Test 2. Marine Engineering Practice (K3100) Question 1. State 4 main function of cylinder oil lubrication.

State the 3 methods to identify the combustion condition of an internal combustion engine. 4 main function of cylinder oil lubrication. a) to reduce weardown of cylinder liner b) to prevent exhaust gases from blowing by. c) to carbonized and also to be oxidized by an action of fuel combustion product. d) to lubricate all the moving parts in the engine. 3 methods to identify the combustion. a) colour of exhaust gases. b) sound from engine parts c) by indicator diagram taken Question 2. Briefly explain 4 consequences when using low quality fuel oil for a low speed marine engine diesel. a) comparing to a higher quality fuel oil, the cetane number of a lower quality one is very few. Therefore, the maximum combustion pressure becomes lower, the exhaust temperature raises around 20-30 degree higher than that in the higher quality fuel oil. b) The piston is violently contaminated and hence overhauling termination of the engine must be shortened. c) The low quality fuel oil includes comparatively much contents such as sulphur, ash, asphalt, carbon residue, vanadium and hence wear down of a cylinder liner may increased. d) A partial combustion gases may be mixed with system oil and forces it to be intensively spoilt. Question 3. During a main engine diesel trial, the engine can rotate by starting air but no ignition of fuel. What are the possible cause? - no or bad fuel injection by the fuel injector cause by insufficient air purge - poor working condition in fuel injection pumps. - no ignition caused by too inadequate quality or including water or impurities. - imperfect rotation for spontaneous ignition caused by low pressure in starting air. - low compression pressure caused by tension shortage of piston rings, leakage of respective valves on cylinder heads, improper timing adjustment.

Question 4. State any 4 causes of bad combustion for internal combustion engine. a) whether a certain number of the fuel injection pumps are in worse working condition or the fuel injected is not average. b) the injection pressure of the fuel injection valves are improperly adjusted or fuel atomization are in worst condition. c) the fuel oil quality is not proper in use. d) the timing of both the air intake and exhaust valve are improperly adjusted Question 5. List down any 5 survey points when a cylinder cover of a diesel engine is removed. a) Contaminating state of the combustion chamber of the cylinder cover. b) The stretched length of stud bolts for tightening cylinder cover and whether being some crack on them. c) The clogging conditions and corroding states of the cooling water paths inside the cylinder cover. d) The degree of weardown inside the cylinder liner. e) The lustrous status, whether there being some depth of collar and cracks. Question 6. State any 5 safety keeping and/or emergency stations to save lives and property. a) b) c) d) e) Leaving and entering port station. Navigation safety-keeping station. Fire and water flood station. Boat station. Man overboard station.

Question 7. List down any 5 general ethics as an able seaman. 1. The order of getting aboard a ship using a launch and of landing from it. a) to launch from the pier or from the mother ship. -crew-lower graded officers-higher graded officers. b) from launch to the wharf or to the mother ship. -higher graded officers-lower graded officers-crew. 2. On the gate of navy ship or foreign ship. - it is important to salute to the astern of the ship because of the national flag is hung there, then to be accepted the bow by the gate officer or crew member with saying the purpose of the visit. 3. On the ship, it is never allowed for anyone to lean on a handrail or a bulwark, everyone is required to stand straight up for the sake of a safety keeping and avoiding ill speaking from foreigners in port. 4. On the deck, everyone is required to wear a shirt which has sleeves and collar to show them as a courteous in a port. 5. On the deck, anyone is not allowed to sit down or lay on the deck in a port. Question 8. State any 5 documents which have to be brought along prior joining a ship as a marine engineer a) b) c) d) e) f) Letter of order of embarkation or telegram from the ships owner. Certificate of Competency for marine engineer owned by ourself. International passport in valid. Identification card. Internal certificate of vaccination against smallpox and cholera in valid. Two sets of uniform for summer and winter season together with a hat stipulated by our employer or company.

Question 9. List down any 4 preparatory work to be done before a main diesel egine propulsion engine endergoes engine trial. tightened conditions should be comfirmed on main working parts and antiloosened parts. Cooling fresh water is necessary to be heated up by steam blow into the cooling lines until 50-60 celcius Low quality fuel oil may be heated up to around 70-80 celcius Amount of L.O should be comfirmed in L.O sump tank and it may be heated up to 20-30 celcius Lubricating oil system should be primed by L.O pump working with the engine turning.

State any 4 causes of knocking sound inside the cylinder of a marine low speed engine. a) b) c) d) e) fuel injection timing is adjusted in too early period. clearance is too big between a piston and its cylinder liner. oil clearance of both the end bearing of a connecting rod are too big. the center lines of a piston and its cylinder liner are inclined each other. there are something obstacle upon a piston crank

Question 10. During a main diesel engine trial, the maneuvering handle not able to move at all. What are the possible cause? - whether the turning gear is completely disengaged or not. - whether the reversing gear is perfectly located in good station or not. - whether the reversing gear is completely positioned in neutral or not.

Question 11. Briefly describe the preparatory procedure when a motor vessel is arriving port. a) As usual, lower quality fuel oil is used in many marine engine. For the sake of an easy operation and long maintenance free of an engine, such oil must be changed to the higher grade oil. b) After a long voyage, it is necessary to grease moving parts of respective starting valve by turning each grease cup and also to oil the essential portions of linking apparatuses by handling or oiled. c) Residual procedure in respective starting air reservoir must be checked, and a rested air compressor has to be started for stand by situation. d) Deck machinery and the other auxiliary machines which are expected in use immediately behind the ship is moored. e) The idle electric generator must be in use for stand by situation of the immediately change or for the parallel running if any. Question 12. Give any 4 precautions to be taken for operation of turbocharger or supercharger. a) good caution must be paid to exhaust gaseous temperature and the stipulated temperature must be the upper limit to be allowed b) the lubricating oil must be selected from a test quality group and its pressure and temperature should be maintained. c) The cooling water temperature should be severely kept lower than 65-80 degree in case of fresh water cooling and lower than 45 degree in sea water cooling. d) The respective cylinder output must be evenly lined as well as possible.

Question 13. Briefly explain the procedure to conduct adjustment of fuel injection pressure of a fuel injector (injection valve) - An injection valve which is going to be adjusted its injection pressure must be placed in special position on exclusive testing stand. - By manual operation, the fuel pressure is pumped up by the injection pump. The exactly injected fuel pressure is checked bythe pressure gauge installed on the testing device. - Place at least 30x30 cm of cardboard below the nozzle holes for conjecturing the situation of the injection valve by spread. - Adjusted by the screw nut and bolt for its retainer spring valve and its pressure adjustment must be in comparison with the fuel injection state. - The causes of fuel injection valve being in worse working condition:* break down of the needle valve. * wear down of the needle valve. * stick or seizure of the needle valve. * the nozzle holes being clogged. Question 14. State any 5 matters to be confirmed from predecessor by a successor taking over rhe job while signing on a merchant ship. a) The scope or limit of the job to be covered by the successor. b) The present condition of engines and machines to which the successor should be responsible. c) Various kind of document necessary for performing our duties such as log book, operation and maintenance record book, instruction book or manual for the engines and machines, blue prints (drawing) for machinery and piping. d) Main points or attentions necessary for performing watch duties peculiar to respective ships-a ship is like a factory and has individual social life and manner. e) Location of spare parts, special and general use tools, consumptive goods, keys for stores.

Question 15. State any 5 important observation to be taken by a marine engineer when use is on watching keeping duty at sea. a) b) c) d) Observance of the particulars of operation standard for the main engines. Efficient operation of the main engine and other auxiliary machines. Safety keeping and bilge condition in the engine room. Adequate and quick countermeasures for emergency case and to report it to the superior. e) Close communication kept with duty officers of other department (especially the bridge) Question 16. State 5 document which have to be brought along joining a ship as a marine engineer. a) b) c) d) e) f) Letter of order of embarkation or telegram from the ships owner. Certificate of Competency for marine engineer owned by ourself. International passport in valid. Identification card. Internal certificate of vaccination against smallpox and cholera in valid. Two sets of uniform for summer and winter season together with a hat stipulated by our employer or company.