ENGINE TYPES

Piston Engines Types

Different layouts of various piston engine

Single

Inline 3

Inline 5

Vee Twin

Inline 4

Piston Engine Types - Layouts

Vee 5

Vee 6

Vee 8

Piston Engine Types - Layouts

Horizontally Opposed (Or flat) 4

Firing Order: -

Vee 8

1432

18436572

Piston Engine Types - Layouts

Port B Cylinder Inlet

Port C Exhaust

Stroke 1
Piston rising pulls fuel/air mixture into crankcase; compression causes combustion

Piston at TDC

Port A Crankcase Inlet

Stroke 2
Piston pushed down forces fuel/air mixture into cylinder

Piston at BDC

Piston Engine Types 2 Stroke Cycle

Direct Injection

Engine Cross Section

Indirect Injection

Inlet

Exhaust

Same mechanical set-up as petrol engine Combustion initiated by hot compressed air But no spark plugs!

Diesel Mechanical Arrangement Petrol

Engine Cross Section

Casing

The piston rotates around the fixed pinion But the shape of the piston and the casing also make the piston move up and down by a small amount as well

Rotating Triangular Piston

Inlet Port

Fixed (nonrotating) Pinion

Rotating Crankshaft

Exhaust Port

This motion drives the rotating crankshaft Which in turn drives the output shaft
Output Shaft

Spark Plug

Points of contact marked in yellow

Mechanical Arrangement Wankel Engine

Engine Cycle
Chamber A

Chamber B
Inlet Port

Exhaust Port

Chamber C

Mechanical Arrangement Wankel Engine

Cylinders

Crankcase

Valve Gear

Propeller Mount Bolts

Valve Pushrod Spark Plug

Mechanical Arrangement Radial/Rotary Engines

Radial/Rotary Radial
RHONE

Rotary

Aircraft Nose

Aircraft Nose

(viewed from the front)

(viewed from the side)

(viewed from the side)

Model aero engine

Radial powered motorbike

28 Cylinder Radial

Mechanical Arrangement Radial/Rotary Engines

Cylinder Is there any limits to size? Head Bolts

To fairly big!
Crankshaft Flat Twin

They go from tiny: -

Hand Held

Flywheel

Cylinder Liners Cylinder Block

Mechanical Arrangement Engine Size

That was a brief explanation of various internal combustion engine variants

There are more variations to be found on the internet

Mechanical Arrangement