Press: 151-155.
Die Geschichte der byzantinischen Stadt Melenikon [] / Theodoros N.
Vlachos : - , 1979
E. H. Ayverdi, Aurupa'da Osmanh Mimari Eserleri, v. IV: Yunanistan, Bulgaristan,
Arnavutluk, Istanbul x.x., 88.
Evangelia Balta, Les vakifs des Serres et de sa region, Athenes 995.
FERNAND BRAUDEL. THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE MEDITERRANEAN
WORLD IN THE AGE OF PHILIP II. VOLUME TWO. TRANSLATED FROM
THE FRENCH BY SIAN REYNOLDS. Part Two (continued). CHAPTER IV.
Graham A. J. 1964: Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece. Manchester:
Manchester University Press.
Henry b. Dewing, Major A.R.C. Commanding district of Eastern Macedonia.
Isaac B. 1986: The Greek Settlements in Thrace until the Macedonian Conquest.
Leiden: E. J. Brill.
411
412
The American Red Cross. Commision to Greece. Relief work in Eastern Macedonia.
Athens 1919.
Tonbridge: Ernest Benn, 1978, c1976.
Travels in northern Greece, 3. William Martin Leake. Vol. III. 1835.
University of California Publications. Classical studies Vol. 22.
Studies in Ancient greek Topography. Part III(Roads). By W. Kendrick Pritchett.
University of California Press. Berkley. Los Angeles. London. Issue date: December
1980. IX Amphipolis Restudied p. 298. 369.
50. Chapter IX Amphipolis restudied. P. 298-P. 346. York: Brill.
Zachariadou, E. A. Early Ottoman documents of the Prodromos Monastery
[] / .
: - , 1970. .
[] / . .
: - ,
1963
, :
/ . . - 2 .
: , 1988. - (
, 1)
,
: / . .-2
. : , 1988 . - (
, 1)
[] /
: - , 1970
[] /
: - , 1970
[] / . :
- , 1976
, , 3
(996) 684.
[] /
: - , 2004
413
, (1911-1914) [] / .
: - ,
1998
/ : , 1997 /
. - 2 . : .
, 1997
: / . :
, 1989
: / :
. , 1989
/ [] . . [ :
, , 1972\]. . - (
, 13)
20 ( - )
[] / . :
- , 2004
. . : 219-240.
/ .
: : :
, 1997
[] : / . .
: - , 1993
[] / .
: - , 1998
, [] : /
. . : , 1963
: : /
. : . , 05
( )
[] / . . :
- , 1996
[] : , 1989
414
4 (969) . , . 35936, . 36 46 (99) . ,
. 348.. : .
[] :
/ .
: - , 1963
[] / . .
: - , 1993
- - [] :
/ . : , 2002
, .
. , , . , .
"", 99.
. . 2000:
: .
17-20 1996. : 71-80.
. 2003:
. .... 17 (2003): 110-125.
. 2005:
. .... 19 (2005): 109-118.
[] / . :
- , 1957
[] / :
- , 1959
[] : /
: -
, 1976
. , , .
, 1989.
. , ,
1996.
. , , . ,
1996.
. , , ,
1985.
415
. , ()
' ' (1956), 94, . 8.
[] : 1900 /
: - , 1957
[] : 1900 /
: - , 1957
' [] : -- /
. : - , 19821983
- [] :
- / . :
- , 1970
. [] : /
. : - , 1993
[] / . . 27 . :
- , 2002
. & . 1984:
, 39 (1984), : 1-47.
. , ,
..., 96, . 68.
. - [] / . .
: - , 1996
15 16
[] / :
- , 2002
[] / . :
- , 1963
- . [] / . .
: - , 1993
[] / . .
: - ,
1998
[] :
/
: - , 1963
416
[] / . .
: - , 1963
. , (9) . , . 558, . 58.
. , ,
4/ (9) . 545 (. 4).
, [] /
. : , 1998
[] /
. . : , 2007
. : . , , . ,
99.
. 3, , 3, : H. Yiakoumis Alexandra Yerolympos Ch. Pedelachore de Loddis,
Ernest Hebrard, 85 933. La vie illustre d' un architecte: De la Grece a V Indochine,
Athenes .
/ . :
"" , 1991
[] /
: - , 1993
[] / . .
: - , 2002
(1889-1980) [] : /
- :
- , 1993
(8 - 6 . ..): . & Y. J.
Perrault (.), :
1869 [] / .
: - , 2007
[] / .
: - , 2004
- [] /
. . : , 1973
" " []
/ : , 1970
417
1907- 1957 [] / .
: - , 1957
[] / . : , 1959
[] / . .
: - , 2002
[] / . :
- , 1957
-
[] :
40 /
: , 1982-1983
[] /
. . : , 1998
. [] /
. : - ,
1979
(1891-1892) [] / . :
- , 1957
[] / -
: - , 1979
[] / . :
- , 1970
. (1921-1999) [] /
: - , 2002
[] /
: -
, 1996
" " [] / . .
: - , 1957
"" 72 [] / . . :
- , 2002
418
[] / .
: - , 1982-1983
[] / . :
- , 1993
[] /
: - ,
1963
[] / . .
: - , 1959
[] / .
: - , 1963
[] /
. : - , 1979
[] /
. : - ,
2002
7000 [] :
: -- / .
: - , 1998
, [] /
- : , 2004
[] / . : , 1982-1983
[] /
: , 1993
[] / .
: - , 2004
[] / . .
: - , 1993
[] / .
: - , 1973
419
(1913)
[] / : , 1998
. (, , )
1913 1981 [] / . :
- , 1989
1878 [] /
: - , 1970
1821 [] :
/ . :
- , 1963
1860 [] /
- : , 1976
[] / . .
: - , 1953
( )
1904 [] / . :
- , 1998
. [] /
: - ,
2004
' : /
: - , ..
[] / . :
- , 1976
1895-1907
[] / . :
- , 1973
- (1941-1945) [] /
. : , 2004
[] /
: - , 1996
(1913)
[] / . :
- , 2004
420
.
[] / : , 1982-1983
[] / . .
: - , 1957
[] / . .
: - ,
1998
(1849).
[] / :
- , 2002
[] / : , 1993
[] :
/ . . :
- , 1996
[] / . .
: - , 2002
1900-1907 [] :
/ :
- , 1963
[] / . :
- , 1970
[] /
: , 1963
[] / :
- , 1993
,
-
1904 [] / . :
- , 1998
. [] /
: - , 1996
421
[] / . .
: - , 1996
1912 [] / .
: - , 1957
1206
[] / .. :
- , 1953
[] : /
: , 1982-1983
(1913) [] :
/ . :
- , 2007
[] / . :
- , 1989
. , 26-27 2008. 2009.
: 2 . (
2): 569-577. 114 . . , .
: , 1998.
. . . . 57, . 98-103.
422 . . . 236, . 123-127. . . 106, . 5-6, .
209-210 . 120-122( ) . 275 . 28-31.
[] / .
: - , 1996
[] / .
: - ,
1973
/ . . - 3 . :
, 00 . - (
, 5)
: [..] , 1996
[] /
. : - ,
1973
422
[] :
/ . :
- , 1970
[] /
. : - ,
1973
[] :
/ . :
- , 1970
[] /
: - , 1963
[] : /
. : , 2007
[]
/ . : , 2004
:
, 1383-1913 / . . - 2 .
: - , 1966
[] :
1383-1913 / . :
- , 1970
[] :
1383-1913 / . :
- , 1970
[] / . . :
- , 1979
[] / .
: - , 1998
[] / .
: - , 1963
. (1935-1980) [] /
: - , 1982-1983
423
. ,
, 9
, 989,
. 6465.
. .... 19 (2005): 25-34. - [] /
. . : - ,
2004
- [] / . . :
- , 1993
[] : / . .
: - , 1979
. . 1997:
: 2 . (
1): 403- 428.
. 2000: .
: .
17-20 1996. : 311-319.
- X. 1983: .
- X. 2000:
- .. 1996: - ., . , A.
Duhn, R. Catling, . & . ,
. .... 10 (1996):
- . 1972: Via Egnatia - . 5 (1972):
- . 1993:
V,
(, 10-15 1989):
, : 679-735.
- . 1998: . :
: 309-325.
, .
(): ' ' : (12701956).[..], 1956.
. . 1964: . ... 1964: 35 . . 1969: - - : .
. . 1976: . 115 1976
424
80
[] / . : , 1993
[] / . - :
- , 1979
[] /
: - , 1953
[] / . :
- , 1957
[] / . .
: - ,
1973
[] / . .
: - ,
2004
, .
. . 1837.
[] :
' /
. : -
, 2002
[] : 4000 /
. . : , 1982-1983
[] : / . .
: - ,
1979
. 2009: :
. & Y. J. Perrault (.),
:
. ,
. . , 1998.
,
[] / ,
: , 1993
425
, (1946-1965) [] /
. : , 2004
- [] / . .
: - , 1996
[] /
. : , 2004
:
: , , , , ,
/ - : , 1997
" "
1768
[] / :
- , 1989
/ : ,
03
. (1896-1984) [] / -
: - , 1989
. : :
, 9-11 1986 :
. : Ecole Francaise d' Athenes, 1990 . ( , 1)
. [] / . :
- , 1982-1983
M. E. M. Cousinery "Voyage dans la Macedoine" (1831-1981)
[] / . : , 1982-1983
[] : /
: - , 1973
. 1936: - - . 1936: 1-48.
. 1938: . ... 1938:
. 1967: . . . .,
. & Y. J. Perrault 1996: , .
. & Y. J. Perrault 2000: , 1998-1999. .... 14
426
427
- . 1992: ,
.... 6 (1992): 549-559.
- . 1993:
. .... 7 (1993): 477-484.
- . 1996: : .
.... 10 (1996): 835- 113
[] : , ,
/ . . :
- , 1976
. [] / . .
: - , 1993
: /
: [..] , 1998
- [] / .
: - , 1993
[] : /
: , 2004
. . 2007: .
[] / . .
: - , 2002
"" [] / . :
- , 1973
[] / . .
: - , 1998
[] / .
: - ,
1970
[] : -
, 2004
40
- [] / . . :
- , 1993
428
, [] /
. : , 1989
[] :
/ .
: - , 1979
1907 [] :
/ ,
: - , 1959
[] / . .
: - , 1970
[] / .
: - , 1959
[] / . :
- , 1976
: / .
. : - , ..
[] /
. : , 2002
[] : ,
/ . :
- , 1953
[] / . .
: - , 1996
.
[] / . :
- , 2007
[] / . .
: - , 1976
/ . : [..] , 1996
"", ,
1913-1916 [] / -,
: , 2007
429
- .
[] / . :
- , 2007
. (1909-1998) [] / .
: - ,
2002
... [] : 1917- 1919 /
: - ,
1976
[] / . . : , 1976
-
[] / :
- , 1982-1983
[] / .
: - , 1979
. [] /
- :
- , 1993
[] / . . :
- , 1976
[] / . - :
- , 1953
1821 [] / . .
: - , 1970
,
[] / :
- , 2004
(Serrs et
sa rgion de la communaut antique la communaut post-byzantine, en grec), 2 vol.,
Serrs, 1993.
:
: 29 - 3 1993 : /
: , 1998
1205-1387 [] / . .
: - , 1993
430
1912-1913 [] /
- :
- , 1989
[] / . :
- , 1976
: :
: [ ] , 1990
[] :
: / . . :
- , 1998
( )
[] / . . :
- , 1963
[] /
- : , 1996.
. ., ,
, ' (93994) 3. .... 10 (1996): 663-680.
1905-1991 [] : /
: - , 1993
. . , ,
. , Byzantinische
Zeitschrift 3 (894) [ = . .
. . , 1988].
. , ,
419 ( ), .
, , 1988.
. ,
38393, 1966.
. ,
, 38393, 1966.
, " . , 2000,
: .. " ".
431
[] / .
: - , 1976
. & . 2009:
7 . ..
. & Y. J. Perrault (.), :
[] :
/ - :
- , 1989
[] /
. : - ,
1957
. , , ,
, 1994.
. 1920: . ... 1920: 80-94.
(1952-1982) [] / .
: - , 1982-1983
[] / G. F. Abbott :
- , 1957
.. 2005: ., . & . ,
2005
(. ). .... 19,
2005: 119-127.
1911 [] / .
: - , 1957
. [] / . . :
- , 1989
, ,
4 (988) . 3994 (. 3), . .
,
, . 5 (, 999) . /8/4
- . 1997:
' (-) [] / . .
: - , 1976
432
:
. 17-20 1996. : 327-345.
' []
/ : , 2004
[] / :
- , 1982-1983
III, (, 21 . . 1976:
. . 1980:
, [] / .
: - , 1957
[] : 1908
/ . :
- , 1970
: / .
: .... , 1952 . - ( )
: -
: [..] , 02
[] / . :
- , 1963
[] : - :
- , 1953- [] /
. : , 1957
[] / . . :
- , 1979
1800-1912 []
/ . : , 2004
: : past and present /
... [..] : , 01
[] / . :
- , 1970
433
. 420-.
. , ,
, 2005.
[] : / .
: - , 1957
. , ,
, . ,
1998, . 175-196. . ,
, . , 1996, . 106-108.
. . .
[] :
/ . . :
- , 1996
, . , ,
, .
.- . - . : : /
. : - , ..
, 1066
1940 [] / :
- , 2007
[] / .
: - , 1970
[] / . .
: - , 1993
( ) []
/ . : , 1973
[] / .
: - , 1970
[] :
/ . :
- , 1957
[] / . .
: - , 1970
434
[] / . .
: - , 1989
-
[] / :
- , 2002
. , 26-27 2008.
.
[] / . .
: - ,
1993
15
20 [] / . :
- , 1996
[] :
- , 2004
"" [] / . .
: - , 1998
75 "" (1905-1980) [] :
- , 1982-1983
: : /
. : - , 1989
, ] :
/ . :
- , 1993
[] /
: - , 1979
[] /
: - , 1979
[] /
: - , 1989
(-) [] /
: -
, 2004
435
[] / .
: - , 1973
[] / : - ,
1979
[] : / .
: - , 1957
[] /
: - , 1998
,
. []
: - , 2007
. , , Typo Offset ,
, 2002.
" [] / .
: - , 1973
-
- [] / . :
- , 1996
" " [] / . .
: - , 1989
[] / . : - , 1953
[] / : , 1979
[] :
/ . . :
- , 1993
, . [] /
: - , 2002
[] / . .
: - , 1993
(1926-1933) [] / .
: - , 2002
436
[] / . .
: - , 1979
: 1985 :
, 1986
[] / . :
- , 1976
[] /
. : , 1982-1983
" " [] /
: - ,
1998
[] / . . :
- , 1982-1983
[] / .
: - , 2004
[] / :
- , 1998
[] /
: - , 1998
[] / .
: - , 1957
, ", ..
, " ", (. 2510/224294)
[] /
. : - , 2004
[] : - - /
. : -
, 1973
1900-1913 [] / . .
: - , 1959
" " [] / .
: - , 1957
437
" " [] / .
: - , 1959
[] /
: - , 1957
[] / . :
- , 1976
[] / .
: - , 1979
[] / . .
: - , 1959
[] / .
: - , 1982-1983
[] :
/ . .
: - , 1979
[] / . .
: - , 1979
40 [] / . .
: - , 1996
- - [] / . .
: - , 1998
. 1992:
. & Y. J. Perrault (.),
:
.
, 26-27 2008.
[] /
: - , 1996
. , , 3 (93) . 34.
[] / :
- , 1970
. -. --.
. 90 ""
[] / . . : , 1996
438
[] / :
- , 1957
, .
, . ,
,
[94], . 8, 3.
(1993-1995) [] : , 1996
(1996-1998) [] : , 1998
(1998-2001) [] : , 2002
(2002-2004) [] : , 2004
(2004-2007) [] : , 2007
1861-1873 [] :
: /
. - :
- , 1982-1983
", - ,
2000, , . .. "
" (. 2510/224294)
, 30-8-2005.
. 5, 8: . , , 985.
. 8, 9: S. Sentiirk B.Johnson, "Heads and Tiles": The two faces of Sovereignty,
Istanbul 995, no , 3.
F. Papazoglou, Les villes de Macdoine romaine, BCH Suppl. 16, 1988, 377-380.
(Serres), SudostF 28 (1969), 112 (reprinted in E. A. Zachariadou, Romania (.
25920/22161) sur les premires modifications. Topoi 10: 11-13.
439
440
, 147, 149, 150, 151, 154,
155, 156, 157, 160, 161, 163, 165,
166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 175,
181, 183, 186, 188, 191, 192, 193,
194, 198, 199, 200, 206, 209, 210,
213, 215, 219, 220, 222, 224, 226,
227, 228, 236, 238, 239, 250, 252
, 48, 50, 54, 88, 99, 105,
111, 118, 187, 189, 239, 267, 268,
297, 328, 340, 342, 346, 385, 388
, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 21, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 41, 48, 85,
107, 159, 210, 217, 225, 251, 348,
384, 400, 407, 413
, 3, 6, 7, 28, 33, 35, 36, 37,
60, 107, 122, 168, 176, 202, 252,
263, 324, 336, 350, 351, 382, 383,
384, 427
, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151,
152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160,
161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167,
168, 169, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178,
179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186,
187, 189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 195,
196, 197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 204,
205, 206, 207, 208,209, 210, 212,
214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220,
221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227,
228, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238, 239,
244, 246, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252
, 29, 32, 69, 105, 119, 120,
123, 130, 140, 141, 154, 163, 166,
180, 183, 193, 211, 223, 237, 240,
245, 248, 267, 268, 280, 296, 325,
326, 333, 334, 337, 346, 353, 355,
356, 359, 360, 361, 364, 365, 367,
388, 389, 391
, 156, 158, 184, 185, 190,
192, 194, 199, 200, 201, 203, 216,
218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224,
225, 235, 236, 245, 247, 249, 250,
252, 258
, 147, 152, 172, 201, 207,
208, 214, 306
, 152, 170, 175, 195, 254,
255
, 196
, 145, 157, 176, 190, 200,
205, 210, 211, 212, 213, 225, 226,
227, 236, 244, 245, 252
441
, 71, 317
. , 41, 42
, 60, 100, 103, 168,
176, 263, 269, 336
, 72
, 99, 111, 129, 131, 132, 133,
134, 135, 136, 142, 158, 186, 248,
320, 327, 342, 366
, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 140, 174
., 137, 140
, 137, 140
, 27, 29, 33, 38, 43, 48, 54, 67,
79, 84, 85, 87, 90, 99, 100, 111, 112,
124, 129, 146, 206, 230, 231, 236,
251, 266, 280, 289, 330, 332, 336,
352, 364, 368, 382
, 48, 98, 133, 169, 170,
171, 174, 195, 207, 210, 212, 254
, 69, 75, 109, 129, 142, 179,
332, 351, 356, 357, 361, 366
, 49, 338
, 106, 272, 284, 290, 291,
300, 313, 339, 347
, 54, 74, 85, 186, 299, 305,
340, 363, 364, 373, 386
, 79, 99, 340, 341, 342
. , 28, 37, 38, 372
, 259, 260, 261
, 259, 261
, 80, 97, 98, 164, 207, 212,
271, 312, 313
, 50
, 129, 131, 141, 142, 366
, 130, 143, 367
, 245, 265
, 144, 246, 368
, 44, 45, 68, 103, 104,
136, 255, 259, 260, 326, 345, 346
, 50, 67, 88, 118, 199
, 261
, 175, 196
, 157
, 34, 35,
36, 236
, 176, 225
.. , 37
, 30, 236, 406
, 200, 201, 225, 236, 252
, 145, 178
, 145, 179, 224
, 173
, 327
, 199, 219
, 48, 141, 144, 245, 255, 265,
367
, 99, 111, 132, 143, 186, 320,
327, 342, 367
, 103, 104, 255, 345, 346
, 147, 148, 199, 216, 219, 223,
247, 250, 258
, 29, 106, 119, 120, 123, 124,
130, 140, 264, 271, 272, 274, 284,
291, 300, 305, 313, 333, 339, 347,
354, 359
, 105, 148, 150, 164, 168, 258,
259, 267, 333, 346, 354, 359, 388
, 146, 150, 175, 181, 195, 246,
254, 255
, 105, 144, 267, 274, 346, 368
, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258
, 195, 254, 258, 259
, 195, 254
, 255
. , 28, 40
, 240, 300, 373
, 54, 99, 103, 111, 132,
186, 300, 320, 327, 328, 332, 340,
342, 345, 351, 357, 373, 385
, 50, 51, 59, 60, 67, 88, 117,
118, 136, 199, 299, 300, 301, 321,
334, 339, 356, 361, 363
, 46, 49, 51, 67, 68, 75, 77,
84, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 133, 134, 135,
136, 137, 138, 139, 174, 175, 194,
195, 196, 197, 217, 222, 254, 315,
316, 325, 326, 329, 331, 333, 338,
352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 358, 359,
360, 361, 362, 370, 375, 391
, 29, 50, 67, 88, 103, 104,
118, 119, 130, 140, 141, 143, 148,
195, 197, 199, 217, 218, 223, 248,
250, 252, 254, 255, 303, 331, 345,
346, 352, 358, 366, 367
, 328
, 159, 174, 195, 216
, 44, 60, 61, 78, 81, 95, 121,
178, 243, 302, 303, 316, 318, 319,
321, 322, 339
442
, 40, 212,
421
, 25, 37, 38, 39,
40, 41, 42, 43, 54, 70, 71, 84, 99,
105, 228, 236, 238, 376, 422
. , 49, 74, 95, 148,
231
, 180
, 48, 131, 141, 217,
252, 263, 347, 351
, 202, 382
, 41, 42, 90, 324, 351, 382
, 151
, 105, 123, 150, 151, 346
, 84, 105
, 335, 336
, 251, 337
, 335, 336
-, 335, 336, 337
-, 26, 38, 39,
41, 42, 43, 66, 83, 90, 92, 107, 108,
217, 253, 270, 310, 351, 368, 369,
372, 381, 383, 385, 387, 389, 392,
423, 437
, 120, 130, 140, 219, 250
. , 30, 33,
37, 45, 50, 54, 58, 62, 68, 71, 74, 75,
83, 85, 97, 98, 129, 186, 221, 240,
248, 250, 258, 259, 260, 264, 265,
286, 288, 291, 296, 300, 327, 335,
347, 366, 367, 373
, 67, 118
, 74, 84, 109, 116, 117, 118,
119, 265, 304
, 137, 152, 153, 154,
156, 267
, 61, 62, 77, 92, 98, 102, 116,
121, 125, 131, 137, 139, 140, 147,
218, 221, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227,
236, 243, 250, 252, 253, 273, 279,
334, 343, 344, 357, 362, 381, 387,
405, 424
, 54, 82, 89, 96, 97, 106, 130,
131, 137, 140, 142, 181, 272, 287,
290, 293, 294, 295, 313, 339, 347,
366
. , 48,
54, 67, 79, 90, 99, 100, 124, 129,
146, 230, 231, 280, 289, 332, 352,
364, 368
443
, 23, 26, 44, 45, 48, 49, 52, 53,
55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 68, 78, 79,
80, 81, 83, 87, 109, 110, 111, 112,
265, 270, 271, 273, 289, 301, 302,
308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 318,
327, 330, 335, 339
, 1, 38, 41, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56,
57, 58, 59, 60, 61
, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 62, 63, 64,
65, 66, 68, 84, 87, 90, 92, 314, 315
, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61,
62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73,
100, 112, 182, 301, 314, 328, 339,
342
, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55,
57, 59, 66, 67, 68, 71, 75, 76, 77, 78,
100
, 70
, 80, 310, 312, 313
, 48
, 74, 85, 299, 305, 340, 364
, 25, 45, 46, 58, 59, 60, 61,
63, 68, 69, 70, 71, 74, 83, 84, 85, 87,
90, 92, 105, 263, 265, 269, 289, 298,
299, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 307,
308, 309, 311, 314, 315, 316, 317,
338, 339, 340, 346
, 106, 272, 284, 290, 291,
300, 313, 339, 347
, 25, 27, 44,
109
, 186, 203, 204, 228, 342
, 210
, 123, 148, 149, 170, 267,
333, 340, 355, 360, 391
. , 38
. , 25, 38, 39, 40, 41,
42, 43, 54, 70, 71, 84, 99, 105, 228,
236, 238, 376, 417, 418, 419, 422,
427, 428, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437
, 158
, 51, 52, 68, 104
, 44, 49, 51, 52, 54, 59, 75, 77,
86, 95, 100, 112, 130, 143, 158, 185,
193, 198, 213, 220, 258, 268, 272,
275, 278, 281, 293, 299, 300, 301,
308, 320, 322, 323, 328, 330, 331,
332, 333, 338, 342, 351, 352, 354,
357, 358, 359, 362, 365, 367, 368,
378, 387
444
, 1, 41, 89, 96
, 46, 68, 84, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93,
333, 352, 358
, 89, 91, 93
, 91, 96
, 46, 68, 84, 90, 92
, 91, 92
, 89, 91
, 298, 305, 333, 355, 360,
364, 369, 391
, 216
, 115, 116
, 116
, 85, 116, 117, 265
, 74, 85, 109, 117, 118, 265,
276, 304
, 116
, 52, 53, 68, 77, 86, 370
, 240, 300, 373
, 29, 38, 84, 108,
140, 141, 255, 299, 344, 353, 366,
368, 389
, 49, 51, 67, 96, 103
, 52, 86, 90, 99, 111, 116,
131, 142, 200, 256, 366
, 159, 216
, 8, 25, 28, 35, 39, 41, 42,
44, 54, 68, 70, 75, 85, 100, 122, 155,
158, 181, 186, 191, 202, 231, 234,
237, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 252,
254, 257, 263, 265, 266, 268, 270,
271, 272, 273, 277, 282, 284, 291,
299, 300, 301, 302, 312, 313, 324,
328, 339, 340, 347, 351, 376, 378,
382, 384, 413, 423, 437
, 54, 59, 60, 106
, 59, 60, 80, 124, 125, 126,
129, 146, 192, 216, 223, 237, 248,
257, 258, 354, 359
, 264, 267, 270, 271, 274,
275, 276, 279, 301, 304, 310, 333,
339
, 220
, 255, 256
, 129, 131, 142,
366
, 112
, 220
, 23, 24, 25, 26, 37, 38, 45,
48, 53, 54, 58, 74, 75, 81, 85, 87, 90,
445
, 48, 90, 103, 104, 110, 119,
131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 163, 169, 170, 171, 174, 175,
181, 183, 186, 196, 197, 199, 204,
210, 211, 218, 225, 226, 228, 247,
248, 252, 280, 295, 325, 326, 333,
334, 340, 345, 353, 355, 356, 359,
360, 361, 364, 374, 391