Question:

What do these pictures have in common?

Aim: How does a wheel and
axle work?
Objective:
To discuss how a wheel and axle makes work easier.
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Axle
Wheel
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Load
Effort
(force)
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
WheeI and AxIe
SimpIe machine with two parts: a center rod
attached to a wheeI.
WheeI and AxIe:
WheeI - a lever that can turn 360 degrees
AxIe - the center rod (or smaller wheel) on which
the large wheel revolves
Load - object being moved
Effort - force that is applied to move the load
FuIcrum - the center of the large wheel
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Effort is applied to the wheel.
The wheel turns the axle.
Wheel and axle move
together.
The larger the wheel the less
effort is needed to move the
axle.
Well
Skipit
Skateboard
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Force can be applied to either the axle or the
wheel.
When force is applied to the wheel:
force to axle is increased
distance and speed are decreased
Ex.
When the force is applied to the axle:
force to wheel is decreased
distance and speed are increased
Ex.
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Work = Force x Distance
The Mechanical Advantage of a wheel and
axle measures how much the machine
multiplies the force applied by the user.
MA =
Radius of wheel
_____________
Radius of axle
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
MA =
Radius of wheel
_____________
Radius of axle
*

MA =
21cm
____
7 cm
21 cm
7 cm
Compound machine has 2 or more simple machines.
Ex. Wheel barrel uses both wheel and axle and a lever.
Axle
Wheel
Lever
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Calculate ideal mechanical advantage
1. n the ice-cream maker, the wheel has a
radius of 20cm. The axle has a radius of 15 cm.
Calculate the MA.
Aim: How does a wheel and axle work?
Calculate ideal mechanical advantage
2. A car's steering wheel with a diameter of
48cm is used to turn the steering column with a
radius of 4 cm. What is the MA?
wheel axle 1:15
dentify the simple machines in:
Lever
Lever
Lever